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Large potential of strengthening the land carbon sink in China through anthropogenic interventions

Science Bulletin 2024年第16期69卷 2622-2631页

作者： Xu Yue Hao Zhou Yang Cao Hong Liao Xiaofei Lu Zhen Yu Wenping Yuan Zhu Liu Yadong Lei Stephen Sitch Jürgen Knauer Huijun Wang Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment TechnologySchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Information Science&Technology(NUIST)Nanjing 210044China College of Meteorology and Oceanography National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China Jiangsu Nanjing Environmental Monitoring Center Nanjing 210013China Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu Province Institute of EcologySchool of Applied MeteorologyNUISTNanjing 210044China institute of Carbon Neutrality Sino-French Institute for Earth System ScienceCollege of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather and Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of CMA Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China College of Life and Environmental sciences University of ExeterExeter EX44RJUK Hawkesbury institute for the Environment Western Sydney UniversityPenrith 2751Australia Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of EducationJoint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment ChangeCollaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological DisastersNUISTNanjing 210044China

The terrestrial ecosystem in China mitigates 21%-45%of the national contemporary fossil fuel CO_(2) emissions every *** and strengthening the land carbon sink is essential for reaching China’s target of carbon ***,this sink is subject to large uncertainties due to the joint impacts of climate change,air pollution,and human ***,we explore the potential of strengthening land carbon sink in China through anthropogenic interventions,including forestation,ozone reduction,and litter removal,taking advantage of a well-validated dynamic vegetation model and meteorological forcings from 16 climate *** anthropogenic interventions,considering Shared Socioeconomic Pathways(SSP)scenarios,the land sink is projected to be 0.26-0.56 Pg C a^(-1) at 2060,to which climate change contributes 0.06-0.13 Pg C a^(-1) and CO_(2) fertilization contributes 0.08-0.44 Pg C a^(-1) with the stronger effects for higher emission *** anthropogenic interventions,under a close-to-neutral emission scenario(SSP1-2.6),the land sink becomes 0.47-0.57 Pg C a^(-1) at 2060,including the contributions of 0.12 Pg C a^(-1) by conservative forestation,0.07 Pg C a^(-1) by ozone pollution control,and 0.06-0.16 Pg C a^(-1) by 20%litter removal over planted *** sink can mitigate 90%-110% of the residue anthropogenic carbon emissions in 2060,providing a solid foundation for the carbon neutrality in China.

关键词： Carbon sink Forestation Ozone Litter removal

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Reinventing Quantum Physics

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Journal of Modern Physics 2016年第1期7卷 156-161页

作者： Jean-Paul Auffray Mohamed S. El Naschie ex courant institute of mathematical sciences New York University New York NY USA Department of Physics University of Alexandria Alexandria Egypt

Quantum Physics (QP) was invented in the early years of the Twentieth century by physicists born and educated in the western world. We examine the possibility that this is the main reason—or at least one of the main ... 详细信息

关键词： Quantum Physics Motion Energy Equations Maat

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Cannabinoids and endocannabinoids as therapeutics for nervous system disorders:preclinical models and clinical studies

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 788-799页

作者： R.Scott Duncan Sean M.Riordan Matthew C.Gernon Peter Koulen Department of Ophthalmology School of MedicineUniversity of Missouri Department of Biomedical sciences School of MedicineUniversity of Missouri

Cannabinoids are lipophilic substances derived from Cannabis sativa that can exert a variety of effects in the human *** have been studied in cellular and animal models as well as in human clinical trials for their therapeutic benefits in several human *** of these include central nervous system(CNS)diseases and dysfunctions such as forms of epilepsy,multiple sclerosis,Parkinson’s disease,pain and neuropsychiatric *** addition,the endogenously produced cannabinoid lipids,endocannabinoids,are critical for normal CNS function,and if controlled or modified,may represent an additional therapeutic avenue for CNS *** review discusses in vitro cellular,ex vivo tissue and in vivo animal model studies on cannabinoids and their utility as therapeutics in multiple CNS *** addition,the review provides an overview on the use of cannabinoids in human clinical trials for a variety of CNS *** and endocannabinoids hold promise for use as disease modifiers and therapeutic agents for the prevention or treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and neurological disorders.

关键词： anandamide cannabidiol cannabinoid endocannabinoid epilepsy multiple sclerosis neurodegeneration neuroprotection tetrahydrocannabinol

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Revisiting the Half Quanta and Defining Quantum Step Mechanics

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Journal of Modern Physics 2016年第14期7卷 1949-1952页

作者： Jean-Paul Auffray Mohamed S. El Naschie ex courant institute of mathematical sciences New York University New York USA Department of Physics University of Alexandria Alexandria Egypt

In a recent publication in this journal one of us introduced the concept of “half quanta” and used it to provide a new insight into the origin and nature of the presence of dark energy in the cosmos. We investigate in the present note the possibility that, in spite of this success, the concept of half quanta should be regarded to be an illegitimate intruder in the realm of modern Quantum Physics.

关键词： Planck Bohr Dirac Harmonic Oscillator Quanta

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Oncogenic β-catenin-driven liver cancer is susceptible to methotrexate-mediated disruption of nucleotide synthesis

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第2期137卷 181-189页

作者： Fangming Liu Yuting Wu Baohui Zhang Shuhui Yang Kezhuo Shang Jie Li Pengju Zhang Weiwei Deng Linlin Chen Liang Zheng Xiaochen Gai Hongbing Zhang Department of Physiology State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major DiseasesHaihe Laboratory of Cell EcosystemInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences and School of Basic MedicineChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100005China Department of Physiology Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and School of Basic MedicineGraduate School of Peking Union Medical CollegeChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing100005China Department of Physiology School of Life ScienceChina Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoning 110122China School of Life sciences Westlake UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 310024China Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Ministry of HealthInstitute of Pediatric Translational MedicineShanghai Children’s Medical CenterShanghai Jiao Tong School of MedicineShanghai 200127China

Background:Liver cancer is largely resistant to *** study aimed to identify the effective chemotherapeutics forβ-catenin-activated liver cancer which is caused by gain-of-function mutation of catenin beta 1(CTNNB1),the most frequently altered proto-oncogene in hepatic ***:Constitutiveβ-catenin-activated mouse embryonic fibroblasts(MEFs)were established by deleting exon 3(β-catenin^(Δ(ex3)/+)),the most common mutation site in CTNNB1 gene.A screening of 12 widely used chemotherapy drugs was conducted for the ones that selectively inhibitedβ-catenin^(Δ(ex3)/+)but not for wild-type *** metabolomics was carried out to examine the alterations of metabolites in nucleotide *** efficacy and selectivity of methotrexate(MTX)onβ-catenin-activated human liver cancer cells were determined in ***-deficient nude mice subcutaneously inoculated withβ-catenin wild-type or mutant liver cancer cells and hepatitis B virus(HBV);β-catenin^(lox(ex3)/+)mice were used,respectively,to evaluate the efficacy of MTX in the treatment ofβ-catenin mutant liver ***:MTX was identified and validated as a preferential agent against the proliferation and tumor formation ofβ-catenin-activated *** nucleotide synthesis was the major metabolic aberration inβ-catenin-active cells,and this alteration was also the target of ***,MTX abrogated hepatocarcinogenesis of HBV;β-catenin^(lox(ex3)/+)mice,which stimulated concurrent Ctnnb1-activated mutation and HBV infection in liver ***:MTX is a promising chemotherapeutic agent forβ-catenin hyperactive liver *** repurposing MTX has the advantages of lower risk,shorter timelines,and less investment in drug discovery and development,a clinical trial is warranted to test its efficacy in the treatment ofβ-catenin mutant liver cancer.

关键词： Liver cancer β-catenin Methotrexate Nucleotide synthesis Chemotherapy

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Droplet Laplace valve-enabled glaucoma implant for intraocular pressure management

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Droplet 2024年第2期3卷 125-137页

作者： Yuyang Wang Zecong Fang Sen Li Kexin Lin Zhifeng Zhang Junyi Chen Tingrui Pan Center for Intelligent Medical Equipment and Devices(iMED) Institute for Innovative Medical DevicesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiChina Suzhou institute for Advanced Research University of Science and Technology of ChinaSuzhouChina Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiChina Bionic Sensing and Intelligence Center(BSIC) Institute of Biomedical and Health EngineeringShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenChina School of Engineering Hangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhouChina School of Biomedical Engineering Division of Life Science and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiChina Engineering Science and Mechanics Department Penn State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaUSA Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science Eye and ENT HospitalShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration(Fudan University)ShanghaiChina

Glaucoma,the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide,is closely linked to aqueous overaccumulation and elevated intraocular pressure(IOP).For refractory glaucoma,aqueous shunts with valves are commonly implanted for effective aqueous drainage control and IOP ***,existing valved glaucoma implants have the disadvantages of inconsistent valve opening/closing pressures,poor long-term repeatability due to their reliance on moving parts,and complex architectures and fabrication ***,we propose a novel valving concept,the droplet Laplace valve(DLV),a three-dimensional printable moving-parts-free microvalve with customizable and consistent threshold valving *** DLV uses a flow discretization unit governed by capillarity,comprising a droplet-forming nozzle,and a separated reservoir to digitize continuous flow into quantifiable *** the classic one-time-use Laplace valves,the DLV's unique design allows for its *** opening pressure is adjustable by varying the nozzle size,like the classic Laplace valves(following the Young–Laplace equation),while the closing pressure can be modified by tuning the separation distance and the reservoir *** DLVs with customizable opening pressures from 5 to 11 mmHg have been demonstrated,with opening/closing pressure differences suppressed down to0.99).Preliminary ex vivo validation in an enucleated porcine eye confirms the DLV's efficiency in aqueous shunting and prompt IOP *** DLV technology holds great promise in glaucoma implants for IOP management and various microsystems for flow control.

关键词： holds irreversible inconsistent

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Building stabilized Cu_(0.17)Mn_(0.03)V_(2)O_(5−□)·2.16H_(2)O cathode enables an outstanding room‐/low‐temperature aqueous Zn‐ion batteries

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Carbon Energy 2024年第8期6卷 25-35页

作者： Ao Wang Dai‐Huo Liu Lin Yang Fang Xu Dan Luo Haozhen Dou Mengqin Song Chunyan Xu Beinuo Zhang Jialin Zheng Zhongwei Chen Zhengyu Bai Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions Ministry of EducationCollaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine ChemicalsSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHenan Normal UniversityXinxiangHenanChina The State Key Laboratory of Catalysis(SKLC) Power Battery and System Research CenterDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalianChina

Vanadium oxide cathode materials with stable crystal structure and fast Zn^(2+)storage capabilities are extremely important to achieving outstanding electrochemical performance in aqueous zinc‐ion *** this work,a one‐step hydrothermal method was used to manipulate the bimetallic ion intercalation into the interlayer of vanadium *** pre‐intercalated Cu ions act as pillars to pin the vanadium oxide(V‐O)layers,establishing stabilized two‐dimensional channels for fast Zn^(2+)*** occupation of Mn ions between V‐O interlayer further expands the layer spacing and increases the concentration of oxygen defects(Od),which boosts the Zn^(2+)diffusion *** a result,as‐prepared Cu_(0.17)Mn_(0.03)V_(2)O_(5−□)·2.16H_(2)O cathode shows outstanding Zn‐storage capabilities under room‐and lowtemperature environments(e.g.,440.3 mAh g^(−1)at room temperature and 294.3 mAh g^(−1)at−60°C).Importantly,it shows a long cycling life and high capacity retention of 93.4%over 2500 cycles at 2 A g^(−1)at−60°***,the reversible intercalation chemistry mechanisms during discharging/charging processes were revealed via operando X‐ray powder diffraction and ex situ Raman *** strategy of a couple of 3d transition metal doping provides a solution for the development of superior room‐/lowtemperature vanadium‐based cathode materials.

关键词： aqueous zinc‐ion batteries Cu_(0.17)Mn_(0.03)V_(2)O_(5−□)·2.16H_(2)O oxygen defects room‐/lowtemperature performance stabilized nanostructure

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E-Infinity Dualities, Discontinuous Spacetimes, Xonic Quantum Physics and the Decisive experiment

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Journal of Modern Physics 2014年第15期5卷 1427-1436页

作者： Jean-Paul Auffray courant institute of mathematical sciences New York University New York USA

Using powerful concepts and tools borrowed from the seminal arsenal connecting physics fundamentals with esoteric set theoretical operations developed in recent years by Alexandria E-infinity theoretician M. S. El Naschie, this paper explores the deep implications of some of the dualities Dr El Naschie has identified and analyzed in his exposes, connecting them with our own Xonic Quantum Physics (XQP) which places dynamical action rather than spacetime and energy at the core of the System of the World.

关键词： E-Infinity El Naschie Space Time Spacetime Topology Cantor Sets Energy Xon Xonic Quantum Physics Planck Scale Dirac Electron

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EZH2 inhibitors promote β-like cell regeneration in young and adult type 1 diabetes donors

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第2期9卷 679-692页

作者： Keith Al-Hasani Safiya Naina Marikar Harikrishnan Kaipananickal Scott Maxwell Jun Okabe Ishant Khurana Thomas Karagiannis Julia J.Liang Lina Mariana Thomas Loudovaris Thomas Kay Assam El-Osta Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Program Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute75 Commercial RoadMelbourne 3004 VICAustralia Department of Diabetes Central Clinical SchoolMonash UniversityMelbourne 3004 VICAustralia Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Laboratory Central Clinical SchoolMonash UniversityMelbourne 3004 VICAustralia School of Science STEM CollegeRMIT UniversityMelbourne 3001 VICAustralia Immunology and Diabetes Unit St Vincent’s Institute of Medical ResearchFitzroy 3065 VICAustralia Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong KongSha TinHong Kong SAR Hong Kong institute of Diabetes and Obesity Prince of Wales HospitalThe Chinese University of Hong Kong3/F Lui Che Woo Clinical Sciences Building30-32-Ngan Shing StreetSha TinHong Kong SAR Li Ka Shing institute of Health sciences The Chinese University of Hong KongSha TinHong Kong SAR Biomedical Laboratory Science Department of TechnologyFaculty of HealthUniversity College CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark

β-cells are a type of endocrine cell found in pancreatic islets that synthesize,store and release *** type 1 diabetes(T1D),T-cells of the immune system selectively destroy the insulin-producingβ-*** of these cells leads to a lifelong dependence on exogenous insulin administration for ***,there is an urgent need to identify novel therapies that stimulateβ-cell growth and induceβ-cell *** and others have shown that pancreatic ductal progenitor cells are a promising source for regeneratingβ-cells for T1D owing to their inherent differentiation *** transcriptional suppression is refractory to exocrine reaction and tightly controls the regenerative potential by the EZH2 *** the present study,we show that transient stimulation of exocrine cells,derived from juvenile and adult T1D donors to the FDAapproved EZH2 inhibitors GSK126 and Tazemetostat(Taz)influence a phenotypic shift towards aβ-like cell *** transition from repressed to permissive chromatin states are dependent on bivalent H3K27me3 and H3K4me3 chromatin *** EZH2 is fundamental toβ-cell regenerative *** pancreatic ductal cells exhibit insulin production and secretion in response to a physiological glucose challenge ex *** pre-clinical studies underscore the potential of small molecule inhibitors as novel modulators of ductal progenitor differentiation and a promising new approach for the restoration ofβ-like cell function.

关键词： EZH2 struction inhibitors

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Invariant Measures and Asymptotic Gaussian Bounds for Normal Forms of Stochastic Climate Model

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2011年第3期32卷 343-368页

作者： Yuan YUAN Andrew J. MAJDA Department of Mathematics Courant Institute New York University 251 Mercer Street New York NY 10012 USA Department of Mathematics and Center for Atmospheric Ocean Sciences Courant Institute New York University 251 Mercer Street New York NY 10012 USA

The systematic development of reduced low-dimensional stochastic climate models from observations or comprehensive high dimensional climate models is an important topic for atmospheric low-frequency variability,climate sensitivity,and improved extended range ***,techniques from applied mathematics have been utilized to systematically derive normal forms for reduced stochastic climate models for low-frequency *** was shown that dyad and multiplicative triad interactions combine with the climatological linear operator interactions to produce a normal form with both strong nonlinear cubic dissipation and Correlated Additive and Multiplicative(CAM) stochastic *** probability distribution functions(PDFs) of low frequency climate variables exhibit small but significant departure from Gaussianity but have asymptotic tails which decay at most like a ***,rigorous upper bounds with Gaussian decay are proved for the invariant measure of general normal form stochastic *** Gaussian lower bounds are also established under suitable hypotheses.

关键词： Reduced stochastic climate model Invariant measure Fokker-Planck equation Comparison principle Global estimates of probability density function

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