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Evaluation of berries of Phytolacca dodecandra for growth inhibition of Histoplasma capsulatum *** and treatment of cases of epizootic lymphangitis in Ethiopia

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第7期2卷 505-510页

作者： Negesse Mekonnen Eyasu Makonnen Nigatu Aklilu Gobena Ameni Department of Pharmacology School of MedicineAddis Ababa University Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology Addis Ababa University Society for the Protection of Animals Abroad(SPANA) School of Veterinary MedicineAddis Ababa University

Objective:To evaluate the berries of Phytolacca dodecundra(***) for its effect on Histoplasma cupsulatum ***(HCF) and for the treatment of cases of epizootic lymphangitis(***:Samples were collected from un-ruptured nodules of cases of EL at Debre Zeit and Akaki(central Ethiopia).Mycologieal culture and isolation of HCF were performed at the Akliln Lemma Institute of *** screening was done for n-butanol extract of *** to delect alkaloids,saponins,phenolic compounds and *** minimum inhibitory concentrations(MICs) and minimum fungicidal concentrations(MFCs) ol aqueous and n-butanol extracts of *** against FICF were determined by agar dilution *** the in vivo trial.5%simple ointment was prepared from n-butanol extract and applied topically to 24(twelve early and twelve moderate) cases of ***:Phytochemical screening showed that n-butanol extract ol *** was positive lor *** and phenolic compounds but negative for *** MFCs of n-butanol and aqueous extracts of *** were(0.039%-0.078%) and(0.625%-1.250%),*** MFCs of n-butanol and aqueous extracts of *** were(0.078%t-0.156%)and(1.250%-2.500%),*** MIC and MFC of ketoconazole(positive control) was(1.200×10^(-5)%-2.500×10^(-5)%) and(5.000× 10^(-5)%-1.000×10^(-4)%),respectively while growth was observed on free medium(negative control).From the total of 24 treated cases of EL,14(58.3%) responded lo treatment;however,10(41.7%) did not respond to *** was no significant difference in the degree of response to treatment between early and moderate cases(χ~2=0.086:P=***:It can be concluded that n-butanol extract of *** demonstrates antifungal effects while the aqueous extract shows no antifungal activity.

关键词： Epizootic lymphangitis Phytolacca dodecandra Histoplasma capsulatum var.farciminosum Minimum inhibitory concentration Minimum fungicidal concentration Phytochemical screening Antifungal activity Agar dilution assay Mycological culture In vivo trial Contagious disease Chronic disease Lymphangitis

Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using leaves of Catharanthus roseus *** and their antiplasmodial activities

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第7期2卷 574-580页

作者： Ponarulselvam S Panneerselvam C Murugan K Aarthi N Kalimuthu K Thangamani S Department of Zoology School of Life SciencesBharathiar University DRDO-BU Center for Life Sciences Division of EntomologyBharathiar University

Objective:To develop a novel approach for the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using aqueous leaves extracts of Catharanthus roseus(***) *** which has been proven aclive against malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum(***).Methods:Characterizations were determined by using ultraviolet-visible(UV-Vis) spectrophotometry,scanning electron microscopy(SEM).energy dispersive X-ray and X-ray ***:SLM showed the formation of silver nanoparticles with an average size of 35-55 nm.X-ray diffraction analysts showed that the particles were crystalline in nature with face centred cubic structure of the hulk silver with the broad peaks at 32.***.46.4 and ***:It can be concluded that the leaves of *** can he good source for synthesis of silver nanoparticle which shows aiitiplasmodial activity against *** important outcome of the study will he the development of value added products from medicinal plants *** lor hionicdical and nanotechnology based industries.

关键词： Silver nanoparticles Catharanthus roseus Plasmodium falciparum Antiplasmodial activity

pigment epithelium-derived factor protects the morphological structure of retinal Müller cells in diabetic rats

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2014年第6期7卷 941-946页

作者： Xiao-Hui Zhang Zhao-Hui Feng Yi Zhang Department of Ophthalmology the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Medical College

AIM: To investigate if pigment epithelium-derived factor(PEDF) has any protective effect on the retinal Müller cells of Sprague-Dawley rats suffering from diabetes ***: Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a negative control group, a group receiving0.1 μg/μL PEDF, another group receiving 0.2 μg/μL PEDF,and a group receiving balanced salt solution(BSS). Rats in both the PEDF and BSS groups were treated intravitreally based on previously established diabetic models. After 4wk of treatment, morphological alterations of Müller cells and protein expression of glutamine synthase(GS) and glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP)were ***:PEDFateither0.1μg/μlor0.2μg/μLsignificantly improved the structures of both nuclei and organelles of Müller cells compared to the BSS-treated *** of GS was significantly higher in the 0.2 μg/μL PEDF group than that in the BSS group(P =0.012), but expression of GFAP was significantly lower in the 0.2 μg/μL PEDF group than that in the BSS group(P =0.000);however, there were no significant differences in expression of these proteins between the 0.1 μg/μL PEDF group and the BSS group(P =0.608, P =0.152). CONCLUSION: PEDF protects the morphological ultrastructure of Müller cells, improves the expression of glutamate synthase and prevents cell gliosis.

关键词： diabetes mellitus pigment epitheliumderived factor retinal Müller cells glutamine synthase glial fibrillary acidic protein

Antibiotic resistant Esherichia coli strains from seafood and its susceptibility to seaweed extracts

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第12期3卷 977-981页

作者： Subramanian Kumaran Balaraman Deivasiganiani Kumarappan Alagappan Mannikam Sakthivel Rajamani Karthikeyan Faculty of Marine Sciences Annamalai UniversityParangipettaiTamil NaduIndia

Objective:To determine the prevalence and antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli(E. coli),in seafood obtained from Cuddalore and Parangipettai fish landing ***,to identify the susceptibility of *** against predominant seaweeds red alga Kappaphycus alvarezii(***) and brown alga Padina boergessenii(***) extracts as sulfated polysaccharides and polyphenols ***:A total of 48 samples(Two stations Cuddalore and Parangipettai,Tamil Nadu,India).Sampling area are fish landing centre where fishes caught from sea and estuary,seafood processing plants(packing and ice packed fishes) and local fish markets(fish samples).After isolation totally 80 strains were analyzed for its antimicrobial resistance and sensitivity against commercially 10 *** ampicillin resistant *** CE21 was identified through molecular techniques as I6S rDNA sequencing. Two seaweeds *** and *** were screened lor antibacterial activity against 12 antibiotic resistant *** ***:Totally 48 swabbed samples from two different fish handling area were characterized for total bacterial and *** ***,the *** strains were isolated from fish local market and seafood processing plants before and after packaging *** that maximum 56.25%strains were resistant to ampicillin and the minimum 2.5%strains were resistant to ***,the *** CE21 was identified through molecular techniques ***(GenBank accession number GU065251),The MIC value for polyphenol extract was slightly less than sulfated *** strain isolated from Parangipettai was considerably increased MIC value that ***: The polyphenol and sulfated polysaccharides showed promising inhibitory response against all antimicrobial resistant *** strains and in particular the inhibitory response of ampicillin resistant ***.

关键词： Antibiotic resistant E.coli Antibacterial activity Seaweed extract Seafood

Cloning,expression,purification and bioinformatic analysis of 2-methylcitrate synthase from Mycobacterium tuberculosis

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2015年第1期8卷 19-23页

作者： Kasamy Eniyan Urmi Bajpai Department of Biomedical Science Acharya Narendra Dev College(University of Delhi)

Objective:To clone,express and purify 2—methylcitrale synthase(Rv1131) gene of Mycobacterium tuberculosis(***) and to study its structural characteristics using various bioinformatics ***:Rv1131 gene was amplified In polymerase chain reaction using *** H37 Rv genomic DNA and cloned into pGEM-T easy vector and *** gene was sub-cloned in pET28 c vector,expressed in Escherichia coli RL22(*** BL21)(DE3) cells and the recombinant protein was identified by Western *** protein was purified using Nickel affinity chromatography and the structural characteristics like sub-cellular *** of transmembrane helices and secondary structure of the protein were predicted by bioinformaties *** structure of the protein and phylogenetic analysis was aiso established by in silico ***:The expression of the recombinant protein(Rv1131) was confirmed by western blotting using anti-HIS antibodies and the protein was purified from the soluble *** silico analysis showed that the protein contains no signal peptide and transmembrane helices,Active site prediction showed that the protein has histidine and aspartie acid residues at 242.281 & 332 positions *** analysis showed100%homology with major mycobacterial *** structure predicts 2-methyleitrate synthase contain 51.9%;alpha-helk.8.7%extended strand and 39.4%random *** structure of the protein was also ***:The enzyme 2-methylcitrate synthase from *** H37 Rv has been successfully expressed and *** purified protein will further be utilized to develop assay methods lor screening new inhibitors.

关键词： Mycobacterium tuberculosis 2-methylcitrate synthase Propionyl-CoA Expression Purification

Antidiabetic and hypolipidemic activities of ethanolic leaf extract and fractions of Melanthera scandens

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第7期2卷 523-527页

作者： Enomfon J Akpan Jude E Okokon Emem Offong Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Basic Medical SciencesUniversity of Uyo Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of Uyo

Objective:To evaluate the antidiabetic and hypolipidemie activities of ethanolic leaf extract and Fraction of Melanthera scandens(***) in alloxan-induced diabetic ***:*** leaf extract/fractions(37-111 mg/kg) were administered to alloxan-induced diabetic rats for 14 days and blood glucose levels(BGL) of the diabetic rats were monitored at intervals of 7 hours for acute study and 14 days lor prolonged *** profiles of the treated diabetic rats were determined after the period of ***:Treatment of alloxan-induced diabetic rats with the extract/fractions caused a significant(P<0.001) reduction in lasting bloodglucose levels(BGL) ol the diabetic rats both in acute study and prolonged Irealnient(2weeks).The activities of the extract and fractions were more than that of the reference drug,*** extract/fractions exerted a significant reduction in the levels of serum total cholesterol,triglycerides,LDL and VLDL of extract with increases in *** of the diabetic ***:These results suggest that the leaf extract/fractions(*** possesses antidiabetic effect on alloxan induced diabetic rats and this justifies its use in ethno medicine and can be exploited in the management of diabetes.

关键词： Antidiabetic Hypolididemic Melanthera scandens

Effect of Emilia sonchifolia(Linn.)DC on alcohol- induced oxidative stress in pancreas of male albino rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2011年第12期4卷 973-977页

作者： Dominic Sophia Murugesan Gomathy Thomas Shebin Paramasivam Ragavendran Chinthamony Arulraj Velliyur Kanniapan Gopalakrishnan Department of Biochemistry Karpagam UniversityCoimbatore-641021(T.N.)India

Objective:To explore the efficacy of n-hexane extract of Emilia sonchifolia(***) against ethanol induced pancreatic dysfunction in the young Wistar albino ***:The rats were divided into four *** rats in group I received distilled water orally,groupⅡreceived oral administration of 20%(w/v) ethanol dissolved in drinking water,groupⅢreceived oral administration of 20%(w/v) ethanol in distilled water+n-hexane extract of *** (250 mg/kg body weight),and groupⅣreceived oral administration of n-hexane extract of ***(250 mg/kg body weight) *** marker enzymes aspartate aminotransferase (AST),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),pancreatic enzymatic antioxidants superoxide dismutase. lipid peroxidation,catalase,glutathione peroxidase,non-enzymatic antioxidants glutathione and vitamin C were measured and ***:Administration of 20%ethanol lor 16 weeks significantly increased the liver marker enzymes AST,ALT(P<0.05).reduced the pancreatic enzymatic antioxidants superoxide *** peroxidation,catalase,glutathione peroxidase,glutathione and vitamin C(P<0.05).Histopathological examination showed that the ethanol provoked the oxidative stress which was demonstrated as pancreatic necrosis and *** administration of n-hexane extract of ***(250 mg/kg body weight) protected the pancreas against the damage induced by ethanol which was confirmed by the histopathological studies and the normalization of biochemical ***: Thus n-hexane extract of *** shows a promise in therapeutic use in alcohol induced oxidative stress.

关键词： Pancreas Ethanol Emilia sonchifolia Antioxidants Histopathology

Approach to 2′-(Dialkylamino)-1-alkyl-4′H-spiro[indoline-3,5′-oxazole]-2,4′-diones and 1,3-Oxazin-4-ones via Cyclization of Vilsmeier Salts withα-Hydroxy andβ-Carbonyl Amides

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2019年第2期35卷 216-220页

作者： DAI Jianan LIU Bengen WEI Zhonglin CAO Jungang LIANG Dapeng DUAN Haifeng LIN Yingjie Department of Organic Chemistry College of ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchun 130012R R. China

A straiglitforward and efficient synthetic method of 2′-(dialkylammo)-l-alkyl-4′H-spiro[indoline-3,5′-oxazole]-2,4′-diones and 2-(dialkylamino)-5,6-dihydro-4H-naphtho[2,1-e][1,3]oxazin-4-one-derivatives have been developed from a-hydroxy andβ-carbonyl amides and various Vilsmeier salts.A wide range of heterocyclic compounds were obtained in excellent yields(up to 97%),which will provide promising candidates lor chemical biology and drug discovery.

关键词： Spirooxindole unit 2-Oxazolin-4-ones core structure 3-Oxazin-4-ones core structure

Genus Pronephrium Presl 1851 (Thelypteridaceae) in Romania

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2018年第4期7卷 295-307页

作者： Roxana Pirnea Mihai Emilian Popa faculty of geology and geophysics doctoral school of geology university of bucharest 1 N. Ealcescu Ave 010041 BucharestRomania faculty of geology and geophysics department of geology laboratory of palaeontology university of bucharest 1 N. Ealcescu Ave 010041 BucharestRomania

Pronephrium stiriacum（Unger） Knobloch et Kvatek 1976（Filicales, Thelypteridaceae Holttum 1971） is reported from the Oligocene Petrosani Basin and from the Miocene Bozovici Basin in Romania. Morphological variations of this species, such as size of the leaves, venation and marginal teeth, in the Oligocene-Miocene time interval in Romania are described, discussed and illustrated. The distribution of the Thelypteridacean species Pronephrium stiriacum is also discussed regarding its European expansion during the Cenozoic. Moreover, the palaeoecology of this species is discussed based on taphonomy and occurrences, as Pronephrium stiriacum was a secondary coal generator.

关键词： Thelypteridaceae Pronephrium stiriacum Oligocene Miocene Romania