检索结果-南通市图书馆

Vehicle and pedestrian safety impacts of signal timing optimization in a dense urban street network

Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2016年第1期3卷 16-27页

作者： Arash M.Roshandeh Zongzhi Li Shengrui Zhang Herbert S.Leuinson Xi Lu Department of Engineering and Public Works City of AlpharettaGA 30009USA Department of civil Architectural and Environmental Engineeringillinois Institute of TechnologyChicagoIL 60616USA School of Highway Chang'an UniuersityXi'an 710064China Herbert S.Leuinson Transportation consultant New HauenCT 06492USA

Intersection signal timing optimization is expected to affect both traffic mobility and safety. However, in safety impacts analysis, the existing studies mainly focus on estimating changes in vehicle crashes without addressing the influence of pedestrian related crashes. This study aims to simultaneously assess the overall impacts of vehicle and pedestrian crashes caused by signal timing optimization in dense urban street networks. An empirical Bayesian analysis method was introduced to estimate the safety impacts of intersection signal timing optimization in an urban street network in terms of vehicle-tovehicle and vehicle-to-pedestrian crashes at intersections, as well as single and multiple vehicle crashes on street segments. A computational experiment was performed to apply the proposed method to the Chicago central business district that includes 875 signalized intersections and 2016 roadway segments. Results show that vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-pedestrian crashes at intersections are decreased in different crash severity levels and types, especially for angle and rear-end ones after signal timing optimization. Similar results are found for multi-vehicle rear-end crashes on street segments. These indicate that intersection signal timing optimization in dense urban street networks has a potential for improving traffic mobility, vehicle and pedestrian safety at intersections, and vehicle safety on street segments.

关键词： SignalOptimizationSafetyVehiclePedestrianEmpirical Bayesian analysis

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Review and Analysis: United States Secret Wars in Cambodia: Long-Term Impacts and Consequences

引用

Open Journal of Soil Science 2023年第7期13卷 295-328页

作者： Kenneth Ray Olson David Richard Speidel College of Agricultural Consumer and Environmental Sciences University of Illinois Urbana USA USDA Resource Conservationist and Agricultural consultant with Natural Resource Conservation Service and Foreign Agricultural Service Benton USA

The People’s Army of Vietnam (PAVN) decided to use conventional warfare to unify Vietnam. The United States military operation against the Ho Chi Minh Trail traffic began in 1959. The (PAVN) connected a series of old trails leading from North Vietnam to South Vietnam via Laos and Cambodia. In the 1960s the network of trails was expanded. Trail traffic was interdicted by repeated CIA (Air America) and US Air Force (Operation Ranch Hand) tactical herbicide spraying and bombing missions. During the late 1960s, the Khmer Rouge Army slowly grew in eastern Cambodia during a time when America was spraying and bombing the Ho Chi Minh Trail. On February 22, 1969, the PAVN launched a new offensive against American forces in South Vietnam from their sanctuaries in Cambodia. President Richard Nixon and Dr. Henry Kissinger, decided to spray and bomb Cambodia, a neutral country, to eliminate the PAVN sanctuary base camps. The damage and loss of life as a result of U.S. air campaign resulted in the insurgency (Khmer Rouge) being able to recruit civilian members. This created a dual effect of strengthening the popularity of the Khmer Rouge, led by Pol Pot, enabling him to overthrow the Khmer Republic in 1975. The primary objectives of this study are to determine the political impacts and consequences of: 1) the 1959 United States secret war on the Ho Chi Minh Trail in Cambodia and 2) the 1969 President Nixon’s decision to destroy the PAVN bases hidden in the Cambodian jungles. These United States secret wars in Cambodia had long-lasting effects on Cambodian political, social, and economic stability.

关键词： Ho Chi Minh Trail Khmer Rouge Cambodia Secret American War Pol Pot Killing Fields

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction and Its Indicators——Where Does Health Fit in?

引用

International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2017年第2期8卷 150-155页

作者： Rishma Maini Lorcan Clarke Kevin Blanchard Virginia Murray Public Health Registrar in Global Disaster Risk Reduction Public Health England Research Analyst Intern in Global Disaster Risk Reduction Public Health England Senior environmental Scientist in Global Disaster Risk Reduction Public Health England Public Health consultant in Global Disaster Risk Reduction Public Health England United Nations International Strategy for Disaster ReductionScientific and Technical Advisory Group Integrated Research on Disaster Risk Reduction Scientific Committee

The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 recognizes the strong connection between health and disasters and promotes the concept of health resilience *** of the seven global targets stated in the Sendai Framework are directly related to health in terms of reducing disaster mortality,the number of affected people,disaster damage to critical infrastructure,and disruption of basic services such as health *** Sendai Framework also maintains close coordination with other United Nations landmark agreements relevant to health such as the Sustainable Development ***,the measurement of healthrelated indicators is *** arise,for example,in linking deaths to disasters because of the complex interplay between exposure,risk,vulnerability,and *** lack of a universal classification of disasters also means that recording of health data in disasters is not *** the guidelines to enable data onthe indicators to be collected and reported to support the Sendai targets requires detailed thinking,time,and consultation with a diverse range of *** collaboration and partnership will be vital to achieving success.

关键词： Disaster risk reduction Global health targets Health indicators Sendai Framework

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Causes of Water Resources Scarcity in Iraq and Possible Solutions

引用

Engineering（科研） 2023年第9期15卷 467-496页

作者： Nadhir Al-Ansari Nasrat Adamo Ali Hussain Hachem Varoujan Sissakian Jan Laue Salwan Ali Abed Department of Civil Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering Lulea University of Technology Lulea Sweden Private consultant Engineer Norrk&oumlping Sweden Private consultant Engineer Kut Iraq Department of Petroleum Engineering Komar University of Science and Technology Sulaymaniyah Iraq College of Science University of Al-Qadisiyah Diwaniyah Iraq

Iraq relies in its water resources on the waters of the Tigris and Euphrates and their tributaries. The country is located in the lower part of the catchment area of these rivers. The long-term average annual flow that enters Iraq from these rivers is about 30 BCM from the Euphrates, 21.2 BCM from the Tigris, 24.78 BCM from tributaries and 7 BCM from side valleys between Iraq and Iran. Now, the flow of these rivers is decreasing due to climate change and hydrological projects established in the upper parts of the catchment. It is indicated that precipitation will decrease by 15% - 25% during this century and that means that the flow of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers will be reduced by 29% - 73%. This will cause a grave depletion of groundwater resources. Türkiye is trying to finish building 22 dams and 19 hydropower stations. Iran built 12 dams and diverted the flow of some tributaries inside Iran and blocked all the valleys that contribute water from its land to Iraq. For these reasons, Iraq is experiencing shortages in its water resources and there is some sort of friction and conflict between riparian countries within the Tigris and Euphrates basins because each country tries to secure its water resources. In this research, the factors affecting the hydro politics within these basins are water scarcity, climate change and hydrological projects, population growth rate, energy issues, water mismanagement, economic changes, expansions of projects and technology, political issues, international water laws and public awareness. In case the situation remains as it is, Iraq will experience many problems in health, environment, economy, and security. To solve the problem of water scarcity in Iraq, two parallel lines of action are to be considered. These are: 1) Reach agreements with Riparian Parties;2) Develop a long-term strategy that should take the following: a) Rehabilitating of existing dams, barrages & pump stations, b) Improving the efficiency of diversion and su

关键词： Tigris River Euphrates River Iraq

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

The Origin of Tar AI-Say＇ed and Tar AI-Najaf, Karbala-Najaf Vicinity, Central Iraq

引用

Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2015年第4期9卷 446-459页

作者： Varoujan K. Sissakian Mawahib F. Abdul Jab'bar Nadhir A. Al-Ansari Sven Knutsson Private consultant geologist Erbil 14006 Iraq State Company of Geological Survey and Mining Baghdad 14001 lraq Department of Civil Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering Lulea University of Technology Lulea 97187 Sweden

In central part of Iraq within the vicinity of Karbala-Najaf, two cliffs called ＂Tar Al-Say＇ed＂ and ＂Tar Al-Najaf＂ form conspicuous geomorphological forms between the Mesopotamia Plain and the Western and Southern Deserts. The top surface between the two cliffs （tars） is covered by alluvial fan sediments, laid down by A1-Khir Valley when merging in a large depression due to the drop in the gradient of the valley. Consequently, the depression was divided into two parts, to the left is called Al-Razzazah Depression, whereas to the right is called Bahir Al-Najaf. This affected the course of the River Euphrates. The deposition stopped due to an uplift movement which caused the elevation of the two cliffs which are covered by alluvial fan sediments. The two cliffs had and are still suffering from retreating, due to lateral erosion by wave actions in Al-Razzazah Depression. Springs located along a straight line, sag pond, deflected drainage, shutter ridges and pressure ridges can be noticed in the area. The age of both cliffs is estimated to be upper Late Pleistocene--early Holocene.

关键词： Neotectonic erosional cliff alluvial fan Pleistocene Iraq.

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Managing the Lower Mississippi River Landscape for Strategic Navigational and Flood Control

引用

Open Journal of Soil Science 2021年第6期11卷 285-330页

作者： Kenneth R. Olson David R. Speidel Soil Science in the College of Agricultural Consumer and Environmental Sciences University of Illinois Urbana Illinois USA USDA Resource Conservationist and Agricultural consultant with Natural Resource Conservation Service and Foreign Agricultural Service Benton Missouri USA

The Lower Mississippi River flows from the confluence of the Ohio River and Mississippi River at Cairo, Illinois into the Gulf of Mexico. Mississippi River and Ohio River pathway shifts have shaped and re-shaped the landscapes through which they flow and where their sediment-laden tributary waters co-mingle at the confluence on the voyage to the Gulf of Mexico. For much of their history, the lands adjacent to the Lower Mississippi River were bottomlands that flooded with the seasons unconstrained by human river training structures. Since 1717 European nations have fought over strategic navigational control of the Mississippi River. After the Louisiana Purchase in 1803, the United States took controlled the Lower Mississippi River. During the Civil War, from 1861-1865, the Union and Confederate forces battled for navigational control of the Lower Mississippi River. The primary objective of this paper was to highlight how the strategic navigational and flooding control of the Lower Mississippi River and geological and landscape resources were responsible for the successful economic development of this rich historical region of North America.

关键词： Atchafalaya Bonnie Carre Spillway Floodways Morganza Floodway Water Storage Areas West Atchafalaya Floodway Civil War Gunboats Mound City Cairo Illinois Slaves

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

The Severe Consequences of Climate Change in Iraq: A Case Study

引用

Engineering（科研） 2023年第4期15卷 242-260页

作者： Varoujan K. Sissakian Nasrat Adamo Nadhir Al-Ansari Department of Petroleum Engineering Komar University of Science and Technology Sulaymaniyah Iraq Private consultant Engineer Norrk&oumlping Sweden Department of Civil Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering Lulea University of Technology Lulea Sweden

Iraq, like most Middle Eastern countries, is suffering from the effects of Climate Change. The effects are in form of deterioration and degradation of lands, including agricultural lands, an increase in dust storms, an increase in daily temperatures, decreasing annual rainfall, decreasing annual snowfall, decreasing annual water income in the main rivers, streams and ephemeral wadis, increasing of desertification, increasing of areas covered by sand dunes, decreasing of green areas, decreasing of wetlands. According to regional studies, the living conditions and environment after 3 - 4 decades in Iraq and some neighboring countries will be very difficult, especially due to increasing daily temperatures and decreasing annual rainfall. To conduct the current study, we have reviewed tens of published articles, and scientific reports followed by relevant interviews on TV, and daily observations of events caused by climate change. One of the most common reasons for climate change is the emission of CO2, and the most common reason contributing to the increase of the effects of climate change is the absence of awareness in the community and the deficient official preparedness. The preparedness, however, to avoid and/ or mitigate the effects of climate change is very low, not only on the governmental level but also on popular scales. Therefore, the harsh effect of climate change increasing in severity and causing great damage to infrastructure, and personal properties, and is leading to more causalities. Recommendations to mitigate the consequences of climate change are given in two scales, governmental and popular.

关键词： Climate Change Greenhouse Gases Awareness Preparedness

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Modern Aspects of Resource Conservation at ThyssenKrupp Steel Corp

Modern Aspects of Resource Conservation at ThyssenKrupp Stee...

引用

技术创新与循环经济——第二届宝钢学术年会

作者： Juergen A.PHILIPP Special consultant China ThyssenKrupp Steel

ThyssenKrupp Steel(TKS) is one of the leading steel producers in the *** liquid phase operations for producing carbon steels have been concentrated in Duisburg/*** crude steel output in 2004/05 was 10.5 *** company specializes in flat products,ranging from heavy plate to sheet with premium *** are processed into finished products at several locations within a radius of 150 km around the steel *** technological focus includes tailored blanks and hydroformed parts. TKS’ s prominent position,also in environmental protection,is acknowledged among experts. Steel production consumes large quantities of raw materials,additives,auxiliaries,water and energy,resulting in correspondingly larges amounts of solid,liquid and gaseous reaction products and used consumables. Resource conservation and recycling are the chosen strategies to minimize the steel industry’ s demands and impacts on the environment. Optimization of recycling management in iron and steel mills calls for a holistic strategy covering the recording, analysis,assessment and targeted steering of material flows through a management system that adequately reflects the given economic,technical and ecological conditions. For years,TKS has concentrated strongly on recycling,especially the re-use of by-products,scrap management, energetic utilization of gaseous co-products,and recirculation and cascading of process and cooling water. TKS has reached recycling rates of >90%for all solid by-products and/or *** to their specific quantities metallurgical slags are of major importance.100%of blast furnace slag is recycled,mainly by granulation of the liquid slag for cement production,with major ecological benefits regarding *** level of steel plant slag utilization is high,meanwhile well exceeding 85%.Besides various construction applications, fertilizer production from LD-slag is of importance. Another major area of solid by-product recycling is the recovery ol iron and

关键词： resource conservation recycling management metallurgical slag ferriferous wastes OxyCup furnace gaseous by-products water management legal regulations

来源： cnki会议评论

在线全文

cnki会议

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Sand and dust storm events in Iraq

引用

Natural Science 2013年第10期5卷 1084-1094页

作者： Varoujan K.Sissakian Nadhir Al-Ansari Sven Knutsson consultant Geologist ErbilIraq Lulea University of Technology LuleaSweden

Iraq is one of the most affected countries in the Middle East concerning the occurrences of sand and dust storms. The frequency of the occurrence has increased drastically in the last decade and it is increasing continuously. The events of sand and dust storms are either regional or local. The former, however, is more frequent than the latter. The regional event, generally extends outside the Iraqi territory, into different directions, but usually covers part of Syria, crossing the Iraqi territory towards Kuwait and Saudi Arabia, and/or towards the Arabian Gulf, and less frequently extends to Iran. The main causes in the development of sand and dust storms, in Iraq are discussed. The causes are also either regional or local. The former, however, causes more economic losses and harsh effect on the human’s health, as compared with the latter. One of the main reasons behind the development of sand and dust storms is the climatic changes within the region, especially the drastic decrease in the annual rate of rain fall, besides environmental changes, such as drying of the marshes, land degradation, and desertification. From the local causes, the most effective reason is the haphazard driving and military operations, especially in the Iraqi Southern Desert. Prudent management of water resources by using non-conventional resources and adapting suitable irrigation methods can greatly help to overcome this phenomenon and minimize the number of dust storm.

关键词： Dust Dust Storm Climatic Changes Iraq

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

CFD Analysis of Flow in a Grated Inlet

引用

Open Journal of Civil Engineering 2020年第1期10卷 32-42页

作者： T. V. Hromadka II P. Rao Mohsen Battoei Department of Engineering-Mathematics United States Military Academy West Point NY USA Department of Civil and environmental Engineering California State University Fullerton CA USA CFD consultant Hromadka & Associates Rancho Santa Margarita CA USA

Effectively managing floods in urban regions requires effectively designed and well-maintained runoff collection system. The absence of such a system and intense rainfall event will have the potential to disrupt the urban life and cause significant economic loss to properties. Grated inlets, which are a key component in urban drainage network, are used to capture the runoff. In this work, a three dimensional CFD model was developed based on open-source CFD tool, OpenFOAM®, to model flow over a grated inlet. An incompressible, transient, multiphase flow, Volume of Fluid (VOF) simulation was performed to predict the water flow rate through the grate inlet. The predicted flow rates are compared with the HEC-22 monograph values. The close agreement between the results shows the potential of using CFD modeling approach to test the reliability of existing drainage inlets for different flow scenarios.

关键词： Drainage Grates Overland Flow OpenFOAM®

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

欢迎您,

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

欢迎您,

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：