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Numerical investigation of basic oxygen furnace slag modification with gas bottom-blowing and SiO_(2) modifier

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2023年第7期30卷 1451-1460页

作者： Chang Liu Yu-feng Tian Yong-li Xiao Yong-qian Li Yang Li Guang-qiang Li Qiang Wang The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and metallurgy Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081HubeiChina Key Laboratory for Ferrous metallurgy and Resources Utilization of Ministry of Education Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081HubeiChina Ruipu Technology group Co. Ltd.Lishui 323900ZhejiangChina Central Research Institute Baoshan Iron&Steel Co.Ltd.Shanghai 201900China

To avoid the volume expansion of basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag for use in building materials, a hot slag modification process was proposed to reduce free CaO (f-CaO) in the molten slag. A transient 3D numerical model of BOF molten slag modification by SiO_(2) particles was established. The flow and heat transfer of molten slag, movement and dissolution of the modifier, and concentration distribution of f-CaO in slag during the modification of BOF were studied. The distribution of f-CaO concentration is inhomogeneous all over the molten slag. The mixing effect at the slag surface is weaker than that at the half-height plane of the slag. To consume the f-CaO below 2.0 wt.% in the slag, the optimum quantity of the SiO_(2) modifier is 10.0% of the mass of the slag. The fine SiO_(2) particles help attain a lower final mass fraction of f-CaO and a higher SiO_(2) utilization ratio.

关键词： Basic oxygen furnace slag modification SiO_(2)modifier Free CaO Discrete phase model Computational fluid dynamics

Wettability between titanium-containing steels and TiN ceramic substrate

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2023年第4期30卷 677-686页

作者： Ya-cen Deng Hao Liu Min Zhang Xu-bin Zhang Qiang-qiang Wang Sheng-ping He College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vanadium–Titanium Metallurgy and Advanced MaterialsChongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Institute of Material Engineering and Technology Pangang Group Research Institute Co.Ltd.Panzhihua 617000SichuanChina

The wettability between TiN ceramic substrates and steels with various Ti contents was studied under an argon atmosphere at 1550℃ using a modified sessile drop *** electron probe microanalyzer and thermodynamic calculations were applied to investigate the interface between the steels and the TiN substrates as well as the surface of solidified steel *** measured apparent contact angles between the TiN substrates and steels were 96°,91°,and 146°,as the Ti content in the steel samples was 0.01,0.31,and 0.68 wt.%,*** reaction products were found at the interface,and only physical interactions *** wettability between high titanium steels(0.68 wt.%Ti)and TiN ceramic substrates should be evaluated from various perspectives,as many TiN particles existing in steel made the apparent contact angle increased significantly,deviating from the true value of contact angle.

关键词： Wettability Contact angle High-Ti steel TiN ceramic

Physical Simulation of Molten Slag Granulation by Rotary Disk

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2013年第9期20卷 26-32页

作者： MIN Yi HUANG Jian LIU Cheng-jun JIANG Mao-fa YU Xue-qing School of Materials and metallurgy Northeastern University Benxi Steel group Corporation

A physical model of molten slag granulation by rotary disk was developed based on the mechanism of New-tonian liquid granulation. For geometrical similarity, the radius ratio of model disk to the prototype disk was chosen as 1 ： 1. For dynamic similarity, equality of Ohnesorge number between the model and the prototype was achieved firstly by compounding rosin and paraffin wax with mass ratio of 4 ~ 1 as simulation liquid of molten blast furnace （BF） slag, and the simulation material can satisfy the similarity of liquid solid transformation during falling in the medium; then equality of Reynolds number and Weber number was obtained by controlling the volumetric flow rate and the rotary speed, respectively. Model accuracy was verified by comparing the simulation data with the results re ported in literature, which showed good agreement with the calculation results of empirical equation and the actual molten BF slag granulation from the view point of particle size. Furthermore, influences of disk radius, rotary speed and liquid flow rate on granulation were discussed using the developed model, and the Kitamura equation was modi-fied according to the simulation data which can predict particle size more accurately. Using the modified equation, the operation parameters were predicted according to the flow rate of molten industrial BF slag.

关键词： physical model simulation liquid molten slag granulation rotary disk

A review of use of metallurgical slag for its carbonation products:processes,crystallization behavior,and application status

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2023年第12期30卷 2341-2365页

作者： Ya-jun Wang Meng-jie Tao Jun-guo Li Jian-bao Zhang Song Qin Shao-hua Liu Li-jie Peng Xiao-pei Zhang Xi Zhang Ya-nan Zeng College of metallurgy and Energy North China University of Science and TechnologyTangshan063210HebeiChina

In response to the pressing global issue of reducing carbon emissions and the crucial technical challenges of fully utilizing steel slag,researchers have been studying an accelerated carbonation process that entails the carbonation of basic oxides in steel slag to store CO_(2).However,despite its promising potential,the process has yet to see widespread industrial *** latest research progress in the area of mineral carbonation processes,both direct and indirect,that are used to capture,utilize,and store carbon in steel slag are *** the limited scale of steel slag carbonation and the underutilized products that can be derived from it,a new research focus is proposed for examining the regulation of calcium carbonate crystal forms during carbonation using the Ca source in steel *** control of synthesis variables will help to ensure accurate control of calcium carbonate precipitation in the carbonation process.A summary of the effects of synthesis variables on CaCO_(3)crystal form and the latest research findings on controlling aragonite morphology are *** review is concluded with a discussion of the potential applications and future development prospects of CaCO_(3)whiskers.

关键词： Steel slag Carbonation CaCO3 Crystallization Aragonite morphology

Simple shear extrusion versus equal channel angular pressing:A comparative study on the microstructure and mechanical properties of an Mg alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2023年第5期11卷 1769-1790页

作者： A.Rezaei R.Mahmudi C.Cayron R.E.Logé School of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering College of EngineeringUniversity of TehranNorth Kargar StreetTehran 14395-515Iran Laboratory of Thermomechanical metallurgy-PX group Chair Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(EPFL)Neuchâtel CH-2002Switzerland

Two severe plastic deformation(SPD)techniques of simple shear extrusion(SSE)and equal channel angular pressing(ECAP)were employed to process an extruded Mg-6Gd-3Y-1.5Ag(wt%)alloy at 553 K for 1,2,4 and 6 *** microstructural evolutions were studied by electron back scattered diffraction(EBSD)analysis and transmission electron microscopy(TEM).The initial grain size of 7.5μm in the extruded alloy was reduced to about 1.3μm after 6 SPD *** dynamic recrystallization was suggested to be operative in both SSE and ECAP,with also a potential contribution of continuous dynamic recrystallization at the early stages of *** difference in the shear strain paths of the two SPD techniques caused different progression rate of dynamic recrystallization(DRX),so that the alloys processed by ECAP exhibited higher fractions of recrystallization and high angle grain boundaries(HAGBs).It was revealed that crystallographic texture was also significantly influenced by the difference in the strain paths of the two SPD methods,where dissimilar basal plane texture components were *** compression tests,performed along extrusion direction(ED),indicated that the compressive yield stress(CYS)and ultimate compressive strength(UCS)of the alloys after both SEE and ECAP augmented continuously by increasing the number of ***-processed alloys had lower values of CYS and UCS compared to their counterparts processed by *** difference in the mechanical responses was attributed to the different configurations of basal planes with respect to the loading direction(ED)of each SPD technique.

关键词： Mg-Gd-Y alloys Severe plastic deformation Simple shear extrusion Equal channel angular pressing Dynamic recrystallization Mechanical properties

Al3+ doped CeO2 for proton conducting fuel cells

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International Journal of Minerals,metallurgy and Materials 2024年第10期31卷 2253-2262页

作者： Sarfraz Shahzad Rasool Muhammad Khalid M.A.K.Yousaf Shah Bin Zhu Jung-Sik Kim Muhammad Imran Asghar Nabeela Akbar Wenjing Dong Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Solar Energy Science and Technology/Energy Storage joint Research Center School of Energy and Environment Southeast University Sino-French Engineer School/School of General Engineering Beihang University Renewable Energy Technologies group Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Tampere University School of Microelectronics Hubei University

Developing high ionic conducting electrolytes is crucial for applying proton-conducting fuel cell （PCFCs） *** current study investigates the effect of alumina on the structural,morphological,electrical,and electrochemical properties of *** oxygen vacancies are induced in CeO2by a general doping concept that enables fast ionic conduction at low-temperature ranges（300–500°C） for *** refinement of the X-ray diffraction （XRD） patterns established the pure cubic fluorite structure of Aldoped CeO2（ADC） samples and confirmed Al ions’fruitful integration in the *** electronic structure of the alumina-doped ceria of the materials （10ADC,20ADC,and 30ADC） has been *** a result,it was found that the best composition of 30ADC-based electrolytes induced maximum lattice oxygen *** corresponding PCFC exhibited a maximum power output of 923 mW/cm2at 500°***,the investigation proves the proton-conducting ability of alumina-doped ceria-based fuel cells by using an oxide ion-blocking layer.

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Edge effect during microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition diamondfilm: Multiphysics simulation and experimental verification

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International Journal of Minerals,metallurgy and Materials 2024年第10期31卷 2287-2299页

作者： Zhiliang Yang Kang An Yuchen Liu Zhijian Guo Siwu Shao Jinlong Liu Junjun Wei Liangxian Chen Lishu Wu Chengming Li Institute of Advanced Materials and Technology University of Science and Technology Beijing School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering North China University of Technology Shunde Innovation School University of Science and Technology Beijing National Key Laboratory of Solid-State Microwave Devices and Circuits The 55th Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation

This study focused on the investigation of the edge effect of diamond films deposited by microwave plasma chemical vapor *** bulge height Δh is a factor that affects the edge effect,and it was used to simulate plasma and guide the diamond-film deposition ***-element software COMSOL Multiphysics was used to construct a multiphysics（electromagnetic,plasma,and fluid heat transfer fields） coupling model based on electron collision *** spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy were performed to characterize the experimental growth and validate the *** simulation results reflected the experimental trends *** discharge at the edge of the substrate accelerated due to the increase in Δh（Δh=0-3 mm）,and the values of electron density（ne）,molar concentration of H（CH）,and molar concentration of CH3(CCH3) doubled at the edge（for the special concave sample with Δh=-1 mm,the active chemical groups exhibited a decreased molar concentration at the edge of the substrate）.At Δh=0-3 mm,a high diamond growth rate and a large diamond grain size were observed at the edge of the substrate,and their values increased with Δ*** uniformity of film thickness decreased with Δ*** Raman spectra of all samples revealed the first-order characteristic peak of diamond near 1332 *** Δh=-1 mm,tensile stress occurred in all regions of the *** Δh=1-3 mm,all areas in the film exhibited compressive stress.

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Synthesis of vanadium powder by magnesiothermic reduction of V_(2)O_(3)in a reactive molten salt

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2023年第4期30卷 650-659页

作者： Da-peng Zhong Gui-shang Pei Jia-long Kang Jun-yi Xiang Cheng Pan Wu-an Gu Xue-wei Lv Lan-jie Li Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vanadium-Titanium metallurgy and New Materials Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Pangang group Research Institute Co. Ltd.Panzhihua 617000SichuanChina College of Chemical Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065SichuanChina The State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmissions Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Chengde Iron and Steel group Co. Ltd.HBIS Group Co.Ltd.Chengde 067102HebeiChina

As an important strategic metal,vanadium is generally used to prepare special steels,titanium alloys,and hydrogen storage materials.A new method of producing vanadium(metal)powder from V_(2)O_(3)using block Mg is presented *** an auxiliary molten salt,V_(2)O_(3)was successfully transformed into V by Mg *** by-product,MgO,was transformed into MgCl_(2)by adding ZrCl_(4),which prevented the generation of MgV_(2)O_(4)and allowed the reaction to proceed *** rod-like alloy phases,Zr_(0.03)V_(1.97),which formed in the presence of excess Mg,may hinder the diffusion of oxygen from the *** recovery rate of vanadium after separation and purification was approximately 45%–50%,where the main loss occurred during ball *** the optimal conditions(Mg content of 48.3%,reduction time of 1.5 h,and temperature of 850℃),the purity of vanadium exceeded 99 wt.%,and the O content decreased to 0.34 wt.%.

关键词： Deoxidation Vanadium powder Magnesiothermic reduction Molten salt

Enhancement of the nickel converter slag-cleaning operation with the addition of spent potlining

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International Journal of Minerals,metallurgy and Materials 2018年第8期25卷 881-891页

作者： Dawei Yu Kinnor Chattopadhyay School of metallurgy and Environment Central South University Canmet MINING Natural Resources Canada Process metallurgy & Modelling group Department of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Toronto

The slag cleaning(or matte settling) process was experimentally investigated at 1573 K using a fayalitic nickel converter slag containing spinel and matte/alloy *** addition of various amounts of spent potlining(SPL) was studied in terms of its influence on matte settling and the overall metal *** slags produced were characterized by scanning electron microscopy,energy-dispersive spectroscopy,and wet chemical analysis using inductively coupled plasma optical emission *** presence of solid spinel particles in the molten slag hindered coalescence and settling of matte/alloy *** settling was effectively promoted with the addition of as little as 2 wt% SPL because of the reduction of spinel by the carbonaceous component of the *** reduced viscosity of the molten slag in the presence of SPL also contributed to the accelerated matte *** metal recoveries were achieved with larger amounts of added *** reduction of the molten slag at 1573 K promoted the formation of highly dispersed metal particles/clusters via accelerated nucleation in the molten slag,which increased the overall slag *** increase in viscosity,when combined with rapid gas evolution from accelerated reduction reactions,led to slag foaming.

关键词： converter slag spent potlining matte nickel matte settling fayalite