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Journal of environmental Sciences 2015年第4期27卷 241-251页

作者： Min Wei Zhisheng Yu Hongxun Zhang College of Resources and environment University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Microbial diversity and abundance in bioaerosols of a coal mine were analyzed based on 454 pyrosequencing and real-time polymerase chain reaction（PCR）. A total of 37,191 high quality sequences were obtained and could be classified into 531, 1730 and 448 operational taxonomic units respectively for archaea, bacteria and fungi at 97% sequence similarity. The Shannon diversity index for archaea, bacteria and fungi was respectively 4.71, 6.29 and 3.86, indicating a high diversity in coal mine bioaerosols. Crenarchaeota, Proteobacteria and Ascomycota were the dominant phyla for archaea, bacteria and fungi, respectively. The concentrations of total archaea, bacteria and fungi were 1.44 × 10^8, 1.02 × 10^8 and 9.60 × 10^4cells/m^3, *** observed in bioaerosols suggested possible methane oxidation in the coal mine. The identified potential pathogens to coal miners, such as Acinetobacter schindleri,Aeromonas cavernicola, Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus penicillioides, Cladosporium cladosporioides,and Penicillium brevicompactum were also observed. This was the first investigation of microbial diversity and abundance in coal mine bioaerosols. The investigation of microbial communities would be favorable in promoting the progress of methane control based on microbial technique and concern on coal miners＇ health.

关键词： Microbial community Bioaerosols Methanotrophs Coal mine

Solar energy technology and its roles in sustainable development

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Clean Energy 2022年第3期6卷 476-483页

作者： Ali O.M.Maka Jamal M.Alabid The Libyan Centre for Research and Development of Sahrain communities MourzuqLibya Robert Gordon University School of Architecture and Built EnvironmentGarthdee HouseGarthdee RoadAberdeenAB107QBUK Faculty of Engineering Civil&Structural Engineering-University of BradfordBradfordUK

Solar energy is environmentally friendly technology,a great energy supply and one of the most significant renewable and green energy *** plays a substantial role in achieving sustainable development energy ***,the massive amount of solar energy attainable daily makes it a very attractive resource for generating *** technologies,applications of concentrated solar power or solar photovoltaics,are always under continuous development to fulfil our energy ***,a large installed capacity of solar energy applications worldwide,in the same context,supports the energy sector and meets the employment market to gain sufficient *** paper highlights solar energy applications and their role in sustainable development and considers renewable energy’s overall employment ***,it provides insights and analysis on solar energy sustainability,including environmental and economic ***,it has identified the contributions of solar energy applications in sustainable development by providing energy needs,creating jobs opportunities and enhancing environmental ***,the perspective of solar energy technology is drawn up in the application of the energy sector and affords a vision of future development in this domain.

关键词： solar energy sustainable development solar energy applications perspective of solar energy

Theoretical insights into the degradation mechanisms, kinetics and eco-toxicity of oxcarbazepine initiated by OH radicals in aqueous environments

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2023年第7期129卷 189-201页

作者： Yanhui Sun Ming Li Mohammad Hassan Hadizadeh Lin Liu Fei Xu College of environment and Safety Engineering Qingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266042China environment Research Institute Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China

As an anticonvulsant,oxcarbazepine(OXC)has attracted considerable attention for its potential threat to aquatic *** functional theory has been used to study the mechanisms and kinetics of OXC degradation initiated by OH radicals in aqueous environment.A total of fourteen OH-addition pathways were investigated,and the addition to the C8 position of the right benzene ringwas themost vulnerable pathway,resulting in the intermediate *** H-abstraction reactions initiated by OH radicalswere also explored,where the extraction site of the methylene group(C14)on the seven-member carbon heterocyclic ring was found to be the optimal *** calculations show that the total rate constant of OXC with OH radicals is 9.47×10^(9)(mol/L)^(−1)sec^(−1),and the half-life time is 7.32 s at 298 K with the[·OH]of 10^(−11) mol/***,the branch ratio values revealed that OH-addition(89.58%)shows more advantageous than H-abstraction(10.42%).To further understand the potential eco-toxicity of OXC and its transformation products to aquatic organisms,acute toxicity and chronic toxicity were evaluated using ECOSAR *** toxicity assessment revealed that most degradation products such as OXC-2OH,OXC-4OH,OXC-1O-1OOH,and OXC-1OH’are innoxious to fish and ***,green algae are more sensitive to these *** study can provide an extensive investigation into the degradation of OXC by OH radicals and enrich the understanding of the aquatic oxidation processes of pharmaceuticals and personal care products(PPCPs).

关键词： Oxcarbazepine OH radicals Degradation mechanisms Kinetic calculation Eco-toxicity evaluation

The future of mountain agriculture amidst continual farm-exit, livelihood diversification and outmigration in the Central Himalayan villages

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Journal of Mountain Science 2019年第4期16卷 755-768页

作者： Niyati NAUDIYAL Kusum ARUNACHALAM Ujjwal KUMAR School of environment and Natural Resources Doon University

Agrarian patterns in mountain ecosystems have seen a considerable change in the past decades with a vast proportion of the population abandoning traditional agriculture and diversifying their livelihood options, primarily through out-migration. This trend is especially common amongst the subsistence based family-farming communities in developing countries. This study aims at assessing methods of livelihood diversification and factors influencing farm-exit in Central Himalayan villages of Uttarakhand, India, while trying to understand local perspectives on challenges in pursuing agriculture as a viable livelihood option. We collected qualitative and quantitative data from 951 households across 60 villages evenly distributed across six hill districts of Uttarakhand, using key-person interviews and household surveys. The results of the study highlight that farm-exit is significantly influenced by livelihood diversification, number of migrants, number of female family members, and availability of irrigation facilities. In general, perception of the respondents towards agriculture as a viable livelihood option is rather unenthusiastic, with 87% of the respondents citing human wildlife conflict as the main challenge in pursuing farming, amongst several other challenges. Diversification is an integral component of present rural economy with 80.13% of the total population dependent on more than one source of income, to maintain their livelihoods. However, there is no statistically significant influence of livelihood diversification on annual income of the household. If agro-based entrepreneurial ventures are to be promoted in the region there is an urgent need for timely introduction of radical policy, institutional, and land-reforms. Economic uplifting of the local population through such efforts can also be a possible solution to the growing trends of out-migration in the state.

关键词： Agriculture Diversification Rural livelihoods Migration Himalaya

Effects of Silver Nanoparticles on Soil Microbial communities and Bacterial Nitrification in Suburban Vegetable Soils

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Pedosphere 2017年第3期27卷 482-490页

作者： WANG Juan SHU Kunhui ZHANG Li SI Youbin School of Resources and environment Anhui Agricultural University

Silver nanoparticles （AgNPs） are widely used antimicrobial compounds; however, they may pose a threat to non-targeted bacteria in the environment. In this study high-throughput sequencing was used to investigate the effects of different concentrations of AgNPs （10, 50, and 100 mg kg-1） on soil microbial community structure during short-term （7 d） exposure. The amounts of Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria, and Nitrospirae significantly decreased with increasing AgNP concentration; meanwhile, several other phyla （e.g., Proteobacteria and Planctomycetes） increased and dominated. Nitrosomonas europaea, a well-characterized ammonia- oxidizing bacterium, was used to study the sensitivity of bacteria to AgNPs and ionic silver （Ag＋）. Flow cytometry was used to monitor the toxicity of low （1 mg L-l）, middle （10 mg L-l）, and high concentrations （20 mg L-1） of AgNPs, as well as Ag＋（1 mg L-1） released into the medium from 20 mg L-1 concentration of AgNPs, towards N. europaea. After 12 h of exposure, the survival rate of N. europaea treated with 1 mg L-1 Ag＋ was significantly lower than those treated with low （1 mg L-1） and middle concentrations （10 mg L-1） of AgNPs, but the survival rate in the treatment with high concentration （20 mg L-1） of AgNPs was much lower. Additionally, necrosis rates were higher in the treatment with 20 mg L-1 AgNPs. Electron microscopy showed that Ag＋ caused serious damage to the cell wall of N. europaea, disintegrated the nucleoids, and condensed next to the cell membrane; however, dissolved Ag＋ is only one of the antibacterial mechanisms of AgNPs.

关键词： ammonia-oxidizing bacterium cell necrosis cytotoxicity silver ions survival rate

Influence of microbial community structure of seed sludge on the properties of aerobic nitrifying granules

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2015年第9期27卷 144-150页

作者： Zhiwei Song Ting Li Qiuxu Wang Yu Pan Lixin Li School of environment and Chemical Engineering Heilongjiang University of Science and Technology

In order to evaluate the influence of microbial community structure of seed sludge on the properties of aerobic nitrifying granules, these granules were cultivated with different seed sludge, and the variation of microbial community and dominant bacterial groups that impact the nitrogen removal efficiency of the aerobic nitrifying granules were analyzed and identified using 16 s rDNA sequence and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis（DGGE） profiles. The results presented here demonstrated that the influence of the community structure of seed sludge on the properties of aerobic nitrifying granules was remarkable, and the granules cultivated by activated sludge from a beer wastewater treatment plant showed better performance, with a stable sludge volume index（SVI） value of 20 m L/g, high extracellular polymeric substance（EPS） content of 183.3 mg/L, high NH4＋-N removal rate of 89.42% and abundant microbial population with 10 dominant bacterial groups. This indicated that activated sludge with abundant communities is suitable for use as seed sludge in culturing aerobic nitrifying granules.

关键词： Microbial community structure Aerobic nitrifying granules Extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) 16s rDNA

A cellphone-based colorimetric multi-channel sensor for water environmental monitoring

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frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2022年第12期16卷 67-78页

作者： Yunpeng Xing Boyuan Xue Yongshu Lin Xueqi Wu Fang Fang Peishi Qi Jinsong Guo Xiaohong Zhou State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and environment School of EnvironmentHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150090China State Key Joint Laboratory of ESPC Center for Sensor Technology of Environment and HealthSchool of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region’s Eco-environments of MOE Chongqing UniversityChongqing400030China

The development of colorimetric analysis technologies for the commercial cellphone platform has attracted great attention in environmental monitoring due to the low cost,high versatility,easy miniaturization,and widespread ownership of *** work demonstrates a cellphone-based colorimetric multi-channel sensor for quantifying multiple environmental contaminants simultaneously with high sensitivity and *** improve the sensitivity of the sensor,a delicate optical path system was created by using a diffraction grating to split six white beams transmitting through the multiple colored samples,which allows the cellphone CMOS camera to capture the diffracted light for image *** proposed sensor is a universal colorimetric detection platform for a variety of environmental contaminants with the colorimetry assay in the range of 400–700 *** introducing the diffraction grating for splitting light,the sensitivity was improved by over six folds compared with a system that directly photographed transmitted *** a successful proof-of-concept,the sensor was used to detect turbidity,orthophosphate,ammonia nitrogen and three heavy metals simultaneously with high sensitivity(turbidity:detection limit of 1.3 NTU,linear range of 5–400 NTU;ammonia nitrogen:0.014 mg/L,0.05–5 mg/L;orthophosphate:0.028 mg/L,0.1–10 mg/L;Cr(VI):0.0069 mg/L,0.01–0.5 mg/L;Fe:0.025 mg/L,0.1–2 mg/L;Zn:0.032 mg/L,0.05–2 mg/L)and reliability(relative standard deviations of six parallel measurements of 0.37%–1.60%and recoveries of 95.5%–106.0%in surface water).The miniature sensor demonstrated in-field sensing ability in environmental monitoring,which can be extended to point-of-care diagnosis and food safety control.

关键词： Colorimetric analysis Multi-channel sensor Cellphone Water quality indexes environmental monitoring

Effects of a blend of Saccharomyces cerevisiae-based direct-fed microbial and fermentation products on plasma carbonylmetabolome and fecal bacterial community of beef steers

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2020年第2期11卷 504-513页

作者： James A.Adeyemi Sunday O.Peters Marcos De Donato Andres Pech Cervantes Ibukun M.Ogunade College of Agriculture Communitiesand the EnvironmentKentucky State UniversityFrankfortKY 40601USA Department of Animal Science Berry CollegeMount BerryGA 30149USA Tecnologico de Monterrey Escuela de Ingenieria y CienciasQueretaroMexico Agricultural Research Station Fort Valley State UniversityFort ValleyGA 31030USA

Background:Previous studies have evaluated the metabolic status of animals fed direct-fed microbial(DFM)using enzyme-based assays which are time-consuming and limited to a few *** addition,little emphasis has been placed on investigating the effects of DFM on hindgut *** examined the effects of dietary supplementation of a blend of Saccharomyces cerevisiae-based DFM and fermentation products on the plasma concentrations of carbonyl-containing metabolites via a metabolomics approach,and fecal bacterial community,via 16S rRNA gene sequencing,of beef steers during a 42-day receiving *** newly weaned steers were randomly assigned to receive a basal diet with no additive(CON;n=20)or a basal diet supplemented with 19 g of Commence™(PROB;n=20)for a 42-day ***™(PMI,Arden Hills,MN)is a blend of 6.2×1011 cfu/g of ***,3.5×1010 cfu/g of a mixture of Enterococcus lactis,Bacillus subtilis,Enterococcus faecium,and Lactobacillus casei,and the fermentation products of these aforementioned microorganisms and those of Aspergillus oryzae and Aspergillus *** d 0 and 40,rectal fecal samples were collected randomly from 10 steers from each treatment *** d 42,blood was collected for plasma ***:A total number of 812 plasma metabolites were *** to 305 metabolites[fold change(FC)≥1.5,FDR≤0.01]including glucose,hippuric acid,and 5-hydroxykynurenamine were increased by PROB supplementation,whereas 199 metabolites(FC≤0.63,FDR≤0.01)including acetoacetate were *** of PROB increased(P≤0.05)the relative abundance of Prevotellaceae UCG-003,Megasphaera,Dorea,Acetitomaculum,and *** contrast,the relative abundance of Elusimicrobium,Moheibacter,Stenotrophomonas,Comamonas,and uncultured bacterium belonging to family p-2534-18B5 gut group(phylum Bacteroidetes)were reduced(P≤0.05).Conclusions:The results of this study demonstrated that supplementation of PROB altered both the plasma carbonyl metab

关键词： Beef steer Carbonyl Fecal bacteria Lactate-utilizing bacteria Plasma metabolomics

Estimating above-ground biomass by fusion of LiDAR and multispectral data in subtropical woody plant communities in topographically complex terrain in North-eastern Australia

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Journal of Forestry Research 2014年第4期25卷 761-771页

作者： Sisira Ediriweera Sumith Pathirana Tim Danaher Doland Nichols School of environment Science and Engineering Southern Cross University Lismore NSW 2480 Australia Office of environment and Heritage Alstonville NSW 2477 Australia

We investigated a strategy to improve predicting capacity of plot-scale above-ground biomass （AGB） by fusion of LiDAR and Land- sat5 TM derived biophysical variables for subtropical rainforest and eucalypts dominated forest in topographically complex landscapes in North-eastern Australia. Investigation was carried out in two study areas separately and in combination. From each plot of both study areas, LiDAR derived structural parameters of vegetation and reflectance of all Landsat bands, vegetation indices were employed. The regression analysis was carded out separately for LiDAR and Landsat derived variables indi- vidually and in combination. Strong relationships were found with LiDAR alone for eucalypts dominated forest and combined sites compared to the accuracy of AGB estimates by Landsat data. Fusing LiDAR with Landsat5 TM derived variables increased overall performance for the eucalypt forest and combined sites data by describing extra variation （3% for eucalypt forest and 2% combined sites） of field estimated plot-scale above-ground biomass. In contrast, separate LiDAR and imagery data, andfusion of LiDAR and Landsat data performed poorly across structurally complex closed canopy subtropical minforest. These findings reinforced that obtaining accurate estimates of above ground biomass using remotely sensed data is a function of the complexity of horizontal and vertical structural diversity of vegetation.

关键词： Fusion above-ground biomass LiDAR, multispectral data subtropical plant communities

Fabrication of the TiO_(2)/Ti_(3)C_(2) loaded ceramic membrane targeting for photocatalytic degradation of PPCPs:ciprofloxacin,tetracycline,and ibuprofen

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frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第10期18卷 75-88页

作者： Taisheng Zhao Xiaoman Liu Lankun Huai Rui Feng Tao Yan Weiying Xu Yanxia Zhao School of Water Conservancy and environment University of JinanJinan 250022China

Photocatalytic membranes offer an effective strategy to overcome the difficulties of solid-liquid separation and secondary contamination of powdered *** is a 2D material of layered Ti_(3)C_(2),which is considered to limit electron-hole separation and contribute to *** this work,the etched Ti_(3)C_(2) MXene was loaded on the surface of ceramic membranes using polydopamine(PDA)as a binder,followed by one-step calcination to produce TiO_(2) nanoparticles(NPs)in *** characterizations supported that the TiO_(2)/Ti_(3)C_(2) ceramic membranes had high mechanical strength while retaining the layered structure of Ti_(3)C_(2),which was conducive to the inhibition of electron and hole complexation,improving the photocatalytic *** experiments revealed that the material showed enhanced degradation of pharmaceuticals and personal care products(PPCPs)such as ciprofloxacin(CIP),tetracycline(TCN)and ibuprofen(IBP).The LC-MS and toxicity prediction models indicated that the developmental toxicity of CIP degradation products decreased with prolonged photocatalytic reaction,exhibiting no acute toxicity to *** MT650 exhibited significantly enhanced water flux properties(320 L/(m^(2)·h).The TiO_(2)/Ti_(3)C_(2) ceramic membranes explored in this work are expected to target the treatment of PPCPs with excellent engineering promise.

关键词： MXene TiO_(2) Photocatalytic degradation Ceramic membrane Pharmaceutical and personal care products(PPCPs)