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The use of green infrastructure and irrigation in the mitigation of urban heat in a desert city

Building Simulation 2024年第5期17卷 679-694页

作者： Kai Gao Shamila Haddad Riccardo Paolini Jie Feng Muzahim Altheeb Abdulrahman AI Mogirah Abdullatif Bin Moammar Mattheos Santamouris School of Built environment Faculty of ArtsDesign and ArchitectureUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2052Australia Royal Commission of Riyadh City RiyadhSaudi Arabia Institute of Future Cities Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Building environment and energy Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina

Severe urban heat,a prevalent climate change consequence,endangers city residents ***-based mitigation strategies are commonly employed to address this ***,the Middle East and North Africa are under investigated in terms of heat mitigation,despite being one of the regions most vulnerable to climate *** study assesses the feasibility and climatic implications of wide-scale implementation of green infrastructure(GI)for heat mitigation in Riyadh,Saudi Arabia—a representative desert city characterized by low vegetation coverage,severe summer heat,and *** research forecasting model(WRF)is used to simulate GI cooling measures in Riyadh’s summer condition,including measures of increasing vegetation coverage up to 60%,considering irrigation and vegetation types(tall/short).In Riyadh,without irrigation,increasing GI fails to cool the city and can even lead to warming(0.1 to 0.3℃).Despite irrigation,Riyadh’s overall GI cooling effect is 50% lower than GI cooling expectations based on literature meta-analyses,in terms of average peak hour temperature *** study highlights that increased irrigation substantially raises the rate of direct soil evaporation,reducing the proportion of irrigation water used for transpiration and thus diminishing ***,water resource management must be tailored to these specific considerations.

关键词： green infrastructure evapotranspiration cooling desert city irrigation urban overheating

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Enhancing CO2 cycloaddition through ligand functionalization:A case study of UiO-66 metal-organic frameworks

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结构化学 2024年第2期43卷 9-12页

作者： Ruowen Liang Chao Zhang Guiyang Yan Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Featured Biochemical and Chemical Materials Ningde Normal UniversityNingde352100PR China State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on energy and environment Fuzhou University Fuzhou350002PR China State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on energy and environment Fuzhou University Fuzhou350002PR China

The synthesis of cyclic carbonates from CO2 and epoxides offers a remarkable 100％atomic *** literature describes the CO2 cycloaddition mechanism predominantly as an"epoxide activation"pathway[1].This process can be effectively facilitated by heterogeneous catalysts possessing Lewis acidity,potentially optimising the capture and activation of the epoxide via metal-oxygen ***-organic frameworks(MOFs)have recently garnered attention as new catalysts,credited to their structural adaptability and multifunctional ***,MOFs with exposed metal sites function as Lewis acid sites,thus enhancing the cycloaddition *** numerous researchers emphasize the pivotal role of epoxide activation in the CO2 cycloaddition process,the challenge of activating inherently stable CO2 molecules often remains *** CO2 activation can potentially reduce the energy barriers of the reaction,thereby enhancing the overall *** prior studies on MOFs'catalytic activities for CO2 cycloaddition primarily emphasise their Lewis acidity sites[2,3],with scant attention to the syn-ergistic effects between the Lewis acid and base sites.

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Rapid energy Exchange between In Situ Formed Bromine Vacancies and CO_(2)Molecules Enhances CO_(2)Photoreduction

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Research 2024年第2期2023卷 763-771页

作者： Qin Ren Ye He Hong Wang Yanjuan Sun Fan Dong Research Center for environmental and energy Catalysis Institute of Fundamental and Frontier SciencesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China School of Resources and environment University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China

Photocatalytic reduction of CO_(2)into fuels provides a prospective tactic for regulating the global carbon balance utilizing renewable solar ***,CO_(2)molecules are difficult to activate and reduce due to the thermodynamic stability and chemical *** this work,we develop a novel strategy to promote the adsorption and activation of CO_(2)molecules via the rapid energy exchange between the photoinduced Br vacancies and CO_(2)*** in situ continuous wave-electron paramagnetic resonance(cw-EPR)and pulsed EPR technologies,we observe that the spin-spin relaxation time(T_(2))of BiOBr is decreased by 198 ns during the CO_(2)photoreduction reaction,which is further confirmed by the broadened EPR *** result reveals that there is an energy exchange interaction between in situ formed Br vacancies and CO_(2)molecules,which promotes the formation of high-energy CO_(2)molecules to facilitate the subsequent reduction *** addition,theoretical calculations indicate that the bended CO_(2)adsorption configuration on the surface of BiOBr with Br vacancies caused the decrease of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital of the CO_(2)molecule,which makes it easier for CO_(2)molecules to acquire electrons and get *** situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy further shows that the activated CO_(2)molecules are favorably converted to key intermediates of COOH*,resulting in a CO generation rate of 9.1μmol g^(-1)h^(-1)and a selectivity of 100%.This study elucidates the underlying mechanism of CO_(2)activation at active sites and deepens the understanding of CO_(2)photoreduction reaction.

关键词： reaction. adsorption activation

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Neutral color and self-healable electrochromic system based on CuI/Cu and I_(3)^(-)/I^(-)conversions

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 4437-4443页

作者： Junsen Zhong Bingkun Huang Kunjie Yang Zuju Ma Lingyu Du Ning Luo Fengjiao Tang Chuanxin Hou Fuyi Jiang Litao Kang College of environment and Materials Engineering Yantai UniversityYantai 264005China School of energy and Power Engineering Shandong UniversityJinan 250061China Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Green Manufacturing(Yantai) Yantai 264001China

The electrochromic(EC)mechanisms of inorganic materials are usually based on reversible cation insertion/extraction or metal deposition/dissolution,which are plagued by ion trapping and dendrite growth,*** this paper,a novel conversion-type electrochromic mechanism is proposed,by making good use of the CuI/Cu redox *** CuI-based electrochromic system shows a neutral color switching from transparent and dim *** simply increasing the bleaching voltage,I_(3)^(-)/I^(-)redox couple can be further *** generated I_(3)^(-)will readily react with Cu,effectively improving the conversion reversibility and thereby rejuvenating the degraded electrochromic *** to the well-designed electrode and the self-healing ability,this conversion electrochromic system achieves rapid response times(tcoloring:23 s,tbleaching:6 s),decant optical modulation amplitude(26.4%),high coloration efficiency(86.15 cm^(2)·C^(-1)),admirable cyclic durability(without performance degradation after 480 cycles)and excellent optical memory ability(transmittance variation<1%after 10 h open-circuit storage).The establishment of this conversion-type electrochromism may inspire the exploration of novel electrochromic materials and devices.

关键词： electrochromic CuI conversion reaction self-healing neutral color

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Causal Analysis Between Rice Growth and Cadmium Accumulation and Transfer under Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Inoculation

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Rice science 2024年第2期31卷 226-236页

作者： ZHAO Ting WANG Li YANG Jixian MA Fang State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and environment School of EnvironmentHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150090China

Cadmium(Cd)contamination in rice has been a serious threat to human *** investigate the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)on the Cd translocation in rice,a controlled pot experiment was *** results indicated that AMF significantly increased rice biomass,with an increase of up to 40.0%,particularly in root biomass by up to 68.4%.Notably,the number of prominent rice individuals also increased,and their plasticity was enhanced following AMF *** led to an increase in the net photosynthetic rate and antioxidant enzyme activity of *** the AMF treatment group,the Cd concentration in the rice roots was significantly higher(19.1%‒68.0%)compared with that in the control ***,the Cd concentration in the rice seeds was lower in the AMF treatment group,indicating that AMF facilitated the sequestration of Cd in rice roots and reduced Cd accumulation in the *** coefficients varied across different treatments,suggesting that AMF inoculation reduced the direct impact of soil Cd concentration on the total Cd accumulation in *** translocation of Cd was consistently associated with simultaneous growth dilution and compensatory accumulation as a result of mycorrhizal *** study quantitatively analyzed this process through path analysis and clarified the causal relationship between rice growth and Cd transfer under the influence of AMF.

关键词： cadmium transfer dilution effect heavy metal immobilization mycorrhizal effect path analysis phenotypic plasticity

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Process optimization and mechanism study of ionic liquid-based mixed amine biphasic solvents for CO_(2) capture in biogas upgrading procedure

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Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第8期18卷 43-57页

作者： Fanzhi Meng Siyu Han Li Lin Jinglin Li Kailun Chen Jianguo Jiang School of environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

This study focused on enhancing the efficiency of methane upgrading and reducing energy consumption in the biogas upgrading process through the use of biphasic *** aqueous-based biphasic solvent,comprising methyl monoethanolamine(MMEA),N-methyldiethanolamine(MDEA),and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate(ItFB),was meticulously *** biogas upgrading effect,regeneration efficiency,regeneration energy consumption,economic viability,selectivity,and phase separation characteristics of this absorbent were systematically *** parameters,including different inlet flow rates,stirring rate,methane inlet concentrations,reaction temperatures,and amine mixing ratios,were adjusted to investigate their impact.A comprehensive evaluation was conducted on the biogas upgrading effect and substance migration trends of the biphasic *** process parameters were determined,demonstrating the favorable impact of the biphasic solvent on biogas *** upgraded gas achieved a methane purity exceeding 96%,and the regeneration energy consumption decreased by 44.27% compared to 30 wt.%MEA,resulting in a more than 50% improvement in economic *** interaction between the ionic liquid and carbamate facilitated the phase separation process,with carbon enrichment after separation exceeding 95%.This enhancement significantly contributed to the improvement of regeneration energy *** study thus concludes that biphasic solvents,exemplified by the described aqueous-based solution,offer a promising avenue for effective biogas upgrading with notable advancements in economic and energy efficiency.

关键词： Biphasic solvents Biogas upgrading energy consumption Process parameters Ionic liquid

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Prediction for permeability index of blast furnace based on VMD-PSO-BP model

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第3期31卷 573-583页

作者： Xiao-jie Liu Yu-jie Zhang Xin Li Zhi-feng Zhang Hong-yang Li Ran Liu Shu-jun Chen School of Metallurgy and energy North China University of Science and TechnologyTangshan 063210HebeiChina Chengde Branch HBIS Group Co.Ltd.Chengde 067000HebeiChina

The permeability index is one of the important production indicators to monitor the operation of blast *** is crucial to grasp the trends of changes in the new permeability index in *** the complex vibration spectrum of the permeability index,a prediction model of the permeability index based on the VMD-PSO-BP(variational mode decomposition-particle swarm optimization-back propagation)method was ***,the key factors that affect the permeability index of blast furnace were studied from multiple ***,the permeability index was divided into multiple sub-modes based on the difference of frequency bands by the VMD algorithm,and a PSO-BP prediction model was established for each ***,the prediction results of each sub-mode were summed to obtain the final *** results show that the composite prediction accuracy by using the VMD algorithm is 3%higher than that of the traditional prediction method,which has better applicability.

关键词： Big data-Blast furnace Air permeability Variational mode decomposition Particle swarm optimization Back propagation Model prediction

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Assessment of CO_(2)storage prospect based on physical properties of Rio Bonito Formation rock units

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energy Geoscience 2024年第1期5卷 321-330页

作者： Richardson M.Abraham-A Stephanie San Martín Cañas Isabella F.S.Miranda Colombo C.G.Tassinari Institute of energy and environment(IEE) University of São Paulo(USP)Brazil Research Centre for Greenhouse Gas Innovation(RCGI) University of Sãao Paulo(USP)Brazil

The physical properties of the rock units associated with the Rio Bonito Formation are presented in this study with the focus on modelling reservoir quality based on petrophysics-derived parameters to evaluate CO_(2)storage *** involves the modelling of the reservoir depths,thicknesses,flow zone indicators(FZI),and effective permeability(Keff)and presenting the CO_(2)storage efficiency factors peculiar to the rock units of the study *** results presented by this study for the stated objectives are not quite common in the *** values range from 200 mD to higher than 2000 mD,and FZI values are generally above 1.0 mm and up to 13.0 mm within the portions covered by the drilled *** sandstone units recorded are up to 20 m thick in some *** Keff and FZI models indicate the sandstone reservoirs as permeable units to support the injection and circulation of CO_(2)within the potential reservoir units of the Rio Bonio Formation across São Paulo *** from some points in the southeastern part of the study location,where the Rio Bonito are delineated at depths less than 800 m(minimum CO_(2)storage depth based on best practices),other portions are deeper,ranging from 950 m to 3500 ***-bedded layers will affect the integrity of the rocks as CO_(2)storage tanks or reservoir seals/traps/overburden within the *** bed thicknesses are up to 20 m in some ***,hybrid CO_(2)reservoir units are feasible,especially in portions where thin siltstone layers are sandwiched between sandstone units to provide considerable thicknesses based on CO_(2)storage *** current study shows that useable areas considering reservoir thickness,depth,and other physical qualities will significantly control the CO_(2)storage efficiency of the study *** studies featuring a detailed geophysical exploration of the site to confirm the availability and saturations of preexisting fluid(hydrocarbon and water)are encouraged

关键词： Rio Bonito Effective permeability Fluid transmissibility CO_(2)storage prospect Reservoir quality Overburden integrity Flow zones

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Production of the C/TiO_(2)composite with a high-performance electrochemical property from titanium-rich sludge via in-situ C coating

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 131-143页

作者： Hualong Wu Yanxia Zhao Jiexi Wang Xiaoyan Li Kaimin Shih Xuguang Li Wei Liu School of Water Conservancy and environment University of JinanJinan 250022China State Key Lab of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsCollege of MaterialsXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China School of Metallurgy and environment Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Department of Civil Engineering The University of Hong KongPokfulamHong KongChina Institute of environment and Ecology Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055China

Resource recycling from waste-water and sludge is an important part of the 14th Five-Year Plan in *** emerging titanium-based coagulants have drawn growing attentions due to their strong coagulation capability in water purification and value-added Ti-loaded sludge *** and recovery of the high value-added sludge into functional nanomaterials is highly significant for both sludge reduction and environmental *** present study was carried out to investigate the recycle of the coagulated Ti-loaded sludge to produce functional C/TiO_(2)composites as the anode materials for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).It is the first time that the application of the Ti-loaded wastewater sludge derived C/TiO_(2)was evaluated for *** experimental results showed that the carbon coating through in-situ carbonization of the sludge produced the C/TiO_(2)composites with a high specific surface area,stable structural integrity,and excellent electrochemical properties that would facilitate Li+diffusion in long-term LIBs *** C/TiO_(2)composites calcinated from the polytitanium sulfate-coagulated sludge at 800℃(N_(2))exhibited the best electrochemical performance during the cycling tests(601 m Ah/g at 100 m A/g after 200 cycles).The research work demonstrates the promising prospect of the recycle and value-added utilization of the Ti-loaded sludge in the production of high-performance C/TiO_(2)composites for energy storage *** study provides a new way for the management and reuse of Ti-loaded waste-sludge.

关键词： Sludge recovery Ti-loaded sludge In-situ coating Lithium-ion battery

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Experimental study on secondary air mixing along the bed height in a circulating fluidized bed with a multitracer-gas method

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第6期70卷 54-62页

作者： Qingyu Zhang Leming Cheng Kun Li Qixun Kang Qiang Guo Chaogang Wu Institute for Thermal Power Engineering State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy UtilizationZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Dongfang Boiler group Co.Ltd. Zigong 643001China

A multitracer-gas method was proposed to study the secondary air(SA)mixing along the bed height in a circulating fluidized bed(CFB)using carbon monoxide(CO),oxygen(O_(2)),and carbon dioxide(CO_(2))as tracer *** were carried out on a cold CFB test rig with a cross-section of 0.42 m×0.73 m and a height of 5.50 *** effects of superficial velocity,SA ratio,bed inventory,and particle diameter on the SA mixing were *** results indicate that there are some differences in the measurement results obtained using different tracer gases,wherein the deviation between CO and CO_(2) ranges from 42%to 66%and that between O_(2) and CO_(2) ranges from 45%to 71%in the lower part of the fluidized ***,these differences became less pronounced as the bed height ***,the high solid concentration and fine particle diameter in the CFB may weaken the *** measurement results of different tracer gases show the same trends under the variation of operating *** superficial velocity and SA ratio and decreasing particle diameter result in better mixing of the *** effect of bed inventory on SA mixing is not monotonic.

关键词： Circulating fluidized bed Secondary air injection Gas mixing Multitracer-gas method

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