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Plasma Science and Technology 2011年第5期13卷 604-607页

作者：兰彦程诚张素贞倪国华陈龙威杨光杰 M.NAGATSU 孟月东 Institute of Plasma Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Research Institute of Zhong Ping energy Chemical group Faculty of Engineering Shizuoka University

Low-temperature plasma treatment was adopted to graft styrene onto polytetrafluo- roethylene （PTFE） powder, which is widely used in the fabrication of proton exchange membrane （PEM）. The grafted PTFE powder was sulfonated in chlorosulfonic acid and fabricated into a membrane, which was used as inexpensive PEM material for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell （PEMFC）. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy attenuated total reflection spectroscopy （FTIR-ATR） and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS） analysis were used to characterize the structure of the sulfonated PTFE powder. The results showed that all the PTFE powders were successfully grafted by nitrogen plasma and then sulfonated under such experimental conditions. A scanning electron microscopy （SEM） image indicated that the fabricated membrane exhibits flat morphology and homogenous structure. The ion exchange capacity （IEC） of this kind of PEM was also investigated.

关键词： plasma treatment PTFE powder styrene sulfonate

Elemental mercury (Hg^(0)) removal from coal syngas using magnetic tea-biochar: Experimental and theoretical insights

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第12期34卷 150-161页

作者： Adnan Raza Altaf Yusuf GAdewuyi Haipeng Teng Gang Liu Fazeel Abid School of Chemical Engineering Northwest University Xi’an 710069China Chemical Biological and Bio Engineering DepartmentNorth Carolina Agricultural and Technical State UniversityGreensboroNC 27411USA State Key Laboratory of Clean Coal-based energy China Huaneng Group Clean Energy Research Institute Co.Ltd.Changping DistrictBeijing 102209China Department of Information System Dr Hassan Murad School of ManagementUniversity of Management and TechnologyLahore 54770Pakistan

Mercury is ranked 3^(rd)as a global pollutant because of its long persistence in the environment. Approximately 65% of its anthropogenic emission (Hg^(0)) to the atmosphere is from coal-thermal power plants. Thus, the Hg^(0)emission control from coal-thermal power plants is inevitable. Therefore, multiple sorbent materials were synthesized using a one-step pyrolysis method to capture the Hg^(0)from simulated coal syngas. Results showed, the Hg^(0)removal performance of the sorbents increased by the citric acid/ultrasonic application.T5CUF_(0.3)demonstrated the highest Hg^(0)capturing performance with an adsorption capacity of 106.81 μg/g within 60 min at 200 °C under complex simulated syngas mixture (20% CO,20% H_(2), 10 ppm V HCl, 6% H_(2)O, and 400 ppm V H_(2)S). The Hg^(0)removal mechanism was proposed, revealing that the chemisorption governs the Hg^(0)removal process. Besides, the active Hg^(0)removal performance is attributed to the high dispersion of valence Fe_(3)O_(4)and lattice oxygen (α) contents over the T5CUF_(0.3)surface. In addition, the temperature programmed desorption (TPD) and XPS analysis confirmed that H_(2)S/HCl gases generate active sites over the sorbent surface, facilitating high Hg^(0)adsorption from syngas. This work represented a facile and practical pathway for utilizing cheap and eco-friendly tea waste to control the Hg^(0)emission.

关键词： Mercury removal Waste management Citric acid Ultrasound Coal gasification TPD analysis

Characteristic research of regeneration process of particulate filter medium in vibrated fluidized bed

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Clean energy 2023年第6期7卷 1189-1198页

作者： Bing Liu Lixin He Xianglong Zhao Yi Guo Clean Coal Technology Center National Institute of Clean-and-Low-Carbon EnergyChina Energy GroupFuture Science CityChangping DistrictBeijing 102211P.R.China

The vibrational fluidized bed is innovatively adopted to regenerate the particulate filter medium for the purification of crude syn-thesis gas from the coal gasification *** research of vibrated fluidized beds during dust-containing particulate filter medium regeneration has been carried *** ideal transport model of particulate filter medium on the distributor is estab-lished and verified by using *** mean residence time of the particulate filter medium can be reduced by 72%from 5.5 to 1.5 min with an increase in the working frequency from 50 to 60 *** thickness of the bed layer is linearly increased with the feeding rate of the particulate filter medium under ideal working *** resistance models of the fluidizing air are built up and validated,and they can be used to calculate the pressure drop of the static bed layer of the particulate filter medium on the flu-idizing air distributor,which is the maximum value of the dynamic bed layer with the same *** fluidizing air makes the mean residence time of the particulate filter medium decrease by 50%and reduces the difference in the particulate mean residence time under different feeding-rate *** regeneration effect of dust-containing filter medium particles in a vibrated fluidized bed is *** air with superficial velocity ranging from 0 to 0.6~0.9 m·s-1 makes the regeneration efficiency increase from 29.41%to 70.59~88.24%.This article provides a reference for the industrial application of a vibrated fluidized bed for the par-ticulate filter medium recycling system.

关键词： vibrated fluidized bed filter medium residence time pressure drop separation efficiency coal gasification

Inhibitability of soil loss and sediment concentration during consecutive rainfalls from experimental plots treated by endemic microorganisms

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2023年第3期38卷 446-454页

作者： Seyed Hamidreza Sadeghi Masumeh Ashgevar Heydari Atefeh Jafarpoor Department of Watershed management Engineering Faculty of Natural Resources Tarbiat Modares University Agrohydrology Research group Tarbiat Modares University

Consecutive rainfalls, due to changes in antecedent moisture, alter soil erosion processes, necessitating the implementation of suitable soil loss control methods. Biological soil microorganism approaches have been applied to control soil loss. However, information on the involvement of microorganisms in the soil loss and rill erosion processes has yet to be supplied. In this study, the individual and combined inoculation of cyanobacteria and bacteria was investigated during five consecutive rainfalls with an interval of three days, an intensity of 50 mm/h, and a duration of 30 min. Also, additional runoff simulation of about 2.18 ± 0.32 L/min was done in mid-sized experimental plots(i.e., 6 m × 1 m × 0.5 m) induced by rill erosion. These experiments were done at the Rainfall and Soil Erosion Simulation Laboratory of the Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Iran. Soil loss and sediment concentration were measured during five consecutive rainfalls in the study treatments and compared with the control treatment. Results showed that the highest soil loss of 30,810.70 g occurred at the control treatment in the first rainfall. In contrast, individual and combined inoculation treatments of cyanobacteria and bacteria with the secretion of polysaccharides and resulting stability of aggregates decreased soil loss significantly(p < 0.01) by 99.65%, 99.91%, and 100.00%, respectively, compared to the control *** the combined treatment of cyanobacteria and bacteria, soil loss further decreased by 68.38%, 70.33%,and 7.27% for 2 through 4, respectively, events and increased by 19.96% in the fifth event, and sediment concentration also decreased by 68.88% and 59.86% for the second and third events, respectively and increased by 4.66% and 83.30% for the fourth and fifth events, respectively. The best performance was found in the combined inoculation in consecutive rainfalls(i.e., from the second to the fifth event), and the bacteria treatment and the co

关键词： Biocrust Linear erosion Sediment accessibility Soil and water bio-management

Active fault tolerant control design for stochastic Interval Type-2 Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy model

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International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics 2018年第3期11卷 404-422页

作者： Imen Maalej Donia Ben Halima Abid Chokri Rekik Control and energy management Laboratory National Engineering School of SfaxUniversity of SfaxSfaxTunisia

Purpose-The purpose of this paper is to look at the problem of fault tolerant control(FTC)for discrete time nonlinear system described by Interval Type-2 Takagi–Sugeno(IT2 TS)fuzzy model subjected to stochastic noise and actuator ***/methodology/approach–An IT2 fuzzy augmented state observer is first developed to estimate simultaneously the system states and the actuator faults since this estimation is required for the design of the FTC control ***,based on the information of the states and the faults estimate,an IT2 fuzzy state feedback controller is conceived to compensate for the faults effect and to ensure a good tracking performance between the healthy system and the faulty *** conditions for the existence of the IT2 fuzzy controller and the IT2 fuzzy observer are given in terms of linear matrix inequalities which can be solved using a two-step computing ***–The paper opted for simulation results which are applied to the three-tank *** results are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed FTC ***/value–In this paper,the problem of active FTC design for noisy and faulty nonlinear system represented by IT2 TS fuzzy model is *** developed IT2 fuzzy fault tolerant controller is designed such that it can guarantee the stability of the closed-loop ***,the proposed controller allows to accommodate for faults,presents a satisfactory state tracking performance and outperforms the traditional type-1 fuzzy fault tolerant controller.

关键词： Fuzzy logic Fault tolerant control Intelligent control Interval Type-2 Takagi-Sugeno(IT2 TS)fuzzy model Linear matrix inequalities

Comparative Study on Heat Flux and Temperature Distribution Performance of Linear Fresnel Collector Based on Uniformity Index

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Journal of Thermal Science 2022年第3期31卷 678-688页

作者： WU Yuting QIAN Li ZHANG Cancan HAN Songtao SUN Hexin NIU Junnan CHENG Yingkun SANG Shengjie MOE Key Laboratory of Enhanced Heat Transfer and energy Conservation Beijing Key Laboratory of Heat Transfer and Energy ConversionBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China Jizhong energy Jingxing Mining group Co.Ltd. Shijiazhuang 050000China Hebeijingkuang New energy Technology Co.Ltd. Shijiazhuang 050100China

Linear Fresnel collector system as main solar energy collecting technology is widely *** secondary reflector has significant influence on the heat flux distribution on the linear Fresnel *** this work,the heat flux and temperature distribution on linear Fresnel collector is compared with different secondary reflectors of simple trapezoidal concentrator,segmented parabolic concentrator and compound parabolic concentrator under varied incident ray *** uniformity index is applied to evaluate the Linear Fresnel reflector system heat flux distribution *** results show that the value of uniformity index increases with the increasing of incident ray *** compound parabolic concentrator has the highest value of uniformity index compared with simple trapezoidal concentrator and segmented parabolic concentrator in this *** highest value of uniformity index is 0.8137 with compound parabolic *** work provides effective and practical guide to design and evaluate the secondary reflector in linear Fresnel reflector system.

关键词： heat flux distribution linear Fresnel secondary concentrator uniformity index

Estimation of cost savings from participation of electric vehicles in vehicle to grid(V2G)schemes

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean energy 2015年第2期3卷 249-258页

作者： Mahdi KIAEE Andrew CRUDEN Suleiman SHARKH energy Technology Research group Engineering SciencesUniversity of Southampton Highfield CampusSouthampton SO171BJUK

The storage capacity of the batteries in an electric vehicle(EV)could be utilised to store electrical energy and give it back to the grid when needed by participating in vehicle to grid(V2G)*** participation could be a source of revenue for vehicle owners thus reducing the total charging cost of their EVs.A V2G simulator has been developed using MATLAB to find out the potential cost saving from participation of EVs in V2G schemes.A standard IEEE30 network has been modelled in the simulator which uses the MATPOWER engine to undertake power flow analysis.A novel control algorithm has been developed to take advantage of the difference between the selling and buying electricity prices by charging and discharging EVs at the appropriate *** scenarios are simulated to compare the total charging cost of EVs with or without the utilisation of V2G technology within the power system assuming a total of 5000 *** results of the simulation show that the applied control strategy with V2G is able to reduce the charging cost of EVs by 13.6%while satisfying the minimum requirement for state of charge(SoC)of the EV batteries to complete their next journey.

关键词： Electric vehicles Cost saving Electricity price Vehicle to grid

Comparison of Ontario’s roundwood and recycled fibre pulp and paper mills’performance using data Envelopment analysis

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Journal of management Analytics 2021年第2期8卷 222-251页

作者： Shashi K.Shahi Mohamed Dia Supply Chain and Operations management Research group in Operations Analytics and Decision SciencesDepartment of Finance and OperationsFaculty of ManagementLaurentian UniversitySudburyONP3E 2C6Canada Quantitative Methods and Operations management Research Group in OperationsAnalytics and Decision SciencesDepartment of Finance and OperationsFaculty of ManagementLaurentian UniversitySudburyONCanada

The pulp and paper industry converts roundwood and recycled fibre,collected from wastepaper into printing and writing papers,and other specialty grades of *** pulp and paper mills in Ontario have been facing extreme competitive pressures,which have affected their performance leading to several mill *** purpose of this study is to evaluate and compare the relative performance of three types of Ontario’s pulp and paper mills(using all fibre,only roundwood fibre,and only recycled fibre).This study uses bootstrap data envelopment analysis in analyzing and comparing the operational efficiency of the Ontario’s pulp and paper mills,with 224 sample data observations over a period of 17 *** results indicate low levels of overall technical and managerial efficiencies in the pulp and paper mills using recycled *** results of the study highlight that the pulp and paper industry needs to divert their attention to streamlining the manufacturing processes,reducing costs,improving raw material usage,and making capital investments in the new and improved technology,in order to improve the operational efficiency and competitiveness of the Ontario’s pulp and paper *** pulp and paper mills using recycled fibre require huge capital investments,especially for installing the latest de-inking *** results of this study provide policy makers with detailed performance analysis so that future input resources can be reallocated to improve the performance of the pulp and paper mills in Ontario.

关键词： bootstrapping data envelopment analysis forest industry recycled fibre roundwood fibre technical efficiency Ontario Canada

Thermal Feature Analysis of a New Hot-Air Anti-Icing Structure

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Journal of Thermal Science 2023年第3期32卷 911-921页

作者： LIANG Jiuli XUAN Yimin LIAN Wenlei School of energy and Power Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China Key Laboratory of Thermal management and energy Utilization of Aviation Vehicles Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyNanjing 210016China

Ice accretion on surfaces of the aircraft and engine is a serious threat to the flight *** this paper,a novel hot air anti-icing method is proposed based on the porous *** the NACA0012 airfoil as an example,the traditional thermal protection structure is proved to exist the deficiency in balancing the heat exchange caused by route loss of the *** dividing the hot chamber into multiple regions to fill with various foam metal,flow resistance characteristics and heat transfer characteristics for this protection mode are analyzed in order to derive the maximized benefit in anti-icing *** calculation results reveal that,under the same condition,the region filled with foamed copper not only improves the temperature uniformity on the anti-icing area,but also achieves a better protection effect for enhancing heat transfer between the tube and the hot gas,averagely above 20℃higher than it without porous foam filling in surface ***,the minimum mass flow rate of the protection hot air is reduced by 16.7%.The gratifying efficiency of the porous filler in fortifying heat transfer confirms the potential of replacing the efficient but complex heat transfer design with simple structure filled with foam metal.

关键词： ice accretion hot air anti-icing foam metal heat transfer

Artificial“honeycomb-honey”decorated with non-noble plasmonic nanoparticles for superior solar capture and thermal energy storage

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Nano Research 2022年第9期15卷 8065-8075页

作者： Haolei Wang Xianglei Liu Qingyang Luo Haichen Yao Qiao Xu Yang Tian Jianguo Wang Yimin Xuan School of energy and Power Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China Key Laboratory of Thermal management and energy Utilization of Aviation Vehicles Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyNanjing 210016China

Phase change materials(PCMs)are popular solutions to tackle the unbalance of thermal energy supply and demand,but suffer from low thermal conductivity and leakage *** by how honeybees store honey,we propose artificial“honeycombhoney”for excellent solar and thermal energy storage capacity based on TiN nanoparticles decorated porous AlN skeletonsPCMs *** thermal conductivity of composites achieves 21.58 W/(m·K)at AlN loading of 20 vol.%,superior to the state-of-the-art ceramic-based *** charging/discharging time is reduced to about half of pure PCMs with shapestability and thermal reliability well maintained over 500 melting/freezing *** underlying mechanism can be attributed to the combination of single-crystal AlN whiskers with few crystal defects and reduced phonon scattering,as well as vertically arranged three-dimantional(3D)heat conduction channels.A rapid and efficient solar thermal storage is also demonstrated with solar thermal storage efficiency achieving a high value of 92.9%without employing additional spectrum selective *** is benefited from high thermal conductivity and full-spectrum solar absorptance of up to 95%induced by plasmonic resonances of TiN *** addition,by embedding LiNO3-NaCl eutectics,the phase change enthalpy of composites reaches as high as 208 kJ/kg,making high energy storage density and fast energy storage rate *** work offers new routes to achieve rapid,efficient,stable,and compact solar capture and thermal energy storage.

关键词： thermal energy storage shape-stability honeycomb thermal conductivity solar thermal conversion