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Transition from the Sedimentary Manganese Deposit to Supergene Manganese Ore in Eastern Hebei,North China:Evidences from mineralogy and Geochemistry

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Journal of Earth Science 2025年第1期36卷 11-28页

作者： Lingtong Xu Wenchao Yu Song Jin Hua Guo Pengfei Ma Yuansheng Du Cailong Zhang State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and mineral Resources School of Earth SciencesChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430078China Innovation Center of Ore Resources exploration Technology in the Region of Bedrock Ministry of Natural Resources ofPeoplesRepublicof ChinaGuiyang 550004China Hebei Institute of Geological Survey Shijiazhuang 050081China State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology School of Earth SciencesChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430078China Geological exploration Technology Center of Hebei Bureau of Geology and mineral exploration and development Shijiazhuang 050081China

Original sedimentary manganese(Mn)deposits and supergene Mn ores are important Mn resources in ***,the geochemical information from Chinese supergene Mn ores is scarce,and the relationship between sedimentary Mn deposits and supergene Mn ores is *** this study,we collected the original Mn-bearing dolomitic sandstones(ZK20-3 drillcore)and supergene Mn ores(Longmen Section)from eastern Hebei,North China for systematic petrographic,mineralogical and geochemical *** new data help us to figure out the transformation from original Mn-bearing deposits to supergene *** main minerals of original Mn-bearing dolomitic sandstones are quartz and feldspar,with minor muscovite,dolomite,rhodochrosite,ankerite,and *** Mn-oxide ores only emerged in the middle part of the Longmen(LM)Section,and mainly contain quartz,pyrolusite,cryptomelane,todorokite and occasional *** possible transformation sequence of Mn minerals is:kutnohorite/rhodochrosite→pyrolusite(Ⅰ)→cryptomelane(todorokite)→todorokite(cryptomelane)→pyrolusite(Ⅱ).For Mn-oxide ores,Fe,Na and Si are enriched but Al,Ca,Mg and K are depleted with the enrichment of *** original and supergene ores,the total rare earth element+ytterbium(∑REY)contents range from 105.68×10^(-6)to 250.56×10^(-6)and from 18.08×10^(-6)to 176.60×10^(-6),*** Mn ores have similar slightly LREE-enriched patterns,but the purer Mn-oxide ore shows a HREE-enriched *** the middle part of the LM Section,positive Ce anomalies in Mn-oxide ores indicate the precipitation of Ce-bearing *** implies the existence of geochemical barriers,which changed p H and Eh values due to the long-time influence of groundwater.

关键词： supergene manganese ore geochemistry Gaoyuzhuang Formation North China

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Vertical variations in planar lamination of marine shale: Elucidating hydrodynamic changes during the Ordovician-Silurian transition on the Upper Yangtze Block

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2025年第01期14卷 221-244页

作者： Zhen-Sheng Shi Tian-Qi Zhou Hui-Bo Song Yong-Bin Niu Sha-Sha Sun Department of Unconventional Oil and Gas Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and DevelopmentPetroChina College of Resources and Environment Henan Polytechnic University

The hydrodynamics and their evolution on the Upper Yangtze Block during the Ordovician-Silurian transition period remain unclear. The present study is an assessment of how regional and global events may have influenced the hydrodynamic evolution based on a planar lamination investigation of the shales from the Upper Yangtze Block. Analyses of large thin sections and argon-ion polished thin sections using field emission-scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM) showed that there are four types of planar lamination, namely, silty graded planar lamination(SGPL), silt-clay graded planar lamination(SCGPL), silt-clay interlaminated planar lamination(SCIPL), and paper-like planar lamination(PPL). SGPL is formed by turbidity current with a flow speed less than 15 cm/s. SCGPL is formed by turbidity currents with a flow speed less than 15 cm/s for normal grading type and 15-25 cm/s for alternating grading type. SCIPL has a continuum of sparsely spaced type, closely spaced type, and alternating type, which is formed by bottom current with an increasing flow speed from 15 to 25 cm/s to above 25 cm/s. PPL can be divided into normal grading and composite grading types. The former is formed by vertical settling, while the latter is formed by bottom current with a flow speed of 5-15 cm/s. Vertically, types of planar lamination varied from SGPL to PPL and then SCIPL manifesting the waxing and waning of flow speed with a positive excursion at graptolite biozone Metabolograptus extraordinarius(WF4) and a negative excursion at graptolite biozone Persculptograptus persculptus(LM1). The sudden decrease in flow speed across Linxiang and graptolite biozone Paraorthograptus pacificus(WF3) and the subsequent progressive increase from graptolite biozone Akidograptus ascensus(LM2)to graptolite biozone Demirastrites triangulatus(LM6) and to graptolite biozone Stimulograptus sedgwickii(LM8) during deposition of the Ordovician-Silurian transition succession on the Upper Yangtze Block were linked to th

关键词： Planar lamination Wufeng Formation Longmaxi Formation Ocean circulation Black shale

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Estimated Ultimate Recovery and Productivity of Deep Shale Gas Horizontal Wells

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2025年第1期21卷 221-232页

作者： Haijie Zhang Haifeng Zhao Ming Jiang Junwei Pu Yuanping Luo Weiming Chen Tongtong Luo Zhiqiang Li Xinan Yu exploration and development Department Chongqing Shale Gas Exploration and Development Co.Ltd.Chongqing401120China Oil&Gas Technology Research Institute Changqing Oilfield CompanyXi’an710018China exploration and development Research Institute Zhejiang Oilfield CompanyHangzhou310023China Geological exploration and development Research Institute Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Co.Ltd.Chengdu610056China School of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering Chongqing University of Science and TechnologyChongqing401331China Technology Department Chongqing University of Science and TechnologyChongqing401331China

Pressure control in deep shale gas horizontal wells can reduce the stress sensitivity of hydraulic fractures and improve the estimated ultimate recovery(EUR).In this study,a hydraulic fracture stress sensitivity model is proposed to characterize the effect of pressure drop rate on fracture ***,a production prediction model is introduced accounting for a non-uniform hydraulic fracture conductivity *** results reveal that increasing the fracture conductivity leads to a rapid daily production increase in the early ***,above 0.50 D·cm,a further increase in the fracture conductivity has a limited effect on shale gas production *** initial production is lower under pressure-controlled conditions than that under *** extended pressure control durations,the cumulative production initially increases and then *** a fracture conductivity of 0.10 D·cm,the increase in production output under controlled-pressure conditions is~35%.For representative deep shale gas wells(Southern Sichuan,China),if the pressure drop rate under controlled-pressure conditions is reduced from 0.19 to 0.04 MPa/d,the EUR increase for 5 years of pressure-controlled production is 41.0 million,with an increase percentage of~29%.

关键词： Deep shale gas fracture stress sensitivity pressure-controlled production production prediction

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Distributions and risk assessment of heavy metals in solid waste in lead-zinc mining areas and across the soil, water body, sediment and agricultural product ecosystem in their surrounding areas

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China Geology 2025年第1期8卷 92-106页

作者： Zhi-qiang Wu Hai-ying Li Liu-yan Lü Guo-jun Liang Ting-ting Wu Jiang-xia Zhu No.117 Geological Team Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development of Guizhou ProvinceGuiyang 550023China Ecological Environment Monitoring Center of Guizhou Province Guiyang 550023China Guizhou Institute of Geological Survey Guiyang 550081China Environmental Engineering Assessment Center of Anshun City Anshun 561000China Environmental Emergency Center of Anshun City Anshun 561000China

To identify the root causes of heavy metal contamination in soils as well as prevent and control such contamination from its sources,this study explored the accumulation patterns and ecological risks of heavy metals like Cd and Pb in solid waste in mining areas and across the water body,sediment,soil and agricultural product ecosystem surrounding the mining *** on the residual solid waste samples in lead-zinc deposits in a certain area of Guizhou Province,along with samples of topsoils,irrigation water,river sediments,and crops from surrounding *** study analyzed the distributions of eight heavy metals,i.e.,Cd,As,Cr,Hg,Pb,Zn,Cu,and Ni,in the samples through field surveys and sample ***,this study assessed the contamination levels and ecological risks of heavy metals in soils,sediments,and agricultural products using methods such as the single-factor index,Nemerow composite index,and potential ecological risk *** results indicate that heavy metals in the solid waste samples all exhibited concentrations exceeding their risk screening values,with 60%greater than their risk intervention *** soils and sediments demonstrate slight and moderate comprehensive ecological risks of heavy *** single-factor potential ecological risks of heavy metals in both the soil and sediment samples decreased in the order of Hg,Cd,Pb,As,Cu,Zn,Cr,and Ni,suggesting the same sources of heavy metals in the soils and *** of the agricultural product samples exhibited over-limit concentrations of heavy metals dominated by Cd,Pb,Ni,and Cr,excluding Hg and *** agricultural product assessment using the Nemerow composite index reveals that 35%of the agricultural product samples reached the heavy metal contamination level,implying that the agricultural products from farmland around the solid waste dumps have been contaminated with heavy *** eight heavy metals in the soil,sediment,and agricultural product samples manifested hig

关键词： Lead-zinc mining area Solid waste Soil Water body Sediment Agricultural product Nemerow composite index Cd,Pb,Ni,Cr elements Heavy metal contamination Ecological risk assessment Coefficients of variation(CVs) Environmental restoration engineering

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Grounded-source short offset transient electromagnetic method:Theory and applications in deep mineral exploration

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年第2期68卷 626-638页

作者： Guoqiang XUE Xin WU Weiying CHEN Nannan ZHOU Key Laboratory of mineral Resources Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

The Transient Electromagnetic(TEM)method is a critical geophysical technique for subsurface exploration of metal ore bodies,primarily utilizing either loop or grounded *** Long Offset Transient Electromagnetic(LOTEM)method employs a grounded-source transmitter,relying on a far-source observation mode and plane wave approximation for ***,LOTEM's far-source configuration weakens signal strength,and the plane wave approximation reduces precision,limiting effective detection depth to approximately 1000 m with a comprehensive error of about 15%.Recently,we have developed the grounded-source Short Offset Transient Electromagnetic(SOTEM)method,achieving greater detection depth and accuracy within the 500–2000 m depth range,a crucial interval for mineral resource *** study explores the theoretical framework,instrumentation,data processing,and field applications of *** on a point charge element model,SOTEM accurately computes surface wave effects in EM field calculations,optimized for near-source ***-power,high-resolution,wide-bandwidth exploration equipment and an advanced three-dimensional hybrid inversion technique were also developed to enhance the method's *** of SOTEM to the deep exploration of the Zhou'an Ni-Cu-PGE deposit in Henan Province yielded high-resolution imaging of conductivity structures to about 2.5 km *** results,consistent with existing drill data,delineated mineralized ore bodies from surrounding formations,identified zones of mineralization potential,and suggested extensive resource prospects in the region.

关键词： Far-source observation Plane wave model approximation Grounded-source short-offset transient electromagnetic method Wide-bandwidth exploration equipment Three-dimensional hybrid inversion

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Distribution, characteristics, metallogenic processes and prospecting potential of terrestrial brine-type lithium deposits in the world and lithium demand situation

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China Geology 2025年第1期8卷 1-25页

作者： Dian-he Liu Cheng-lin Liu Chun-lian Wang Xiao-can Yu MNR Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and mineral Assessment Institute of Mineral ResourcesChinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China Peking University School of Earth and Space SciencesBeijing 100871China School of Earth Resources China University of Geosciences(Wuhan)Wuhan 430074China Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China

In response to the rise of the energy storage industries such as new energy vehicles and the wide application of lithium in various fields worldwide,the global demand for lithium resources has been in explosive *** order to further comprehensively understand the global supply and demand pattern,development and utilization status,genesis of ore deposits and other characteristics of lithium resources,based on the achievements of many researchers at home and abroad,this paper systematically summarized the lithium supply and demand situation,resource endowment,deposit classification and distribution,typical geological characteristics,metallogenic factors and metallogenic regularity of terrestrial brine-type lithium deposits which are the main types of development and utilization all over the *** review shows that brine-type lithium resource and(or)reserves in the plateau salt lakes are huge and play an important *** addition,the mineralization potential of the underground brine-type lithium deposit is broad *** potential resources of underground brines are enormous,and the geothermal spring water type is also worthy of *** lithium deposits are mainly controlled by the subduction and collision of regional plate tectonics,arid climate and provenance *** of the scientific research on underground brines in the future is expected to provide another significant support for the global demand for lithium resources.

关键词： Brine in plateau salt lake Underground brine Geothermal spring brine Terrestrial brine classification Lithium migration mechanism Brine genesis mineral exploration engineering Lithium enrich mechanism

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Cd Enrichment Characteristics and Bioavailability of Soil-crops in the Migration Type Geological High Background Area of Poyang Lake，Jiangxi Province

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Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science 2025年第3期46卷 1774-1782页

作者： Wen, Bang-Yong Qie, Hai-Man Gao, Yuan Jiang, Hong-Yu Zhou, Qiang-Qiang Basic Geological Survey Institute of Jiangxi Geological Survey and exploration Institute Nanchang330030 China Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Monitoring and Improving Around Poyang Lake Ministry of Natural Resources East China University of Technology Nanchang330013 China Jiangxi Nonferrous Geological mineral exploration and development Institute Nanchang330030 China

To study the accumulation characteristics and bioavailability of Cd in the soil-crop system in the migration type geologically high background area，140 groups of crops and soil samples were collected from the Jiulong area on the south bank of Poyang Lake. The results showed that the range of ω （Cd） of root soil was 0.03-0.65 mg·kg-1，with an average of 0.16 mg·kg-1，which exceeded the background value of soil in Jiangxi Province，reflecting the characteristics of high geological background of migration type. The over-standard rate of Cd in root soil was 6.43%，which was slightly polluted. Sesame had the strongest enrichment ability of Cd （404%），followed by that of peanut （146%）. The enrichment ability of rice，Camellia oleifera，and Euryale seed was medium，while that of corn was weak. The root soil ω （active Cd） was 76.8 μg·kg-1，and the bioavailability was 48.9%，among which rice was the highest with 98.6 μg·kg-1 and 59.9%，respectively. Principal component analysis （PCA） showed that root soil Cd was mainly caused by the transport and accumulation of industrial and mineral pollutants in the upstream，reflecting the characteristics of the high geological background of the transport type. Correlation showed that the active and bioavailable Cd of root soil were mainly controlled by genetic sources，indicating that the activity of exogenously imported Cd was higher，and the ecological risk was higher. © 2025 Science Press. All rights reserved.

关键词： River pollution

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Optimization of lithium extraction solar pond in Zabuye Salt Lake: Theoretical calculation combined with field experiments

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China Geology 2025年第1期8卷 26-38页

作者： Tao Ding Zhen Nie Qian Wu Jiang-jiang Yu Ling-zhong Bu Yun-sheng Wang En-yuan Xing Mian-ping Zheng Yu-bin Li MNR Key Laboratory of Saline Lake Resources and Environments Institute of Mineral ResourcesChinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China College of Engineering Tibet UniversityLhasa 850000China

This research optimized the structure of lithium extraction solar ponds to enhance the crystallization rate and yield of Li_(2)CO_(3).Using the response surface methodology in Design-Expert 10.0.3,the authors conducted experiments to investigate the influence of four factors related to solar pond structure on the crystallization of Li_(2)CO_(3) and their pairwise *** Fluid Dynamics(CFD)simulations of the flow field within the solar pond were performed using COMSOL Multiphysics software to compare temperature distributions before and after *** results indicate that the optimal structure for lithium extraction from the Zabuye Salt Lake solar ponds includes UCZ(Upper Convective Zone)thickness of 53.63 cm,an LCZ(Lower Convective Zone)direct heating temperature of 57.39℃,a CO32−concentration of 32.21 g/L,and an added soda ash concentration of 6.52 g/*** this optimized pathway,the Li_(2)CO_(3) precipitation increased by 7.34% compared to the initial solar pond process,with a 33.33% improvement in lithium carbonate crystallization *** study demonstrates the feasibility of optimizing lithium extraction solar pond structures,offering a new approach for constructing such ponds in salt *** provides valuable guidance for the efficient extraction of lithium resources from carbonate-type salt lake brines.

关键词： Salt lake Solar pond Lithium extraction Crystallization rate Box-Behnken Computational fluid dynamics Response surface Zabuye salt lake mineral exploration engineering

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High-resolution Geochemistry in the Lucaogou Formation,Junggar Basin:An Assessment of Heterogeneous Shale Resources

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2025年第1期99卷 177-193页

作者： SUN Shijie ZHANG Bin WANG Xiaomei TIAN Hua ZHANG Shuichang HOU Guiting School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Research Institute of Petroleum exploration and development PetroChinaBeijing 100083China

Controlled by fluctuating paleoclimates and sedimentary environments,the organic and inorganic features of the Lucaogou Formation exhibit strong heterogeneity in the vertical profile,challenging conventional geological *** elucidate the possible influence of heterogeneity on resource evaluation,a high-resolution sampling approach was applied to an 86.2 cm long core from the Lucaogou Formation of the Jimsar sag in the Junggar Basin.86 sets of samples were micro-drilled from the core and subjected to comparative Rock-Eval *** the classical guidelines,the organic abundance,kerogen type,and maturity of source rocks were exhaustively *** results revealed that organic richness and composition vary significantly under different sedimentary backgrounds,which in turn leads to differential hydrocarbon *** combination of hydrocarbon generation,transport,and expulsion results in peculiar patterns for hydrocarbon accumulation in the Lucaogou *** shales in the Lucaogou Formation serve as both hydrocarbon source rocks and reservoirs,with laminae being migration ***-rich dolomites in the Lucaogou Formation have a considerable hydrocarbon-generating capacity and present the characteristics of self-generation and ***,massive mudstones act purely as hydrocarbon source rocks.

关键词： unconventional resource heterogeneity Rock-Eval pyrolysis Lucaogou Formation Junggar Basin

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Spatiotemporal evolution of Ediacaran-Cambrian(ca.551–523 Ma)sponges in South China and their simulated contributions to marine oxygenation

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年第2期68卷 549-563页

作者： Yan YE Lei ZHANG Can CHEN Shan CHANG Yuhao YI Qinglai FENG State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and mineral Resources China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China School of Earth Science China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Department of Geology Lund UniversityLund 22362Sweden Institute of Sedimentary Geology Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China Key Laboratory of Deep-time Geography and Environment Reconstruction and Applications of Ministry of Natural Resources Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China Second Geological Brigade of Hubei Geological Bureau Enshi 445000China College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Hubei Normal UniversityHuangshi 435002China exploration and development Research Institute SINOPEC Jianghan Oilfield CompanyWuhan 430223China

The origin and evolution of sponges have attracted interest,not only because they are among the most basal metazoans,but also because they act as important ecological engineers in the *** research suggested that sponge groups diversified quickly during the Cambrian Series 2,while Terreneuvian sponge fossils are conspicuously rare and poorly ***,an increasing number of sponge spicules have been reported from the Ediacaran-Cambrian(E-C,ca.551–523 Ma)transitional carbonates/cherts worldwide,particularly in South China,which calls for updated *** oxygenation has been widely proposed to play a critical role in organismal evolution,but its relationship with sponges is unclear and falls into a“chicken-egg”*** this study,we summarize reported sponge spicule distributions from five E-C sections in South China to investigate the early evolutionary pattern of siliceous *** to current stratigraphic correlation,monaxons first appear in the late Ediacaran in the intrashelf basin-slope area,and then potentially expand to the continental shelf and deep basin in the lower *** these sections,the abundance,size,and diversity of monaxons increase upwards,followed by the appearance of diaxons,triaxons and then *** the uncertain affinity of the sponge fossils,it is possible that siliceous hexactinellids evolved later than siliceous demosponges,given that the earliest spicule assemblages are exclusively composed of monaxons,which commonly form bundles comparable to modern *** geochemical data from the Sifangjing section,Guizhou Province and the Yanziqiao section,Hunan Province,South China show that the appearance of sponges usually corresponds to anoxic *** addition,we applied the recently proposed Biological Pump,Oxygen and Phosphorus(BPOP)model to trace the evolution of oceanic oxygen concentrations with the radiation of *** results indicate that the possible contribution o

关键词： Cambrian Sponge Oxygenation Silicon concentration Box model

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