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Flexible pressure sensors with ultrahigh stress tolerance enabled by periodic microslits

Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 301-311页

作者： Song Wang Chenying Wang Yifan Zhao Yujing Zhang Yaxin Zhang Xiangyue Xu Qijing Lin Kai Yao Yuheng Wang Feng Han Yu Sun Zhuangde Jiang State Key Laboratory for manufacturing Systems engineering International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement TechnologiesSchool of Mechanical EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’anChina State Key Laboratory for manufacturing Systems engineering International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement TechnologiesSchool of Instrument Science and TechnologyXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’anChina The Faculty of Electrical engineering and Computer Science Ningbo UniversityNingboChina Department of Mechanical and Industrial engineering University of TorontoTorontoCanada

Stress tolerance plays a vital role in ensuring the effectiveness of piezoresistive sensing films used in flexible pressure sensors.However,existing methods for enhancing stress tolerance employ dome-shaped,wrinkle-shaped,and pyramidal-shaped microstructures in intricate molding and demolding processes,which introduce significant fabrication challenges and limit the sensing performance.To address these shortcomings,this paper presents periodic microslits in a sensing film made of multiwalled carbon nanotubes and polydimethylsiloxane to realize ultrahigh stress tolerance with a theoretical maximum of 2.477 MPa and a sensitivity of 18.092 kPa−1.The periodic microslits permit extensive deformation under high pressure(e.g.,400 kPa)to widen the detection range.Moreover,the periodic microslits also enhance the sensitivity based on simultaneously exhibiting multiple synapses within the sensing interface and between the periodic sensing cells.The proposed solution is verified by experiments using sensors based on the microslit strategy for wind direction detection,robot movement sensing,and human health monitoring.In these experiments,vehicle load detection is achieved for ultrahigh pressure sensing under an ultrahigh pressure of over 400 kPa and a ratio of the contact area to the total area of 32.74%.The results indicate that the proposed microslit strategy can achieve ultrahigh stress tolerance while simplifying the fabrication complexity of preparing microstructure sensing films.

关键词： robot shaped stress

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Influence of temperature, stress, and grain size on behavior of nano-polycrystalline niobium

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第7期33卷 467-474页

作者：晏玉平张柳亭张丽攀芦刚涂志新 School of Acronautical manufacturing engineering Nanchang Hangkong UniversityNanchang 330063China

Atomic simulations are executed to investigate the creep responses of nano-polycrystalline(NC) niobium established by using the Voronoi algorithm. The effects of varying temperature, applied stress, and grain size(GS) on creep properties and mechanisms are investigated. Notably, the occurrence of tertiary creep is exclusively observed under conditions where the applied stress exceeds 4.5 GPa and the temperature is higher than 1100 K. This phenomenon can be attributed to the significant acceleration of grain boundary and lattice diffusion, driven by the elevated temperature and stress levels. It is found that the strain rate increases with both temperature and stress increasing. However, an interesting trend is observed in which the strain rate decreases as the grain size increases. The stress and temperature are crucial parameters governing the creep behavior. As these factors intensify, the creep mechanism undergoes a sequential transformation: initially from lattice diffusion under low stress and temperature conditions to a mixed mode combining grain boundaries(GBs) and lattice diffusion at moderate stress and mid temperature levels, and ultimately leading to the failure of power-law controlled creep behavior, inclusive of grain boundary recrystallization under high stress and temperature conditions. This comprehensive analysis provides in more detail an understanding of the intricate creep behavior of nano-polycrystalline niobium and its dependence on various physical parameters.

关键词： creep behavior molecular dynamics simulation activation energy stress exponent nano-polycrystalline niobium

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Hot deformation behavior and microstructure evolution of GH3536-TiB2 composites fabricated by powder metallurgy

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Science China Technological Sciences 2024年第7期67卷 2107-2124页

作者： ZHOU ShiPeng WANG Shuai HUANG LuJun ZHANG Rui CHEN Xin MENG FanChao CHEN Run SUN FengBo WANG CunYu GENG Lin School of Materials Science and engineering Harbin Institute of Technology State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining Harbin Institute of Technology Waikato centre for Advanced Materials and manufacturing School of Engineering University of Waikato

The hot deformation behavior and microstructure evolution of GH3536-TiB2composites fabricated by powder metallurgy（PM）were examined in the temperature range of 950–1150°C and strain rate range of 0.001–1 s-1. The hot compression stress-strain curves and the constitutive equation were obtained. In addition, the hot processing map was drawn, which indicated that the appropriate hot working window was 950–1050°C/0.001–0.1 s-1and 1050–1100°C/0.001–0.01 s-1. The microstructure analysis showed that the splitting and spheroidization of M3B2led to a decrease in size and volume fraction at 950–1100°C. At 1150°C,the eutectic microstructure of M3B2+ γ was formed due to the dissolution of M3B2, which caused macroscopic cracking of the deformed sample. Additionally, the deformation temperature and the strain rate had little effect on the size and volume fraction of M3B2. Besides, discontinuous dynamic recrystallization（DDRX） and continuous dynamic recrystallization（CDRX） were found in the deformed microstructure, while the former was dominant. Within the test range of this work, the dynamic recrystallization（DRX） fraction of the deformed composites was high due to the bulging nucleation of numerous interfaces. The DRX grain size increased with increasing deformation temperature or decreasing strain rate. Texture analysis showed that the deformation texture of //compression direction RD existed in the matrix when the deformation temperature was below 1100°C, and the texture type became //RD at 1100°C. Additionally, it was also found that the //RD texture was formed in M3B2under the strain rates of 0.1 and 0.01 s-1.

关键词： GH3536 alloy matrix composites powder metallurgy hot deformation behavior microstructure evolution

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Preface to the Special Issue:Additive manufacturing—Expanding Production Horizon

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第1期37卷 1-2页

作者： Lai-Chang Zhang centre for Advanced Materials and manufacturing School of EngineeringEdith Cowan University270 Joondalup DriveJoondalupPerthWA6027Australia

Additive manufacturing(AM),commonly known as 3D printing,has become a transformative technology that has a profound impact on various industrial sectors.AM encompasses a set of techniques for building objects layer by layer from digital models.Unlike conventional subtractive manufacturing methods that involve removing material from large blocks,AM adds material incrementally,providing unprecedented design flexibility and efficiency.

关键词： removing printing Expanding

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High-Efficiency Dynamic Scanning Strategy for Powder Bed Fusion by Controlling Temperature Field of the Heat-Affected Zone

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical engineering 2024年第1期37卷 203-214页

作者： Xiaokang Huang Xiaoyong Tian Qi Zhong Shunwen He Cunbao Huo Yi Cao Zhiqiang Tong Dichen Li State Key Laboratory of manufacturing Systems engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXian 710049China

Improvement of fabrication efficiency and part performance was the main challenge for the large-scale powder bed fusion(PBF)process.In this study,a dynamic monitoring and feedback system of powder bed temperature field using an infrared thermal imager has been established and integrated into a four-laser PBF equipment with a working area of 2000 mm×2000 mm.The heat-affected zone(HAZ)temperature field has been controlled by adjusting the scanning speed dynamically.Simultaneously,the relationship among spot size,HAZ temperature,and part performance has been established.The fluctuation of the HAZ temperature in four-laser scanning areas was decreased from 30.85℃to 17.41℃.Thus,the consistency of the sintering performance of the produced large component has been improved.Based on the controllable temperature field,a dynamically adjusting strategy for laser spot size was proposed,by which the fabrication efficiency was improved up to 65.38%.The current research results were of great significance to the further industrial applications of large-scale PBF equipment.

关键词： Powder bed fusion Efficiency Large-scale Spot size Heat-affected zone(HAZ)

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Unveiling protein corona composition:predicting with resampling embedding and machine learning

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2024年第1期3卷 27-33页

作者： Rong Liao Yan Zhuang Xiangfeng Li Ke Chen Xingming Wang Cong Feng Guangfu Yin Xiangdong Zhu Jiangli Lin Xingdong Zhang College of Biomedical engineering National Engineering Research Centre for BiomaterialsSichuan UniversityChengdu610065China

Biomaterials with surface nanostructures effectively enhance protein secretion and stimulate tissue regeneration.When nanoparticles(NPs)enter the living system,they quickly interact with proteins in the body fluid,forming the protein corona(PC).The accurate prediction of the PC composition is critical for analyzing the osteoinductivity of biomaterials and guiding the reverse design of NPs.However,achieving accurate predictions remains a significant challenge.Although several machine learning(ML)models like Random Forest(RF)have been used for PC prediction,they often fail to consider the extreme values in the abundance region of PC absorption and struggle to improve accuracy due to the imbalanced data distribution.In this study,resampling embedding was introduced to resolve the issue of imbalanced distribution in PC data.Various ML models were evaluated,and RF model was finally used for prediction,and good correlation coefficient(R^(2))and root-mean-square deviation(RMSE)values were obtained.Our ablation experiments demonstrated that the proposed method achieved an R^(2) of 0.68,indicating an improvement of approximately 10%,and an RMSE of 0.90,representing a reduction of approximately 10%.Furthermore,through the verification of label-free quantification of four NPs:hydroxyapatite(HA),titanium dioxide(TiO_(2)),silicon dioxide(SiO_(2))and silver(Ag),and we achieved a prediction performance with an R^(2) value>0.70 using Random Oversampling.Additionally,the feature analysis revealed that the composition of the PC is most significantly influenced by the incubation plasma concentration,PDI and surface modification.

关键词： nanoparticles protein corona machine learming resampling technique feature analysis

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Hierarchical V3S4/C nanofibers with fast kinetics for superior alkali metal batteries

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Rare Metals 2024年第4期43卷 1836-1844页

作者： Li Chen Zhi-Xin Rao Zhi Chen Zhao-Hui Wu Shuai Yang Zhi-Jun Feng Hui-Yong Yang Fan-Yan Zeng Xi-Bao Li Jin-Yang Hu Jun-Tong Huang School of Materials Science and engineering Nanchang Hangkong University School of Aeronautical manufacturing engineering Nanchang Hangkong University

Owing to the numerous benefits,including low cost and great theoretical capacity,V3S4 has been a research hotspot for Li+/Na+/K+storage.Nonetheless,the V3S4electrode with long cycling stability and high specific capacities continues to pose significant challenges.In this work,vacuum vulcanization is combined with electrospinning to synthesize V3S4/C composite nanofibers （V3S4@CNF）.

关键词： Sulfur compounds

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Process in laser drilling of deep microholes without taper on metal materials

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 37-59页

作者： FAN RunZe MEI XueSong CUI JianLei State Key Laboratory for manufacturing Systems engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710054China

Deep microhole machining is currently a prominent research area within the aerospace field,encompassing blade film cooling and fuel injection control technologies.However,taper defects in metal materials may lead to performance degradation or even structural damage over a component’s lifetime.Trepanning and helical drilling,facilitated by ultrashort pulse lasers,have proven more suitable for achieving high-precision,deep holes in metal materials.Nonetheless,excessive repetition rates can also result in severe thermal damage.Various methods are commonly employed for controlling taper,including parameter optimization,assistance,and secondary modification.Tilted laser beam drilling is widely utilized and has been integrated into relevant machining systems for commercial applications.Typical deep microholes include film cooling holes and injection microholes.Laser drilling is a potential machining method for new materials in the aerospace field.Although laser drilling processing has been studied,numerous related scientific challenges and technical difficulties must be addressed before practical implementation.

关键词： aerospace laser drilling deep microhole taper control

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Microstructure and property of laser additive manufactured alloy Ti–6Al–2V–1.5Mo–0.5Zr–0.3Si after aged at different temperatures

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Rare Metals 2024年第5期43卷 2275-2281页

作者： Guo-Chao Li Xu Cheng Hua-Ming Wang National engineering Laboratory of Additive manufacturing for Large Metallic Components and engineering Research Center ofMinistry of Education on Laser Direct manufacturing for Large Metallic Components School of Materials Science and Engineering Beihang University

The solid solution and aging treatment for conventional manufacturing processes might not be suitable for laser additive manufactured titanium alloys due to the different lamellar microstructures. In this study, the influence of aging temperatures (600, 700 and 800°C) on microstructure and mechanical properties of titanium alloy Ti–6Al–2V–1.5Mo–0.5Zr–0.3Si was investigated. The results indicate that after solid solution treatment at 970°C followed by water quenching, the alloy mainly consists of coarsening lamellar a phase in martensite a'matrix. Aging at 600°C will not change the size of primary lamellar a phase but lead to huge amount of secondary a phases (as)generating with very fine microstructure. By increasing the aging temperature, the number of asdecreases but with coarsened microstructures. When aged at 800°C, the width of the asphase reaches 350 nm, almost 7 times wider than that aged at 600°C. The changing size of asobviously influences the property of the alloy. The fine asleads to high strength and microhardness but low plasticity, and specimen aged at 700°C with suitable assize has the best comprehensive properties.

关键词： α + β titanium alloy Laser additive manufacturing Solid solution and aging treatment Microstructure Room temperature tensile property

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Single-cluster electronics using metallic clusters:Fabrications,regulations,and applications

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Nano Research 2024年第1期17卷 65-78页

作者： Caiyun Wei Wei Xu Shurui Ji Ruiyun Huang Junyang Liu Wenqiu Su Jie Bai Jiale Huang Wenjing Hong State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces National Engineering Research Centre of Chemicals for Electronic ManufacturingCollege of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering&Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province(IKKEM)Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China

Metallic clusters,ranging from 1 to 2 nm in size,have emerged as promising candidates for creating nanoelectronic devices at the single-cluster level.With the intermediate quantum properties between metals and semiconductors,these metallic clusters offer an alternative pathway to silicon-based electronics and organic molecules for miniaturized electronics with dimensions below 5 nm.Significant progress has been made in studies of single-cluster electronic devices.However,a clear guide for selecting,synthesizing,and fabricating functional single-cluster electronic devices is still required.This review article provides a comprehensive overview of single-cluster electronic devices,including the mechanisms of electron transport,the fabrication of devices,and the regulations of electron transport properties.Furthermore,we discuss the challenges and future directions for single-cluster electronic devices and their potential applications.

关键词： single-cluster junctions electronic properties electron transport metallic clusters structure regulation

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