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Endoscopic treatment outcome of oesophageal gastrointestinal stromal tumours

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第10期31卷 62-70页

作者： En-Pan Xu Zhi-Peng Qi Jia-Wei Zhang Bing Li Zhong Ren Ming-Yan Cai Shi-Lun Cai Zhen-Tao Lv Zhang-Han Chen Jing-Yi Liu Yun-Shi Zhong Ping-Hong Zhou Qiang Shi endoscopy center and endoscopy Research Institute Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China department of Gastroenterology The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315000Zhejiang ProvinceChina endoscopy center Shanghai Xuhui District Central HospitalShanghai 200030China endoscopy center and endoscopy Research Institute Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of EndoscopyZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China

BACKGROUND There are few clinicopathologic characteristics and clinical results for oesophageal gastrointestinal stromal tumours(GISTs).Thus,the objective of this study was to identify the clinicopathologic characteristics and clinical results of oesophageal *** To investigate endoscopic treatment effective of oesophageal *** It was retrospective research that collected 32 patients with oesophageal GISTs treated by endoscopic resection(ER)between January 2012 and January 2023 in two ***,endoscopic records,and follow-up data were collected and *** Thirty-one patients underwent en bloc resection and 24(75.0%)lesions underwent R0 *** size of GISTs was 2.12±1.88 *** overall complication rate was 25.0%,including hydrothorax and post-endoscopic submucosal dissection electrocoagulation *** mean mitotic index was 3.34±5.04(median,1.50;range,1.00-4.00).Eighteen(56.3%),6(18.8%),2(6.3%),and 6(18.8%)patients were identified as very low,low,intermediate,and high risk,*** patients developed recurrence after a median follow-up of 64.69±33.13 *** 5-year overall survival rate was 100%,and the disease-free survival rate was 90.6%.CONCLUSION ER is safe and effective for patients with low-risk oesophageal *** detection of oesophageal GISTs is essential to achieve a favourable prognosis.

关键词： Gastrointestinal stromal tumours Oesophageal Endoscopic resection Treatment outcome Survival

Fighting hypoxia to improve photodynamic therapy-driven immunotherapy: Alleviating, exploiting and disregarding

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第2期36卷 57-68页

作者： Liangliang Jia Ye Hong Xinyu He Ying Zhou Liujiao Ren Hongjun Du Bin Zhao Bin Qin Zhe Yang Di Gao The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education School of Life Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University center of Digestive endoscopy Shaanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital department of Ophthalmology Xijing Hospital department of Epidemiology Shaanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital department of Gastroenterology Second Affiliated Hospital Xi'an Jiaotong University Research Institute of Xi'an Jiaotong University

Innovative anti-cancer therapies that activate the immune system show promise in combating cancers resistant to conventional treatments. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is one such treatment, which not only directly eliminates tumor cells but also functions as an in situ tumor vaccine by enhancing tumor immunogenicity and triggering anti-tumor immune responses through immunogenic cell death (ICD). However, the effectiveness of PDT in enhancing immune responses is influenced by factors, such as photosensitizers and the tumor microenvironment, particularly hypoxia. Current clinically used PDT heavily relies on oxygen (O2) availability and can be limited by tumor hypoxia. Additionally, the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment induced by hypoxia affects the anti-tumor immunity of tumor-infiltrating effector T cells. Meanwhile, the immunosuppressive myeloid-lineage cells are recruited to the hypoxic tumor tissue and exhibit higher immunosuppressive capabilities under hypoxia conditions. Consequently,numerous strategies have been developed to modulate tumor hypoxia or to create hypoxia-compatible PDT, aiming to reduce the effects of tumor hypoxia on PDT-driven immunotherapy. This review investigates these strategies, including approaches to alleviate, exploit, and disregard tumor hypoxia within the context of PDT/immunotherapy. It also emphasizes the role of advanced nanomedicine and its benefits in these strategies, while outlining current challenges and future prospects in the field.

关键词： Immunogenic cell death Immunotherapy Nanomedicine Photodynamic therapy Photosensitizers Tumor hypoxia

Trans-jugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent shunting benefits and limits

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2025年第1期17卷 307-309页

作者： Salvatore Stefano Sciarrone Lucia Fini Luca De Luca department of Surgery Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy UnitASST Santi Paolo e CarloUniversity of MilanMilan 20142LombardyItaly

Trans-jugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent shunting(TIPSS)has been in use for many years with great results and many *** procedure essentially involves the insertion of a metal covert stent to create an Hepato-Hepatic portosystemic *** time,TIPSS has become the subject of many studies aimed at examining its clinical utility and evaluating the results of using TIPSS to manage complications related to portal *** the outset,this procedure has been met with hope and enthusiasm and give the chance to consider another possibility to treat the complications of portal hypertension without the use of *** that TIPSS is an attractive alternative to shunt surgery because it does not require the use of general anesthesia or laparotomy,in fact this method is applicable to many patients with severe liver disease not suitable for *** has been studied for the management of variceal bleeding,ascites,hepatic hydrothorax,hepatorenal syndrome,and other types of ***,some drawbacks of the TIPSS,such as shunt stenosis and hepatic encephalopathy,have also been reported in the *** the basis of the available evidence and the new epidemiological findings regarding liver disease,the following question may be posed:What is the place of TIPSS in current clinical practice?

关键词： Hepatic compensation Decompensation Trans-jugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent-shunt Bleeding Ascites

Endoscopic techniques for the diagnosis of pancreatic cystic lesions

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第1期31卷 1-7页

作者： Sahib Singh Saurabh Chandan Rakesh Vinayek Jahnvi Dhar Jayanta Samanta Gabriele Capurso Ivo Boskoski Cristiano Spada Jorge D Machicado Stefano Francesco Crinò Antonio Facciorusso department of Internal Medicine Sinai HospitalBaltimoreMD 21215United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Creighton University School of MedicineOmahaNE 68131United States department of Gastroenterology Sinai Hospital of BaltimoreBaltimoreMD 21215United States department of Gastroenterology Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarh 160012India Division of Pancreato-Biliary endoscopy and Endosonography Pancreas Translational and Clinical Research CenterIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteVita-Salute San Raffaele UniversityMilano 20132Italy Digestive endoscopy Unit Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCSSUniversitàCattolica del Sacro Cuore di RomaCenter for Endoscopic Research Therapeutics and TrainingRoma 00168Italy department of Gastroenterology and endoscopy Catholic UniversityRoma 00168Italy department of Gastroenterology University of Michigan HealthAnn ArborMI 48107United States department of endoscopy University of VeronaVerona 37121VenetoItaly Gastroenterology Unit Department of Medical and Surgical SciencesUniversity of FoggiaFoggia 71122Italy

Pancreatic cysts are mostly incidental findings on computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging scans,with few patients presenting with abdominal pain or other *** accurate diagnosis of cysts is important as management depends on the type(neoplastic or non-neoplastic).Cross-sectional imaging is fast being replaced with endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)and various techniques based on that such as EUS-guided fine needle aspiration,EUS-guided needle confocal laser endomicroscopy,EUS-through-the-needle biopsy,and contrast-enhanced *** studies have reported varying diagnostic and adverse event rates with these *** addition,American,European,and Kyoto guidelines for the diagnosis and management of pancreatic cysts have provided different *** this editorial,we elaborate on the clinical guidelines,recent studies,and comparison of different endoscopic methods for the diagnosis of pancreatic cysts.

关键词： Endoscopic ultrasound Fine needle aspiration Needle confocal laser endomicroscopy Through-the-needle biopsy Contrast-enhanced endoscopic ultrasound

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第8期31卷 115-129页

作者： Han Ding Zhi-Guo Ding Song Liu Xu-Nan Mao Xing-Sheng Lu department of endoscopy center and endoscopy Research Institute Zhongshan HospitalThe Affiliated to Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032China department of General Surgery Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200092China department of General Surgery The Third People’s Hospital of YangzhouYangzhou 225126Jiangsu ProvinceChina department of General Surgery The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215000Jiangsu ProvinceChina Medical College Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009Jiangsu ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Ras-related protein Rab24,which belongs to the small GTPase family,plays a crucial role in regulating intracellular protein *** of Rab24 has been recently identified in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).However,its clinical significance and tumor related effects remain to be further *** To explore the expression pattern of Rab24 and its role in HCC *** The expression profile of Rab24 was tested in HCC tissues together with adjacent tissues from transcriptional,mRNA,and protein *** prognostic role of Rab24 in HCC was assessed by univariate and multivariate *** outcomes were evaluated by the Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank *** effect of Rab24 on cell proliferation was tested through cellular experiments and xenograft *** Rab24 expression was elevated in HCC tissues compared to adjacent liver *** expression of Rab24 was significantly associated with larger tumor size and advanced tumor ***,HCC patients with high Rab24 expression showed poorer overall survival,and Rab24 was identified as an independent prognosis factor according to multivariate *** using overexpression and shRNA knockdown strategies in HCC cell lines,we found that Rab24 can promote HCC ***,we validated that silencing Rab24 significantly attenuated xenograft growth in *** Our study demonstrated that high expression of Rab24 was significantly correlated with poorer prognosis of HCC patients,indicating the potential of Rab24 as a novel clinical biomarker and therapeutic target.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Ras-related protein Rab24 Prognosis Proliferation

Understanding the link between type 2 diabetes mellitus and Parkinson's disease:role of brain insulin resistance

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3113-3123页

作者： Theodora Ntetsika Sergiu-Bogdan Catrina Ioanna Markaki department of Clinical Neuroscience Karolinska InstituteStockholmSweden department of Neurology Karolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery Karolinska InstituteStockholmSweden center for Diabetes Academic Specialist CenterStockholmSweden center for Neurology Academic Specialist CenterStockholmSweden

Type 2 diabetes mellitus and Parkinson's disease are chronic diseases linked to a growing pandemic that affects older adults and causes significant socio-economic *** data supporting a close relationship between these two aging-related diseases have resulted in the investigation of shared pathophysiological molecular *** insulin signaling in the brain has gained increasing attention during the last decade and has been suggested to contribute to the development of Parkinson's disease through the dysregulation of several pathological *** contribution of type 2 diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance in neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease,with emphasis on brain insulin resistance,is extensively discussed in this article and new therapeutic strategies targeting this pathological link are presented and reviewed.

关键词： brain insulin resistance brain insulin signaling diabetes type 2 GLP-1 receptor agonists GLP-1 signaling insulin resistance insulin signaling neurodegeneration Parkinson's disease targeted therapy

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Predicting colorectal adenomatous polyps in patients with chronic liver disease: A novel nomogram

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第2期31卷 71-84页

作者： Yu-Qin Li Wen-Tao Kuai Lin Chen Ming-Hui Zeng Xue-Mei Tao Jia-Xin Han Yue-Kui Wang Lian-Xin Xu Li-Ying Ge Yong-Gang Liu Shuang Li Liang Xu Yu-Qiang Mi Clinical School of the Second People’s Hospital Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjin 300192China department of Hepatology Tianjin Second People’s HospitalTianjin 300192China department of Pathology Clinical School of the Second People’s HospitalTianjin 300110China endoscopy center Tianjin Second People’s HospitalTianjin 300192China

BACKGROUND Colorectal polyps are commonly observed in patients with chronic liver disease(CLD)and pose a significant clinical concern because of their potential for *** To explore the clinical characteristics of colorectal polyps in patients with CLD,a nomogram was established to predict the presence of adenomatous polyps(AP).METHODS Patients with CLD who underwent colonoscopy at Tianjin Second People’s Hospital from January 2020 to May 2023 were *** data including laboratory results,colonoscopy findings,and pathology reports were *** variables for the nomogram were identified through least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression,followed by multivariate logistic *** performance of the model was evaluated using the area under the receiver area under curve,as well as calibration curves and decision curve *** The study enrolled 870 participants who underwent colonoscopy,and the detection rate of AP in patients with CLD was 28.6%.Compared to individuals without polyps,six risk factors were identified as predictors for AP occurrence:Age,male sex,body mass index,alcohol consumption,overlapping metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease,and serum ferritin *** novel nomogram(AP model)demonstrated an area under curve of 0.801(95%confidence interval:0.756-0.845)and 0.785(95%confidence interval:0.712-0.858)in the training and validation *** curves indicated good agreement among predicted and actual probabilities(training:χ^(2)=11.860,P=0.157;validation:χ^(2)=7.055,P=0.530).The decision curve analysis underscored the clinical utility of the nomogram for predicting the risk of *** The AP model showed reasonable accuracy and provided a clinical foundation for predicting the occurrence of AP in patients with CLD,which has a certain predictive value.

关键词： Metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease Fatty liver Chronic liver disease Colorectal adenomas Hepatitis Risk factors

New Taub-NUT black holes with massive spin-2 hair

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第2期68卷 51-58页

作者： Yu-Qi Chen Hai-Shan Liu center for Joint Quantum Studies and department of Physics School of ScienceTianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China

We consider Einstein gravity extended with quadratic curvature invariants,within which the well-known Ricci-flat Taub-NUT black hole remains a *** analysis of the unstable Lichnerowicz modes in the Taub-NUT background enables us to identify the mass and NUT parameters(m,n)where new Taub-NUT black holes can *** then adopt numerical techniques to construct these new Taub-NUT black holes,which bifurcate away from the Ricci-flat *** the Ricci-flat Taub-NUT,there can exist two new black holes for an appropriate given temperature,making it a total of three if we include the Ricci-flat one.

关键词： higher derivative gravity black hole solution Taub-NUT spacetime

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Synthesis of intermetallic PtCo fuel cell catalysts from bimetallic core@shell structured nanoparticles

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第2期101卷 1-6页

作者： Le Zhang Lei Tong Shuai Li Chang-Song Ma Kun-Ze Xue Hai-Wei Liang Hefei National Research center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Department of Chemistry University of Science and Technology of China

The high activity and stability of intermetallic PtCo nanocatalysts toward oxygen reduction reaction make them a top candidate as low-Pt cathode catalysts in proton exchange membrane fuel cells（PEMFCs）.However,forming intermetallic structures typically requires high-temperature annealing,posing a challenge for achieving well-size control and highly ordered *** we report the design and synthesis of bimetallic co re@shell structured precursors for affording high-performance intermetallic PtCo *** fabrication of the core@shell precursor involves using a molecular ligand containing both sulfur and oxygen donors to selectively bind with Pt colloidal nanoparticles as the core and chelate Co ions as the *** high-temperature annealing,the ligand transforms into carbon coatings around alloy nanoparticles,preventing particle sintering;meanwhile,Co ions in the shell can easily diffuse into the Pt core,which helps to increase the thermodynamic driving force for forming intermetallic *** benefits enable us to obtain the catalyst with finely dispersed nanoparticles（～3.5 nm）and a high ordering degree of 72%.With 0.1 mgPt/cm2cathode loading,the catalyst delivers superior performance and durability in PEMFCs,showing an initial mass activity of 0.56 A/mgPt,an initial power density of 1.05 W/cm2at 0.67 V（H2-air）,and a voltage loss of 26 mV at 0.8 A/cm2after the accelerated durability test.

关键词： Bimetallic structure Fuel cells Intermetallic PtCo Oxygen reduction reaction