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Intruder familiarity and not duet similarity influences the territory defense in a year-round territorial bird species

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Avian Research 2022年第2期13卷 152-158页

作者： Tihana Hamzaj Brendan Graham Katherine Bonilla Ignacio Gutiérrez Luis Sandoval Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Genomics University of UlmUlm Gemany Laboratorio de Ecología Urbana y Comunicación Animal Escuela de BiologíaUniversidad de Costa RicaMontes de Oca CP11501-2060 Costa Rica Department of Biological Sciences University of Lethbridge4401 University Dr WLethbridgeABTIK 3M4anada

To avoid unnecessary energy expenditures in territorial defense,many species(e.g.,insects,amphibians,birds,and mammals)have developed the capability to distinguish between different intruder types using visual,acoustic,and/or chemical signals.Determining the mechanism used for intruder recognition is key to understanding the dynamics of territorial behaviors.In birds that use vocalizations for territorial defense,the frequency and duration of vocalizations or the familiarity with the intruder may be the main mechanism used for intruder recognition.Here,we conducted a playback experiment with territorial White-eared Ground-sparrows(Melozone leucotis),to analyze if territorial pairs recognize intruders using frequency and duration characteristics(a bird’s response is based on how structurally similar the intruders’duets are to their own)or by familiarity with the intruders(neighbors vs.non-neighbors).We focused on duets because this species uses duets exclusively for territorial defense.We broadcasted a duet from a territorial neighbor,two duets from non-neighbors(with different frequency and duration characteristics),and a duet from a control species in 39 territorial pair from three populations.During playback we measured five behavioral responses:latency of the first vocalization,latency of the approach to the speaker,time spent close the speaker(within 5 m),number of individuals that approached the speaker,and the number of vocalizations.We found that territorial White-eared Ground-sparrow pairs responded stronger to neighbors than non-neighbors,and this response is not influenced by duet duration or frequency characteristics.This result suggests that neighbors represent a greater territorial threat for White-eared Ground-sparrows than non-neighbors.Further work is necessary to understand how common this observation is for tropical species that defend small territories year-round.

关键词： Dear enemy Duets Neighbor-stranger discrimination Territory defense White-eared ground-sparrows

Genetic adaptation as a biological buffer against climate change:Potential and limitations

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Integrative Zoology 2018年第4期13卷 372-391页

作者： Luc De MEESTER Robby STOKS Kristien I.BRANS Laboratory of Aquatic ecology Evolution and ConservationLeuvenBelgium evolutionary Stress ecology and Ecotoxicology LeuvenBelgium

Climate change profoundly impacts ecosystems and their biota,resulting in range shifts,novel interactions,food web alterations,changed intensities of host–parasite interactions,and extinctions.An increasing number of studies have documented evolutionary changes in traits such as phenology and thermal tolerance.In this opinion paper,we argue that,while evolutionary responses have the potential to provide a buffer against extinctions or range shifts,a number of constraints and complexities blur this simple prediction.First,there are limits to evolutionary potential both in terms of genetic variation and demographic effects,and these limits differ strongly among taxa and populations.Second,there can be costs associated with genetic adaptation,such as a reduced evolutionary potential towards other(human-induced)environmental stressors or direct fitness costs due to tradeoffs.Third,the differential capacity of taxa to genetically respond to climate change results in novel interactions because different organism groups respond to a different degree with local compared to regional(dispersal and range shift)responses.These complexities result in additional changes in the selection pressures on populations.We conclude that evolution can provide an initial buffer against climate change for some taxa and populations but does not guarantee their survival.It does not necessarily result in reduced extinction risks across the range of taxa in a region or continent.Yet,considering evolution is crucial,as it is likely to strongly change how biota will respond to climate change and will impact which taxa will be the winners or losers at the local,metacommunity and regional scales.

关键词： climate change evolutionary rescue evolutionary constraints evolving metacommunities extinction risk range shifts

克隆植物蛇莓对光照强度和养分条件的适应性可塑性

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Journal of Plant ecology 2022年第4期15卷 795-807页

作者： Mo-Zhu Wang Hong-Li Li Chun-Xiang Liu Bi-Cheng Dong Fei-Hai Yu Institute of Wetland ecology&Clone ecology Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and ConservationTaizhou UniversityTaizhou 318000China School of ecology and Nature conservation Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China State Key Laboratory of Systematic and evolutionary Botany Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China

表型可塑性可帮助植物缓冲环境压力并使其表型与当地环境相匹配,但目前仅少数性状的可塑性被广泛认为是适应性的。为充分理解可塑性的适应性意义,仍需进一步研究更多的植物功能性状及其环境因子。本研究将匍匐茎克隆植物蛇莓(Duchesnea ... 详细信息

表型可塑性可帮助植物缓冲环境压力并使其表型与当地环境相匹配,但目前仅少数性状的可塑性被广泛认为是适应性的。为充分理解可塑性的适应性意义,仍需进一步研究更多的植物功能性状及其环境因子。本研究将匍匐茎克隆植物蛇莓(Duchesnea indica)的21个基因型种植于不同的光照和养分条件下,并利用选择梯度分析检测了形态和生理可塑性对光照强度和养分有效性变化的适应性值。在遮荫条件下,蛇莓适合度(果实数、分株数和生物量)降低,节间缩短变细,成熟叶叶绿素含量降低,但叶柄长度、比叶面积、老叶叶绿素含量均增加。在低养分条件下,植株叶柄缩短,叶面积缩小变厚,叶绿素含量降低,但果实数量和根冠比增加。选择梯度分析表明,叶柄长度和老叶叶绿素含量对光照变化的可塑性是适应性的,老叶和成熟叶叶绿素含量对养分变化的可塑性也是适应性的。因此,不同性状的可塑性适应值取决于特定的生态背景。该研究的发现有助于理解克隆植物表型可塑性响应环境变化的适应性意义。

关键词：适应性可塑性克隆植物蛇莓(Duchesnea indica) 匍匐茎植物表型

亚热带本地植物群落中增加降水扩大了氮增加对入侵植物表现的影响

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Journal of Plant ecology 2022年第3期15卷 473-484页

作者： Xiang-Qin Li Sai-Chun Tang Yu-Mei Pan Chun-Qiang Wei Shi-Hong Lü Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant conservation and Restoration ecology in Karst Terrain Guangxi Institute of BotanyGuangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of SciencesGuilin 541006China Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant evolutionary ecology and conservation Taizhou UniversityTaizhou 318000China

氮沉降、降水以及它们的交互作用会影响氮和水是限制性资源的温带生态系统中的外来植物入侵,但它们是否会影响以及怎样影响外来植物在富氮和降水丰富的亚热带植物群落中的入侵,仍不清楚。本研究在亚热带生态系统中,在野外用12种常见本... 详细信息

氮沉降、降水以及它们的交互作用会影响氮和水是限制性资源的温带生态系统中的外来植物入侵,但它们是否会影响以及怎样影响外来植物在富氮和降水丰富的亚热带植物群落中的入侵,仍不清楚。本研究在亚热带生态系统中,在野外用12种常见本地植物构建群落,将4种入侵植物及其近缘的4种本地植物分别引入到群落中,对群落进行氮添加(0和5 g N m^(−2) a^(−1))和降水增加(自然降水和增加降水30%)交互处理,比较了引入的入侵植物和近缘本地植物在群落中的生长和定居表现以及群落特征(包括群落密度和地上生物量等)。研究结果显示,只增加降水没有提高入侵植物或近缘本地植物的表现;氮添加仅提高入侵植物地上生物量和相对密度;氮和降水同时增加提高了入侵植物和近缘本地植物在群落中的生长和定居表现。在氮添加、降水增加和氮与降水同时增加处理下,入侵植物的大多数生长和定居参数高于近缘本地植物。在氮与降水同时增加时,入侵植物所定居本地群落的密度和地上生物量显著低于近缘本地植物所定居本地群落的密度和地上生物量。这些结果说明,在富氮和降水丰富的亚热带本地群落中,降水增加扩大了氮增加对入侵植物表现的影响。这将有助于理解在富氮和降水丰富的亚热带生态系统中,全球变化对植物入侵的影响。

关键词：群落地上生物量群落密度生长和定居降水增加入侵植物氮添加亚热带本地群落

How Physical Disturbance and Nitrogen Addition Affect the Soil Carbon Decomposition?

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第9期91卷 2087-2097页

作者： Muhammad Junaid Nazir Xiuwei Zhang Daolin Du Feihai Yu Institute of Wetland ecology&Clone ecology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant evolutionary ecology and conservation Taizhou UniversityTaizhou318000China College of the Environment&Safety Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang212013China

The decomposition of soil organic carbon(SOC)plays a critical role in regulating atmospheric CO_(2)concentrations and climate dynamics.However,the mechanisms and factors controlling SOC decomposition are still not fully understood.Here,we conducted a 60 days incubation experiment to test the effects of physical disturbance and nitrogen(N)addition on SOC decomposition.N addition increased the concentration of NO3-by 51%in the soil,but had little effect on the concentration of NH4+.N addition inhibited SOC decomposition,but such an effect differed between disturbed and undisturbed soils.In disturbed and undisturbed soils,application of N decreased SOC decomposition by 37%and 15%,respectively.One possible explanation is that extra N input suppressed microbial N mining and/or increased the stability of soil organic matter by promoting the formation of soil aggregates and incorporating part of the inorganic N into organic matter,and consequently decreased microbial mineralization of soil organic matter.Physical disturbance intensified the inhibition of N on SOC decomposition,likely because physical disturbance allowed the added N to be better exposed to soil microbes and consequently increased the availability of added N.We conclude that physical disturbance and N play important roles in modulating the stability of SOC.

关键词： Soil organic matter physical disturbance microbial N mining microbial biomass carbon N availability

Convergent patterns in multitrophic biodiversity effects on yield across ecosystems

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2023年第11期66卷 2697-2699页

作者： Christoph Scherber Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change(LIB) Museum KoenigCentre for Biodiversity Monitoring and Conservation ScienceBonn 53113Germany Institute of evolutionary Biology and ecology University of BonnBonn 53113Germany

In ecosystems managed for food or fiber production,there is often no space for biodiversity.For example,intensive cereal monocultures are usually managed towards optimized yields using herbicides,fungicides and insecticides.In such systems,biodiversity is essentially unwanted,except maybe when it improves soil health or carbon fixation.Consequently,it has been difficult to convincingly show if and where biodiversity is economically important in intensive production systems.

关键词： ecosystems soil biodiversity

Genome sequencing provides insights into Caprifoliaceae genome evolution and the mechanism underlying second blooming phenomenon in Heptacodium miconioides

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第3期10卷 897-910页

作者： Yueling Li Zhongshuai Sun Zexin Jin Junmin Li Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant evolutionary ecology and conservation Taizhou UniversityTaizhouZhejiang 318000China Institute of ecology Taizhou UniversityTaizhouZhejiang 318000China School of Life Sciences Taizhou UniversityTaizhouZhejiang 318000China

Plants of the Caprifoliaceae family are widely cultivated worldwide as ornamental plants owing to their numerous,sweet-smelling,beautiful flowers and fruits.Heptacodium miconioides Rehd.,a member of the family,is endemic to eastern China and is cultivated as a popular ornamental plant in North America and European countries.It has a rather novel and beautiful trait of high horticultural value,that is,its sepals persist and enlarge,turning purplish red.Here,we report the chromosome-level genome assembly of H.miconioides to understand its evolution and floral characteristics.The 622.28 Mb assembled genome harbored a shared whole-genome duplication with a related species,Lonicera japonica.Comparative genomic analysis suggested that chromosome fission events following genome duplication underlie the unusual chromosome number of these two species,as well as chromosome fission of another five chromosomes in H.miconioides,giving rise to a haploid chromosome number of 14(versus 9 in L.japonica).In addition,based on transcriptome and chloroplast genome analysis of 17 representative species in the Caprifoliaceae,we assumed that large structural variations in the chromosomes of H.miconioides were not caused by hybridization.Changes in the candidate genes of the MADS-box family were detected in the H.miconioides genome,including AP1-,AP3-,and SEPexpanded,which might underlie the sepal elongation and development in this species.The current findings provided a critical resource for genome evolution studies in Caprifoliaceae and it was an example of how multi-omics data can elucidate the regulation of important ornamental traits.

关键词： Heptacodium miconioides Genome assembly Caprifoliaceae Chromosome fusion Sepal traits

Importance of starting points in heterogeneous environments: interactions between two clonal plants with contrasting spatial architectures

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Journal of Plant ecology 2020年第3期13卷 323-330页

作者： Wei Xue Lin Huang Fei-Hai Yu Institute of Wetland ecology&Clone ecology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of evolutionary ecology and conservation Taizhou UniversityShifu Road 1139Jiaojiang DistrictTaizhouZhejiang Province 318000China

在异质性环境中,植物能够通过将更多的生物量投资到高资源斑块而获利。因此,相对于高资源斑块的初始生长位置可能会对植物的生长和竞争能力产生影响,且这种影响可能与植物的构型有关。然而,以往有关土壤异质性对植物生长和竞争影响的研... 详细信息

在异质性环境中,植物能够通过将更多的生物量投资到高资源斑块而获利。因此,相对于高资源斑块的初始生长位置可能会对植物的生长和竞争能力产生影响,且这种影响可能与植物的构型有关。然而,以往有关土壤异质性对植物生长和竞争影响的研究都忽略了植物初始生长位置的潜在效应。在本研究中,我们把密集型克隆植物翼果苔草(Carex neurocarpa)和游击型克隆植物扁秆荆三棱(Bolboschoenus planiculmis)分别单独种植(不存在竞争)或者混合种植(存在竞争)在由高营养斑块和低营养斑块组成的异质性环境中。在不存在竞争处理时,每种植物的一个分株被分别单独种植于高营养或者低营养斑块中;在存在竞争处理时,目标种的一个分株被种植于高营养斑块中,而竞争种被种植在这个高营养斑块中或者邻近的低营养斑块中,或目标种的一个分株被种植于低营养斑块中,而竞争种被种植在这个低营养斑块中或者邻近的高营养斑块中。结果表明,在不存在竞争时,初始生长位置处于高营养斑块的翼果苔草的生物量和分株数均显著高于初始位置处于低营养斑块的翼果苔草,但在存在竞争时,却未发现这种差异。因此,初始位置处于高营养斑块的翼果苔草受到的竞争强度要显著高于初始位置处于低营养斑块的翼果苔草,而且这种效应与其竞争者的初始生长位置无关。相反的,扁秆荆三棱的初始生长位置对其生长和竞争的响应没有影响。因此,在异质性环境中,克隆植物的初始生长位置能够影响其生长和相对竞争能力,并且这些效应可能取决于植物的克隆构型。

关键词：克隆植物竞争环境异质性游击型斑块环境密集型

gFACs:Gene Filtering,Analysis,and Conversion to Unify Genome Annotations Across Alignment and Gene Prediction Frameworks

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genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2019年第3期17卷 305-310页

作者： Madison Caballero Jill Wegrzyn Department of ecology and evolutionary Biology University of Connecticut

Published genomes frequently contain erroneous gene models that represent issues associated with identification of open reading frames,start sites,splice sites,and related structural features.The source of these inconsistencies is often traced back to integration across text file formats designed to describe long read alignments and predicted gene structures.In addition,the majority of gene prediction frameworks do not provide robust downstream filtering to remove problematic gene annotations,nor do they represent these annotations in a format consistent with current file standards.These frameworks also lack consideration for functional attributes,such as the presence or absence of protein domains that can be used for gene model validation.To provide oversight to the increasing number of published genome annotations,we present a software package,the Gene Filtering,Analysis,and Conversion(gFACs),to filter,analyze,and convert predicted gene models and alignments.The software operates across a wide range of alignment,analysis,and gene prediction files with a flexible framework for defining gene models with reliable structural and functional attributes.gFACs supports common downstream applications,including genome browsers,and generates extensive details on the filtering process,including distributions that can be visualized to further assess the proposed gene space.gFACs is freely available and implemented in Perl with support from BioPerl libraries at https://***/PlantgenomicsLab/gFACs.

关键词： Genome annotation Bioinformatics Protein annotation Gene prediction Alignment