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Global achievements in sustainable land management

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2013年第1期1卷 1-10页

作者： Peter Motavalli Kelly Nelson Ranjith Udawatta Shibu Jose Sougata Bardhan environmental and atmos.sciences University of MissouriColumbiaMOUSA Division of Plant sciences University of MissouriColumbiaMOUSA Center for Agroforestry University of MissouriColumbiaMOUSA

Identification and development of sustainable land management is urgently required because of widespread resource degradation from poor land use *** addition,the world will need to increase food production to meet the nutritional needs of a growing global population without major environmental *** climate change and its impacts on the environment is an additional factor to consider in identifying and developing sustainable land use *** objectives of this paper are to:(1)provide a background to the need for sustainable land management,(2)identify some of its major components,and(3)discuss some examples of sustainable land management systems that are being practiced around the *** common components of this type of management are:(1)understanding the ecology of land management,(2)maintenance or enhancement of land productivity,(3)maintenance of soil quality,(4)increased diversity for higher stability and resilience,(5)provision of economic and ecosystem service benefits for communities,and(6)social *** examples of sustainable land management systems are discussed to illustrate the wide range of systems that have been developed around the world including agroforestry,conservation agriculture,and precision agricultural *** technology,allowing for geater environmental measurement and for improved access and sharing of information,provides opportunities to identify and develop more sustainable land management practices and systems for the future.

关键词： Soil degradation Ecosystem services Diversity Soil quality Agroforestry Conservation agriculture Precision agriculture

An novel identification method of the environmental risk sources for surfacewater pollution accidents in chemical industrial parks

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Journal of environmental sciences 2013年第7期25卷 1441-1449页

作者： Jianfeng Peng Yonghui Song Peng Yuan Shuhu Xiao Lu Han State Key Laboratory of environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Department of Urban Water environmental Research Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences

The chemical industry is a major source of various pollution accidents. Improving the management level of risk sources for pollution accidents has become an urgentdemand for most industrialized countries. In pollution accidents, the released chemicals harm the receptors to some extentdepending on their sensitivity or susceptibility. Therefore, identifying the potential risk sources from such a large number of chemical enterprises has become pressingly urgent. Based on the simulation of thewhole accident process, a novel and expandable identification method for risk sources causingwater pollution accidents is presented. The newlydeveloped approach, by analyzing and stimulating thewhole process of a pollution accident between sources and receptors, can be applied to identify risk sources, especially on the nationwide scale. Three major types of losses, such as social, economic and ecological losses,were normalized, analyzed and used for overall consequence modeling. A specific case study area, located in a chemical industry park （CIP） along the Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province, China,was selected to test the potential of the identification method. The results showed that therewere four risk sources for pollution accidents in this CIP. Aniline leakage in the HS Chemical Plantwould lead to the most serious impact on the surroundingwater environment. This potential accidentwould severelydamage the ecosystem up to3.8 kmdownstream of Yangtze River, and lead to pollution over adistance stretching to 73.7 kmdownstream. The proposed method is easily extended to the nationwide identification of potential risk sources.

关键词： water pollution accident risk source identification grading chemical industry parks

Chlorination pattern effect on thermodynamic parameters and environmental degradability for C_(10)-SCCPs: Quantum chemical calculation based on virtual combinational library

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Journal of environmental sciences 2016年第1期28卷 184-197页

作者： Yuzhen Sun Wenxiao Pan Yuan Lin Jianjie Fu Aiqian Zhang State Key Laboratory of environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences

Short-chain chlorinated paraffins（SCCPs） are still controversial candidates for inclusion in the Stockholm *** inherent mixture nature of SCCPs makes it rather difficult to explore their environmental behaviors.A virtual molecule library of 42,720 C10-SCCP congeners covering the full structure spectrum was *** explored the structural effects on the thermodynamic parameters and environmental degradability of C10-SCCPs through semi-empirical quantum chemical *** thermodynamic properties were acquired using the AM1 method,and frontier molecular orbital analysis was carried out to obtain the EHOMO,ELUMO and ELUMO-EHOMO for degradability exploration at the same *** influence of the chlorination degree（NCl on the relative stability and environmental degradation was elucidated.A novel structural descriptor,μ,was proposed to measure the dispersion of the chlorine atoms within a *** were significant correlations between thermodynamic values and NCl,while the reported NCl-dependent pollution profile of C10-SCCPs in environmental samples was basically consistent with the predicted order of formation stability of C10-SCCP *** addition,isomers with largeμ showed higher relative stability than those with small μ.This could be further verified by the relationship between μ and the reactivity of nucleophilic substitution and · OH attack *** C10-SCCP congeners with less Cl substitution and lower dispersion degree are susceptible to environmental degradation via nucleophilic substitution and hydroxyl radical attack,while direct photolysis of C10-SCCP congeners cannot readily occur due to the large ELUMO-EHOMO *** chlorination effect and the conclusions were further checked with appropriate density functional theory（DFT） calculations.

关键词： Short-chain chlorinated paraffins(SCCPs) Virtual combinational library Chlorination degree Chlorination dispersion Thermodynamic properties environmental degradability

We are integrating with the world-Journal of environmental sciences Journey of twenty five years

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Journal of environmental sciences 2013年第1期25卷 1-4页

作者： Qingcai Feng Xiaoshan Tie Editorial Office of Journal of environmental sciences

1 Initial construction of JESTwenty years ago, research on environmental science was extended beyond its initial scope including pollution source surveys, environmental pollution monitoring, and treatment of the ＂three wastes＂（waste water, waste gas, and solid waste） to a full concern with the behavior, tendencies and harmful effects of pollutants in the environment as well as the overall understanding of the ecosystem. environmental scientists came to realize that the solutions to environmental problems and their fields of study could no longer be restricted to a particular region or country, but needed exchanges with foreign scholars and transnational cooperation between scientists. However, at that time,

关键词： We are integrating with the world-Journal of environmental sciences Journey of twenty five years

A review of environmental characteristics and effects of low-molecular weight organic acids in the surface ecosystem

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Journal of environmental sciences 2014年第5期26卷 935-954页

作者： Min Xiao Fengchang Wu State Key Laboratory of environmental Geochemistry Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences

Low molecular weight organic acids （LMWOAs） are prevalent on the earth＇s surface. They are vital intermediate products during metabolic pathways of organic matter and participate in the tricarboxylic acid cycle during life activities. Photochemical reactions are pivotal for LMWOAs＇ origination and play a large role in determining their diversity and their ultimate fate. Within the long time that organic matter is preserved in sediments, it can be decomposed and converted to release organic and inorganic pollutants as well as C, N, and P nutrients, which are of potential ecological risk in causing secondary pollution to lake water. The sediment pool is a comprehensive and complex compartment closely associated with overlying water by various biochemical processes, during which LMWOAs play critical roles to transport and transform elements. This article elucidates geochemical behaviors of LMWOAs in the surface environment in details, taking natural water, soil, and aerosol as examples, focusing on reviewing research developments on sources and characteristics, migration and mineralization of LMWOAs and relevant environmental effects. Simultaneously, this review article depicts the categories and contents of LMWOAs or their contribution to DOC in environmental media, and evaluates their importance during organic matter early diagenesis. Through concluding and discussing the conversion mechanisms and influencing factors, the next research orientations on LMWOAs in lake ecosystems are determined, mainly concerning relationships with hydrochemical parameters and microorganisms, and interactions with pollutants. This will enrich the knowledge on organic matter degradation and related environmental effects, and help reconstruct a theoretical framework for organic compound succession and influencing factors, providing basic data for lake eutrophication and ecological risk assessment, conducive to better control over water pollution and proper management of water quality.

关键词： low molecular weight organic acids conversion mechanism pollutants environmental effects ecological risk management of water quality

Uncertainty analyses on the calculation of water environmental capacity by an innovative holistic method and its application to the Dongjiang River

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Journal of environmental sciences 2014年第9期26卷 1783-1790页

作者： Qiuwen Chen Qibin Wang Zhijie Li Ruonan Li Center for Eco-environmental Research Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute State Key Laboratory of environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of sciences

The estimation and allocation of water environmental capacity （WEC） are essential to water quality management and social-economic interests. However, there is inevitable uncertainty in the capacity estimation due to model conceptualization, data collection and parameter calibration. An innovative holistic approach was developed, which took both independence and relevance between parameters into account to analyze the uncertainties in WEC calculation and estimate the margin of safety. The Doniang River was taken as the case to demonstrate the method, focusing on the chemical oxygen demand and NH-N that were the two major water quality problems in the river. The results showed that the proposed holistic approach is very promising and applicable compared to traditional methods of uncertainty analysis.

关键词： Water environmental capacityModel uncertaintyHolistic approachDon^iang River

Prediction of the environmental fate and aquatic ecological impact of nitrobenzene in the Songhua River using the modified AQUATOX model

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Journal of environmental sciences 2008年第7期20卷 769-777页

作者： LEI Bingli HUANG Shengbiao QIAO Min State Key Laboratory of environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China

An accidental discharge of nitrobenzene happened in November 2005 in the Songhua River,*** AQUATOX model was modified and adapted to simulate the time-dependent nitrobenzene distribution in this multimedia aquatic system and its potential ecological *** concentrations in flowing water,sediment,and biota were *** on the initial concentrations of nitrobenzene observed in the field during the accidental discharge,that is,0.167-1.47 mg/L at different river segments, the predic...

关键词： nitrobenzene environmental fate ecological impact the Songhua River AQUATOX model

Processes and environmental significance of the subglacial chemical deposits in Tianshan Mountains

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Science China Earth sciences 2005年第9期48卷 1470-1478页

作者： LIU Gengnian LUO Risheng CAO Jun CUI Zhijiu College of environmental sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China College of Environmental Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China College of Environmental Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China College of Environmental Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China

On the bedrock surface of Glacier No.1 in the headwater of Urumqi River, Tianshan Mts., well layered and crystallized subglacial calcite precipitations were discovered. Based on observations and analysis of the surface form, sedimentary texture and structure, and chemical composition of the deposits, clues about the subglacial processes and environment are deduced. The radial-growth crustation texture of the deposits, which builds up in the saturated CaCO3 so- lution, proves the existence of pressure melting water and water films under Glacier No.1; and their rhythmic beddings, dissolved planes and unconformable contacts show that the water films responsible for the formation of these structures were in a wide range of spatial as well as tem- poral variations. Though formed under continental glacier in non-limestone area, the deposits are quite similar to those formed under temperate glaciers in limestone areas, a fact that shows a similar process of chemical precipitation between the two. Hence the enrichment of calcium in the subglacial melting water and the process of precipitation have actually little to do with the bedrock lithology and the glacier types. The cemented detritus in the deposits are rich in Fe and Al while depleted in K, Na and Si; also the included clay mineral consists mainly of illite, which reveals some weak chemical weathering under the continental glacier. The subglacial CaCO3 precipitates when plenty of Ca++ melt into the subglacial melting water on a comparatively en- closed ice-bedrock interface under a high CO2 partial pressure, the forming of subglacial chemical deposits therefore offers unequivocal evidence for the ongoing of subglacial chemical reactions.

关键词： subglacial processes, chemical deposits, continental glacier.

Disruption of iron homeostasis and resultant health effects upon exposure to various environmental pollutants:A critical review

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Journal of environmental sciences 2015年第8期27卷 155-164页

作者： Wenli Guo Jie Zhang Wenjun Li Ming Xu Sijin Liu State Key Laboratory of environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Stomatology Wuhan University

environmental pollution has become one of the greatest problems in the world, and the concerns about environmental pollutants released by human activities from agriculture and industrial production have been continuously increasing. Although intense efforts have been made to understand the health effects of environmental pollutants, most studies have only focused on direct toxic effects and failed to simultaneously evaluate the long-term adaptive, compensatory and secondary impacts on health. Burgeoning evidence suggests that environmental pollutants may directly or indirectly give rise to disordered element homeostasis, such as for iron. It is crucially important to maintain concerted cellular and systemic iron metabolism. Otherwise, disordered iron metabolism would lead to cytotoxicity and increased risk for various diseases, including cancers. Thus, study on the effects of environmental pollutants upon iron homeostasis is urgently needed. In this review, we recapitulate the available findings on the direct or indirect impacts of environmental pollutants, including persistent organic pollutants（POPs）, heavy metals and pesticides, on iron homeostasis and associated adverse health problems. In view of the unanswered questions, more efforts are warranted to investigate the disruptive effects of environmental pollutants on iron homeostasis and consequent toxicities.

关键词： Persistent organic pollutants Heavy metals Organophosphate pesticides Iron homeostasis Iron diseases Hepcidin Ferroportin