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为什么合声波成为了弥散极光形成的主因

Science Bulletin 2024年第5期69卷 597-600页

作者：高新亮马玖琦邵同陈瑞柯阳光陆全明 Deep Space exploration Laboratory School of Earth and Space SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China CAS Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology Hefei 230026China

Earth’s diffuse aurora(structureless auroras,5-15 s pulsations and microbursts)occurs over a broad latitude range,which arises from the collision of energetic charged particles with atoms in the upper atmosphere[1].Diffuse aurora exists for most of the time,and intensifies during geo magnetically active periods[2].Although generally not visible to the naked eyes,it is the major source of energy input into the Earth’s nightside upper atmosphere[3].During magnetospheric substorms,~100 eV to 1 keV plasmasheet particles are injected into the midnight sector *** to the conservation of the particles’first two adiabatic invariants,the particles are energized to~10-100 keV energies.A mechanism that violates the first adiabatic invariant of electrons is required to scatter them to enter the atmospheric loss cone(a small cone of angle~3°wide at the equator)[4].

关键词： Earth latitude storm

New Trends in Oil and Gas Security and Energy Transition

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China Oil & Gas 2024年第3期31卷 3-12页

作者： Sun Longde Zhang Pengcheng Jiang Hang Wang Zugang China National Petroleum Corporation CNPC Economics&Technology Research Institute Research Institute of Petroleum exploration&Development

The report on the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposes promoting green development,advancing harmonious coexistence between humans and nature,and ensuring energy *** COP282023,existing climate targets were reinforced,and a fresh accord was reached for scientifically achieving net-zero carbon *** global energy market is being transformed,with oil and gas regaining prominence in energy *** are concentrating on core competencies amidst transitions,though upstream investments show a gradual *** global carbon dioxide capture and storage(CCS)projects has witnessed a significant rise,with Direct Air Capture(DAC)technology gaining *** dioxide Capture,Utilization,and Storage(CCUS)is essential as a foundational technology for achieving dual carbon *** light of global future development goals and China’s national conditions,this article discusses the evolving trends in the international oil and gas sector alongside China’s domestic energy security *** proposes prospective trajectories for the growth of China’s oil and gas sector and measures to guide and respond to challenges during the energy transition process,providing references for decision-making in the transformation of oil and gas *** has a high level of energy self-sufficiency,with the overall energy security situation remaining ***’s oil and gas sector is seeing three-pronged progress:deepening exploration to 10,000s of meters,nano-level reservoir description,and reviving mature fields for a new *** on deep layer,deepwater,unconventional and mature oilfields,strengthening Belt and Road energy partnerships,enlarging reserves,optimizing pipeline network layout,implementing a smart risk-management ecosystem,and driving the CCUS technology revolution.

关键词： companies Transition deepening

Distribution of Radioactive Elements and Their Relation to the Radiogenic Heat Production at Jabal Kharazah Area, North Eastern Desert, Egypt

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2020年第4期8卷 155-168页

作者： Mohamed A. Shaheen exploration sector Nuclear Materials Authority Maadi Cairo Egypt

A map of radiogenic heat production RHP was constructed from airborne spectral gamma-ray data of Jabal Kharazah area, North Eastern Desert, Egypt. The study area possesses a range of RHP varying from 0.2 to 5.7 μW/m-3 with an average value 1.38 μW/m-3, while the standard deviation value is 0.7 μW/m-3. The maximum values are associated with the acidic rocks in the northeast, southeast and a small portion in the northwest zones. About 68% of the readings are higher than the average RHP value in the area, thus Jabal Kharazah area can be considered as heat production area due to the relatively high radioactive mineral concentrations. There are excellent relationships between the derived RHP and the three radioactive elements, Uranium (eU), Thorium (eTh) and Potassium (K).

关键词： Radiogenic Heat Production RHP Jabal Kharazah Area Airborne Spectral Gamma-Ray

Anomaly Models of Spatial Structures for Copper-Molybdenum Ore Deposits and their Application

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2013年第3期87卷 843-857页

作者： MA Shengming ZHU Lixin LIU Chongmin XI Mingjie TANG Shixin Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical exploration CAGS Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences

This paper discusses the enrichment and depletion regularities for porphyry coppermolybdenum ore deposits in different regions and varied deposit genetic types in the same area, taking three porphyry copper-molybdenum ore deposits （i.e., the Chengmenshan in Jiangxi, Wunugetushan in Inner Mongolia, Baishantang in Gansu） and two copper deposits in Gansu Province （the Huitongshan skarn deposit and Gongpoquan composite deposit） as case studies. The results show that porphyry Cu-Mo deposits or skarn copper deposits include both enrichment of the ore-forming elements and associated elements, and depletion of some lithophile dispersed elements, rare earth elements （REE） and some major elements. And the depleted elements vary with deposits, having generality and their own features. On a deposit scale, the positive anomalies of enriched elements and negative anomalies of depleted elements follow in a sequence to comprise regular anomaly models of spatial structures. The exploration in the Tongchang deposit in Jiangxi and Huitongshan deposit in Gansu suggests that anomaly models play a key role in the identification of mineral occurrences and deposits compared to one single enriched element anomaly. And the anomaly models exert a critical effect on the optimization of prospecting targets and their potential evaluation.

关键词： copper-molybdenum deposits enrichment and depletion anomaly models of spatial structures case studies

Forecast of natural gas supply and demand in China under the background of “Dual Carbon Targets”

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Petroleum exploration and Development 2023年第2期50卷 492-504页

作者： JIA Ailin CHENG Gang CHEN Weiyan LI Yilong PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum exploration&Development Beijing 100083China

As a kind of clean energy which creates little carbon dioxide, natural gas will play a key role in the process of achieving “Peak Carbon Dioxide Emission” and “Carbon Neutrality”. The Long-range Energy Alternatives Planning System(LEAP) model was improved by using new parameters including comprehensive energy efficiency and terminal effective energy consumption. The Back Propagation(BP) Neural Network–LEAP model was proposed to predict key data such as total primary energy consumption, energy mix, carbon emissions from energy consumption, and natural gas consumption in China. Moreover, natural gas production in China was forecasted by the production composition method. Finally, based on the forecast results of natural gas supply and demand, suggestions were put forward on the development of China’s natural gas industry under the background of “Dual Carbon Targets”. The research results indicate that under the background of carbon peak and carbon neutrality, China’s primary energy consumption will peak(59.4×10^(8)tce) around 2035, carbon emissions from energy consumption will peak(103.4×10^(8)t) by 2025, and natural gas consumption will peak(6100×10^(8)m^(3)) around 2040, of which the largest increase will be contributed by the power sector and industrial sector. China’s peak natural gas production is about(2800–3400)×10^(8)m^(3), including(2100–2300)×10^(8)m^(3)conventional gas(including tight gas),(600–1050)×10^(8)m^(3)shale gas, and(150–220)×10^(8)m^(3)coalbed methane. Under the background of carbon peak and carbon neutrality, the natural gas consumption and production of China will further increase, showing a great potential of the natural gas industry.

关键词： carbon peak and carbon neutrality energy mix carbon emissions natural gas consumption natural gas produc-tion new energy system terminal consumption scale production,supply,storage and marketing

Geological Features of the Eastern sector of the Bangong Co-Nujiang River Suture Zone:Tethyan Evolution

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2000年第2期74卷 229-235页

作者： WANG Jianping Regional Geological Survey Party Henan Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration and DevelopmentPingdingshan 467021Henan

According to an analysis of the geological features in the eastern sector of the Bangong Co-Nujiang River suture zone, the Tethyan evolution can be divided into three stages. (1) The Embryo-Tethyan stage (Pz1): An immature volcanic arc developed in Taniantaweng (Tanen Taunggyi) Range, indicating the existence of an Embryo-Tethyan ocean. (2) The Palaeo-Tethyan stage (C-T2: During the Carboniferous the northern side of the Taniantaweng Range was the main domain of the Palaeo-Tethyan ocean, in which developed flysch sediments intercalated with bimodal volcanic rocks and oceanic tholeiite, and Pemian-Early Triassic are granites were superimposed on the Taniantaweng magmatic are; on the southern side the Dêngqên-Nujiang zone started secondary extension during the Carboniferous, in which the Nujiang ophiolite developed, and the Palaeo-Tethyan ocean closed before the Middle Triassic. (3) The Neo-Tethyan stage (T3-E): During the Late Triassic the Dêngqên zone developed into a relatively matural ocean basin, in which the Dêngqên ophiolite was formed. By the end of the Triassic intraocean subduction occurred, and the ocean domain was reduced gradually, and collided and closed by the end of the Early Jurassic, forming the Yazong mélange; then the Tethyan ocean was completely closed.

关键词： Bangong Co-Nujiang River suture zone Tethyan evolution Embryo-Tethys Palaeo-Tethys Neo-Tethys

Methane in soil gas and its transfer to the atmosphere in the Yakela condensed gas field in the Tarim Basin,Northwest China

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Petroleum Science 2013年第2期10卷 183-189页

作者： Tang Junhong Wang Guojian Yin Haoyong Li Hongjun College of Materials & Environmental Engineering Hangzhou Dianzi University Wuxi Research Institute of Petroleum Geology Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and ProductionSINOPEC

In this study, by analyzing CH4 concentration and 613CCH4 in soil-gas profiles, the potentials of CH4 gas transfer from ground to atmosphere were studied at four representative sectors in the Yakela condensed gas field in the Tarim Basin, Xinjiang, China. These are： 1） the oil-gas interface sector, 2） fault sector, 3） oil-water interface sector, 4） an external area. Variation in CH4 in soil-gas profiles showed that CH4 microseepage resulted from the migration of subsurface hydrocarbon from deep-buried reservoirs to the earth＇s surface. It was found that CH4 from deep-buried reservoirs could migrate upwards to the surface through faults, fissures and permeable rocks, during which some CH4 was oxidized and the unoxidized methane remained in the soil or was emitted into the atmosphere. The lowest level of CH4 at the soil-gas profile was found at the CH4 gas-phase equilibrium point at which the CH4 migration upwards from deep-buried reservoirs and the CH4 diffusion downwards from the atmosphere met. The 613CcH4 and ethane, propane in soil gas exhibited thermogenic characteristics, suggesting the occurrence of CH4 microseepage from deep-buried reservoirs. A linear correlation analysis between CH4 concentrations in soil gas and temperature, moisture, pH, Eh, Ec and particle size of soil indicated that both soil Eh and soil temperature could affect CH4 concentration in soil gas while soil pH could indirectly influence soil methanotrophic oxidation via impacting soil Eh.

关键词： Soil gas CH4 concentration carbon isotope microseepage oil reservoir

Reappraising the P-T evolution of the Rogaland-Vest Agder sector,southwestern Norway

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Geoscience Frontiers 2017年第1期8卷 1-14页

作者： Eleanore Blereau Tim E.Johnson Chris Clark Richard J.M.Taylor Peter D.Kinny Martin Hand Department of Applied Geology The Institute for Geoscience Research(TIGeR)Curtin University Centre for Tectonics Resources and Exploration(TRaX)School of Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of Adelaide

The Rogaland-Vest Agder sector of southwestern Norway comprises high-grade metamorphic rocks intruded by voluminous plutonic bodies that include the ~1000 km^2 Rogaland Igneous Complex（RIC）.New petrographic observations and thermodynamic phase equilibria modelling of three metapelitic samples collected at various distances（30 km,10 km and ~ 10 m） from one of the main bodies of RIC anorthosite were undertaken to assess two alternative P-T-t models for the metamorphic evolution of the *** results are consistent with a revised two-phase *** metamorphism followed a clockwise P-T path reaching peak conditions of ~ 850-950 ℃ and ~7-8 kbar at ~1035 Ma followed by high-temperature decompression to ~5 kbar at ~950 Ma,and resulted in extensive anatexis and melt loss to produce highly residual *** emplacement of the RIC at ~930 Ma caused regional-scale contact metamorphism that affected country rocks 10 km or more from their contact with the *** thermal overprint is expressed in the sample proximal to the anorthosite by replacement of sillimanite by coarse intergrowths of cordierite plus spinel and growth of a second generation of garnet,and in the intermediate（10 km） sample by replacement of sapphirine by coarse intergrowths of cordierite,spinel and *** formation of late biotite in the intermediate sample may suggest the rocks retained small quantities of melt produced by regional metamorphism and remained at temperatures above the solidus for up to 100 *** results are more consistent with an accretionary rather than a collisional model for the Sveconorwegian Orogen.

关键词： UHTPhase equilibria modellingRogaland Igneous ComplexTHERMOCALCSveconorwegian Orogen

Invasion and Morphological Variation of the Non- Indigenous Barnacle Chthamalus challengeri(Hoek, 1883) in Yangshan Port and its Surrounding Areas

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2015年第3期14卷 575-583页

作者： LIU Yan XUE Junzeng LIN Junda WU Huixian Key Laboratory of exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources Shanghai Ocean UniversityMinistry of Education Department of Biological Sciences Florida Institute of Technology

Invasive species generally possess unique characteristics that allow them to survive the invasion process in order to es- tablish and spread in new habitats. Successful invaders must resist both physical and physiological stresses associated with the changing environment. A common littoral barnacle, Chthamalus challengeri Hoek, 1883 （Crustacea, Cirripedia）, which is native to Japan, South Korea and northern China, has become established in the high-littoral zone adjacent to Yangshan Port, Shanghai, China. A comparison of the morphology of Chthamlus species from Zhoushan archipelago with previous description indicates the occur- rence of C. challengeri. The new immigrant becomes a dominant species in certain high-intertidal habitats of the adjacent area to of Yangshan Port. C. challengeri was found in part of sampling sites in Zhoushan in 2010; however, it dispersed to all the eleven sam- piing sites in 2012. Densities of *** had increased over 10 times in the last 2 years, with the highest mean value reaching 39533 ± 6243 ind. m-2 in the new habitat. The specific ratios of both operculum area （Sa） to base area （SA） and average height of pa- rietal plates （H） to length of base （L） revealed that C. challengeri displays morphological changes to resist stronger currents in the new habitats for invasion.

关键词： Chthamalus challengeri marine alien species morphological variation Yangshan Port invasion