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Emerging organic contaminants of liquid crystal monomers:environmental occurrence,recycling and removal technologies,toxicities and health risks

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Eco-Environment & Health 2023年第3期2卷 131-141页

作者： Zhipeng Cheng Shaohan Zhang Huijun Su Haoduo Zhao Guanyong Su Mingliang Fang Lei Wang MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and environmental Criteria College of Environmental Science and EngineeringNankai UniversityTianjin 300350China Key Laboratory of environmental Remediation and Ecological Health Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologySchool of Environmental and Biological EngineeringNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China Department of environmental Science and Engineering The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill135 Dauer DriveChapel HillNC 27599USA Department of environmental Science and Engineering Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

Liquid crystal monomers(LCMs)are a family of synthetic organic chemicals applied in the liquid crystal displays(LCDs)of various electric and electronic products(e-products).Due to their unique properties(i.e.,persistence,bioaccumulative potential,and toxicity)and widespread environmental distributions,LCMs have attracted increasing attention across the *** studies have focused on the source,distribution,fate,and toxicity of LCMs;however,a comprehensive review is ***,we highlighted the persistence and bioaccumulation potential of LCMs by reviewing their physical–chemical *** naming rules were suggested to standardize the abbreviations regarding *** sources and occurrences of LCMs in different environmental compartments,including dust,sediment,soil,leachate,air and particulate,human serum,and biota samples,were *** is concluded that the LCMs in the environment mainly originate from the usage and disassembly of eproducts with ***,the review of the potential recycling and removal technologies regarding LCMs from waste LCD panels suggests that a combination of natural attenuation and physic-chemical remediation should be developed for LCMs remediations in the *** reviewing the health risks and toxicity of LCMs,it is found that a large gap exists in their toxicity and risk to *** fate and toxicity investigation of LCMs,and further investigations on the effects on the human exposure risks of LCMs to residents,especially to occupational workers,should be considered in the future.

关键词： Liquid crystal monomers Occurrences Removal Human exposure Toxicity

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environmental deterioration of farmlands caused by the irrational use of agricultural technologies

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Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2016年第4期10卷 3-5页

作者： Xubin Pan Zhongkui Luo Yongbo Liu Institute of Plant Quarantine Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine Beijing 100029 China CSIRO Agriculture Black Mountain ACT 2913 Australia State Key Laboratory of environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing 100012 China

Without considering the ecosystem-depen- dence of agricultural production, irrational use of agricultural technologies could bring only short-term economic benefits but leave long-term environmental deterioration. If some agricultural lands have to be abandoned because of these technologies such as chemical films or groundwater depletion, it will aggravate the burden of remaining lands for maintaining or enhancing production. Thus, agricultural production should be a part of public services, requiring the consideration of interests of different stakeholders and sustainability.

关键词： agricultural film groundwater exploitation food security environmental cost

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Simulation-based environmental-impact assessment of glycerol-to-hydrogen conversion technologies

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Clean Energy 2021年第3期5卷 387-402页

作者： Yehia F.Khalil Department of Chemical&environmental Engineering Yale UniversityNew HavenCT 06520USA

This simulation-based comparative assessment aims to quantify the environmental and human-health impacts of greener hydrogen(H2)production via three glycerol-based technologies,including:supercritical water reforming(SCWR),aqueous-phase reforming(APR)and autothermal reforming(ATR).The GaBi(2018 edition)life-cycle assessment(LCA)platform is used to develop cradle-to-gate product system models for these technologies and the TRACI 2.1 methodology is used to quantify their midpoint impact *** HYSYS(v11)process-simulation software is used to generate the life-cycle inventory(LCI)primary data required to produce 1 kg of H2 via each of the indicated glycerol-reforming *** ISO 14040:2006 reporting requirements for the LCA results interpretation step,three base case(BC)scenarios and four sensitivity scenarios(SS)are developed and quantified to compare the effects of different process electricity sources(US grid mix versus wind power)and thermal energy sources(natural gas versus biogas)on the LCA *** high operating pressure(viz.240 bar)of SCWR enabled assessment of the impact of in situ electricity generation to offset some of electricity required for this *** major insights from this research are as follows:(i)per 1 kg of produced H2,APR reduces CO_(2) emissions by≈95%compared to ATR and by≈92%compared to SCWR,(ii)for BC scenarios,the primary energy consumption(in MJ/kg of produced H2)is in the following order from highest to lowest:ATR>SCWR>APR and(iii)H2 production via glycerol APR is more environmentally sustainable than SCWR and ATR,and thus offers a promising path for greener H2 *** environmental sustainability studies should focus on expanding the scope of this study to include H2 production via water electrolysis using renewable electricity sources and via solar and nuclear-driven thermochemical water splitting.

关键词： glycerol hydrogen impact categories reforming supercritical water valorization

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Bimetallic Single‑Atom Catalysts for Water Splitting

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 1-45页

作者： Megha A.Deshmukh Aristides Bakandritsos Radek Zbořil Nanotechnology Centre Centre for Energy and Environmental TechnologiesVŠB–Technical University of Ostrava17.listopadu 2172/1570800 Ostrava‑PorubaCzech Republic Regional Centre of Advanced technologies and Materials Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute(CATRIN)Palacky University OlomoucŠlechtitelů241/2778371 Olomouc–HoliceCzech Republic

Green hydrogen from water splitting has emerged as a critical energy vector with the potential to spearhead the global transition to a fossil fuel-independent *** field of catalysis has been revolutionized by single-atom catalysts(SACs),which exhibit unique and intricate interactions between atomically dispersed metal atoms and their ***,bimetallic SACs(bimSACs)have garnered significant attention for leveraging the synergistic functions of two metal ions coordinated on appropriately designed *** offer an avenue for rich metal–metal and metal–support cooperativity,potentially addressing current limitations of SACs in effectively furnishing transformations which involve synchronous proton–electron exchanges,substrate activation with reversible redox cycles,simultaneous multi-electron transfer,regulation of spin states,tuning of electronic properties,and cyclic transition states with low activation *** review aims to encapsulate the growing advancements in bimSACs,with an emphasis on their pivotal role in hydrogen generation via water *** subsequently delve into advanced experimental methodologies for the elaborate characterization of SACs,elucidate their electronic properties,and discuss their local coordination ***,we present comprehensive discussion on the deployment of bimSACs in both hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen evolution reaction,the two half-reactions of the water electrolysis process.

关键词： Single-atom catalysts Single-atom dimers Hydrogen evolution Oxygen evolution Water splitting

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Advancing sustainability:Magnesium-based solutions for environmental challenges and high-performance technologies in superconductivity

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第4期12卷 1257-1259页

作者： Muralidhar Miryala Materials for Energy and environmental Laboratory Shibaura Institute of Technology3-7-5 ToyosuKoto-KuTokyo 135-8548Japan

The Journal of Magnesium and Alloys(JMA)is actively dedicated to addressing crucial issues related to energy con-servation,emission reduction,energy crises,and sustainable development[1].Magnesium,recognized as the lightest com-mercial structural metal and a promising energy storage ma-terial,holds immense potential in contributing to strategic objectives such as achieving“carbon neutrality”and the“emission peak”,thus mitigating the ongoing energy cri-sis[2].JMA diligently reports on various research fronts,including magnesium-based structural materials,magnesium batteries,magnesium-based hydrogen storage materials,and magnesium-based superconducting super magnets[3].

关键词： magnesium holds structural

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Co/Co_(7)Fe_(3)heterostructures with controllable alloying degree on carbon spheres as bifunctional electrocatalyst forrechargeable zinc-air batteries

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第2期32卷 476-487页

作者： Junkang Chen Yongyue Zhuang Yanxin Qiao Yu Zhang Aihua Yuan Hu Zhou School of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212003China School of environmental and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212003China

Exploring efficient and nonprecious metal electrocatalysts of oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)is crucial for developing rechargeable zinc-air batteries(ZABs).Herein,an alloying-degree control strategy was employed to fabricate nitrogen-doped carbon sphere(NCS)decorated with dual-phase Co/Co_(7)Fe_(3)heterojunctions(CoFe@NCS).The phase composition of materials has been adjusted by controlling the alloying *** optimal CoFe_(0.08)@NCS electrocatalyst displays a half-wave potential of 0.80 V for ORR and an overpotential of 283 mV at 10 mA·cm^(-2)for OER in an alkaline *** intriguing bifunctional electrocatalytic activity and durability is attributed to the hierarchically porous structure and interfacial electron coupling of highly-active Co_(7)Fe_(3)alloy and metallic Co *** the CoFe_(0.08)@NCS material is used as air-cathode catalyst of rechargeable liquid-state zinc-air battery(ZAB),the device shows a high peak power-density(157 mW·cm^(-2))and maintains a stable voltage gap over 150 h,outperforming those of the benchmark(Pt/C+RuO_(2))-based *** particular,the as-fabricated solid-state flexible ZAB delivers a reliable compatibility under different bending *** work provides a promising strategy to develop metal/alloy-based electrocatalysts for the application in renewable energy conversion technologies.

关键词： bifunctional electrocatalysts oxygen reduction reaction oxygen evolution reaction zinc-air battery metal/alloy carbon sphere

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Spatial analysis of plant detritus processing in a Mediterranean River type: the case of the River Tirso Basin, Sardinia, Italy

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2003年第2期15卷 227-240页

作者： Maurizio Pinna Franca Sangiorgio Alessio Fonnesu Alberto Basset Department of Biological and environmental Sciences and technologies University of LecceDepartment of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies University of LecceDepartment of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies University of LecceDepartment of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies University of Lecce 73100 Lecce Italy73100 Lecce Italy73100 Lecce Italy73100 Lecce Italy

The river continuum concept represents the most general framework addressing the spatial variation of both structure and function in river ecosystems. In the Mediterranean ecoregion, summer drought events and dams constitute the main sources of local disturbance to the structure and functioning of river ecosystems occurring in the river basin. In this study, we analysed patterns of spatial variation of detritus processing in a 7th order river of the Mediterranean ecoregion(River Tirso, Sardinia-Italy) and in three 4th order sub-basins which were exposed to different summer drought pressures. The study was carried out on Phragmites australis and Alnus glutinosa leaf detritus at 31 field sites in seasonal field experiment Detritus processing rates were higher for Alnus glutinosa than for Phragmites australis plant detritus. Processing rates of Alnus glutinosa leaves varied among seasons and study sites from 0.006 d -1 to 0.189 d -1 and those of Phragmites australis leaves ranged from 0.0008 d -1 to 0.102 d -1, with the lowest values occurring at sites exposed to summer drought. Seasons and sites accounted for a significant proportion of such variability. Alder detritus decay rates generally decreased with increasing stream order, while reed detritus decay rates generally increased on the same spatial gradient. Summer drought events affected these spatial patterns of variation by influencing significantly the decay rates of both plant detritus. The comparisons among and within sub-basins showed strong negative influence of summer drought on detritus processing rates. Similarly, in the entire River Tirso basin decay rates were always lower at disturbed than at undisturbed sites for each stream order; decay rates of reed detritus remained lower at those sites even after the end of the disturbance events, while alder decay rates recovered rapidly from the summer drought perturbations. The different recovery of the processing rates of the two leaves could also

关键词： ecosystem processes spatial patterns disturbance Mediterranean ecosystem type

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Electrochemical conversion of methane to bridge the gap in the artificial carbon cycle

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 286-308页

作者： Yuhao Peng Yuefeng Song Ihar Razanau Juanxiu Xiao Wei Xiao Di Hu Guoxiong Wang College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Hubei Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Power Sources Wuhan University State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials) Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Laboratory of Physical-Chemical technologies SSPA Scientific and Practical Materials Research Centre of NAS of Belarus State Key Laboratory of Marine Resources Utilization in South China Sea Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology School of Marine Science and Engineering Hainan University Department of Chemical and environmental Engineering University of Nottingham Ningbo China

Methane, an abundant one-carbon（C1） resource, is extensively used in the industrial production of vital fuels and value-added chemicals. However, current industrial methane conversion technologies are energy-and carbon-intensive, mainly due to the high activation energy required to break the inert C–H bond, low selectivity, and problematic side reactions, including CO2emissions and coke deposition. Electrochemical conversion of methane（ECM） using intermittent renewable energy offers an attractive solution, due to its modular reactor design and operational flexibility across a broad spectrum of temperatures and pressures. This review emphasizes conversion pathways of methane in various reaction systems, highlighting the significance and advantages of ECM in facilitating a sustainable artificial carbon cycle. This work provides a comprehensive overview of conventional methane activation mechanisms and delineates the complete pathways of methane conversion in electrolysis contexts. Based on surface/interface chemistry, this work systematically analyzes proposed reaction pathways and corresponding strategies to enhance ECM efficiency towards various target products, including syngas, hydrocarbons, oxygenates, and advanced carbon materials. The discussion also encompasses opportunities and challenges for the ECM process, including insights into ECM pathways, rational electrocatalyst design, establishment of benchmarking protocols, electrolyte engineering, enhancement of CH4conversion rates, and minimization of CO2emission.

关键词： Methane Electrochemical conversion Reaction mechanism Catalyst design Electrode Electrocatalysis

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Study of reverse osmosis membranes fouling by inorganic salts and colloidal particles during seawater desalination

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2020年第3期28卷 733-742页

作者： Santiago Gutiérrez Ruiz Juan Antonio López-Ramírez Mohammed Hassani Zerrouk Agata Egea-Corbacho Lopera JoséMaría Quiroga Alonso Department of environmental technologies Faculty of Marine and Environmental SciencesUniversity of Cadiz11510Puerto RealCadizSpain

Fouling phenomenon is considered among the major reasons that cause significant increase of operating cost of desalination plants equipped with reverse osmosis(RO)*** phenomenon is studied in the present work in the case of RO polyamide aromatic membranes using model seawater containing inorganic salts and colloidal *** solubility conditions of CaCO3 and CaSO4 were applied to study RO performances with and without colloid *** experiments,the membrane permeate fluxes were continuously ***,studies of chemical composition,structure,and morphology of the materials deposited on the membrane surface were conducted using energy dispersive microanalysis(EDS)X-ray diffraction and scanning electronic microscopy(SEM).Results show that in conditions of calcium carbonate oversaturation there is a reduction in the permeate flow of 11.2%due to fouling of the membrane by the precipitation of this *** in the same conditions of calcium sulphate oversaturation the reduction of the flow is 5%,so we can conclude that in conditions of oversaturation of both salts,calcium carbonate produces a greater fouling of the membrane that in its view causes greater decrease in the flow of *** this based on the results of the test with both salts in oversaturated *** in the formation of calcite and gypsum crystals onto the membranes as XRD analyses *** presence of colloidal silica in those conditions intensifies strongly the fouling,leading until to 24.1%of permeate flux decrease.

关键词： Reverse osmosis Desalination Fouling Seawater Scaling

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Increasing the Efficiency and Level of environmental Safety of Pro-environmental City Heat Supply technologies by Low Power Nuclear Plants

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World Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology 2024年第2期14卷 107-117页

作者： Vladimir Kravchenko Igor Kozlov Volodymyr Vashchenko Iryna Korduba Andrew Overchenko Serhii Tsybytovskyi Department of Nuclear Power Plants Odesa Polytechnic National University Odesa Ukraine Interdepartmental Scientific Center for Fundamental Research on Energy and Ecology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine &#8220Odesa Polytechnic&#8221 and Ministry of Ecology of Ukraine Odesa Ukraine Department of environmental Protection and Labor Protection technologies Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture Kyiv Ukraine

In connection with the current prospect of decarbonization of coal energy through the use of small nuclear power plants (SNPPs) at existing TPPs as heat sources for heat supply to municipal heating networks, there is a technological need to improve heat supply schemes to increase their environmental friendliness and efficiency. The paper proves the feasibility of using the heat-feeding mode of ASHPs for urban heat supply by heating the network water with steam taken from the turbine. The ratio of electric and thermal power of a “nuclear” combined heat and power plant is given. The advantage of using a heat pump, which provides twice as much electrical power with the same heat output, is established. Taking into account that heat in these modes is supplied with different potential, the energy efficiency was used to compare these options. To increase the heat supply capacity, a scheme with the use of a high-pressure heater in the backpressure mode and with the heating of network water with hot steam was proposed. Heat supply from ASHPs is efficient and environmentally friendly even in the case of significant remoteness of heat consumers.

关键词： Low-Capacity Nuclear Power Plants environmental Friendliness of the Thermal Power Generation Mode Heat Generation Condensation Mode Heat Supply

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