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Molecular and cellular mechanisms of neuroprotection by oligopeptides from snake venoms

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BIOCELL 2024年第6期48卷 897-904页

作者： CARLOS ALBERTO-SILVA BRENDA RUFINO DA SILVA Natural and Humanities Sciences Center Experimental Morphophysiology LaboratoryFederal University of ABC(UFABC)São Bernardo do CampoSão PauloBrazil

Venom snake-derived peptides have multiple biochemical,pharmacological,and toxicological proﬁles,allowing for the discovery of new medicinal products and therapeutic *** review speciﬁcally examines the fundamental elements of neuroprotection offered by different oligopeptides derived from snake *** also includes a brief evaluation of short peptides that are being considered as potential therapeutic ***-rich peptides and tryptophyllin family peptides isolated from the crude venom of Viperidae family snakes,speciﬁcally Bothrops atrox,Bothrops jararaca,and Bothrops moojeni,have been shown to have pro-survival properties,the ability to reduce oxidative stress,and the ability to promote cell viability and mitochondrial *** signiﬁcant mechanisms are related to the neuroprotection mediated by snake venom oligopeptides:(1)Activation of the L-arginine metabolite pathway,such as polyamines from ornithine metabolism,which reduces N-methyl-D-aspartate(NMDA)-type glutamate receptor activity;(2)Enhancement of cell viability by activating the nerve growth factor-signaling pathway;and(3)Activation of the Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtype M1(mAChR-M1).These small peptides show promise as neuroprotective agents against a variety of neurodegenerative disorders.

关键词： Neuroprotective peptides Neurodegenerative disease Oxidative stress Reactive oxygen species Biopeptides

Surface engineering of 1D nanocatalysts for value-added selective electrooxidation of organic chemicals

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1327-1336页

作者： Yongping Yang Chuhao Liu Tinglu Song Mufan Li Zipeng Zhao Beijing Key laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications Experimental Center of Advanced MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Beijing National laboratory for Molecular Sciences College of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Electrolytic water splitting by renewable energy is a technology with great potential for producing hydrogen(H_(2))without carbon emission,but this technical route is hindered by its huge energy(electricity)cost,which is mainly wasted by the anode oxygen evolution reaction(OER)while the value of the anode product(oxygen)is very *** the high-energy-cost OER with a selective organic compound electrooxidation carried out at a relatively lower potential can reduce the electricity cost while producing value-added ***,H_(2) generation coupled with synthesis of value-added organic compounds faces the challenge of low selectivity and slow generation rate of the anodic ***-dimensional(1D)nanocatalysts with a unique morphology,well-defined active sites,and good electron conductivity have shown excellent performance in many electrocatalytic *** rational design and regulation of 1D nanocatalysts through surface engineering can optimize the adsorption energy of intermediate molecules and improve the selectivity of organic electrooxidation ***,we summarized the recent research progress of 1D nanocatalysts applied in different organic electrooxidation reactions and introduced several different fabrication strategies for surface engineering of 1D ***,we focused on the relationship between surface engineering and the selectivity of organic electrooxidation reaction ***,future challenges and development prospects of 1D nanocatalysts in the coupled system consisting of organic electrooxidation and hydrogen evolution reactions are briefly outlined.

关键词： hydrogen generation organic compound electrooxidation one-dimensional(1D)nanocatalysts surface engineering selectivity

Atomically precise Ru-O-Ru clusters for enhanced water dissociation in alkaline hydrogen evolution

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Nano Research 2024年第8期17卷 6993-7000页

作者： Dong Liu Li Xu Sicheng Li Airong Xu Yuanhua Sun Tong Liu Mengyuan Liu Huijuan Wang Xiaokang Liu Tao Yao Tao Ding Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale School of Nuclear Science and TechnologyKey Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent ChemistryNational Synchrotron Radiation LaboratoryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230029China experimental Center of Engineering and Materials Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

Atomic clusters typically exhibit distinctive electronic structures and physicochemical ***,as the size decreases,their ability to adsorb and dissociate water also diminishes,thereby affecting chemical reactions involving water *** the adsorption and dissociation capabilities of atomic clusters towards water molecules and elucidating the mechanisms underlying their performance enhancement have become important research ***,employing the carrier-anchored strategy,Ru-O-Ru atomic clusters were prepared and displayed excellent activity and durability in the hydrogen evolution ***,the Ru-O-Ru atomic clusters exhibited only 86 mV overpotential at 100 mA·cm−^(2) and superior membrane-electrode-assembly activity than commercial Ru/C *** radiation-based Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic measurements revealed that the modification of oxygen in Ru-O-Ru units promoted the reorientation of water molecules from a H-up orientation to H-down,therefore,enhanced the formation of strong hydrogen-bond network of interfacial water on the surface of Ru-O-Ru clusters,leading to enhanced adsorption and dissociation of water and accelerated Volmer *** findings provide a potential strategy and deep insights for the development of atomic clusters in electrocatalysts.

关键词： hydrogen evolution in-situ Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) Ru catalysts electrocatalysis atomic clusters

Microstructure and texture evolution of Cu–Cr–Co–Ti alloys during the two-stage cryorolling

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Rare Metals 2024年第9期43卷 4535-4547页

作者： Jia-Jun Zhang Long-Jian Li Zhi-Feng Liu Zong-Ning Chen En-Yu Guo Hui-Jun Kang Ren-Geng Li Tong-Min Wang Key laboratory of Solidification Control and Digital Preparation Technology (Liaoning Province) School of Materials Science and EngineeringDalian University of Technology Center of Hyper-Gravity experimental and Interdisciplinary Research Zhejiang University Ningbo Institute of Dalian University of Technology！Ningbo315000 China Key laboratory for Light-Weight Materials Nanjing Tech University

This study entailed an investigation of the mechanical properties, microstructural and texture orientation evolutions of CuDCrDCoDTi alloys prepared via twostage cryorolling and intermediate aging treatment. To this end, X-ray diffraction and electron backscatter diffraction were employed. The results indicate that the two-stage cryorolling and intermediate aging treatments led to the development of profuse twin bundles and significantly enhanced the mechanical properties. The initial cryorolling led to coplanar slip and developed a strong Y({111} ) orientation, accelerating the formation of Goss({011} ) orientation and a Brass-type *** intermediate aging treatment relieved the restriction on dislocation slip and reoriented the grains toward the Copper({112} ) and Z({111} ) *** Z orientation, with a relatively high volume fraction,dominated the macrotexture. Secondary cryorolling intensified twinning and shear banding, transforming the Copper-type shear bands into Brass-type shear bands with rhomboidal prism morphology. The areas inside the Brasstype shear bands exhibited a Y orientation, and the areas outside the shear bands exhibited a stable Brass-type texture. The evident decrease in the weighted Schmid factors demonstrated that the two-stage cryorolling and intermediate aging treatment can modify the texture evolution and aid the design of high-performance Cu alloys.

关键词： Copper alloys Electron backscatter diffraction Macrotexture evolution Schmid factor Two-stage cryorolling

Vacancy healing for stable perovskite solar cells via bifunctional potassium tartrate

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第1期88卷 64-70,I0002页

作者： Jing Dou Yue Ma Xiuxiu Niu Wentao Zhou Xueyuan Wei Jie Dou Zhenhua Cui Qizhen Song Tinglu Song Huanping Zhou Cheng Zhu Yang Bai Qi Chen experimental Centre for Advanced Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Beijing Key laboratory for Theory and Technology of Advanced Battery Materials Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of EducationBIC-ESATSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Perovskite solar cell has gained widespread attention as a promising technology for renewable ***, their commercial viability has been hampered by their long-term stability and potential Pb leakage. Herein, we demonstrate a bifunctional passivator of the potassium tartrate(PT) to address both challenges. PT minimizes the Pb leakage in perovskites and also heals cationic vacancy defects, resulting in improved device performance and stability. Benefiting from PT modification, the power conversion efficiency(PCE) is improved to 23.26% and the Pb leakage in unencapsulated films is significantly reduced to 9.79 ppm. Furthermore, the corresponding device exhibits no significant decay in PCE after tracking at the maximum power point(MPP) for 2000 h under illumination(LED source, 100 mW cm^(-2)).

关键词： Perovskite Potassium tartrate Lead leakage Long-term stability

Cardioprotective effects of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists in heart failure: Myth or truth?

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第5期15卷 818-822页

作者： Lorenzo Nesti Domenico Trico Department of Clinical and experimental Medicine University of PisaPisa 56126Italy laboratory of Metabolism Nutritionand AtherosclerosisUniversity of PisaPisa 56126Italy

Therapy with glucagon-like peptide 1(GLP1)receptor agonists has raised great interest for its beneficial cardiovascular effects in preventing atherosclerosis and heart failure-related ***,while evidence about atherosclerosis consistently suggests a cardioprotective potential with class effect,controversies remain on its impact on heart ***1 receptor agonists appear to prevent hospitalization for new-onset heart failure and reduce symptoms in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction(as demonstrated by the recent STEP-HFpEF Trial).Still,GLP1 agonism has resulted in neutral or even harmful effects in patients with established heart failure with reduced ejection fraction(the LIVE trial).GLP1 receptor agonists benefit the cardiovascular system indirectly through their marked metabolic effects(improved weight management,glycemic control,blood pressure,systemic and tissue inflammation),while direct effects on the heart have been ***,weight loss alone achieved through GLP1 receptor agonists has failed in improving left ventricular *** is a dual agonist of GLP1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide,representing an innovative treatment option in diabetes with a major impact on weight loss and promising cardiovascular *** this class of therapies is going to change the history of heart failure is an ongoing debate.

关键词： Atherosclerosis Cardiovascular system Glucagon-like peptide-1 Heart failure Tirzepatide Type 2 diabetes Ventricular function Left

Chatter suppression techniques in milling processes:A state of the art review

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第7期37卷 1-23页

作者： Zhenmin LI Qinghua SONG Peijian JIN Zhanqiang LIU Bing WANG Haifeng MA Key laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture Ministry of EducationSchool of Mechanical EngineeringShandong UniversityJinan 250061China National Demonstration Center for experimental Mechanical Engineering Education Shandong UniversityJinan 250061China

Chatter in the machining system can result in a decrease in tool life,poor surface finish,conservative cutting parameters,*** many review papers promoting the understanding and research of this area,chatter suppression techniques are generally discussed within limited pages in the framework of comprehensive chatter-related *** recent years,the developments of smart materials,advanced sensing techniques,and more effective control strategies have led to some new progress in chatter ***,the widely used thin-walled parts present more and more severe machining challenges in their milling *** the above deficiencies,this paper summarizes the current state of the art in milling chatter *** classifications of chatter suppression techniques are proposed according to the working principle and control *** on the new classified framework,the mechanism and comparisons of different chatter suppression strategies are ***,the current challenges and potential tendencies of milling chatter suppression techniques are ***,integration,compactness,adaptability to workpiece geometry,and the collaboration of multiple control methods are predicted to be important trends in the future.

关键词： Active control Chatter suppression Damping Milling Regenerative effect

CD97 inhibits osteoclast differentiation via Rap1a/ERK pathway under compression

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International Journal of Oral Science 2024年第1期16卷 134-144页

作者： Xuan Zhou Xinjia Cai Fengyang Jing Xuefen Li Jianyun Zhang Heyu Zhang Tiejun Li Department of Oral Pathology Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology&National Center of Stomatology&National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases&National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology&Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology&Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health&NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental MaterialsBeijingChina Research Unit of Precision pathologic Diagnosis in Tumors of the Oral and Maxillofacial Regions Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(2019RU034)BeijingChina Central laboratory Peking University School and Hospital of StomatologyBeijingChina

Acceleration of tooth movement during orthodontic treatment is challenging, with osteoclast-mediated bone resorption on the compressive side being the rate-limiting step. Recent studies have demonstrated that mechanoreceptors on the surface of monocytes/macrophages, especially adhesion G protein-coupled receptors (aGPCRs), play important roles in force ***, its role in the regulation of osteoclast differentiation remains unclear. Herein, through single-cell analysis, we revealed that CD97, a novel mechanosensitive aGPCR, was expressed in macrophages. Compression upregulated CD97 expression and inhibited osteoclast differentiation;while knockdown of CD97 partially rescued osteoclast differentiation. It suggests that CD97 may be an important mechanosensitive receptor during osteoclast differentiation. RNA sequencing analysis showed that the Rap1a/ERK signalling pathway mediates the effects of CD97 on osteoclast differentiation under compression. Consistently, we clarified that administration of the Rap1a inhibitor GGTI298 increased osteoclast activity, thereby accelerating tooth movement. In conclusion,our results indicate that CD97 suppresses osteoclast differentiation through the Rap1a/ERK signalling pathway under orthodontic compressive force.

关键词： CD97 osteoclast inhibited

Skull and vertebral bone marrow in central nervous system inflammation

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Fundamental Research 2024年第2期4卷 246-250页

作者： Honglei Ren Qiang Liu Department of Neurology Tianjin Neurological InstituteTianjin Institute of ImmunologyState Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyInternational Joint Laboratory of Ocular DiseasesMinistry of EducationHaihe Laboratory of Cell EcosystemTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjin 300052China

Emerging evidence has highlighted the capacity of hematogenous cells in skull and vertebral bone marrow to enter the meningeal borders via ossified vascular channels and maintain immune homeostasis in the central nervous system(CNS).CNS-adjacent skull and vertebral bone marrow comprises hematopoietic niches that can sense CNS injury and supply specialized immune cells to fine-tune inflammatory ***,we review recent advances in our understanding of skull and vertebral bone marrow-derived immune cells in homeostasis and inflammatory CNS ***,we discuss the implications for future development of therapies to mitigate CNS inflammation and its detrimental sequelae in neurological disorders.

关键词： Central nervous system Bone marrow Hematopoiesis Immune cells Neuroinflammation Stroke Multiple sclerosis