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An effective strategy to inhibit grain coarsening:construction of multi-element co-segregated grain boundary complexion

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第7期13卷 1060-1071页

作者： Le Fu Gabriel Arcuri Wenjun Yu Bohan Wang Zihua Lei Ying Deng Kathryn Grandfield School of Material Science and Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Canadian Centre for Electron Microscopy McMaster UniversityHamilton L8S 4L8Canada State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing School of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Materials Science and Engineering McMaster UniversityHamilton L8S 4L8Canada

When exposed to moderate to high temperatures,nanomaterials typically suffer from severe grain coarsening,which has long been a major concern that prevents their wider ***,we proposed an effective strategy to inhibit grain coarsening by constructing grain boundary(GB)complexions with multiple codoped dopants,which hindered coarsening from both energetic and kinetic *** demonstrate the feasibility of this strategy,multiple selected dopants were doped into a ZrO_(2)-SiO_(2)nanocrystalline glass ceramic(NCGC)to form GB *** results showed that NCGC was predominantly composed of ZrO_(2)nanocrystallites(NCs)distributed in an amorphous SiO_(2)*** layers of GB complexions(~2.5 nm)were formed between adjacent ZrO_(2)NCs,and they were crystalline superstructures with co-segregated *** addition,a small amount of quartz solid solution was formed,and it adhered to the periphery of ZrO_(2)NCs and bridged the adjacent NCs,acting as a“bridging phase”.The GB complexions and the“bridging phase”synergistically enhanced the coarsening resistance of ZrO_(2)NCs up to 1000°*** findings are important for understanding GB complexions and are expected to provide new insights into the design of nanomaterials with excellent thermodynamic stability.

关键词： Zr_(2)-Si_(2) multi-element co-segregation grain boundary(GB)complexion grain coarsening atom probe tomography(APT)

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Biodegradability of bioplastics in different aquatic environments:A systematic review

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第8期142卷 169-181页

作者： Maria Cristina Lavagnolo Valentina Poli Anna Maria Zampini Valentina Grossule Department of Civil Environmental and Architectural Engineering-Laboratory of Environmental EngineeringUniversity of PadovaLungargine Rovetta 8Padova 35100Italy

Bioplastics were first introduced as environmentally friendly materials,with properties similar to those of conventional plastics.A bioplastic is defined as biodegradable if it can be decomposed into carbon dioxide under aerobic degradation,or methane and co_(2)under anaerobic conditions,inorganic compounds,and new cellular biomass,by the action of naturally occurring *** definition however does not provide any information on the environmental conditions,timescale and extent at which decomposition processes should *** regard to the aquatic environment,recognized standards have been established to assess the ability of plastics to undergo biodegradation;however,these standards fail to provide clear targets to be met to allow labelling of a bioplastic as ***,these standards grant the user an extensive leeway in the choice of process *** these reasons,the comparison of results deriving from different studies is *** authors analysed and discussed the degree of biodegradability of a series of biodegradable bioplastics in aquatic environments(both fresh and salt water)using the results obtained in the laboratory and from on-site testing in the context of different research *** Oxygen Demand(BOD),co_(2)evolution,surface erosion and weight loss were the main parameters used by researchers to describe the percentage of *** results showed a large variability both in weight loss and BOD,even when evaluating the same type of *** confirms the need for a reference range of values to be established with regard to parameters applied in defining the biodegradability of bioplastics.

关键词： Biodegradation Bioplastic Plastic Natural environment Plastic waste

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Effect of Artificial Electric Field Surface by Wave-Driven Triboelectricity on Anti-Bioadhesion for Riser Protection

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China Ocean Engineering 2024年第3期38卷 483-490页

作者： YI Peng QIU Hong-yuan LI Yong CAI Bao-ping Javad MOSTAGHIMI ZHANGWen-jie XIAO Wen-sheng college of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering China University of PetroleumQingdao 266580China CNOOC EnerTech Equipment Technology co. Ltd.Tianjin 300450China Department of Mechanical&Industrial Engineering University of TorontoToronto ONM5S3G8Canada

Biofouling has been a persistent problem in marine riser system, resulting in energy waste and equipment damage. Inthis study, a kind of water wave-driven contact-mode flexible triboelectric nanogeneration has been prepared byusing graphene-doped PDMS as dielectric friction material. When the graphene content is 2%, the average outputvoltage can reach 46 V under the contact frequency 10 Hz. The flexible triboelectric nanogeneration encapsulationmodule is impinged by water waves to generate alternating microelectric field on the riser surface and destroy theadhesion conditions of microorganisms during the biofilm stage. In the biofouling experiments at different stages, thebiofouling area of the platymonas subcordiformis has been reduced by 53%, 62% and 61%. It provides a new ideafor effective treatment of biofouling of mussels, oysters and barnacles attached to risers.

关键词： wave-drive triboelectric nanogeneration alternating microelectric field anti-biofouling

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Application of Finite State Machine Theory to the Simulation of Reversed Non-Linear Hysteretic Relationships

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2008年第S1期13卷 46-52页

作者：金德印伊藤裕二 forum8 co. Ltd.

This paper presents the application of finite state machine (FSM) theory to the programming of nonlinear hysteretic model simulation for both known and newly created rules. The complicated reversed internal paths involved in the nonlinear relationship which not only depend on material properties, but also on load history, often confuse rule creators and scholars. In this paper, we first describe the development of past hysteretic models. Then we introduce the FSM theory conceptually, and explain how it is applied to reversed and diverse routes. Next, state definitions and procedures are explained with a specific data example using the bilinear model. Finally, the successful application to UC-win/FRAME (3D) is described and several characteristics are summarized. By using FSM’s states and the linkages to represent a hysteresis model, we can quickly realize the programming of the defined complex model rules, and the nonlinear modeling becomes more efficient and feasible.

关键词： hysteretic relationships finite state machine nonlinear simulation earthquake responses reversed routes constitutive laws

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Fabricating functionally graded Fe-Cr-co permanent magnetic alloys via laser powder bed fusion

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第3期31卷 729-737页

作者： Ya-zhou He Ya-qing Hou Peng Shen Hao Zhang Dong Zhou Hang Su Central Iron and Steel Research Institute co. Ltd.Beijing 100081China Material Digital R&D Center China Iron and Steel Research Institute Group Co.Ltd.Beijing 100081China

Laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)in-situ alloying technology offers the possibility to construct gradient materials with varied structures and *** graded Fe-Cr-co permanent magnetic alloys were fabricated by LPBF and in-situ alloying mixed powders of Fe,Cr,and co *** effects of different Fe,Cr and co contents on the microstructure,magnetic properties and hardness of Fe-Cr-co alloys prepared by LPBF were *** as-built Fe-Cr-co alloys present a single body-centered-cubic phase and have a homogeneous distribution of *** mechanical properties and magnetic properties of the compositionally graded sample show a gradient *** the increase in Cr content,the Vickers hardness of the sample increases,and the saturation magnetization of the sample *** optimal magnetic properties in an isotropic state are given as coercivity HcB=21.65 kA/m,remanence Br=0.70 T and energy product(BH)_(max)=5.35 kJ/m^(3),which are comparable to or higher than the reported magnetic properties in an isotropic state prepared by traditional powder *** in-situ alloying technology has the potential to further explore Fe-Cr-co magnetic materials,such as those consisting of multiple or more constituent elements,and to maximize the compositional flexibility of magnetic materials.

关键词： Fe-Cr-co alloy Laser powder bed fusion In-situ alloying Functional material Magnetic property

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Body-Shaping Membrane to Regenerate Breast Fat by Elastic Structural Holding

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Research 2024年第1期2023卷 165-180页

作者： Hye-Seon Kim Jeongeun Park Hyun-Su Ha Sewoom Baek Chan Hee Lee Kyubae Lee Suji Park Jueun Kim Se Won Yi Hak-Joon Sung Department of Medical Engineering Graduate School of Medical ScienceBrain Korea 21 ProjectYonsei University College of MedicineSeoul 03722Republic of Korea TMD LAB co.Ltd. 6th Floor31Gwangnaru-ro 8-gilSeongdong-guSeoul 04799Republic of Korea

Tissue regeneration requires structural holding and movement support using tissue-type-specific aids such as bone casts,skin bandages,and joint ***,an unmet need exists in aiding breast fat regeneration as the breast moves following continuous body motion by exposing the breast fat to dynamic ***,the concept of elastic structural holding is applied to develop a shape-fitting moldable membrane for breast fat regeneration(“adipoconductive”)after surgical defects are *** membrane has the following key characteristics:(a)It contains a panel of honeycomb structures,thereby efficiently handling motion stress through the entire membrane;(b)a strut is added into each honeycomb in a direction perpendicular to gravity,thereby suppressing the deformation and stress concentration upon lying and standing;and(c)thermo-responsive moldable elastomers are used to support structural holding by suppressing large deviations of movement that occur *** elastomer became moldable upon a temperature shift above T_(m).The structure can then be fixed as the temperature *** a result,the membrane promotes adipogenesis by activating mechanotransduction in a fat miniature model with pre-adipocyte spheroids under continuous shaking in vitro and in a subcutaneous implant placed on the motion-prone back areas of rodents in vivo.

关键词： thereby shaking Elastic

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High-efficiency co_(2) sequestration through direct aqueous carbonation of carbide slag: determination of carbonation reaction and optimization of operation parameters

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第1期18卷 157-167页

作者： Zhiqiang Wang Longpeng Cui Yanfang Liu Jili Hou Hongwei Li Liang Zou Fuxia Zhu Department of coal and Syngas conversion Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co.Ltd.Beijing 100083China

Under the dual-carbon target, co_(2) mineralization through solid wastes presents a mutually beneficial approach for permanent carbon emission reduction at a low material cost, while also enabling the resource utilization of these wastes. However, despite its potential, a comprehensive understanding about the effect of industrial solid waste properties and operating parameters on the carbonation process, and the mechanism of direct aqueous carbonation is still lacking. A series of experiments were conducted to compare the carbonation performance of fly ash, steel slag, and carbide slag. Subsequently, co_(2) mineralization by carbide slag was systematically studied under various operating parameters due to its high co_(2) sequestration capacity. Results showed the reactivity of CaO and Ca(OH)2 was higher than that of CaO·SiO_(2) and 2CaO·SiO_(2). Carbide slag demonstrated a sequestration capacity of 610.8 g co_(2)/kg and carbonation efficiency ζCa of 62.04% under the conditions of 65 ℃, 1.5 MPa initial co_(2) pressure, 15 mL/g liquid-to-solid ratio, and 200 r/min stirring speed. Moreover, the formation of carbonates was confirmed through XRD, SEM-EDS, TG, and FTIR. A mechanism analysis revealed that initially, the rate of the carbonation process was primarily controlled by the mass transfer of co_(2) in the gas–liquid interface. However, the rate-determining step gradually shifted to the mass transfer of Ca2+ in the solid–liquid interface as the reaction time increased. This study lays the foundation for the large-scale implementation of co_(2) sequestration through carbide slag carbonation.

关键词： Industrial by-products Direct aqueous carbonation co_(2)sequestration Mass transfer

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Influence of stearic acid surface modification on flowability and agglomeration of battery grade Li_(2)co_(3)powder

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Particuology 2024年第9期92卷 263-277页

作者： Ming Zhou Lithium Industry Center Zhejiang New Era Zhongneng Technology Co.Ltd.Shaoxing312000China

This work investigates the flow and agglomeration behaviors of battery grade Li_(2)co_(3)powder and the influence of stearic acid surface *** degree of agglomeration is directly related to the uniformity of Li_(2)co_(3)and its powder *** to the Chinese National Nonferrous Metal Industry Standard,battery grade Li_(2)co_(3)powder has D50 equal to 3–8μm which belongs to a micron-sized superfine ***,with the extension of storage time,the serious agglomeration phenomenon occurs due to the large specific surface area and rough and irregular powder *** Hausner ratio(HR)of the unmodified sample increases from 1.14 to 1.41,and the corresponding flowability is classified as good to ***,among samples with doping stearic acid,the optimum amount of it is 0.10 wt%which exhibits an extremely stable HR value from 1.14 to ***,after 156 days,the repose angle(AR)obtained for samples without surface modification and using 0.10 wt%stearic acid are calculated to be 49°and 28°,*** on the values of HR and AR,the flowability of the unmodified sample is poor while the sample modified with 0.10 wt%of stearic acid still maintain excellent powder flow ***,The LiMn_(2)O_(4)cathode material synthesized from modified Li_(2)co_(3)powder with a stearic acid content of 0.10 wt%exhibits good crystallinity and comparable electrochemical performance to that prepared by commercial Li_(2)co_(3).These results indicate that stearic acid has the potential to be an ideal modifier for battery grade Li_(2)co_(3)powder that needs to be kept for a long time.

关键词： Battery grade Li_(2)co_(3)powder Flowability Surface modification Stearic acid

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Sulfur and carbon co-doped g-C_(3)N_(4)microtubes with enhanced photocatalytic H2 production activity

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Frontiers in Energy 2024年第1期18卷 110-121页

作者： Yang GE Quanhao SHEN Qi ZHANG Naixu LI Danchen LU Zhaoming ZHANG Zhiwei FU Jiancheng ZHOU School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing 211189China Shangdong Yellow Triangle Biotechnology Industry Research Institute co. Ltd.Dongying 257091China Xuzhou B&C Chemical co. Ltd.Xuzhou 221300China

Metal-free graphitic carbon nitride(g-C_(3)N_(4))has captured significant attention as a low-cost and efficient hydrogen production photocatalyst *** regulating the microstructure and accelerating the separation of photogenerated carriers remain crucial strategies for promoting the photocatalytic performance of this ***,a novel sulfur–carbon co-doped g-C_(3)N_(4)(SCCN)hierarchical microtubules filled with abundant nanosheets inside by thermal polymerization is *** nanosheets create abundant pores and cavities inside the SCCN microtubes,thereby increasing the specific surface area of g-C_(3)N_(4)and providing sufficient reactant attachment ***,the hierarchical structure of SCCN microtubules strengthens the reflection and scattering of light,and the utilization of visible light is favorably *** importantly,co-doping S and C has greatly improved the photocatalytic performance of graphitic carbon nitride,optimized the band gap structure and enhanced the photogenerated carrier ***,the SCCN exhibits a remarkable photocatalytic H_(2)evolution rate of 4868μmol/(g·h).This work demonstrates the potential of multi-nonmetal doped g-C_(3)N_(4)as the ideal photocatalyst for H2 evolution.

关键词： carbon nitride photocatalysis hydrogen production

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Advances in Polymeric Carbon Nitride Photocatalysts for Enhanced co_(2)Reduction

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China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology 2024年第2期26卷 1-12页

作者： Liu Bing Sun Shangcong Song Ye Peng Bo Lin Wei SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Processing co. Ltd.Beijing100083China

Photocatalysis has emerged as a promising alternative for converting and utilizing co_(2).Polymeric carbon nitride(PCN),typically synthesized through the one-step thermal polycondensation of nitrogen-rich precursors,has shown considerable promise due to its adjustable band structure and inherent *** the past five years,significant literature in this field has identified five primary methods for modifying PCN:morphology modulation,element doping,defect induction,co-catalyst loading,and heterojunction construction.A detailed discussion on how each modification method influences light absorption,charge separation,and surface reaction efficiencies in photocatalysis is *** on these findings,several future directions for the development of PCN-based materials are proposed,such as designing tailored PCN structures for specific photocatalytic reactions and using theoretical calculations to verify and correct results from current characterization *** the challenges associated with the large-scale synthesis of PCN materials with controllable structures and satisfactory performance,this work offers valuable insights for advancing photocatalytic PCN-based systems for large-scale solar fuel production.

关键词： carbon nitride photocatalysis co_(2)reduction modification

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