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JOURNAL OF SAFETY sciENCE AND RESILIENCE 2024年第3期5卷 330-343页

作者： Ahmadi, Zahra Ghasemi, Mahdi Khavarian-Garmsir, Amir Reza Ahmadi, Mohammad Yazd Univ Fac Art & Architecture Urbanism Dept Yazd Iran Yazd Univ Fac Art & Architecture Dept Architecture Yazd Iran Univ Isfahan Fac Geog Sci & Planning Dept Geog & Urban Planning Esfahan Iran Islamic Azad Univ Dept Civil Engn Tabriz Branch Tabriz Iran

Floods and earthquakes are the most common natural disasters, causing significant damage and casualties in urban communities. Although academic research has focused on assessing cities' ability to withstand these natural disasters, there is a lack of established frameworks for evaluating resilience against multiple hazards. This research integrates the earthquake and flood resilience indicators to create a comprehensive resilience assessment framework. This study integrated seismic and flood resilience indicators and categorized them into 27 clusters. It also used the DEMATEL (Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory) method to determine the significance of clusters and prioritize them. This research identified 13 cause clusters and 14 effect clusters of indicators for seismic and flood resilience. The 'response capacity' cluster has the most impact on seismic and flood resilience, while the 'transportation and accessibility' cluster is the most affected cluster. This article presents a framework for evaluating flood and seismic resilience and makes suggestions for future research.

关键词： Resilience Flood Earthquake Dematel Resilience assessment Multiple Hazards DEMATEL MAP

Analysis of level structure and monopole effects in Ca isotopes

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NUCLEAR sciENCE AND TECHNIQUES 2024年第10期35卷 1-7页

作者： Li, Jin Chen, Ai-Xi Jalili, Amir Wang, Han-Kui Zhejiang sci Tech Univ Sch Sci Hangzhou 310018 Peoples R China

Understanding the properties of nuclei near the double magic nucleus 40Ca is crucial for both nuclear theory and experiments. In this study, Ca isotopes were investigated using an extended pairing-plus-quadrupole model with monopole corrections. The negative-parity states of 44Ca were coupled with the intruder orbital g9/2\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$g_{9/2}$$\end{document} at 4 MeV. The values of E4+\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$E_{4+}$$\end{document}/E2+\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$E_{2+}$$\end{document} agree well with experimental trend from 42Ca to 50Ca, considering monopole effects between nu f7/2\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\nu f_{7/2}$$\end{document} and nu p3/2\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\nu p_{3/2}$$\end{document}(nu f5/2\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\nu f_{5/2}$$\end{docume

关键词： Shell model Doubly magic Isotopes Monopole effects Level structure BETA-DECAY MODEL

Tropical Cyclones in Nicaragua: Historical Impact and Contemporary Exposure to Disaster Risk

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK sciENCE 2024年第4期15卷 579-593页

作者： Velasquez-Espinoza, Gema Alcantara-Ayala, Irasema Natl Autonomous Univ Nicaragua Fac Sci & Engn Unan Managua 14172 Nicaragua Natl Autonomous Univ Mexico UNAM Postgrad Programme Geog Mexico City Mexico Natl Autonomous Univ Mex UNAM Inst Geog Mexico City 04510 Mexico

In tropical regions such as Nicaragua, the population's vulnerability to hazards has escalated in recent decades. This increase in vulnerability has led to a surge in disasters, particularly those triggered by intense hurricanes. The implications at the national level are still poorly understood. The aim of this article has, therefore, been two-fold. First, to present a historical review of the direct effects of tropical cyclones on society in Nicaragua from 1852 to 2020. Second, to analyze the statistical probabilities of future hurricane-spawned high winds over Nicaragua. Data on cyclones hitting Nicaragua's coasts were collected, including direct effects, wind speed, pressure, category, direction, and time of landfall. A database was created to classify intensity based on wind speed and frequency. Between 1852 and 2020, Nicaragua experienced 58 tropical cyclones with varying degrees of intensity between September and November. The trajectories of six past hurricanes were considered here regarding the areas that might have been under potential threat. Three zones of influence were delimited along each trajectory according to three wind intensities and the trajectory of these hurricanes. The consequent exposure of each Nicaraguan department and autonomous region was established. The findings are essential to delimitating priority areas for attention regarding the likely impact of tropical cyclones, mainly category 4 and 5 hurricanes. Public officials and the general public can use these data to identify the pressing need for enhanced strategies to mitigate disaster risk and avoid potential disasters.

关键词： Exposure Historical impact Hurricanes Nicaragua Tropical cyclones Vulnerability ATLANTIC HURRICANES FREQUENCY INTENSITY WINDS DECAY

Cascade failure modeling and resilience analysis of mine cyber physical systems under deliberate attacks

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JOURNAL OF SAFETY sciENCE AND RESILIENCE 2024年第3期5卷 266-280页

作者： Wang, Xinping Zhu, Jialin Su, Chang Zhen, Xinyue Xian Univ sci & Technol Sch Management Xian 710054 Peoples R China Xian Univ sci & Technol Sch Safety Sci & Engn Xian 710054 Peoples R China

Guided by the intelligent construction of coal mines and integrating the concept of the Cyber-Physical System (CPS), a novel approach to a coal mine information-physical fusion system is proposed. This concept emerges from the advancement of intelligent mines and the growing need for enhanced safety in coal mine operations. From a system safety perspective, this approach aims to effectively evaluate security issues by better integrating the informational and physical layers of intelligent mines. Currently, research in areas such as power grids and water networks has widely adopted concepts of cascade failures and robustness. It is suggested that the CPS framework be adapted to the mining sector. Considering the critical role of coal mines in China's energy security and their vulnerability to cyber attacks, a mine-specific CPS system is designed. This system incorporates a model of mine information-physical fusion, including networks for mine operations, management, and control, tailored to the unique conditions of mine shafts and underground settings. Utilizing Markov process theory, the paper delves into the theoretical study of the cascade failure process under deliberate attack strategies. This analysis is essential to effectively assess the safety issues within the information-physical system, providing vital support for fault prediction and safety analysis. The model of cascading failures in the mine information-physical system is developed, and based on an analysis of resilience and robustness, the study identifies key factors influencing the security of mine information-physical systems. Critical factors affecting the reliability of these systems include the number of system nodes, node coupling, edge count, and the interconnection methods of the dual-layer dependency network. The paper concludes by discussing the challenges in analyzing the security of information-physical systems and suggesting directions for future research.

关键词： Mine cyber physical system Cascading failure Resilience Robustness INTERDEPENDENT NETWORK RELIABILITY ASSESSMENT COMPLEX NETWORKS ROBUSTNESS SECURE

Development of an enhanced online tritium monitoring system using plastic scintillation fiber array

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NUCLEAR sciENCE AND TECHNIQUES 2024年第10期35卷 1-11页

作者： Cheng, Wen-Yu Deng, Ke Zeng, You-Shi Liu, Wei Zhang, Qin Chinese Acad sci Shanghai Inst Appl Phys Shanghai 201800 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad sci Beijing 100049 Peoples R China

Tritium, a radioactive nuclide discharged by nuclear power plants, poses challenges for removal. Continuous online monitoring of tritium in water is crucial for real-time radiation data, given its predominant existence in the environment as water. This paper presents the design, simulation, and development of a tritium monitoring device utilizing a plastic scintillation fiber (PSF) array. Experimental validation confirmed the device's detection efficiency and minimum detectable activity. The recorded detection efficiency of the device is 1.6x10-3\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$1.6\times 10{-3}$$\end{document}, which exceeds the theoretically simulated value of 4x10-4\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$4\times 10{-4}$$\end{document} by four times. Without shielding, the device can achieve a minimum detectable activity of 3165BqL-1\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$3165\,\hbox {Bq}\,\hbox {L}{-1}$$\end{document} over a 1600-second measurement duration. According to simulation and experimental results, enhancing detection efficiency is possible by increasing the number and length of PSFs and implementing rigorous shielding measures. Additionally, reducing the diameter of PSFs can also improve detection efficiency. The minimum detectable activity of the device can be further reduced using the aforementioned methods.

关键词： Tritium Plastic scintillating fiber array Detector WATER SOIL

Design of 10 MeV electron linear accelerator for space environment simulation

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NUCLEAR sciENCE AND TECHNIQUES 2024年第10期35卷 1-14页

作者： Zhang, Shu Meng, Cai Zhou, Zu-Sheng He, Xiang Zhang, Jing-Ru Iqbal, Munawar Zhang, Zhan-Dong Bai, Bo-Wen Chi, Yun-Long Chinese Acad sci Inst High Energy Phys Beijing 100049 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad sci Beijing 100049 Peoples R China Harbin Inst Technol Inst Special Environm Phys Sci Shenzhen 518055 Peoples R China

A compact 10 MeV S-band irradiation electron linear accelerator (linac) was developed to simulate electronic radiation in outer space and perform electron irradiation effect tests on spacecraft materials and devices. According to the requirements of space environment simulation, the electron beam energy can be adjusted in the range from 3.5 to 10 MeV, and the average current can be adjusted in the range from 0.1 to 1 mA. The linac should be capable of providing beam irradiation over a large area of 1 m2\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$${\hbox {m}2}$$\end{document} with a uniformity greater than 90% and a scanning rate of 100 Hz. A novel method was applied to achieve such a high beam scanning rate by combining a kicker and a scanning magnet. Based on this requirement, a design for the 10 MeV linac is proposed with an RF power pulse repetition rate of 500 Hz; it includes a thermal cathode electron gun, a bunching-accelerating section, and a scanning transport line. The detailed physical design and dynamic simulation results of the proposed 10 MeV electron linac are presented in this paper.

关键词： Electron linac Accelerating structure Beam scanning Beam homogenization Irradiation linac

Towards adaptable synchrotron image restoration pipeline

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NUCLEAR sciENCE AND TECHNIQUES 2024年第10期35卷 1-13页

作者： Li, Chun Bi, Xiao-Xue Zhang, Yu-Jun Zhang, Zhen Wang, Li-Wen Zhuang, Jian Chen, Dong-Liang Dong, Yu-Hui Zhang, Yi Chinese Acad sci Inst High Energy Phys Beijing Synchrotron Radiat Facil Beijing 100049 Peoples R China Spallat Neutron Source sci Ctr Dongguan 523803 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad sci Beijing 100049 Peoples R China Univ sci & Technol China Natl Synchrotron Radiat Lab Hefei 230029 Peoples R China

Synchrotron microscopic data commonly suffer from poor image quality with degraded resolution incurred by instrumentation defects or experimental conditions. Image restoration methods are often applied to recover the reduced resolution, providing improved image details that can greatly facilitate scientific discovery. Among these methods, deconvolution techniques are straightforward, yet either require known prior information or struggle to tackle large experimental data. Deep learning (DL)-based super-resolution (SR) methods handle large data well, however data scarcity and model generalizability are problematic. In addition, current image restoration methods are mostly offline and inefficient for many beamlines where high data volumes and data complexity issues are encountered. To overcome these limitations, an online image-restoration pipeline that adaptably selects suitable algorithms and models from a method repertoire is promising. In this study, using both deconvolution and pretrained DL-based SR models, we show that different restoration efficacies can be achieved on different types of synchrotron experimental data. We describe the necessity, feasibility, and significance of constructing such an image-restoration pipeline for future synchrotron experiments.

关键词： Synchrotron Deconvolution Deep learning Super-resolution Pipeline SUPERRESOLUTION REGULARIZATION DECONVOLUTION SOFTWARE

Improved nuclear mass formula with an additional term from the Fermi gas model

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Nuclear science and Techniques 2024年第5期35卷 131-138页

作者： Xiao-Yu Xu Li Deng Ai-Xi Chen Hang Yang Amir Jalili Han-Kui Wang School of science Zhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhou 310018China

Nuclear mass is a fundamental property of nuclear physics and a necessary input in nuclear *** to the complexity of atomic nuclei and nonperturbative strong interactions,conventional physical models cannot completely describe nuclear binding *** this study,the mass formula was improved by considering an additional term from the Fermi gas *** nuclear masses in the Atomic Mass Evaluation Database were reproduced with a root-mean-square deviation(RMSD)of -1.86 MeV(1.92 MeV).The new mass formula exhibits good performance in the neutron-rich nuclear *** RMSD decreases to 0.393 MeV when the ratio of the neutron number to the proton number is≥1.6.

关键词： Nuclear mass formula Neutron-rich nuclei Fermi-gas model

Development of a MWDC prototype of the CSR external-target experiment

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NUCLEAR sciENCE AND TECHNIQUES 2024年第10期35卷 1-14页

作者： He, Zhou-Bo Qin, Zhi Ma, Peng Yang, He-Run Wei, Xiang-Lun Lu, Chen-Gui Wen, Xiang-Jie Zhang, Xiu-Ling Chen, Tao Li, Zhi-Jie Yang, Yuan-Sheng Zhan, Mei-Qiang Liu, Can-Wen Li, Meng Qiu, Tian-Li Gong, Yi-Wei Huang, Xin-Jie Yin, Xiao-Hao He, Zhi-Xuan Zhang, Jun-Wei Zou, Hai-Chuan Fu, Sheng-Wei Guo, Dong Yan, Jun-Wei Cao, Zhe Deng, Zhi Kong, Jie Xiao, Zhi-Gang Hu, Rong-Jiang Duan, Li-Min Chinese Acad sci Inst Modern Phys Lanzhou 730000 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad sci Sch Nucl Sci & Technol Beijing 100049 Peoples R China Tsinghua Univ Dept Phys Beijing 100084 Peoples R China Univ sci & Technol China Hefei 230026 Peoples R China Sichuan Univ Inst Nucl Sci & Technol Key Lab Radiat Phys & Technol Minist Educ Chengdu 610064 Peoples R China Lanzhou Univ Sch Nucl Sci & Technol Lanzhou 730000 Peoples R China North China Univ Water Resources & Elect Power Zhengzhou 450000 Peoples R China

The cooling storage ring (CSR) external-target experiment (CEE) is a spectrometer used in construction to study the properties of nuclear matter in high-baryon density regions at the Heavy-Ion Research facility in Lanzhou (HIRFL). This study presents the design, simulation, manufacturing, and testing of a half-size prototype of a multi-wire drift chamber (MWDC) for the CEE. First, the performance of the MWDC connected to homemade electronics was simulated. The results demonstrated that an energy resolution of 18.5% % for 5.9-keV X-rays and a position resolution of 194 mu m for protons can be achieved by the current design. Because the size of the largest MWDC reached 176 cm x 314 cm, a set of 98 cm x 98 cm prototypes was built using the new techniques. The positioning accuracy of the anode wires in this prototype is better than 20 mu m. After optimization, using commercially available electronics, the prototype can achieved an energy resolution of 19.7% % for a Fe-55 X-ray source. The CEE-MWDC detector and electronics were simultaneously tested. An energy resolution of 22% % was achieved for the Fe-55 source; the track residuals were approximately 330 mu m for the cosmic rays. The results demonstrate that the current design and techniques meet the requirements of the CEE-MWDC array.

关键词： CEE MWDC Garfield plus plus Fe-55 source Position resolution DRIFT CHAMBER HIRFL-CSR

Research and development of a 0.5-m-long helical superconducting undulator prototype

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NUCLEAR sciENCE AND TECHNIQUES 2024年第10期35卷 1-10页

作者： Yang, Xiang-Chen Yu, Xiao-Wu Wei, Jun-Hao Zhang, Xiang-Zhen Chen, Zi-Lin Bian, Xiao-Juan Li, He-Ting Feng, Guang-Yao Li, Yu-Hui Univ sci & Technol China Natl Synchrotron Radiat Lab Hefei 230029 Peoples R China Chinese Acad sci Inst High Energy Phys Beijing 100049 Peoples R China Chinese Acad sci Inst High Energy Phys China Spallat Neutron Source Dongguan 523000 Peoples R China Chinese Acad sci Inst Plasma Phys ASIPP Hefei 230031 Peoples R China

The helical undulator is in high demand in synchrotron radiation facilities for circular polarization generation. Owing to the higher field strength provided by the superconducting undulator compared to the conventional permanent-magnet undulator, greater research efforts should be directed toward this area. The helical superconducting undulator holds great potential in synchrotron radiation facilities, especially in low-energy storage rings that seek circularly polarized radiation with the highest possible radiation flux. Following the successful development of planar superconducting undulators, the Institute of High Energy Physics conducted research and development for the helical superconducting undulator. A 0.5-m-long Delta-type superconducting undulator prototype was developed and tested. Detailed information on the design, fabrication, and cryogenic testing of the prototype is presented and discussed.

关键词： Helical Superconducting undulator Delta DESIGN