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Targeting miRNA by CRISPR/Cas in cancer:advantages and challenges

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Military Medical Research 2024年第3期11卷 345-373页

作者： Bashdar Mahmud Hussen Mohammed Fatih Rasul Snur Rasool Abdullah Hazha Jamal Hidayat Goran Sedeeq Hama Faraj Fattma Abodi Ali Abbas Salihi Aria Baniahmad Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard Milladur Rahman Mark C.Glassy Wojciech Branicki Mohammad Taheri Department of Biomedical Sciences Cihan University-ErbilErbilKurdistan Region 44001Iraq Department of Clinical Analysis College of PharmacyHawler Medical UniversityErbilKurdistan Region 44001Iraq Department of Pharmaceutical Basic Science Faculty of PharmacyTishk International UniversityErbilKurdistan Region 44001Iraq Medical Laboratory Science Lebanese French UniversityErbilKurdistan Region 44001Iraq Department of Biology College of EducationSalahaddin University-ErbilErbilKurdistan Region 44001Iraq Department of Medical Laboratory Science Komar University of Science and TechnologySulaymaniyah 46001Iraq Department of Medical Microbiology College of Health SciencesHawler Medical UniversityErbilKurdistan Region 44001Iraq Department of Biology College of ScienceSalahaddin University-ErbilErbilKurdistan Region 44001Iraq Center of Research and Strategic Studies Lebanese French UniversityErbil 44001Iraq Institute of Human Genetics Jena University Hospital07747 JenaGermany Department of Medical Genetics School of MedicineShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehran 374-37515Iran Department of Clinical Sciences MalmöSection for SurgeryLund University22100 MalmöSweden Translational Neuro-Oncology Laboratory San Diego(UCSD)Moores Cancer CenterUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoCA 94720USA Faculty of Biology Institute of Zoology and Biomedical ResearchJagiellonian University31-007 KrakówPoland Urology and Nephrology Research Center Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehran 374-37515Iran

Clustered regulatory interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)has changed biomedical research and provided entirely new models to analyze every aspect of biomedical sciences during the last *** the study of cancer,the CRISPR/CRISPR-associated protein(Cas)system opens new avenues into issues that were once unknown in our knowledge of the non-coding genome,tumor heterogeneity,and precision ***/Cas-based geneediting technology now allows for the precise and permanent targeting of mutations and provides an opportunity to target small non-coding RNAs such as microRNAs(miRNAs).However,the development of effective and safe cancer gene editing therapy is highly dependent on proper design to be innocuous to normal cells and prevent introducing other *** study aims to highlight the cutting-edge approaches in cancer-gene editing therapy based on the CRISPR/Cas technology to target miRNAs in cancer ***,we highlight the potential challenges in CRISPR/Cas-mediated miRNA gene editing and offer advanced strategies to overcome them.

关键词： CRISPR CRISPR/Cas9 CRISPR/Cas12 Gene editing miRNAs Cancer therapy

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Improving Heat Transfer Performance of Flat Plate Water Solar Collectors Using Nanofluids

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New series) 2024年

作者： Barhm Mohamad Department of Petroleum Technology Koya Technical Institute erbil polytechnic university

This study delves into both experimental and analytical examinations of heat exchange in a straight channel， where Al2O3-water nanofluids are utilized， spanning the Reynolds number spectrum from 100 to 1800. Diverse volume fractions （1%， 2%， and 3%） of Al2O3-water nanofluids are meticulously prepared and analyzed. The essential physical properties of these nanofluids， critical for evaluating their thermal and flow characteristics， have been comprehensively assessed. From a quantitative perspective， numerical simulations are employed to predict the Nusselt number （Nu） and friction factor （f）. The empirical findings reveal intriguing trends: the friction factor experiences an upward trend with diminishing velocity， attributed to heightened molecular cohesion. Conversely， the friction factor demonstrates a decline with diminishing volume fractions， a consequence of reduced particle size. Both the nanofluid’s viscosity and heat transfer coefficient exhibit a rise in tandem with augmented volume flow rate and concentration gradient. Notably， the simulation results harmonize remarkably well with experimental data. Rigorous validation against prior studies underscores the robust consistency of these outcomes. In the pursuit of augmenting heat transfer， a volume fraction of 3% emerges as particularly influential， yielding an impressive 53.8% enhancement. Minor increments in the friction factor， while present， prove negligible and can be safely overlooked.

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Groundwater vulnerability assessment using a GIS-based DRASTIC method in the erbil Dumpsite area (Kani Qirzhala), Central erbil Basin, North Iraq

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Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 16-33页

作者： Masoud H Hamed Rebwar N Dara Marios C Kirlas Department of Earth Sciences and Petroleum College of ScienceSalahaddin University-ErbilErbilIraq Department of Petroleum Engineering College of EngineeringKnowledge UniversityErbilIraq Department of Agriculture Faculty of AgricultureForestry and Natural EnvironmentAristotle University of Thessaloniki

Groundwater vulnerability assessment is a crucial step in the efficient management of groundwater resources,especially in areas with intensive anthropogenic activities and groundwater *** the present study,the DRASTIC method was applied using Geographic Information System(GIS)to delineate groundwater vulnerability zones in the erbil Dumpsite area,Central erbil Basin,North *** showed that the area was classified into four vulnerability classes:Very low(16.97%),low(27.67%),moderate(36.55%)and high(18.81%).The southern,south-eastern and northern parts of the study area exhibited the highest vulnerability potential,while the central-northern,northern and north-western regions displayed the lowest vulnerability ***,results of the single-parameter sensitivity analysis indicated that amongst the seven DRASTIC parameters,the unsaturated zone and the aquifer media were the most influencing *** conclustion,the correlation of 25 nitrate concentration values with the final vulnerability map,assessed using the Pearson correlation coefficient,yielded a satisfactory result of R=0.72.

关键词： DRASTIC erbil Iraq Groundwater vulnerability assessment Nitrate Pollution Sensitivity analysis

Selective nano-buckling improves the performance of graphene logic transistors

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National Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 95-96页

作者： Tong Yang Ming Yang Department of Applied Physics The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Research Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology The Hong Kong Polytechnic University

The massive integration of silicon-based transistors into modern electronic devices greatly increases power consumption and heat generation/dissipation[1]. In this concern, transistors based on atomically-thin graphene that exhibit high electric and thermoelectric conductivities with negligible contact resistance,

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No Reference Image Sharpness Assessment Based on Global Color Difference Variation

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第1期33卷 293-302页

作者： Chenyang SHI Yandan LIN School of Artificial Intelligence Anhui Polytechnic University School of Mechanical Engineering Anhui Polytechnic University Department of Light Sources and Illuminating Engineering Fudan University Academy for Engineering & Technology Fudan University

Image quality assessment(IQA) model is designed to measure the image quality in consistent with subjective ratings by computational models. In this research, a valid no reference IQA(NR-IQA) model for color image sharpness assessment is proposed based on local color difference map in a color space. In the proposed model, the absolute color difference variation and relative color difference variation are combined to evaluate sharpness in YIQ color space(a color coordinate system for the development of the United States color television system). The difference between sharpest and blurriest spot of an image is represented by the absolute color difference variation, and relative color difference variation expresses the variation in the image content. Extensive experiments are performed on five publicly available benchmark synthetic blur databases and two real blur databases, and the results prove that the proposed model work better than the other state-of-the-art and latest NR-IQA models for the prediction accuracy on blurry images. Besides, the model maintains the lowest computational complexity.

关键词： Image quality TV Image color analysis Databases Computational modeling Color Predictive models

Analytical Solutions for an Isotropic Elastic Half-Plane with Complete Surface Effects Subjected to a Concentrated/Uniform Surface Load

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2024年第3期37卷 371-384页

作者： Xia-Hui Pan School of Civil Engineering Henan Polytechnic UniversityJiaozuo454003China

Within the context of Gurtin-Murdoch surface elasticity theory,closed-form analytical solutions are derived for an isotropic elastic half-plane subjected to a concentrated/uniform surface *** the effects of residual surface stress and surface elasticity are *** stress function method and Fourier integral transform technique are *** solutions are provided in a compact manner that can easily reduce to special situations that take into account either one surface effect or none at *** results indicate that surface effects generally lower the stress levels and smooth the deformation profiles in the *** elasticity plays a dominant role in the in-plane elastic fields for a tangentially loaded half-plane,while the effect of residual surface stress is fundamentally crucial for the out-of-plane stress and displacement when the half-plane is normally *** the remaining situations,combined effects of surface elasticity and residual surface stress should be *** results for a concentrated surface force serve essentially as fundamental solutions of the Flamant and the half-plane Cerruti problems with surface *** solutions presented in this work may be helpful for understanding the contact behaviors between solids at the nanoscale.

关键词： Surface effects Residual surface stress Surface elasticity Half-plane Analytical solutions

Isotopic characteristics and source analysis of atmospheric ammonia during agricultural periods in the Xichuan area of the Danjiangkou Reservoir

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 460-469页

作者： Xiaoshu Chen Tongqian Zhao Chunyan Xiao Xiaoming Guo Feihong Chen Institute of Resources and Environment Henan Polytechnic UniversityJiaozuo 454000China

Nitrogen deposition is an important means of exogenous nitrogen input in reservoir *** activities around the reservoir lead to a sharp increase in the concentration of ammonia in the atmosphere,which poses a threat to the reservoir water *** the contribution of agricultural ammonia release to atmospheric NH_(x)(gaseous NH_(3)and particulate NH_(4)^(+)),in the reservoir area can provide a theoretical foundation for local reactive nitrogen *** collected atmospheric NH_(3)and NH_(4)^(+)samples during the agricultural periods and analyzed the isotopic characteristics of atmospheric NH_(x)and the contribution rates of different ammonia sources in the Xichuan area of the Danjiangkou *** results showed that the initialδ~(15)N values of NH_(3)(-30.0‰to–7.2‰)and particulate NH_(4)^(+)(–33‰to+4.9‰for finer and coarser particles,respectively)are different,and their contribution ratios from dissimilar ammonia sources are also different,among which NH_(4)^(+)is more susceptible to meteorological ***,since the atmospheric NH_(x)in the Xichuan area is mainly gaseous NH_(3),the final sources of atmospheric ammonia nitrogen source depend on gaseous NH_(3).Agricultural sources(59%-74%)were the main NH_(3)sources in this *** them,the fertilizer use emission was dominant;it had the highest contribution rate in summer during the agricultural period and a more prominent impact in areas with less human *** regulation of the application of high-ammonia releasing fertilizer,especially during the agricultural period in summer,is an effective way to reduce the threat of atmospheric ammonia to water health.

关键词： Danjiangkou reservoir Atmospheric ammonia nitrogen Isotope Ammonia source analysis Agricultural sources

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An Overview of PRP-Delivering Scaffolds for Bone and Cartilage Tissue Engineering

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第2期21卷 674-693页

作者： Somayeh Baghersad Behzad Bolandi Rana Imani Shabnam Afaghi Samira Davoudinia Department of Textile Engineering Amirkabir University of Technology(Tehran Polytechnic)Tehran159163-4311Iran Department of Biomedical Engineering Amirkabir University of Technology(Tehran Polytechnic)Tehran159163-4311Iran

Tissue engineering is nowadays an emerging approach that aims to replace or regenerate diseased or damaged organs with engineered constructs. Considering the key role of growth factors (GFs) in the tissue regeneration process, these biomolecules are considered an important part of the tissue engineering process, so the presence of growth factors in engineered scaffolds can accelerate tissue regeneration by influencing the behavior of cells. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP), as an autologous source of a variety of growth factors, is considered a therapeutic agent for the treatment of degenerative diseases. Regarding its ability to promote the healing process and tissue regeneration, PRP therapy has attracted great attention in bone and cartilage tissue engineering. Incorporating PRP and its derivatives into engineered scaffolds not only bioactivates the scaffold, but the scaffold matrix also acts as a sustained and localized growth factor release system. In addition, the presence of a scaffold can promote the bioactivity of GFs by providing an environment that facilitates their interaction, leading to enhanced effects compared to their free form. This review presents a brief overview of PRP's role in bone and cartilage tissue regeneration with the main focus on scaffold-mediated PRP delivery. In addition, the classification of platelet-rich products, current extraction techniques, terminology, and scaffold bioactivation methods are presented to provide a better understanding of the basics and the key aspects that may affect the effectiveness of therapy in bone and cartilage tissue engineering.

关键词： Platelet-rich plasma Growth factors delivery Scaffold Bone Cartilage

Interfacial friction induced capillary flow within nanofiber-supported ionic liquid droplets

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第5期9卷 789-791页

作者： Yuanyuan Zhao Gang Xia Yintung Lam John Haozhong Xin School of Fashion and Textiles The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina Shenzhen Research Institute The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityShenzhenChina

As global economic growth increases,the demand for energy sources *** fossil fuels have traditionally satisﬁed this demand,their environmental inﬂuence and limited reserves require *** fuel combustion contributes substantially to greenhouse gas emissions,with a pressing need to halve these emissions by 2030 and target net-zero by *** energy sources,contributing currently to 29%of global electricity,are viewed as promising *** wind energy's potential,Zheng's team developed a novel method to harness even low wind speeds using well-aligned nanoﬁbers and an innovative“drop wind generator”.This system,combining moisture-saturated ionic liquid 3-Methyl-1-octylimidazolium chloride with speciﬁc nanoﬁber arrays,exploits wind-inducedﬂows for energy *** study highlights the vast untapped potential of low-speed wind as a sustainable energy source potentially for electronics.

关键词： Wind energy Low-speed wind Ionic liquid Electronic devices

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