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Growth patterns and dynamics of mud cracks at different diagenetic stages and its geological significance

International Journal of Sediment research 2014年第1期29卷 82-98页

作者： Zhen-yu ZHAO Yan-ru GUO Yan WANG Hong LIU Qing ZHANG research institute of Petroleum exploration and development research institute of Petroleum exploration & development of Changqing oilfield

This paper discusses the growth stages,spatial structures,quantitative fitting relationships among various parameters,growth patterns and influencing factors of mud cracks by field survey,core observation and SEM *** study shows that:(1) Mud crack growth can go through three stages,*** syndiagenetic stage,the burial diagenetic stage(including early diagenetic stage,middle-late diagenetic stage) and the epidiagenetic stage.(2) Quantitative fitting relationships among various parameters allow a great significance to describe the spatial structure,the regional distribution and the growth environment of mud cracks.(3) Mud crack growth has three models,such as the unilateral growth model including the linear growth pattern,the curvilinear growth pattern and the bifurcation growth pattern,the multilateral growth model including the inteisectional growth pattern,the join growth pattern and the dispersed growth pattern,and the mixed growth model including the combination of any patterns listed above.(4) Modern mud crack growth usually undergoes four *** beds in sand-mud rhythmic strata can play a lubricative role on crack growth and provide enough sandy deposits for filling cracks.(5) Mud crack growth usually produces bifurcation and bifurcation angles which are mostly 120° or 90° that are related to sediment heterogeneity and released energy.(6)Factors affecting mud crack growth cover many aspects:clay content and salinity can control the number of mud cracks in different areas;terrain can control mud crack morphology;and different sedimentary cycles can control the growth patterns and filling models of mud cracks.

关键词： Mud crack Growth pattern Geological model Lagoon Coastal sediment

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Architecture of volcanic sequence and its structural control of Yingcheng Formation in Songliao Basin

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Journal of Central South University 2014年第5期21卷 2026-2040页

作者：程日辉王腾飞沈艳杰任延广 College of Earth Sciences Jilin University research institute of exploration and development Daqing Oilfield Limited Company

Yingcheng Formation is a set of volcanic strata composed of lava rocks,volcanic clastic rocks and sedimentary rocks,filled in some fault depressions in Songliao Basin,early *** study about litho-facies succession of Yingcheng Formation in the outcropped area of the southeast margin and in Xujiaweizi fault depression and its distribution based on analysis of seismic data,shows that the sequence of volcanic strata is quite different from the clastic sedimentary *** study the architecture of volcanic sequence and its structural control of Yingcheng Formation in Songliao Basin,in this work,dividing of the volcanic sequence and dating of the sequence boundaries were finished firstly,then displacement and displacement rate of faults were *** results show that,sample ages of top of the first member,the seconde member,and the third member are 127 Ma,115 Ma,110.7 Ma,respectively and sample age of the bottom of the third member is 114.7 *** maximum displacement and displacement rate of the fault 1 are 3 km and 300 m/Ma,respectively,and those of the fault 2 are 3 km and 1000 m/*** suggest that,the cooling unit of lava rock or pyroclastic rock is a basic genetic stratigraphic unit in volcanic sequence *** units can construct a parasequence reflecting a volcanic eruption stage.A sequence was superimposed by some parasequences,responding to a volcanic active *** are three types of volcanic sequences in Yingcheng Formation: type of explosion,type of effusion and type of mixed *** surface of the volcanic sequence,an unconformity surface widely spread and traced in seismic profiles,is a base for analysis of volcanic *** development of volcanic sequence was controlled by faulting,and the curves of fault displacement(rate)can reflect this *** preservation of volcanic sequence was controlled by the type of volcanic structure and the regional subsidence,also different from that of the se

关键词： volcanic sequence stratigraphy Yingcheng Formation cooling unit structural subsidence

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Genesis of the high gamma sandstone of the Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin,China

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Petroleum Science 2013年第1期10卷 50-54页

作者： Liu Huaqing Li Xiangbo Liao Jianbo Liu Xianyang research institute of Petroleum exploration and development-Northwest research institute of exploration and development Changqing Oilfield Company

Recently, more attention has been paid on the high gamma sandstone reservoirs of the Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin, China. These high gamma sandstones have logging characteristics different from conventional sandstones, which influences the identification of sandstone reservoirs. Zhang et al （2010） proposed that the high gamma sandstones of the Yanchang Formation might be the result of re-deposition of homochronous sedimentary tufts or previous tufts as a part of the sandstone. However, we present a different viewpoint： 1） few tufts or tuff debris have been found in the high gamma sandstones of the Yanchang Formation; 2） high gamma （or high Th content） sandstones of Yanchang Formation are not related to either clay minerals or feldspar; 3） the heavy minerals in the sandstone reservoirs of the Yanchang Formation are dominated by zircon, which is characterized by abnormally high Th and U contents, up to 2,163 ppm and 1,362 ppm, respectively. This is sufficient to explain the high gamma anomaly. The conclusion is that the high gamma value of the Yanchang Formation sandstones might be caused by zircon with high Th and U contents in sandstones rather than from the tuff components.

关键词： High gamma sandstones reservoir zircon Yanchang Formation Ordos Basin

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New Discovery of Palynological Assemblage for the Shahezi Formation from Type Locality, Southeastern Songliao Basin

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2018年第1期92卷 396-397页

作者： WANG Chenglong ZHANG Meisheng LIU Xuesong SUN Kai College of Earth Sciences Jilin University Museum of Geology Jilin University exploration and development research institute of jilin oilfield Company

Objective The Shahezi Formation is the main source rock stratum during the faulting stage of the Songliao Basin,and could not be distinguished from the coal-bearing clastic member of the Yingcheng Formation in *** petroleum geologists have done a lot of research on palynostratigraphy in drill cores inside the Songliao *** understanding of the palynological assemblage

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Geological features and hydrocarbon accumulation in the Xinken oil field,Tarim Basin

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2013年第4期32卷 367-379页

作者： SONG Lichen ZHU Guangyou LIU Xingwang ZHU Yongfeng SU Jin WANG Kai research institute of Petroleum exploration and development PetroChina research institute of Petroleum exploration and development Tarim Oilfield CompanyPetroChina

Recently,a large-scale Ordovician oil and gas pool has been discovered in Xinken,north of the Tarim Basin,and it has strongly heterogeneous reservoirs and complicated fluid *** analyzing oil,gas and water samples collected from this area,in combination of field production and testing data,this study reveals that the Xinken oil pool contains dominantly normal oil characterized by low viscosity,low sulphur,and high *** has a low content of natural gas,which presents typical characteristics of wet gas and is oil-associated ***-gas correlation shows that the oil was from the Middle-Upper Ordovician source rocks and the charge and accumulation of oil and gas took place in the Late Hercynian *** by paleogeomorphology,sedimentary facies,ancient karstification,faults,and other factors in the Caledonian Period,the Ordovician carbonate reservoirs are dominated by dissolved pores,cavities and *** reservoir body of fractures and cavities is distributed in the shape of strip and laminate along faults and excellent reservoirs are mostly in the range of 70–100 m below the top of the Yijianfang *** a whole,the Xinken oil pool is a fracture-cavity pool controlled by interbedded karst reservoirs and is a complex composed of stacked karst fractures and cavities of various *** contains oil in large areas horizontally,which is quasi-laminated in distribution,and the accumulation of oil and gas is controlled by the distribution and development degree of the Ordovician carbonate *** study shows that this area has abundant resources and a great exploration potential for oil and gas.

关键词：塔里木盆地北部油气成藏地质特征碳酸盐岩储层石油伴生气油田储层控制非均质储层

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A Spore-Pollen Assemblage from the Damoguaihe Formation in the Tamutsag Basin, Mongolia and Its Geological Implication

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2014年第1期88卷 46-61页

作者： WANG Liyan WAN Chuanbiao SUN Yuewu College of Geosciences Jilin University research Center of Paleontology and Stratigraphy Jilin University exploration and development research institute of Daqing oilfield Company Limited

Based on the palynological data from Well Ta-19-36 and Well Ta-19-37 in the Ta＇nan Sag, and Well Ta-22-1 and Well Ta-21-1 in the Bayin Gobi Sag, a spore-pollen assemblage from the Damoguaihe Formation is named as Cicatricosisporites minutaestriatus- Aequitriradites spinulosus-Protopinus sp. assemblage in the Tamutsag Basin, Mongolia. The assemblage is characterized by abundant gymnosperm pollen and diverse fern spores, counted 46.35%–65.57% and 34.43%–52.58% in percentage respectively. Among the gymnosperm pollen, Pinuspollenites sp.（2.66%–16.94%）, Protopinus sp.（0–11.38%） and Protopicea sp.（0–10.81%） are dominant; and Alisporites sp., Cerebropollenites sp., Podocarpidites sp., and Abietineaepollenites sp. are common. Some important elements, such as Chasmatosporites sp., Callialasporites prominulus, Parvisaccites sp., Parcisporites sp., Jiaohepollis cf. annulatus, J. bellus, J. verus, Polycingulatisporites sp., Schizaeoisporites certus, Classopollis annulatus are seen. Within the fern spores, Osmundacidites wellamanii（0.85%–4.93%）, Appendicisporites sp.（0–4.45%）, Baculatisporites comaumensis（0.80%–2.87%）, Cicatricosisporites sp.（0.51%–2.66%）, C. minor（0–2.14%）, Foraminisporis asymmetricus（0–2.40%）, Aequitriradites sp.（0– 2.19%） and Cyathidites minor（0–2.13%） are dominant; and some specie of Densoisporites, Cooksonites, Impardecispora, Pilosisporites, Schizaeosprites, Fixisporites, Leptolepidites, Trilobosporites, Kuylisporites, Klukisporites, Hsuisporites, Couperisporites, Maculatisporites are seen. The angiosperm pollen are rare in the assemblage, characterized by Clavatipollenites sp.（0–0.80%） and Songipollis sp.（0–0.27%）. The geological age of the Damoguaihe Formation is assigned to Hauterivian – Barremian of Early Cretaceous according to the palynological data, due to the fact that there existed a lot of diverse spores of the family Schizaeaceae and prosperous gymnosperm saccat pollen which the corpus and sacci are differentiated completely, and the presence of

关键词： Paleoclimate spore-pollen assemblage Early Cretaceous Damoguaihe Formation Tamutsag Basin

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Evidence of the Near-Source Accumulation of the Tight Sandstone Gas in Northern Ordos Basin,North-Central China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2017年第5期91卷 1820-1835页

作者： YANG Zhi LI Qiyan WU Songtao LIN Senhu LIU Xinshen research institute of Petroleum exploration & development Petro China research institute of exploration and development Petro China Changqing Oilfield Company

The tight sandstone gas in Upper Paleozoic Formation of the northern Ordos Basin is a typical giant unconventional tight gas province. Evidences from geochemistry, reservoir geology and paleotectonic setting all verify that the present-day tight sandstone gas accumulation in the Ordos Basin is the result of near-source accumulation. The evidences are listed as following： tight sandstone gas is mainly distributed in the area with high gas-generating strength; gas composition was not subjected tofractionation; gas saturation significantly decreases with the distance away from the source rocks; gas isotopes suggest their origin is the same and maturity is consistent with in-place source rocks; reservoirs have experienced three types of densification digenesis, including intense compaction, siliceous cementation and calcareous cementation, which took place before the formation of a large amount of tight sandstone gas, forming tight reservoirs with low porosity and permeability, fine pore throat and great capillary resistance; the paleo-structural gradient ratio is small from the main hydrocarbon generation period to present. It is indicated the present distribution of tight sandstone gas in the northern Ordos Basin is the result of near-source and short-distance migration and accumulation.

关键词： near-source accumulation tight sandstone gas coal measures unconventional gas geochemistry

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Origin and Source of Deep Natural Gas in Nanpu sag, Bohai Bay Basin, China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2013年第4期87卷 1081-1096页

作者： ZHU Guangyou WANG Zhengjun WANG Yongjun ZHAO Jie DONG Yuexia WANG Kai LIU Yongchang WANG Jianwei research institute of Petroleum exploration and development PetroChina PetroChina Jidong oilfield

Natural gas exploration in Nanpu sag, Bohai Bay Basin, has achieved breakthroughs in recent years, and a number of natural gas and condensate wells with high yield have been found in several structures in the beach area. Daily gas production of single wells is up to 170,000 m3, and high-yield wells are mainly distributed in？the Nanpu No. 1 structural belt.？Studies have shown that these natural gases are mainly hydrocarbon gases, with methane content about 80% to 90% and ethane 6%-9%, so they are mainly wet gas; and non-hydrocarbons are at a low level.？Carbon isotopes of methane range from -42‰ to -36‰, and ethane from -28‰ to -26‰. Calculated maturity based on the relationship between δ13C and Ro of natural gas, the gases are equivalent to those generated from organic matter when Ro is 1.0%-1.7% （mainly 1.25%-1.32%）. The natural gas is oil-type gas generated from the source rocks at mature to high mature stage, associated with condensate, so carbon isotopes of the gases are heavier. Natural gas in the Nanpu No.1 structural belt is mainly associated gas with condensate. The analysis of the origin and source of natural gas and condensate, combined with the monomer hydrocarbon carbon isotopes and biomarker, indicated that the main source rocks in the Nanpu No.1 structural belt were Es3 （the lower member of the Shahejie Formation）, followed by Es1 （the upper member of the Shahejie Formation）.？The high-mature hydrocarbons from source rocks in the deep sag mainly migrated through deep inherited faults into shallow traps and accumulated to form oil and gas pools. Therefore, there is a great potential for exploring gas in deep layers.

关键词： Deep layer Natural gas Condensate Source rocks Shahejie Formation Nanpu sag,Bohai Bay Basin

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Main Controlling Factors and Dominant Reservoir Series Analysis of Es_3 in the Qibei Area of Qikou Sag

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2013年第1期87卷 219-231页

作者： PU Xiugang HAN Wenzhong HUA Shuangjun ZHANG Wei CHEN Changwei research Department of Fundamental Geology Exploration and Development Research InstituteDagang Oilfield

Based on analysis of geophysical data such as core observation, rock slices identification, physical property, scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, logging data etc., 16 factors of sedimentation, diagenesis, fluid pressure, and their relationships with reservoir physical property were analyzed, and the results indicate sedimentation is the internal factor controlling the reservoir property, diagenesis is the external and final decisive factor and abnormal fluid pressure is an important factor preserving the deep reservoir property. Quantitative characterization of diagenesis indicates that compaction and dissolution are more important than cementation and they respectively cause porosity change of-23.6% and 7.7% and -6.2%. Through optimizing 11 main controlling factors and constructing reservoir evaluation index （REI） according to the hierarchical cluster and principal component analysis, reservoir classification standard was established and reservoirs were divided into four classes. The studies show that Es~ SQ4 consists mainly of class I and II, while Es~ SQ6 is mainly of class III and II; the favorable zone is the north and south slope of Qibei sub-sag and the Liujianfang fault-nose. The successful application of the quantitative and comprehensive evaluation in the Qibei area verifies the advanced, practicable method of less artificial factor is suitable for the low porosity and permeability reservoir.

关键词： single factor analysis quantitative characterization comprehensive and quantitativereservoir evaluation Shahejie Formation Qibei area Qikou sag

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Latest Zircon U-Pb Geochronology of the Huoshiling Formation Volcanic Rocks in the Southeastern Margin of the Songliao Basin

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2017年第5期91卷 1924-1925页

作者： WANG Chenglong ZHANG Meisheng SUN Kai WANG Yini LI Xiaobo LIU Xuesong College of Earth Sciences Jilin University Changchun 130061 Jilin China exploration and development research institute of jilin oilfield Company Songyuan 138000 Jilin China

Objective The Huoshiling Formation is the earliest volcanic stratum in the Songliao Basin,composed mainly of intermediate-basic volcanic rocks,with rare *** geological age of this formation has been controversial for ... 详细信息

关键词： Pb Latest Zircon U-Pb Geochronology of the Huoshiling Formation Volcanic Rocks in the Southeastern Margin of the Songliao Basin

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