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Distribution Characteristics of Transmitted Diffuse Solar Radiation on the Indoor Surface

Journal of Thermal Science 2022年第6期31卷 1939-1947页

作者： YAO Wanxiang TIAN Wanfeng SHANG Jiacheng HE Haiyan DONG Jiajun CAO Weixue School of energy and Safety Engineering Tianjin Chengjian UniversityTianjin 300384China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Civil Structure Protection and Reinforcement Tianjin Chengjian UniversityTianjin 300384China Key Laboratory of Solar energy Utilization and energy Saving Technology of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang Energy Group R&D Institute Co.Ltd.Hangzhou 311121China

The transparent envelope structure has huge energy-saving potential, which is the key point to reduce building energy consumption and improve the thermal building environment. The solar radiation transmitted through the transparent envelope structure(transmitted solar radiation) is reflected, scattered and absorbed by the indoor surface, which has a significant impact on the heat gain of the building. In this paper, firstly, the diffuse radiation received by different depths of various indoor surfaces is measured by experimental tests, and the distribution function of transmitted diffuse solar radiation(TDSR) on the indoor surface is established. Secondly, the diffuse solar radiation received by the indoor and outdoor surfaces in different seasons is continuously monitored;the variation of TDSR with time is analyzed, and the distribution function of TDSR on indoor surface with time is proposed. Finally, based on the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of diffuse radiation under different weather conditions, the variation of TDSR with the weather is studied, and the distribution function of TDSR on the indoor surface with weather changes is established. The distribution function of the TDSR on the indoor surface under different depths, time and weather conditions obtained in this study can supplement and improve the theory of building heat gain and load, and help accurate simulation of building energy consumption.

关键词： transmitted solar radiation diffuse radiation indoor wall surface distribution characteristics building heat gain

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Impact of Artificial Compressibility on the Numerical Solution of Incompressible Nanofluid Flow

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 5123-5139页

作者： Tohid Adibi Shams Forruque Ahmed Seyed Esmail Razavi Omid Adibi Irfan Anjum Badruddin Syed Javed Department of Mechanical Engineering University of BonabBonabIran Science and Math Program Asian University for WomenChattogram4000Bangladesh School of Mechanical Engineering University of TabrizTabrizIran energy management group Energy and Environment Research CenterNiroo Research InstituteTehranIran Mechanical Engineering Department College of EngineeringKing Khalid UniversityAbha61421Saudi Arabia

The numerical solution of compressible flows has become more prevalent than that of incompressible *** the help of the artificial compressibility approach,incompressible flows can be solved numerically using the same methods as compressible *** artificial compressibility scheme is thus widely used to numerically solve incompressible Navier-Stokes *** numerical method highly depends on its accuracy and speed of *** the artificial compressibility approach is utilized in several numerical simulations,the effect of the compressibility factor on the accuracy of results and convergence speed has not been investigated for nanofluid flows in previous ***,this paper assesses the effect of this factor on the convergence speed and accuracy of results for various types of *** improve the stability and convergence speed of time discretizations,the fifth-order Runge-Kutta method is applied.A computer program has been written in FORTRAN to solve the discretized equations in different Reynolds and Grashof numbers for various *** results demonstrate that the artificial compressibility factor has a noticeable effect on the accuracy and convergence rate of the *** optimum artificial compressibility is found to be between 1 and *** findings can be utilized to enhance the performance of commercial numerical simulation tools,including ANSYS and COMSOL.

关键词： Navier-Stokes equations incompressible flow artificial compressibility convergence rate convection flow

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Living on the edge: morphological and behavioral adaptations to a marginal high-elevation habitat in an arboreal mammal

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Integrative Zoology 2023年第4期18卷 746-761页

作者： Claudia TRANQUILLO Lucas Armand WAUTERS Francesca SANTICCHIA Damiano PREATONI Adriano MARTINOLI Environment Analysis and management Unit-Guido Tosi Research group-Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences Universitàdegli Studi dell’InsubriaVareseItaly Evolutionary Ecology group Department of BiologyUniversity of AntwerpWilrijkBelgium

Habitats are characterized by different local environmental conditions that inﬂuence both behavior and morphology of species,which can result in habitat-dependent phenotypic differences among animals living in heterogeneous *** studied 3 alpine populations of Eurasian red squirrels(Sciurus vulgaris),1 living in a marginal high-elevation habitat at the edge of the species’altitudinal distribution,and 2 occurring in higher-quality ***,we investigated whether squirrels living in the marginal area differed in 2 morphological parameters(body size and body mass)and/or in the expression of 4 personality traits estimated with an openﬁeld test and a mirror image stimulation test(activity,exploration,activity-exploration,and social tendency).Furthermore,we tested whether within-individual variance of the traits(behavioral plasticity)was higher in the edge *** squirrels in the edge habitat were smaller and weighed less than in the other study areas,while among females,size–habitat relationships were less *** sex-speciﬁc patterns were explained by a strong association between body mass and reproductive success in female *** in the marginal habitat were more active,explorative,and had a more social personality than in the other ***,in contrast to our predictions,behavioral plasticity was smaller in the marginal habitat,but only for the trait *** results suggest that animals choose the habitat that bestﬁts their personality,and that habitat-related differences in selective pressures may shape animals’morphology.

关键词： behavioral plasticity marginal edge-habitat morphology personality Sciurus vulgaris

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The influence of pore size distribution on thermal conductivity,permeability, and phase change behavior of hierarchical porous materials

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2021年第11期64卷 2485-2494页

作者： LIU XiangLei SONG FangZhou XU Qiao LUO QingYang TIAN Yang LI JiaWei YANG XinMeng JIN Yi School of energy and Power Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China Key L aboratory of Thermal management and energy Utilization of Aviation Vehicles Ministry of Industry and Information Technology'Nanjing 210016China Jiangsu Jinhe energy Technology Co.Lfd. Zhenjiang 212000China

Porous foams have been widely employed to improve heat storage rate and prevent leakage of phase change materials(PCMs).Actual porous foams have non-uniform or hierarchical pore size distribution, which is usually neglected in most ***, we establish hierarchical porous models considering different pore size distributions by using Voronoi tessellations. Effects of pore size distribution on thermal conductivity, permeability, and phase change behavior of hierarchical porous foams/PCMs composites are investigated. Uneven pore size distributions are found to decrease the thermal conductivity of porous foams to some extent. On the other hand, the permeability can be reduced by 27.6%, and the heat storage rate can be improved by 7.7% by introducing moderate hierarchy without changing the total porosity. This work opens a new route to enhance heat storage performance of PCMs via leveraging hierarchy of pore size distribution of porous foams.

关键词： pore size distribution heat storage performance phase change hierarchical porous materials

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Key technologies and the implementation of wind,PV and storage co-generation monitoring system

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean energy 2014年第2期2卷 104-113页

作者： Xianliang TENG Zonghe GAO Yingyuan ZHANG Hua HUANG Lili LI Tingting LIANG NARI group Corporation Nanjing 211102China Zhangjiakou Wind and Solar Power energy Demonstration Station Co.Ltd HebeiChina

The coordinated control of multiple-sources including wind,photovoltaic(PV)and storage brings new challenges to traditional dispatch and control *** paper firstly introduces a framework of wind,PV and storage co-generation monitoring ***,key technologies of co-generation monitoring system including day-ahead optimal dispatching,active power coordinated control and reactive power and voltage control are *** framework and the techniques described in this paper have been applied in the National Wind,Photovoltaic,Storage and Transmission Demonstration Project of China,and their validity have been tested and verified.

关键词： Wind photovoltaic(PV)and storage Co-generation monitoring system Day-ahead optimal dispatching Active power coordinated control Reactive and voltage control Coordination control

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Study on Clamping Type DC Circuit Breaker with Short Fault Isolation Time and Low energy Dissipation

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CSEE Journal of Power and energy Systems 2023年第5期9卷 1743-1752页

作者： Xibei Zhao Gen Li Jianzhong Xu Jinsha Yuan the State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable energy Sources North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China the Electric energy group Department of Engineering TechnologyTechnical University of Denmark(DTU)2750 BallerupDenmark

The development of DC grids faces challenges from DC fault *** conventional DC circuit breaker(DCCB)employs metal-oxide varistor(MOV)to isolate the faulted line,in which the fault isolation process is coupled with the energy dissipation *** this study,a clamping type DCCB(CTCB)using internal capacitors to clamp the converter voltage is *** to the proposed configuration,fault isolation and energy dissipation are decoupled,resulting in a fast fault isolation and low energy dissipation compared to the conventional *** working principle of the proposed CTCB is presented and verified in a DC grid simulation model.A comparison is made with the traditional *** fault isolation time can be reduced by 34.5%.The dissipated energy can be reduced by 17.4%.The energy dissipation power can be reduced by 76.2%.

关键词： DC circuit breaker DC fault DC protection,HVDC grid MMC

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Structural Decomposition Analysis on energy Intensity Changes at Regional Level

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2013年第4期19卷 287-292页

作者：廖华王策朱治双马晓微 School of management and Economics Beijing Institute of Technology Center for energy and Environmental Policy Research Beijing Institute of Technology

As China's energy intensity fluctuated in recent years, it is necessary to examine whether this fluctuation happened at a regional level. This paper establishes a decomposition model by using the structural decomposition analysis (SDA) method at a regional level. Then this model is employed to empirically analyze the changes of Beijing's energy intensity. The conclusions are as follows: during 2002-2010, except petroleum, the energy intensity decreased and the changes were mostly attributed to the technology changes, while the final use variation actually increased the energy intensity; comparing different periods of 2002-2010, the decline rates of energy intensity for coal and hydropower were decreasing, resulting from the production technology being more energy-intensive than before; the energy intensity changes of petroleum firstly increased substantially and then decreased moderately.

关键词： structural decomposition analysis input-output analysis energy intensity

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China's Transfer Payment Mechanism: A Case Study

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2015年第2期21卷 183-192页

作者：郝宇 School of management and Economics Beijing Institute of Technology Center for energy and Environmental Policy Research Beijing Institute of Technology

In this paper, a two-region endogenous growth model is adapted to analyse Western China's development,and regional divergence and convergence processes. Dynamic optimization is utilized to calculate the growth rate of the Chinese economy on the optimal growth path, and backward integration is utilized to simulate the evolvement of some key indicators, including relative GDP per capita of Western China to Eastern China, regional capital growth rate and regional GDP growth rate. The calibrations of this model after 1992 are conducted. The calibration results provide evidence about the speed of Western China's relative development, and also shed some light on the future regional convergence process under the Western Development Programme launched in 2000.

关键词： endogenous growth transfer payment Western Development Programme China

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Effect of Mg substitution for La on microstructure, hydrogen storage and electrochemical properties of La1-x Mgx Ni3.5（x=0.20, 0.23, 0.25 at%） alloys

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2016年第2期26卷 177-181页

作者： Wei Lv Yufan Shi Wanpeng Deng Jianguang Yuan Youhua Yan Ying Wu Beijing Key Laboratory of energy Nanomaterials Advanced Technology & Materials Co. Ltd China Iron & Steel Research Institute Group

The effect of Mg substitution for La on microstructure, hydrogen storage and electrochemical properties of the annealed La1-xMgxNi3.5（x=0.20, 0.23, 0.25 at%） alloys have been studied. All the samples were mainly composed of（LaMg）2Ni7,（LaMg）Ni3, and LaNi5phases. Mg substitution for La changed the phase abundance, but did not change the constitution of all phases, which is con fi rmed by the results of backscattered SEM images and EDS analysis. The P–C isotherms indicated that the La1-xMgxNi3.5alloys reversibly absorbed and desorbed hydrogen smoothly at 298 K. The hydrogen absorption cyclic stabilities of La1-xMgxNi3.5alloy after 5 hydrogen absorption/desorption cycles reached the maximum values of91.9% and 96.0% at 298 K and 323 K, respectively. The hydrogen desorption capacity and plateau pressure for the La1-xMgxNi3.5alloy reached the maximum values of 1.055 H/M and 0.074 MPa, respectively. The desorption capacities of La1-xMgxNi3.5reached 0.193 H/M and 0.565 H/M in the fi rst minute at 298 K and 323 K, respectively. Electrochemical property measurement indicated that La1-xMgxNi3.5（x=0.20,0.23, 0.25 at%） alloys possessed excellent activation capability and were completely activated within3 cycles. Discharge capacities of La1-xMgxNi3.5alloys reached 378.2 m A h/g（x = 0.20 at%）, 342.7 m A h/g（x = 0.23 at%）, and 369.6 m A h/g（x = 0.25 at%）, respectively. Moreover, energy density of La1-xMgxNi3.5alloy was much larger than that of La0.80Mg0.20Ni3.5 alloy and nearly approaches the maximum value of La0.75Mg0.25Ni3.5. Thus, the La1-xMgxNi3.5alloy exhibits optimum comprehensive properties of hydrogen storage and electrochemistry.

关键词： Hydrogen storage alloy Mg substitution for La Electrochemical property

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Numerical simulation of flow phenomena and optimum operation of tundish

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Journal of Central South University of Technology 2003年第2期10卷 155-158页

作者：时章明鄂加强刘春洋梅炽张全周应其 School of energy and Power Engineering Central South University Xiangtan Iron and Steel group Corporation

To enhance the quality of grade 20 carbon-steel on the continuous casting production line, the mechanism of forming blowholes and non-metallic inclusions in billets and numerical simulation of flow phenomena about liquid steel in tundish were studied. The results show that the configuration and operation of tundish play an important part in quality assurance of grade 20 carbon-steel products. By optimizing the configuration of the tundish, the depth of liquid bath in tundish is enhanced, the impact of liquid steel is decreased, and the residence time of liquid steel is lengthened, which is useful for eliminating inclusions and blowholes and improving the service life of tundish. Improving the pouring and tapping operation of liquid steel can avoid the contact of liquid steel with air, and decrease re-oxidation. Strict control of the superheat degree of casting liquid steel can decrease the non-metallic inclusion content of the re-oxidation in billets and reduce the erosion of tundish. The inclusions and blowholes in the continuous casting grade 20 steel billets are reduced to a great extent and qualification rate is enhanced from 60% to 80%.

关键词： tundish flow phenomena numerical simulation optimum

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