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Alexa,let's train now!——A systematic review and classification approach to digital and home-based physical training interventions aiming to support healthy cognitive aging

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 30-46页

作者： Fabian Herold Paula Theobald Thomas Gronwald Navin Kaushal Liye Zou Eling D.de Bruin Louis Bherer Notger GMüller Research Group Degenerative and Chronic Diseases MovementFaculty of Health Sciences BrandenburgUniversity of PotsdamPotsdam 14476Germany Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China institute of Interdisciplinary Exercise Science and sports Medicine MSH Medical School HamburgHamburg 20457Germany Department of Health Sciences School of Health&Human SciencesIndiana UniversityIndianapolisIN 46202USA Department of Health Sciences and Technology Institute of Human Movement Sciences and SportETH ZurichZurich 8093Switzerland Department of Neurobiology Care Sciencesand SocietyKarolinska InstituteStockholm 17177Sweden Department of Health OST-Eastern Swiss University of Applied SciencesSt.Gallen 9001Switzerland Montreal Heart institute MontrealQC H1T 1C8Canada Department of Medicine Universite de MontrealMontrealQC H3T 1J4Canada Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Geriatrie de Montreal MontrealQC H3W 1W5Canada

Background:There is mounting evidence that regular physical activity is an important prerequisite for healthy cognitive ***,the finding that almost one-third of the adult population does not reach the recommended level of regular physical activity calls for further public health *** this context,digital and home-based physical training interventions might be a promising alternative to center-based intervention ***,this systematic review aimed to summarize the current state of the literature on the effects of digital and home-based physical training interventions on adult cognitive ***:In this pre-registered systematic review(PROSPERO;ID:CRD42022320031),5 electronic databases(PubMed,Web of Science,Psyclnfo,SPORTDiscus,and Cochrane Library)were searched by 2 independent researchers(FH and PT)to identify eligible studies investigating the effects of digital and home-based physical training interventions on cognitive performance in *** systematic literature search yielded 8258 records(extra17 records from other sources),of which 27 controlled trials were considered *** reviewers(FH and PT)independently extracted data and assessed the risk of bias using a modified version of the Tool for the assEssment of Study qualiTy and reporting in EXercise(TESTEX scale).Results:Of the 27 reviewed studies,15 reported positive effects on cognitive and motor-cognitive outcomes(i.e.,performance improvements in measures of executive functions,working memory,and choice stepping reaction test),and a considerable heterogeneity concerning study-related,population-related,and intervention-related characteristics was noticed.A more detailed analysis suggests that,in particular,interventions using online classes and technology-based exercise devices(i.e.,step-based exergames)can improve cognitive performance in healthy older *** one-half of the reviewed studies were rated as having a high risk of bias with respect

关键词： Brain Cognition Digital health Exercise-cognition Physical activity

Burnout in the emergency department: Randomized controlled trial of an attention-based training program

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2019年第3期17卷 173-180页

作者： Pádraic J.Dunne Julie Lynch Lucia Prihodova Caoimhe O'Leary Atiyeh Ghoreyshi Sharee A.Basdeo Donal J.Cox Rachel Breen Ali Sheikhi áine Carroll Cathal Walsh Geraldine McMahon Barry White Trinity Translational Medicine institute Trinity College Research Department Royal College of Physicians of Ireland Department of Innovation Fitbit Inc. Health Research institute Main BuildingUniversity of Limerick Health Service executive Dr Steevens' Hospital Department of Emergency Medicine St.James' s Hospital National Centre for Hereditary Coagulation Disorders St.James' s Hospital

Background: Burnout(encompassing emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal accomplishment) in healthcare professionals is a major issue worldwide. Emergency medicine physicians are particularly affected, potentially impacting on quality of care and attrition from the ***: The aim of this study was to apply an attention-based training(ABT) program to reduce burnout among emergency multidisciplinary team(MDT) members from a large urban ***, setting, participants and interventions: Emergency MDT members were randomized to either a notreatment control or an intervention group. Intervention group participants engaged in a four session(4 h/session) ABT program over 7 weeks with a practice target of 20 min twice-daily. Practice adherence was measured using a smart phone application together with a wearable Charge 2 *** outcome measures: The primary outcome was a change in burnout, comprising emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal achievement. The secondary outcomes were changes in other psychological and biometric ***: The ABT program resulted in a significant reduction(P < 0.05; T1 [one week before intervention]vs T3 [follow-up at two months after intervention]) in burnout, specifically, emotional exhaustion, with an effect size(probability of superiority) of 59%. Similar reductions were observed for stress(P < 0.05) and anxiety(P < 0.05). Furthermore, ABT group participants demonstrated significant improvements in heart rate variability, resting heart rate, sleep as well as an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokine ***: This study describes a positive impact of ABT on emergency department staff burnout compared to a no-treatment control group.

关键词： Burnout Emotional exhaustion Meditation Healthcare professional Sleep Stress Cytokines Cortisol Randomized controlled trial

Assessment of muscle strength in para-athletes:A systematic review of observational studies

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sports Medicine and Health Science 2022年第4期4卷 225-238页

作者： Sean R.O'Connor Kristina Fagher Samuel Williamson Babette M.Pluim Clare L.Ardern Dina C.Janse van Rensburg Neil Heron Centre for Public Health Queen's University BelfastBelfastUK School of Psychology Queen's University BelfastBelfastUK Rehabilitation Medicine Research Group Department of Health SciencesLund UniversityLundSweden English institute of Sport ManchesterUK royal Netherlands Lawn Tennis Association AmstelveenNetherlands Section sports Medicine Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa Amsterdam Collaboration on Health&Safety in sports(ACHSS) IOC Research Center of ExcellenceAmsterdam UMCAmsterdamNetherlands Department of Family Practice University of British ColumbiaVancouverCanada Medical Board Member World NetballManchesterUK School of Medicine Keele UniversityStaffordshireUK

Accurate and reliable evaluation of muscle strength in para-athletes is essential for monitoring the effectiveness of strength training and/or rehabilitation programmes,and sport *** aim is to synthesise evidence related to assessing muscle strength in *** databases were searched from January 1990 to July 2021 for observational studies focusing on strength *** screening,data extraction,and quality assessment were performed in duplicate.A total of 1764 potential studies were *** met the inclusion criteria and were included in the *** mean age of participants was 30.7 years(standard deviation[SD]:2.4).The majority were men(88%)participating in wheelchair sports,including basketball,rugby,and tennis(23/30:76%).Overall quality varied,with more than half of the studies failing to identify strategies for dealing with confounding *** manual muscle testing being a standard component of para-sport classification systems,evidence examining strength characteristics in para-athletes is derived primarily from isometric and isokinetic *** studies that included comparative strength data,findings were *** studies found strength values were similar to or lower than able-bodied athletic ***,an important observation was that others reported higher shoulder strength in para-athletes taking part in wheelchair sports than both able-bodied and disabled *** need to develop accessible,standardised strength testing methods that account for training influence and establish normative strength values in *** is also a need for additional studies that include female para-athletes and para-athletes with greater functional impairments.

关键词： Systematic review Para-athletes Disabled sport Muscle strength Assessment

Effects of combined physical and cognitive training on executive function of adolescent shooting athletes:A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study

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sports Medicine and Health Science 2023年第3期5卷 220-228页

作者： Mingqiang Xiang Guanru Li Jianuo Ye Meng Wu Ruiping Xu Min Hu School of Sport and Health Guangzhou Sport UniversityGuangzhou510500China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Physical Activity and Health Promotion Guangzhou Sport UniversityGuangzhou510500China Graduate School Guangzhou Sport UniversityGuangzho510500China Guangzhou institute of sports Science Guangzhou510500China

Individual executive function improvement through physical and cognitive training is a research hotspot in physical education and cognitive ***,few studies have evaluated whether combined physical and cognitive training(CPCT)has greater benefits for executive function performance and cerebral oxygenation in adolescent athletes than cognitive training *** study randomly assigned 33 adolescent shooting athletes to a CPCT(n=17)or computerized cognitive training(CCT,n=16)group and compared their executive function after six weeks of *** subjects were assessed using the 2-back,task-switching,and Stroop tests before and after *** prefrontal cortex oxygenated hemoglobin(Oxy-Hb)activation level was monitored while executing the three tasks using functional near-infrared *** results showed that the CPCT and CCT groups similarly improved their updating function as indicated by the 2-back task *** CPCT group significantly improved the switching function in the task-switching test accuracy,while the CCT group did ***,both groups did not improve in behavioral performance as indicated by the inhibition function in the Stroop *** oxygenation,indicated by the oxy-Hb activation level in the frontal pole area of the prefrontal lobe,significantly improved in the CPCT group during the three cognitive tasks,whereas the CCT group showed no *** findings indicated that CPCT endowed greater advantages in task-switching in the behavioral performance of the executive function than ***,CPCT was superior to CCT in increasing task-efficient cerebral oxygenation during the activation of the prefrontal cortex in adolescent shooting athletes.

关键词： executive function Shooting athlete Cognitive training Physical activity fNIRS

Relationship between mode of sport training and general cognitive performance

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2017年第1期6卷 89-95页

作者： Erik Chih-Hung Chang Chien-Heng Chu Costas I.Karageorghis Chun-Chih Wang Jack Han-Chao Tsai Yung-Shun Wang Yu-Kai Chang institute of Cognitive Neuroscience "Central University" Graduate institute of Athletics and Coaching Science Taiwan Sport University Department of Life Sciences Brunel University London institute of Neuroscience Yang-Ming University

Purpose: To investigate whether athletes who engage in different modes of sports training correspondingly exhibit different patterns of performance on general cognition ***: Sixty participants were recruited into an endurance, motorically complex, or control group, and were administered a series of physical tests and neuropsychological ***: Athletes in the endurance group demonstrated the highest levels of cardiovascular fitness and those in the motorically complex group exhibited the highest levels of motor fitness. Nonetheless, no differences in cognitive performance were observed between the 3 ***: These findings indicate that the mode of sport training, which results in either high cardiovascular or high motor fitness, bears no relationship to measures of general cognition in elite athletes. The present findings suggest that coaches and athletic trainers should be encouraged to monitor athletes' stress levels during training in order to maximize the beneficial effects of such training on general cognitive performance.

关键词： Cognitive function executive control Expert Motor fitness Physical fitness Sport

Risk factors for musculoskeletal injuries in the military: a qualitative systematic review of the literature from the past two decades and a new prioritizing injury model

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Military Medical Research 2022年第4期9卷 444-483页

作者： Stefan Sammito Vedran Hadzic Thomas Karakolis Karen R.Kelly Susan P.Proctor Ainars Stepens Graham White Wes O.Zimmermann Section Experimental Aerospace Medicine Research German Air Force Centre of Aerospace MedicineFlughafenstraBe 151147 CologneGermany Occupational Medicine Faculty of MedicineOtto-Von-Guericke-University of Magdeburg39120 MagdeburgGermany Faculty of Sport University of Ljubljana1000 LjubljanaSlovenia Defence Research and Development Canada TorontoON M3K 2C9Canada Warfighter Performance Naval Health Research CenterSan DiegoCA 921063599USA Military Performance Division US Army Research Institute of Environmental MedicineNatickMA 01760USA Research Service VA Boston Healthcare SystemBostonMA 02130USA Centre for Military Medicine Research Riga Stradins UniversityRiga 1007Latvia Human and Social Sciences Group Defense Science and Technology LaboratoryPortsdown Hill RoadFareham PO176ADUK Department of Military sports Medicine Royal Netherlands Army3584 AB UtrechtThe Netherlands Department of Military/Emergency Medicine Uniformed Services University of the Health SciencesBethesdaMD 20814USA.

Background: Musculoskeletal injuries(MSkIs) are a leading cause of health care utilization, as well as limited duty and disability in the US military and other armed forces. MSkIs affect members of the military during initial training,operational training, and deployment and have a direct negative impact on overall troop readiness. Currently, a systematic overview of all risk factors for MSkIs in the military is not ***: A systematic literature search was carried out using the PubMed, Ovid/Medline, and Web of Science databases from January 1, 2000 to September 10, 2019. Additionally, a reference list scan was performed(using the “snowball method”). Thereafter, an international, multidisciplinary expert panel scored the level of evidence per risk factor, and a classification of modifiable/non-modifiable was ***: In total, 176 original papers and 3 meta-analyses were included in the review. A list of 57 reported potential risk factors was formed. For 21 risk factors, the level of evidence was considered moderate or strong. Based on this literature review and an in-depth analysis, the expert panel developed a model to display the most relevant risk factors identified, introducing the idea of the “order of importance” and including concepts that are modifiable/nonmodifiable, as well as extrinsic/intrinsic risk ***: This is the qualitative systematic review of studies on risk factors for MSkIs in the military that has attempted to be all-inclusive. A total of 57 different potential risk factors were identified, and a new, prioritizing injury model was developed. This model may help us to understand risk factors that can be addressed, and in which order they should be prioritized when planning intervention strategies within military groups.

关键词： Military Musculoskeletal injuries Risk factors Prevention Intervention Injury