检索结果-南通市图书馆

Journal of Arid Land 2016年第1期8卷 60-76页

作者： WANG Yamin FENG Qi KANG Xingcheng Alxa Desert Eco-hydrology experimental Research station Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Long-term temperature variability has significant effects on runoff into the upper reaches of inland rivers. This paper developed a tree-ring chronology of Qilian juniper (Sabina przewalskii Kom.) from the upper tree-line of the middle Qilian Mountains within the upper reaches of Heihe River Basin, Northwest China for a long-term reconstruction of temperature at the study site. In this paper, tree-ring chronology was used to examine climate-growth associations considering local climate data obtained from Qilian Meteorological station. The results showed that temperatures correlated extremely well with standardized growth indices of trees (r=0.564, Pth century. Colder events and intervals coincided with wet or moist conditions in and near the study region. The reconstructed temperature agreed well with other temperature series reconstructed across the surrounding areas, demonstrating that this reconstructed temperature could be used to evaluate regional clima

关键词： tree-ring climatic response temperature reconstruction upper reaches of Heihe River Basin

Impacts of nitrogen and zeolite managements on yield and physicochemical properties of rice grain

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2016年第5期9卷 93-100页

作者： Wu Qi Xia Guimin Chen Taotao Chi Daocai Jin Ye Sun Dehuan College of Water Conservancy Shenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang 110866China experimental Irrigation station Water Conservancy Bureau of DonggangDandong 118000China

Zeolite(Z)can hold soil water and nutrient to obtain a higher yield on introduction into moist ***,the effects of Z and nitrogen(N)managements on rice grain quality is ***,the effects of different amounts of Z(Z0:0 t/hm^(2);Z0.9 and Z0.22:10 t/hm^(2)in different particle sizes of 0.45-0.9 mm and 0.17-0.22 mm in diameter)and N(N0,N52.5,N105,N157.5:0 kg/hm^(2),52.5 kg/hm^(2),105 kg/hm^(2),157.5 kg/hm^(2)),and Z(Z0,Z10:0 t/hm^(2),10 t/hm^(2))and application frequencies of N on rice yield and grain quality were investigated in 2014 and 2015 in Northeast coastal region of China where Z10 was extended to use in large *** showed that both N and Z applications significantly increased the yields of rough rice(RRY),brown rice,milled rice and head ***,there was no significant difference between Z0.9 and *** chalkiness area,length-width ratio and head rice rate were not influenced by Z and N ***,Z application significantly decreased the chalk rate and slightly increased amylose content(AC)but mattered little to taste value(TV)of rice and rice cooking quality.N could significantly increase rice protein content(PC)but lessen the TV and breakdown value;the order of influence degree on rice yield increasing was as follows:CRF2(third-split fertilization with Z10),CRF1(basal fertilization one time with Z10),U2(urea:third-split fertilization without Z)and U1(basal fertilization one time without Z).Both CRF1 and CRF2 greatly enhanced the ***,CRF1 was recommended for clear decrease in labor and fuel for *** with treatments of U1 and CRF1,CRF2 and U2 significantly decreased the *** exhibited significant negative relation to TV and greatly determined the rice eating quality and cooking quality.

关键词： rice grain quality rice yield nitrogen zeolite physicochemical property

Mulching with plastic film improved the root quality of summersown sweet potato(Ipomoea batatas(L).Lam.)in northern China

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2019年第5期18卷 982-991页

作者： HOU Fu-yun DONG Shun-xu XIE Bei-tao ZHANG Hai-yan LI Ai-xian WANG Qing-mei Crop Research Institute Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Scientific Observation and Experimental Station of Tuber and Root Crops in Huang-Huai-Hai RegionMinistry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs

The root quality of sweet potato cultivated during the summer season is poor in northern China;thus,this study was conducted to determine whether root quality could be improved through mulching with plastic film(MPF).The effect of MPF on root starch and its composition,the activity of starch synthesis enzymes,and other quality-related parameters were investigated in two purple flesh sweet potato cultivars,Jishu 18 and Ayamurasaki(Aya).The results indicated that root dry matter,anthocyanin content,adenosine triphosphate(ATP),and starch content were higher in both cultivars under the MPF treatment than those under the control *** root adenosine diphosphate glucose pyrophosphorylase/uridine diphosphate glucose pyrophosphorylase(ADPGPPase/UDPGPPase)activity and adenosine triphosphatease(ATPase)activity were increased using ***,under the MPF treatment,the amylose content,soluble sugar content,and granule-bound synthase(GBSS)activity increased in Jishu 18 but decreased in Aya,and the amylopectin content,protein content,and soluble starch synthase(SSS)activity decreased in Jishu 18 but increased in ***,MPF seems benifit to improve the quality of sweet potato,but the effects of this treatment condition may be dependent on the cultivar.

关键词： mulching with plastic film summer-sown sweet potato root quality starch

Soil Microbiological and Biochemical Properties as Affected by Different Long-Term Banana-Based Rotations in the Tropics

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Pedosphere 2015年第6期25卷 868-877页

作者： ZHONG Shuang ZENG Huicai JIN Zhiqiang Haikou experimental station Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences Hainan Key Laboratory of Banana Genetic Improvement Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences

Soil microbiological and biochemical properties under various field crop rotations such as grains, pastures and vegetables have been studied intensively under short-term period. However, there is limited information about the influence of banana-based rotations on soil organic C, total N(TN), microbial biomasses and enzyme activities under long-term crop rotations. A field experiment arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replicates was carried out at the Wanzhong Farm in Ledong(18?37′–18?38′N, 108?46′–108?48′E), Hainan Province, China, to compare the responses of these soil parameters to long-term(10-year) banana(Musa paradisiaca)-pineapple(Ananas) rotation(AB), banana-papaya(Carica) rotation(BB) and banana monoculture(CK) in a conventional tillage system in the Hainan Island. Soil p H, total organic C(TOC), dissolved organic C(DOC), TN, total P(TP) and available P(AP) were found to be significantly higher(P < 0.01) in AB and BB than CK at 0–30 cm soil depth. Microbial biomass C(MBC) and N(MBN) were observed 18.0%–35.2% higher in AB and 8.6%–40.5% higher in BB than CK at 0–30 cm. The activities of urease(UA), invertase(IA), dehydrogenase(DA) and acid phosphatase(APA) showed a mean of 21.5%–59.6% increase in AB and 26.7%–66.1% increase in BB compared with CK at 0–30 cm. Higher p H, TOC and DOC at 0–10 and 10–20 cm than at 20–30 cm were obtained despite of the rotations. Soil MBC and MBN and activities of UA, IA and DA decreased markedly(P < 0.01) with increasing soil depth in the different rotation soils as well as the monoculture soil. In general, soil microbial biomass and enzymatic activities were more sensitive to changes in banana-based rotations than soil chemical properties, and consequently they were well-established as early indicators of changes due to crop rotations in the tropics.

关键词： crop rotations enzymatic activities microbial biomass monoculture soil chemical properties

Comparison of Submicron Particles at a Rural and an Urban Site in the North China Plain during the December 2016 Heavy Pollution Episodes

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Meteorological Research 2018年第1期32卷 26-37页

作者： Xiaojing SHEN Junying SUN Xiaoye ZHANG Yangmei ZHANG Yaqiang WANG Kaiyan TAN Peng WANG Lu ZHANG Xuefei QI Haochi CHE Zhouxiang ZHANG Junting ZHONG Huarong ZHAO Sanxue REN State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather/Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of China Meteorological Administration Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Integrated Ecological–Meteorological Observation and experimental station Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Longfengshan Atmospheric Background Regional station Heilongjiang Provincial Meteorological Bureau

An extensive field experiment for measurement of physical and chemical properties of aerosols was conducted at an urban site in the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences（CAMS） in Beijing and at a rural site in Gucheng（GC）, Hebei Province in December 2016. This paper compares the number size distribution of submicron particle matter（PM1, diameter 〈 1 μm） between the two sites. The results show that the mean PM1 number concentration at GC was twice that at CAMS, and the mass concentration was three times the amount at CAMS. It is found that the accumulation mode（100–850 nm） particles constituted the largest fraction of PM1 at GC, which was significantly correlated with the local coal combustion, as confirmed by a significant relationship between the accumulation mode and the absorption coefficient of soot particles. The high PM1 concentration at GC prevented the occurrence of new particle formation（NPF） events, while eight such events were observed at CAMS. During the NPF events, the mass fraction of sulfate increased significantly, indicating that sulfate played an important role in NPF. The contribution of regional transport to PM1 mass concentration was approximately 50% at both sites, same as that of the local emission. However, during the red-alert period when emission control took place, the contribution of regional transport was notably higher.

关键词： particle number size distribution new particle formation severe haze-fog events Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area Jing-Jin-Ji region submicron particles

Reflectance signature on sunlit crown of conifers

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Science China(Technological Sciences) 1997年第6期40卷 623-630页

作者：王锦地李小文项月琴 Institute of Remote Sensing Application Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China experimental station for Agro-ecology and Technique Institute of Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China

Based on the field measurements of the reflected radiation distribution on sunlit crown surface and crown structure, the analytical approximation model of path-scattering of light in a homogeneous layer is applied to the calculation of the reflectance signature of sunlit crown. The reflectance on the sunlit crown surface is considered as the weighted sum of the direct-to-hemisphere reflectance and the hemisphere-to-hemisphere reflectance. The validation results show that the calculated reflectance signature fits the field measurement very well This paper presents details of the validation and the feasibility of the model application to nonuniform medium, such as tree crown canopies.

关键词： canopy structure path-scattering radiation reflectance signature.

Nighttime sap flow and its driving forces for Populus euphratica in a desert riparian forest, Northwest China

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Arid Land 2015年第5期7卷 665-674页

作者： SI Jianhua FENG Qi YU Tengfei ZHAO Chunyan Alxa Desert Eco-hydrology experimental Research station Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of Sciences Gansu Hydrology and Water Resources Engineering Center

Nighttime sap flow is a potentially important factor that affects whole-plant water balance and water-use efficiency （WUE）. Its functions include predawn disequilibrium between plant and soil water potentials as well as between the increments of oxygen supply and nutrient uptake. However, main factors that drive nighttime sap flow remain unclear, and researches related to the relationship between nighttime sap flow velocity and environmental factors are limited. Accordingly, we investigated the variations in the nighttime sap flow of Populus euphratica in a desert riparian forest of an extremely arid region, Northwest China. Results indicated that P. euphratica sap flow occurred throughout the night during the growing season because of the partial stomata opening. Nighttime sap flow for the P. euphratica forest accounted for 31%-47% of its daily sap flow during the growing season. The high value of nighttime sap flow could be the result of high stomatal conductance and could have significant implications for water budgets. Throughout the whole growing season, nighttime sap flow velocity of P. euphratica was positively correlated with the vapor pressure deficit （VPD）, air temperature and soil water content. We found that VPD and soil water content were the main driving factors for nighttime sap flow of P. euphratica.

关键词： nighttime sap flow stomatal conductance vapor pressure deficit driving factors desert riparian forest

Microcystis aeruginosa/Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes interaction effects on off-flavors in algae/bacteria co-culture system under different temperatures

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第5期27卷 38-43页

作者： Xi Yang Ping Xie Yunzhen Yu Hong Shen Xuwei Deng Zhimei Ma Peili Wang Min Tao Yuan Niu Donghu experimental station of Lake Ecosystems State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of ChinaInstitute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan Fisheries Science Research Institute The University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

We conducted an experiment to study the interaction effects of Microcystis aeruginosa and Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes on off-flavors in an algae/bacteria co-culture system at three temperatures（24, 28 and 32℃）. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was applied to measure off-flavor compounds dimethyl sulfide（DMS）, dimethyl trisulfide（DMTS）,2-methylisoborneol, geosmin（GEO） and β-cyclocitral. During the lag phase of co-cultured M. aeruginosa（first 15 days）, P. pseudoalcaligenes significantly increased the production of DMS, DMTS and β-cyclocitral at all three temperatures. In the exponential phase of co-cultured M. aeruginosa（after 15 days）, M. aeruginosa became the main factor on off-flavors in the co-culture system, and β-cyclocitral turned to the highest off-flavor compound. These results also indicated that DMS, DMTS and β-cyclocitral were the main off-flavor compounds in our M. aeruginosa/P. pseudoalcaligenes co-culture system. Univariate analysis was applied to investigate the effects of M. aeruginosa and P. pseudoalcaligenes on the production of off-flavors. The results demonstrated that both M. aeruginosa and P. pseudoalcaligenes could increase the production of DMS and DMTS, while β-cyclocitral was mainly determined by M. aeruginosa. Our results also provide some insights into understanding the relationship between cyanobacteria and heterotrophic bacteria.

关键词： Co-culture system Microcystis aeruginosa Off-flavors Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes

Decrease of NH_4^+-N by bacterioplankton accelerated the removal of cyanobacterial blooms in aerated aquatic ecosystem

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013年第11期25卷 2223-2228页

作者： Xi Yang Ping Xie Zhimei Ma Qing Wang Huihui Fan Hong Shen Donghu experimental station of Lake Ecosystems State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan Fisheries Science Research Institute The University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

We used aerated systems to assess the influence of the bacterioplankton community on cyanobacterial blooms in algae/post-bloom of Lake Taihu, China. Bacterioplankton community diversity was evaluated by polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis （PCR-DGGE） fingerprinting. Chemical analysis and nitrogen dynamic changes illustrated that NH4＋-N was nitrified to NO2^--N and NO3^--N by bacterioplankton. Finally, NHa^＋-N was exhausted and NO3^--N was denitrified to NO2^--N, while the accumulation of NO2^--N indicated that bacterioplankton with completely aerobic denitrification ability were lacking in the water samples collected from Lake Taihu. We suggested that adding completely aerobic denitrification bacteria （to denitrify NO2^--N to N2） would improve the water quality. PCR-DGGE and sequencing results showed that more than 1/3 of the bacterial species were associated with the removal of nitrogen, and Acidovorax temperans was the dominant one. PCR-DGGE, variation of nitrogen, removal efficiencies of chlorophyll-a and canonical correspondence analysis indicated that the bacterioplankton significantly influenced the physiological and biochemical changes of cyanobacteria. Additionally, the unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic means revealed there was no obvious harm to the microecosystem from aeration. The present study demonstrated that bacterioplankton can play crucial roles in aerated ecosystems, which could control the impact of cyanobacterial blooms in eutrophicated fresh water systems.

关键词： cyanobacterial blooms PCR-DGGE bacterioplankton community aerated ecosystem

Changes in soil organic carbon and aggregate stability after conversion to conservation tillage for seven years in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain of China

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第6期14卷 1202-1211页

作者： SHU Xin ZHU An-ning ZHANG Jia-bao YANG Wen-liang XIN Xiu-li ZHANG Xian-feng State experimental station of Agro-Ecosystem in Fengqiu State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture/Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Soil aggregate stability and organic carbon（OC） are regarded as effective indicators of soil structure and quality. A longterm field experiment was established in 2006 to examine the influence of tillage systems on soil aggregation and OC in a sandy loam soil in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain of China. The study involved eight treatments： plowing every year with（TS） and without residue（T）, plowing every 2 years with（2TS） and without residue（2T）, plowing every 4 years with（4TS） and without residue（4T）, and no plowing with（NTS） and without residue（NT）. In 2013, soil samples were collected at depths of 0–5, 5–10 and 10–20 cm, and separated into three aggregate-size classes： macroaggregates（〉250 μm）, microaggregates（53–250 μm） and the silt＋clay fraction（〈53 μm） using wet sieving method. Soil parameters measured were water-stable aggregates, geometric mean diameter（GMD）, mean weight diameter（MWD） and OC concentrations in different aggregate-size fractions and in bulk soil. The tillage treatments significantly（P〈0.05） influenced soil aggregate stability and OC distribution. Higher MWD and GMD were observed in 2TS, 4TS and NTS as compared to T. With increasing soil depth, the amount of macroaggregates and MWD and GMD values were increased, while the proportions of microaggregates and the silt＋clay fraction were declined. The OC concentrations in different aggregate fractions at all soil depths followed the order of macroaggregates〉microaggregates〉silt＋clay fraction. In the 0–5 cm soil layer, concentrations of macroaggregateassociated OC in 2TS, 4TS and NTS were 14, 56 and 83% higher than for T, whereas T had the greatest concentration of OC associated with the silt＋clay fraction in the 10–20 cm layer. Soil OC concentrations under 4TS and NTS were significantly higher（P〈0.05） than that of T in the 0–10 cm layer. Residue retention promoted formation of macroaggregates, increased macroaggregate-associated OC concentrations and thus increased total soil OC stock. The macroaggregate-

关键词： aggregate conservation residue sequestration aggregation depths proportions declined wheat concluded