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Journal of environmental Sciences 2015年第9期27卷 20-26页

作者： Guoqiang Zhou Ziwen Chen Fei Fang Yuefeng He Haili Sun Huixiang Shi Department of environmental engineering Zhejiang University

For the paper industry, the disposal and management of the yielded sludge are a considerable challenge. In our work, the paper mill sludge-derived magnetically separable heterogeneous catalyst（PMS-Fe-380） was prepared easily through a facile synthesis method. The morphology and structure of PMS-Fe-380 were fully characterized by means of X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and Brunauer–Emmet–Teller analysis. The catalytic activity of PMS-Fe-380 was evaluated by degradation of Methylene Blue（MB）. The reusability and stability of PMS-Fe-380 were evaluated in five repeated runs, which suggested that PMS-Fe-380 manifested excellent stability of catalytic activity. Moreover,leaching tests indicated that the leached iron is negligible（〈0.5 mg/L）. This study provides an alternative environmentally friendly reuse method for paper mill sludge and a novel catalyst PMS-Fe-380 that can be considered as a promising heterogeneous Fenton-like catalyst.

关键词： Paper mill sludge Heterogeneous catalyst Methylene Blue

Application of stimulating agents on the immobilized bioluminescence strain Pseudomonas putida mt-2 KG1206,preserved by deep-freezing,for the convenient biomonitoring

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2010年第9期22卷 1475-1480页

作者： In Chul Kong Department of environmental engineering Yeungnam University

This study was conducted to develop methods for the application of an immobilized bioluminescence strain （KG1206）, preserved by deep-freezing （DF）, for the monitoring of contaminated environments. The immobilized cells, preserved by DF, required approximately 2 hr for reconstitution of their activity. A large reduction in bioluminescence was observed due to the DF process; 0.07-0.58 times that of the non deep-frozen （NDF） immobilized strain. The decreased bioluminescence activity induced by the DF process was enhanced by the stimulants, sodium lactate （SL） and KNO3. However, regardless of the inducer chemical tested, the immobilized strain modified with KNO3 consistently produced greater bioluminescence than that treated with SL, in the range of 3.0-10.7 （avg. 6.7± 3.69） and 1.2-4.2 （avg. 2.4 ± 1.47） times that of control, respectively. All KNO3 treatments of contaminated groundwater samples also resulted in an increase in bioluminescence activity, but the rate of stimulation varied for each sample. Also, no strong linear correlation was observed between the bioluminescence and the total concentration of an inducer, which may related to the complex characteristics of the environmental samples. Overall, the results demonstrated the ability of immobilized genetically engineered bacteria, preserved by DF, to measure a specific group of environmental contaminants using a stimulating agent （KNO3）, suggesting the potential for its preliminary application in a field-ready bioassay.

关键词： bioluminescence biomonitoring deep-freezing groundwater immobilization

Effects of loading rate and hydraulic residence time on anoxic sulfide biooxidation

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & engineering) 2007年第7期8卷 1149-1156页

作者： MAHMOOD Qaisar ISLAM Ejazul Department of environmental engineering Zhejiang University

The optimal operation conditions in an anoxic sulfide oxidizing (ASO) bioreactor were investigated. The maximal removal rates for sulfide and nitrate were found to be 4.18 kg/(m3·d) and 1.73 kg/(m3·d), respectively. The volumetrical volumetric loading rates (LRs) observed through decreasing hydraulic retention time (HRT) at fixed substrate concentration are higher than those by increasing substrate concentration at fixed HRT. The sulfide oxidation in ASO reactor was partially producing both sulfate and sulfur; but the amount of sulfate produced was approximately one third that of sulfur. The process was able to tolerate high sulfide concentration, as the sulfide removal percentage always remained near 99% when influent concentration was up to 580 mg/L. It tolerated relatively lower nitrate concentration because the removal percentage dropped to 85% when influent con- centration was increased above 110 mg/L. The process can tolerate shorter HRT but careful operation is needed. Nitrate conversion was more sensitive to HRT than sulfide conversion since the process performance deteriorated abruptly when HRT was decreased from 3.12 h to 2.88 h. In order to avoid nitrite accumulation in the reactor, the influent sulfide and nitrate concentrations should be kept at 280 mg/L and 67.5 mg/L respectively. Present biotechnology is useful for removing sulfides from sewers and crude oil.

关键词： Anaerobic processes Anoxic nitrate removal Biodesulfurization Biotransformation Fluidized bed bioreactors Hydraulic residence time (HRT)

Photodegradation of Orange Ⅱ using waste paper sludge-derived heterogeneous catalyst in the presence of oxalate under ultraviolet light emitting diode irradiation

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2016年第9期28卷 63-70页

作者： Guoqiang Zhou Jinyi Guo Guowang Zhou Xiankai Wan Huixiang Shi Department of environmental engineering Zhejiang University

A waste paper sludge-derived heterogeneous catalyst（WPS-Fe-350） was synthesized via a facile method and successfully applied for the degradation of Orange Ⅱ in the presence of oxalic acid under the illumination of ultraviolet light emitting diode（UV-LED） Powder X-ray diffraction,Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy,scanning electronic microscopy and N2 sorption isotherm analysis indicated the formation of α-Fe2O3 in the mesoporous *** degradation test showed that WPS-Fe-350 exhibited rapid Orange Ⅱ（OⅡ） degradation and mineralization in the presence of oxalic acid under the illumination of *** effects of p H,oxalic acid concentration and dosage of the catalyst on the degradation of OⅡ were evaluated,*** the optimal conditions（1 g/L catalyst dosage,2 mmol/L oxalic acid and p H 3.0）,the degradation percentage for a solution containing 30 mg/L OⅡ reached 83.4% under illumination by UV-LED for 80 ***,five cyclic tests for OⅡ degradation suggested that WPS-Fe-350 exhibited excellent stability of catalytic ***,this study provides an alternative environmentally friendly way to reuse waste paper sludge and an effective and economically viable method for degradation of azo dyes and other refractory organic pollutants in water.

关键词： Heterogeneous catalyst Waste paper sludge Oxalic acid Orange Ⅱ

Impacts of wastewater sludge amendments in restoring nitrogen cycle in p-nitrophenol contaminated soil

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2011年第4期23卷 616-623页

作者： F. Olcay Topac Sagban Department of environmental engineering Uludag University

The possible impacts on nitrogen-cycle in a p-nitrophenol （PNP） polluted soil and the effectiveness of wastewater sludge amendments in restoring nitrification potential and urease activity were evaluated by an incubation study. The results indicated that PNP at 250 mg/kg soil inhibited urease activity, nitrification potential, arginine ammonification rate and heterotrophic bacteria counts to some extents. After exposure to PNP, the nitrification potential of the tested soil was dramatically reduced to zero over a period of 30 days. Based on the findings, nitrification potential was postulated as a simple biochemical indicator for PNP pollution in soils. Nitrogen-cycling processes in soils responded positively to the applications of wastewater sludges. A sludge application rate of 200 tons/ha was sufficient for successful biostimulation of these nitrogen processes. The microbial activities in sludge-amended, heavy PNP-polluted soils seemed to recover after 30–45 days, indicating the effectiveness of sludge as a useful soil amendment.

关键词： p-nitrophenol wastewater sludge soil pollution nitrogen-cycle biostimulation

Transforming waste particles into valuable adsorbents via amyloid-mediated molecular engineering

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第01期 317-328页

作者： Qingmin Yang Jian Zhao Yujia Zhang Xingyu Zhou Hao Ren Bowen Hu Zhongli Lei Lixin Chen Peng Yang School of Material and Chemical engineering Bengbu University Anhui Provincial engineering Laboratory of Silicon-Based Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShaanxi Normal University Xi'an Key Laboratory of Polymeric Soft Matter School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University International Joint Research Center on Functional Fiber and Soft Smart Textile School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShaanxi Normal University

The high-value utilization of industrial solid waste using a facile and eco-friendly process is of great interest and significance in reducing environmental pollution and developing a green circular economy. Herein, we propose an amyloid-mediated molecular engineering strategy to transform particulate waste into valuable adsorbents for metal ions. Our method has the advantage of aqueous solution fabrication under mild conditions without the use of high-temperature hydrothermal methods and toxic chemical reagents. Amyloid-mediated molecular engineering manipulates the phase transition of bovine serum albumin(BSA)on particulate waste surfaces, resulting in a remarkable ～3.1 times improvement in the adsorption capacity of fly ash, a typical industrial solid waste for gold ions after modification with the phase-transitioned BSA(PTB). The resultant adsorption ability was 69–1,980 times higher than those of conventional and emerging adsorbent materials such as ion exchange resins, activated carbon(AC), covalent organic frameworks(COFs), and metal-organic frameworks(MOFs). We further demonstrated the application of our PTB-modified materials in the recovery of precious metals from low-grade gold ore and electronic waste leachates. Consequently, this strategy could increase the value of waste materials nearly 27 times. In addition, this method is generally extendable to other conventional industrial adsorbents such as resin, clay, and Al2O3, and enhances their adsorption capabilities at least twofold. Overall, this work provides a simple and green approach for improving the adsorption performance of solid particles, and is expected to develop into a universal strategy for transforming waste particles into high-value-added products.

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Application of entransy dissipation based thermal resistance to design optimization of a novel finless evaporator

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2016年第10期59卷 1486-1493页

作者： HUANG ZhiWei LI ZhenNing HWANG Yunho RADERMACHER Reinhard Center for environmental Energy engineering School of Engineering University of Maryland

Entransy has been applied and studied in a broad range of heat transfer optimizations recently. Current study proposes the entransy of evaporators to conduct the optimization of heat exchangers in heating, ventilation, air conditioning and refrigeration systems. A novel finless bare tube heat exchanger was studied using a validated heat exchanger modeling tool. The capacity based optimization and entransy dissipation based thermal resistance were used and compared. The applicability of using entransy dissipation based thermal resistance in this type of heat exchanger optimization has been discussed. It has been demonstrated that minimizing entransy dissipation and maximizing capacity are equivalent to optimizing evaporators with fixed flow rates and different when optimizing evaporators with variable flow rates and the deviation is negligible when heat exchanger capacity is small(~1 k W) and more obvious as heat exchanger capacity increases. Thus entransy dissipation based thermal resistance could be used as an alternative optimization index to capacity for evaporators with fixed flow rate and small capacity evaporators with variable flow rates and should be used individually with capacity as an optimization index for evaporators with large capacity and variable flow rates.

关键词： entransy heat exchanger optimization bare tube evaporator

Antibacterial potency of housefly larvae extract from sewage sludge through bioconversion

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2013年第9期25卷 1897-1905页

作者： Chaocheng Zheng Lixiang Zhou Department of environmental engineering College of Resources and Environmental Science Nanjing Agricultural University

Use of the fly to convert sewage sludge into nutrient-rich soil conditioner and amendment is an attractive approach for sludge bioconversion. During this process, fecal coliforms, an indicating pathogen, in sludge were reduced to 5.3 × 102 most probable number /g dry solid from initial 3.32 × 106 MPN/g dry solid. It was also found that the extract of larvae grown in sludge during bioconversion have an observable inhibitory effect against bacteria compared to larvae grown in wheat bran as measured by minimum bacterial concentration tests. In vitro antimicrobial assay tests over time also showed that the extract had strong inhibitory efficiencies of ca. 99% against Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Serratia marcescens, while the efficiency was 69% and 57% against Bacillus subtilis and Klebsiella pneumoniae, respectively. The observed pathogenic bacterial cell membrane damage was found to be responsible for the phenomenon mentioned above, with nuclear acids leaching out quickly and alkaline phosphatase increasing in the outer membrane, followed by an increase of β-galactosidase in the inner membrane. Clearly, housefly larvae extract from sewage sludge through bioconversion possesses antibacterial potency against pathogenic bacteria.

关键词： sewage sludge larvae extract anti-bacterial membrane permeability

Quantification of emission reduction potentials of primary air pollutants from residential solid fuel combustion by adopting cleaner fuels in China

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2015年第11期27卷 1-7页

作者： Guofeng Shen Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of environmental engineering Jiangsu Academy of Environmental Sciences

Residential low efficient fuel burning is a major source of many air pollutants produced during incomplete combustions, and household air pollution has been identified as one of the top environmental risk factors. Here we compiled literature-reported emission factors of pollutants including carbon monoxide（CO）, total suspended particles（TSPs）, PM2.5, organic carbon（OC）,elemental carbon（EC） and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons（PAHs） for different household energy sources, and quantified the potential for emission reduction by clean fuel adoption. The burning of crop straws, firewood and coal chunks in residential stoves had high emissions per unit fuel mass but lower thermal efficiencies, resulting in high levels of pollution emissions per unit of useful energy, whereas pelletized biofuels and coal briquettes had lower pollutant emissions and higher thermal efficiencies. Briquetting coal may lead to 82%–88% CO, 74%–99%TSP, 73%–76% PM2.5, 64%–98% OC, 92%–99% EC and 80%–83% PAH reductions compared to raw chunk coal. Biomass pelletizing technology would achieve 88%–97% CO, 73%–87% TSP, 79%–88%PM2.5, 94%–96% OC, 91%–99% EC and 63%–96% PAH reduction compared to biomass burning. The adoption of gas fuels（i.e., liquid petroleum gas, natural gas） would achieve significant pollutant reduction, nearly 96% for targeted pollutants. The reduction is related not only to fuel change, but also to the usage of high efficiency stoves.

关键词： Household solid fuel use Air pollutants Clean fuel intervention Emission reduction

The difference of morphological characteristics and population structure in PAO and DPAO granular sludges

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2019年第2期31卷 388-402页

作者： Geumhee Yun Hansaem Lee Yongsuk Hong Sungpyo Kim Glen T.Daigger Zuwhan Yun Department of environmental engineering Korea University Hyundai engineering & Construction Co. Ltd. Department of Civil and environmental engineering University of Michigan

We examined how long-term operation of anaerobic–oxic and anaerobic–anoxic sequencing batch reactors(SBRs) affects the enhanced biological phosphorus removal(EBPR)performance and sludge characteristics. The microbial characteristics of phosphorus accumulating organism(PAO) and denitrifying PAO(DPAO) sludge were also analyzed through a quantitative analysis of microbial community structure. Compared with the initial stage of operation characterized by unstable EBPR, both PAO and DPAO SBR produced a stable EBPR performance after about 100-day operation. From day 200 days(DPAO SBR)and 250 days(PAO SBR) onward, sludge granulation was observed, and the average granule size of DPAO SBR was approximately 5 times larger than that of PAO SBR. The DPAO granular sludge contained mainly rod-type microbes, whereas the PAO granular sludge contained coccus-type microbes. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis revealed that a high ratio of Accumulibacter clade I was found only in DPAO SBR, revealing the important role of this organism in the denitrifying EBPR system. A pyrosequencing analysis showed that Accumulibacter phosphatis was present in PAO sludge at a high proportion of 6%,whereas it rarely observed in DPAO sludge. Dechloromonas was observed in both PAO sludge(3.3%) and DPAO sludge(3.2%), confirming that this organism can use both O_2 and NO_3^- as electron acceptors. Further, Thauera spp. was identified to have a new possibility as denitrifier capable of phosphorous uptake under anoxic condition.

关键词： Accumulibacter phosphatis Dechloromonas Granulation Pyrosequencing Thauera