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Hypothesizing That Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Associated Streptococcal (PANDAS) Causes Rapid Onset of Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS) Behaviors and May Require Induction of “Dopamine Homeostasis”

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Open Journal of Immunology 2022年第3期12卷 65-75页

作者： Kenneth Blum Catherine A. Dennen Eric R. Braverman Ashim Gupta David Baron Bernard William Downs Debasis Bagchi Panayotis Thanos Maureen Pollock Jag Khalsa Igor Elman Abdalla Bowirrat Rajendra D. Badgaiyan Center for Mental Health and Sports Psychiatry Western University Health Sciences Pomona USA The Kenneth Blum Behavioral & Neurogenetic Institute Austin USA Department Psychiatry Boonshoff School of Medicine Wright University Dayton USA Institute of Psychology ELTE E&#246tv&#246s Loránd University Budapest Hungary Department of Psychiatry School of Medicine University of Vermont Burlington USA Division of Nutrigenomics Victory Nutrition International Inc. Bonita Springs USA Department of Molecular Biology Adelson School of Medicine Ariel University Ariel Israel Department of Family Medicine Jefferson Health Northeast Philadelphia USA Future Biologics Lawrenceville USA Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Texas Southern University Houston USA Department of Psychology & Behavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Laboratory on Addictions (BNNLA) Research Institute on Addictions University at Buffalo Buffalo USA Department of Microbiology Immunology and Tropical Medicine School of Medicine George Washington University Washington DC USA Cambridge Health Alliance Harvard Medical School Cambridge USA Department of Psychiatry Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York USA Department of Psychiatry South Texas Veteran Health Care System Audie L. Murphy Memorial VA Hospital Long School of Medicine University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio USA

Pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with group A streptococcal infections (PANDAS) is a concept that is used to characterize a subset of children with neuropsychiatric symptoms, tic disorders, or obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), whose symptoms are exacerbated by group A streptococcal (GAS) infection. PANDAS has been known to cause a sudden onset of reward deficiency syndrome (RDS). RDS includes multiple disorders that are characterized by dopaminergic signaling dysfunction in the brain reward cascade (BRC), which may result in addiction, depression, avoidant behaviors, anxiety, tic disorders, and/or OCD. According to research by Blum et al., the dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2) gene polymorphisms are important prevalent genetic determinants of RDS. The literature demonstrates that infections like Borrelia and Lyme, as well as other infections like group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal (GABHS), can cause an autoimmune reaction and associated antibodies target dopaminergic loci in the mesolimbic region of the brain, which interferes with brain function and potentially causes RDS-like symptoms/behaviors. The treatment of PANDAS remains controversial, especially since there have been limited efficacy studies to date. We propose an innovative potential treatment for PANDAS based on previous clinical trials using a pro-dopamine regulator known as KB220 variants. Our ongoing research suggests that achieving “dopamine homeostasis” by precision-guided DNA testing and pro-dopamine modulation could result in improved therapeutic outcomes.

关键词： PANDAS CANS Reward Deficiency Syndrome Group A Beta-Hemolytic Streptococcal (GABHS) Pro-Dopamine Regulation Dopamine Homeostasis Molecular Mimicry Lyme Borrelia

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Checklist of the Birds of the Gaza Strip—Palestine

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Open Journal of Ecology 2023年第3期13卷 155-182页

作者： Abdel Fattah N. Abd Rabou Bashar S. Jarayseh Lara M. Sirdah Mandy M. Sirdah Sinaa A. Ababsa Daoud I. Al-Hali Ayman W. Dardona Ashraf A. Shafei Nedal A. Fayyad Abdallah S. Awad Wael I. Almeshal Samer S. Abuzerr Inas A. Abd Rabou Othman A. Abd Rabou Mohammed A. Abd Rabou Sabah A. Abu Sharekh Mohammed R. Al-Agha Maged M. Yassin Abed Al Qader I. Hammad Norman A. Khalaf Walid F. Mohamed Department of Biology Faculty of Science Islamic University of Gaza Gaza Strip Palestine Environmental Education Center Beit Jala West Bank Palestine Wildlife Documenter and Photographer Gaza Strip Palestine Wildlife Documenter and Photographer Kafr Kanna Galilee Palestine Qimmah Secondary School Jerusalem (Al-Quds) Palestine Environment Quality Authority Gaza Strip Palestine Center for Desert Agriculture King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Doctoral School of Environmental Sciences E&#246tv&#246s Loránd University Budapest Hungary Department of Medical Sciences University College of Science & Technology Gaza Strip Palestine Department of Nursing and Health Sciences University College of Applied Sciences Gaza Strip Palestine Department of Journalism and Media Islamic University of Gaza Gaza Strip Palestine Department of GIS University College of Applied Sciences Gaza Strip Palestine Department of School Health Ministry of Education and Higher Education Gaza Strip Palestine Department of Environment and Earth Sciences Faculty of Science Islamic University of Gaza Gaza Palestine Faculty of Medicine Islamic University of Gaza Gaza Strip Palestine Department of Geography Al-Aqsa University Gaza Strip Palestine Department of Environmental Research and Media National Research Center Palestine Department of Biological and Geological Sciences Faculty of Education Ain Shams University Roxy Cairo Egypt

Bird fauna checklists are important tools in ecology, biology, and conservation planning for scientists, stakeholders, and decision-makers. Despite its small area, the Gaza Strip (365 km2) has a relatively large variety of resident and migratory bird fauna. Therefore, the current study aimed to provide an updated checklist of all bird fauna living in or inhabiting the Gaza Strip. Direct field observations using binoculars, continuous visits to zoos, pet stores and biology museums, discussion with bird hunters, follow-up of news and social networking sites, review of scientific publications and photography were the main tools to satisfy the purpose of the study. At least 250 bird species collected from different sources occur in the Gaza Strip and are included in the checklist. This list will not be static, but is inevitably subject to additions and changes in the face of times. The current 250 bird species of the Gaza Strip represent 45.4% of the 551 species of birds living in Palestine. The bird species were found to belong to 21 orders and 61 families. The Passeriformes (passerines) represented the largest order with 96 species of birds (38.4%), followed by the Charadriiformes 54 (21.6%), the Accipitriformes 18 (7.2%), Anseriformes 17 (6.8%) and Pelecaniformes 14 (5.6%), while the other orders represented the remaining percentage (20.4%). With regard to families, the Scolopacidae represented the largest family with 22 species of birds (8.8%), followed by the Anatidae and Accipitridae 17 for each (6.8%), the Muscicapidae 16 (6.4%) and Chariidridae and Fringillidae 11 for each (4.4%), while the other families represented the remaining percentage (62.4%). According to the IUCN regional threat categories, 226 species (90.4%) were Least Concern (LC), 12 (4.8%) were Near Threatened (NT), 6 (2.4%) were Vulnerable (VU), 4 (1.6%) were Endangered (EN) and 2 (0.8%) were Critically Endangered (CR). In conclusion, the study recommends a sustainable control of bird h

关键词： Bird Fauna Checklist Bird Hunting Conservation IUCN Categories Gaza Strip

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Significant“smaller is softer”in amorphous silicon via irradiation-me diate d surface modification

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第35期166卷 106-112页

作者： Yuecun Wang Lin Tian Meng Li Zhiwei Shan Center for Advancing Materials Performance from the Nanoscale(CAMP-Nano)&Hysitron Applied Research Center in China(HARCC) State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of MaterialsXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Institute of Materials Physics University of GöttingenGöttingen 37077Germany Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15216United States of America

“Smaller is softer”is a reverse size dependence of strength,defying the“smaller is stronger”*** usually results from surface-mediated displacive or diffusive deformation and is mainly found in some ultra-small-scale(below tens of nanometers)metallic ***,making use of the surface modifi-cation via ion beam irradiation,we bring the“smaller is softer”into being in a covalently-bonded,hard,and brittle material-amorphous Si(a-Si)at a much larger size regime(lor the strength and deformation behaviors in small-sized a-Si or other covalently-bonded amorphous solids but also of practical relevance to the utility of a-Si in microelectronics and microelectromechanical systems.

关键词： Amorphous silicon Micropillars “Smaller is softer” Ion irradiation

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Association between Active School Travel and Depressive Symptoms among 51,702 Adolescents in 26 Low- and Middle-Income Countries

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International Journal of Mental Health Promotion 2021年第2期23卷 141-153页

作者： Shuan Liu Sitong Chen Xiaohong Zhu Brendon Stubbs Qian Yu Mark D.Griffiths Can Jiao Aiguo Chen Md Mahbub Hossain Zsolt Demetrovics Albert S.Yeung Jinming Li Xingyu Zhang Liye Zou Faculty of Educational Science South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou510631China Institute for Health and Sport Victoria UniversityMelbourne8001Australia College of Sports Science Jishou UniversityJishou212013China Department of Psychological Medicine Institute of PsychiatryPsychology and NeuroscienceKing’s College LondonLondonWC2R 2LSUK Exercise and Mental Health Laboratory Institute of KEEP Collaborative InnovationShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060China Psychology Department Nottingham Trent UniversityNottinghamNG14FQUK School of Psychology Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060China College of Physical Education Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou225127China Department of Health Promotion and Community Health Sciences School of Public HealthTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX77843USA Institute of Psychology ELTE Eötvös Loránd UniversityBudapest1064Hungary Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming University of GibraltarEuropa PointGX111AAGibraltar Depression Clinical and Research Program Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMA 02114USA

Little is known about the role of active school travel(AST)on mental health among ***,this study aimed to explore the AST-depression association among adolescents aged 12–15 years from 26 low-and middle-income countries(LMICs).Data from the Global School-based Student Health Survey were analyzed in 51,702 adolescents[mean(SD)age 13.8(1.0)years;49.3%boys).Both depressive symptoms and AST were assessed by a single question self-reported measure,*** who reported having 5 days or above were considered as *** logistic regression analysis(accounting for sampling weights)was performed while controlling for gender,age,physical activity,sedentary behavior,and food insecurity,and a countrywide meta-analysis was *** prevalence of depressive symptoms and AST were 30.1%and 37.0%,*** with those not having AST,adolescents with AST were less likely to have self-reported depressive symptoms(OR=0.88,95%CI:0.85-0.93)regardless of *** meta-analysis demonstrated that having AST versus not having AST was associated with 12%lower odds for depressive symptoms(OR=0.88;95%CI:0.82-0.94)but with a moderate between-country heterogeneity(I^(2)=59.0%).Based on large samples of adolescents from LMICs,it would be expected that AST may play a critical role in preventing adolescent depression ***,it is necessary to consider more country-specific factors when implementing AST-related mental health *** studies should adopt the solid study design to confirm or negate our researchfindings.

关键词： Active travel depression Global School-based Health Survey low-and middle-income countries

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Predictors and optimal management of tumor necrosis factor antagonist nonresponse in inflammatory bowel disease:A literature review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第29期29卷 4481-4498页

作者： Liang-Fang Wang Ping-Run Chen Si-Ke He Shi-Hao Duan Yan Zhang Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041Sichuan ProvinceChina West China School of Medicine Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041Sichuan ProvinceChina

Tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)antagonists,the first biologics approved for treating patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),are effective for the induction and maintenance of remission and significantly improving ***,up to one-third of treated patients show primary nonresponse(PNR)to anti-TNF-αtherapies,and 23%-50%of IBD patients experience loss of response(lor)to these biologics during subsequent *** is still no recognized predictor for evaluating the efficacy of anti-TNF *** review summarizes the existing predictors of PNR and lor to anti-TNF in IBD *** predictors remain controversial,and only previous surgical history,disease manifestations,drug concentrations,antidrug antibodies,serum albumin,some biologic markers,and some genetic markers may be potentially *** addition,we also discuss the next steps of treatment for patients with PNR or lor to TNF *** drug monitoring plays an important role in treatment *** escalation,combination therapy,switching to a different anti-TNF drug,or switching to a biologic with a different mechanism of action can be selected based on the concentration of the drug and/or antidrug antibodies.

关键词： Predictor Management Tumor necrosis factor antagonist Primary nonresponse Secondary nonresponse Inflammatory bowel disease

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Measurement of away-side broadening with self-subtraction of flow in Au+Au collisions at √sNN=200 GeV

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Chinese Physics C 2020年第10期44卷 59-67页

作者： L.Adamczyk J.R.Adams J.K.Adkins G.Agakishiev M.M.Aggarwal Z.Ahammed I.Alekseev D.M.Anderson A.Aparin E.C.Aschenauer M.U.Ashraf F.G.Atetalla A.Attri G.S.Averichev V.Bairathi K.Barish A.Behera R.Bellwied A.Bhasin J.Bielcik J.Bielcikova L.C.Bland I.G.Bordyuzhin J.D.Brandenburg A.V.Brandin J.Butterworth H.Caines M.Calderón de la Barca Sánchez D.Cebra I.Chakaberia P.Chaloupka B.K.Chan F-H.Chang Z.Chang N.Chankova-Bunzarova A.Chatterjee D.Chen J.H.Chen X.Chen Z.Chen J.Cheng M.Cherney M.Chevalier S.Choudhury W.Christie X.Chu H.J.Crawford M.Csanád M.Daugherity T.G.Dedovich I.M.Deppner A.A.Derevschikov L.Didenko X.Dong J.L.Drachenberg J.C.Dunlop T.Edmonds N.Elsey J.Engelage G.Eppley S.Esumi O.Evdokimov A.Ewigleben O.Eyser R.Fatemi S.Fazio P.Federic J.Fedorisin C.J.Feng Y.Feng P.Filip E.Finch Y.Fisyak A.Francisco L.Fulek C.A.Gagliardi T.Galatyuk F.Geurts A.Gibson K.Gopal D.Grosnick W.Guryn A.I.Hamad A.Hamed S.Harabasz J.W.Harris S.He W.He X.H.He S.Heppelmann S.Heppelmann N.Herrmann E.Hoffman L.Holub Y.Hong S.Horvat Y.Hu H.Z.Huang S.L.Huang T.Huang X.Huang T.J.Humanic P.Huo G.Igo D.Isenhower W.W.Jacobs C.Jena A.Jentsch Y.JI J.Jia K.Jiang S.Jowzaee X.Ju E.G.Judd S.Kabana M.L.Kabir S.Kagamaster D.Kalinkin K.Kang D.Kapukchyan K.Kauder H.W.Ke D.Keane A.Kechechyan M.Kelsey Y.V.Khyzhniak D.P.Kikoła C.Kim B.Kimelman D.Kincses T.A.Kinghorn I.Kisel A.Kiselev M.Kocan L.Kochenda L.K.Kosarzewski L.Kramarik P.Kravtsov K.Krueger N.Kulathunga Mudiyanselage L.Kumar S.Kumar R.Kunnawalkam Elayavalli J.H.Kwasizur R.Lacey S.Lan J.M.Landgraf J.Lauret A.Lebedev R.Lednicky J.H.Lee Y.H.Leung C.Li W.Li W.Li X.Li Y.Li Y.Liang R.Licenik T.Lin Y.Lin M.A.Lisa F.Liu H.Liu P.Liu P.Liu T.Liu X.Liu Y.Liu Z.Liu T.Ljubicic W.J.Llope R.S.Longacre N.S.Lukow S.Luo X.Luo G.L.Ma L.Ma R.Ma Y.G.Ma N.Magdy R.Majka D.Mallick S.Margetis C.Markert H.S.Matis J.A.Mazer N.G.Minaev S.Mioduszewski B.Mohanty I.Mooney Z.Moravcova D.A.Morozov M.Nagy J.D.Nam Nasim Md K.Nayak D.Neff J.M.Nelson D.B.Nemes M.Nie G.Nigmatkulov T.Niida L.V.Nogach T.Nonaka A.S.Nunes G.Odyniec A.Ogawa Abilene Christian university AbileneTexas 79699 AGH university of Science and Technology FPACSCracow 30-059Poland Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC"Kurchatov Institute" Moscow 117218Russia Argonne National Laboratory ArgonneIllinois 60439 American university of Cairo New Cairo 11835New CairoEgypt Brookhaven National Laboratory UptonNew York 11973 university of California BerkeleyCalifornia 94720 university of California DavisCalifornia 95616 university of California Los AngelesCalifornia 90095 university of California RiversideCalifornia 92521 Central China Normal university WuhanHubei 430079 university of Illinois at Chicago ChicagoIllinois 60607 Creighton university OmahaNebraska 68178 Czech Technical university in Prague FNSPEPrague 11519Czech Republic Technische Universität Darmstadt Darmstadt 64289Germany ELTE Eötvös loránd university BudapestHungary H-1117 Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS Frankfurt 60438Germany Fudan university Shanghai 200433 university of Heidelberg Heidelberg 69120Germany university of Houston HoustonTexas 77204 Huzhou university HuzhouZhejiang 313000 Indian Institute of Science Education and Research(IISER) Berhampur 760010India Indian Institute of Science Education and Research(IISER)Tirupati Tirupati 517507India Indian Institute Technology PatnaBihar 801106India Indiana university BloomingtonIndiana 47408 Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouGansu 730000 university of Jammu Jammu 180001India Joint Institute for Nuclear Research Dubna 141980Russia Kent State university KentOhio 44242 university of Kentucky LexingtonKentucky 40506-0055 Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCalifornia 94720 Lehigh university BethlehemPennsylvania 18015 Max-Planck-Institut für Physik Munich 80805Germany Michigan State university East LansingMichigan 48824 National Research Nuclear university MEPhI Moscow 115409Russia National Institute of Science Education and Research HBNIJatni 752050Indi

High transverse momentum(pT)particle production is suppressed owing to the parton(jet)energy loss in the hot dense medium created in relativistic heavy-ion *** of energy at low-to-modest pT has been difficult to measure,owing to large anisotropic *** report a data-driven method for background evaluation and subtraction,exploiting the away-side pseudorapidity gaps,to measure the jetlike correlation shape in Au+Au collisions at √sNN=200 GeV in the STAR *** correlation shapes,for trigger particles pT>3GeV/c and various associated particle pT ranges within 0.5

关键词： di-hadron correlations jet heavy-ion

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A Study of Attitudes toward Pharmaceutical Care during COVID-19 Pandemic in Tbilisi(Georgia)

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Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2021年第5期9卷 205-209页

作者： Eka Pruidze Tamaz Chumburidze Nino Nemsitsveradze Tamar Chikviladze Mariam Chrdileli Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy Tbilisi State Medical UniversityTbilisi 0186Geogia Faculty of Education and Psychology Eötvös Loránd UniversityBudapest 1518Hungary

Background:After the outbreak of COVID-19 in Georgia,the number of patients visiting pharmacies has *** became relevant to research the importance of Pharmaceutical Care inprevention of *** aim of the study was to understand the attitudes of patients and physicians regarding the involvement of pharmacists in prevention of COVID-19,after the spring and autumn waves of pandemic;also,what role can pharmacists take in the future and whether they can transfer Good Pharmaceutical Practice(GPP)to *** also tried to capture overall attitudes towards involving pharmacists in healthcare projects such as population rapid testing and ***:522 patients,1289 pharmacists,and 200 physicians were surveyed regarding their attitudes toward pharmaceutical care during COVID-19 ***:The study found that 82.2%of surveyed patients who visited pharmacy during pandemic bought medication and COVID-19 preventive items(face mask,disinfectants,etc.).Out of the surveyed participants,66.9%of patients and 77.1%of pharmacists believe that recommendations given by pharmacists play an important role in the prevention of *** also revealed that 76.6%of pharmacists and 79.3%of patients agree with the statement,the pharmacist should be able to decide whether to choose over-the-counter medications for a patient or refer the patient to a physician.91.8%of patients and 78.3%of pharmacists believe that during a pandemic pharmacist should provide patients who visit pharmacies with complaints of flu,cold,and fever with Pharmaceutical Care;which is agreed by 41.7%of physicians.63.1%of patients,52%of pharmacists,and 45%of physicians have a positive attitude towards administering rapid testing of COVID-19 by *** desire for pharmacists to be involved in vaccination was expressed most in patients(43.6%),followed by pharmacists(38.7%),and physicians(36.7%).Conclusions:The study showed similar attitudes of patients and pharmacists-Pharmaceut

关键词： Pharmaceutical Care COVID-19 Vaccination Rapid Testing.

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Recent advances on the synthesis and application of tetrahydro-γ-carbolines

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2023年第12期34卷 119-136页

作者： Haibo Mei Klára Aradi loránd Kiss Jianlin Han Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources Nanjing Forestry University Institute of Organic Chemistry Research Centre for Natural Sciences Stereochemistry Research Group

Tetrahydro-γ-carbolines(THγ Cs) constitute one of the most important subtypes of indole alkaloids. In addition to being substructures of natural products, these structural motifs and moieties can often be found in pharmaceuticals due to their diverse bioactivities such as antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal,antiparasitic, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and neuropharmacological activities. Beyond the pharmacological and biological aspects of these scaffolds, they have considerable synthetic applications for the construction of further bioactive compounds, too. The aim of this review is to summarize recent developments in the synthesis of this compound class.

关键词： Tetrahydro-γ -carbolines Synthetic methods Bioactive molecuels Asymmetric synthesis Indole Polycyclic compounds

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Evaluation of an interactive virtual surgical rotation during the COVID-19 pandemic

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2022年第4期8卷 302-307页

作者： Yasmeen M.Byrnes Neil N.Luu Ariel S.Frost Tiffany N.Chao Robert M.Brody Steven B.Cannady Karthik Rajasekaran Rabie M.Shanti Jason G.Newman Perelman School of Medicine at the university of Pennsylvania Jordan Medical Education Center3400 Civic Center BlvdPhiladelphia19104PAUSA Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head& Neck SurgeryHospital of the University of Pennsylvania3400 Spruce StreetPhiladelphia19104PAUSA

Objective:To evaluate medical student and attending surgeon experiences with a novel interactive virtual Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery(OHNS)medical student elective during the COVID-19 *** Design:A virtual OHNS elective was created,with three components:(1)interactive virtual operating room(OR)experience using live-stream video-conferencing,(2)telehealth clinic,(3)virtual ***:OHNS Department at the university of Pennsylvania(May 2020 to June 2020).Methods:Six medical students from the university of Pennsylvania;five attending *** surveys were designed and distributed to participating medical students and attending *** included 5-point Likert scale items,with 1 indicating"not at all"and 5 indicating"very much so".Results:Response rate was 100%for both *** on average rated the educational value of the telehealth experience as 4.2±1.2,and the virtual OR experience as 4.0±*** students(n=5,83%)indicated that they had enough exposure to faculty they met on this rotation to ask for a letter of recommendation(lor)for residency if needed,while attending surgeons had an average response of 3.0±1.0 when asked how comfortable they would feel writing a lor for a student they met through the rotation.A majority of students(n=4,67%)felt they connected enough with faculty during the rotation to ask for *** the students(n=5,50%)indicated that the rotation allowed them to evaluate the department's culture either"extremely well"or"somewhat well".Conclusions:Overall,participating students described this innovative virtual surgical rotation as an educationally and professionally valuable *** the continued suspension of visiting student rotations due to the COVID-19 pandemic,this virtual model may have continued relevance to medical education.

关键词： Virtual surgical education Otolaryngology Undergraduate medical education Covid-19 Telemedicine Surgical video capture

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Analytic time-of-flight positron emission tomography reconstruction: threedimensional case

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Visual Computing for Industry,Biomedicine,and Art 2020年第1期3卷 39-52页

作者： Gengsheng L.Zeng Ya Li Qiu Huang Department of Engineering Utah Valley University800 West University ParkwayOremUT 84058USA Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences University of Utah729 Arapeen DriveSalt Lake CityUT 84108USA Department of Mathematics Utah Valley University800 West University ParkwayOremUT 84058USA School of Biomedical Engineering Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai 200240China

In a positron emission tomography(PET)scanner,the time-of-flight(TOF)information gives us rough event position along the line-of-response(lor).Using the TOF information for PET image reconstruction is able to reduce image *** state-of-the-art TOF PET image reconstruction uses iterative *** study introduces an analytic TOF PET algorithm that focuses on three-dimensional(3D)*** proposed algorithm is in the form of backprojection filtering,in which the backprojection is performed first by using a time-resolution profile function,and then a 3D filter is applied to the backprojected *** the list-mode data,the backprojection is carried out in the event-by-event fashion,and the timing resolution determined weighting function is used along the projection *** simulations are carried out to verify the feasibility of the proposed algorithm.

关键词： Positron emission tomography Time-of-flight Analytic reconstruction

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