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Dopamine Switches Affective States Under Acute Sleep Deprivation

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第8期40卷 1205-1208页

作者： Zhou-Cai Luo Tian-Ming Gao State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of EducationGuangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired IntelligenceGuangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Psychiatric DisordersGuangdong Province Key Laboratory of Psychiatric DisordersGuangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine for Qingzhi DiseasesDepartment of NeurobiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515China

The transition of affective states manifests affective regulation,wherein individuals adaptively adjust their emotional states to cope with changes in the external environment,reflecting their sensitivity and adaptability to environmental *** process of affective state transition is complex,involving both instantaneous and persistent changes influenced by environmental,behavioral,and pharmacological *** underlying neural mechanisms encompass alterations in neurotransmitter release,neural circuit activity,and the plasticity of brain structures[1].

关键词： alterations Dopamine neural

Facial aesthetics is shaped not only by genetic predispositions but also by the cultural norms and values

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第34期12卷 6684-6686页

作者： Takahiko Nagamine psychiatric Internal Medicine Sunlight Brain Research CenterHofu 7470066YamaguchiJapan

The positioning of teeth is of significant importance,both in terms of function and *** is a subjective matter,and there is often a discrepancy between the perceptions of patients and those of medical *** act of wearing a mask has been demonstrated to impair the ability to evaluate facial attractiveness,thereby reaffirming the visual importance of the oral cavity in the context of facial *** notion that a face perceived as beautiful is inherently exceptional is a *** average face is defined as one that exhibits characteristics that are common to the ***,cultural mutations occur at a faster rate than genetic *** regard to changes in facial aesthetics,cultural differences have a more immediate effect than genetic *** advent of the internet meme may herald the advent of an era in which the average face that defines a beautiful face is determined by the internet.

关键词： Orthodontics Mask Genetics Culture Average face

Development of SV2A Ligands for Epilepsy Treatment:A Review of Levetiracetam,Brivaracetam,and Padsevonil

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第5期40卷 594-608页

作者： Peng-Peng Wu Bi-Rong Cao Fu-Yun Tian Zhao-Bing Gao center for Neurological and psychiatric Research and Drug Discovery Shanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201203China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery Shanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesZhongshan528400China

Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder that is primarily treated with antiseizure medications(ASMs).Although dozens of ASMs are available in the clinic,approximately 30%of epileptic patients have medically refractory seizures;other limitations in most traditional ASMs include poor tolerability and drug-drug ***,there is an urgent need to develop alternative ***(LEV)is a first-line ASM that is well tolerated,has promising efficacy,and has little drug-drug *** it is widely accepted that LEV acts through a unique therapeutic target synaptic vesicle protein(SV)2A,the molecular basis of its action remains *** so,the next-generation SV2A ligands against epilepsy based on the structure of LEV have achieved clinical *** review highlights the research and development(R&D)process of LEV and its analogs,brivaracetam and padsevonil,to provide ideas and experience for the R&D of novel ASMs.

关键词： Levetiracetam Epilepsy Antiseizure medications Synaptic vesicle protein 2A Brivaracetam Padsevonil

New role of platelets in schizophrenia:predicting drug response

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General Psychiatry 2024年第2期37卷 197-206页

作者： Yamin Zhang Yanghao Zheng Peiyan Ni Sugai Liang Xiaojing Li Hua Yu Wei Wei Xueyu Qi Xueli Yu Rui Xue Liansheng Zhao Wei Deng Qiang Wang Wanjun Guo Tao Li Department of Neurobiology Zhejiang University School of Medicine Affiliated Mental Health Centre&Hangzhou Seventh People's HospitalHangzhouZhejiangChina Liangzhu Laboratory Zhejiang University MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain Machine IntegrationHangzhouZhejiangChina Mental Health center and psychiatric Laboratory West China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina

Background Elevated platelet count(PLTc)is associated with first-episode schizophrenia and adverse outcomes in individuals with precursory ***,the impact of antipsychotic medications on PLTc and its association with symptom improvement remain *** We aimed to investigate changes in PLTc levels following antipsychotic treatment and assess whether PLTc can predict antipsychotic responses and metabolic changes after accounting for other related *** A total of 2985 patients with schizophrenia were randomised into seven *** group received one of seven antipsychotic treatments and was assessed at 2,4 and 6 *** symptoms were evaluated using the positive and negative syndrome scale(PANSS).Additionally,we measured blood cell counts and metabolic parameters,such as blood *** measures analysis of variance was used to examine the effect of antipsychotics on PLTc changes,while structural equation modelling was used to assess the predictive value of PLTc on PANSS *** PLTc significantly increased in patients treated with aripiprazole(F=6.00,p=0.003),ziprasidone(F=7.10,p<0.001)and haloperidol(F=3.59,p=0.029).It exhibited a positive association with white blood cell count and metabolic *** baseline PLTc was observed in non-responders,particularly in those defined by the PANSS-negative *** the structural equation model,PLTc,white blood cell count and a latent metabolic variable predicted the rate of change in the PANSS-negative subscale ***,higher baseline PLTc was observed in individuals with less metabolic change,although this association was no longer significant after accounting for baseline metabolic *** Platelet parameters,specifically PLTc,are influenced by antipsychotic treatment and could potentially elevate the risk of venous thromboembolism in patients with *** PLTc levels and associated factors may impede symptom improvement by

关键词： schizophrenia assessed treatment

Current status and challenges in the application of microbial PHA particles

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Particuology 2024年第4期87卷 286-302页

作者： Jiaxuan Liu Ziqi Zhou Haoru Li Xinyu Yang Zeyu Wang jian Xiao Dai-Xu Wei Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China Ministry of EducationSchool of MedicineDepartment of Life Sciences and MedicineNorthwest UniversityXi'an710069China School of Clinical Medicine Qujing Medical CollegeQujing655000China School of Physics and Electronic Information Shangrao Normal UniversityShangrao334001China Zigong Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University Zigong Psychiatric Research CenterZigong Institute of Brain ScienceZigong643002China

Polyhydroxyalkanoates(PHAs)are diversiform biopolyesters with a similar structure and different side chain groups,synthesized by a variety of *** to their excellent biodegradability and biocompatibility,PHAs have been used for many applications,including medical implants,antibacterial agents and ***-architecture is an emerging area for the use of *** review summarizes the current status and challenges of PHAs-based particles on the micro-and nano-scale,including their production,degradation,biological safety,and surface *** also focus on the applications of PHA particles in drug delivery systems,environment protection,tissue engi-neering,vaccine engineering,food science,biotechnology and ***,the future development trends of PHAs-based particles are prospected.

关键词： Polyhydroxyalkanoates(PHAs) Particles Synthetic biology Tissue engineering

Abnormalities of electroencephalography microstates in patients with depression and their association with cognitive function

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第1期14卷 128-140页

作者： Rui-Jie Peng Yu Fan Jin Li Feng Zhu Qing Tian Xiao-Bin Zhang Suzhou Medical College Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Psychiatry Suzhou Psychiatric HospitalThe Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215137Jiangsu ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND A growing number of recent studies have explored underlying activity in the brain by measuring electroencephalography(EEG)in people with ***,the consistency of findings on EEG microstates in patients with depression is poor,and few studies have reported the relationship between EEG microstates,cognitive scales,and depression severity *** To investigate the EEG microstate characteristics of patients with depression and their association with cognitive *** A total of 24 patients diagnosed with depression and 32 healthy controls were included in this study using the Structured Clinical Interview for Disease for The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,Fifth *** collected information relating to demographic and clinical characteristics,as well as data from the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status(RBANS;Chinese version)and *** Compared with the controls,the duration,occurrence,and contribution of microstate C were significantly higher[depression(DEP):Duration 84.58±24.35,occurrence 3.72±0.56,contribution 30.39±8.59;CON:Duration 72.77±10.23,occurrence 3.41±0.36,contribution 24.46±4.66;Duration F=6.02,P=0.049;Occurrence F=6.19,P=0.049;Contribution F=10.82,P=0.011]while the duration,occurrence,and contribution of microstate D were significantly lower(DEP:Duration 70.00±15.92,occurrence 3.18±0.71,contribution 22.48±8.12;CON:Duration 85.46±10.23,occurrence 3.54±0.41,contribution 28.25±5.85;Duration F=19.18,P<0.001;Occurrence F=5.79,P=0.050;Contribution F=9.41,P=0.013)in patients with depression.A positive correlation was observed between the visuospatial/constructional scores of the RBANS scale and the transition probability of microstate class C to B(r=0.405,P=0.049).CONCLUSION EEG microstate,especially C and D,is a possible biomarker in *** with depression had a more frequent transition from microstate C to B,which may relate to more negative ruminati

关键词： Depression Electroencephalography Microstates Cognitive functions

From Fostering to Delusional Disorder of Filiation

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第4期14卷 283-286页

作者： Momar Camara Wissem Masmoudi El Hadji Makhtar Ba Sokhna Seck Maïmouna Dieye Aïda Sylla Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Thiaroye National psychiatric Hospital center Dakar Senegal Fann National University Hospital center Dakar Senegal Albert Royer Childrens Hospital Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Fostering is a widespread practice in West Africa. It played an essential role in the circulation of children. The failure of its community regulation, not compensated by a legal framework, has made its practice precarious. Observation: A case study was conducted on Dior, who was hospitalised in a psychiatric ward for a delusional disorder of filiation. Dior was entrusted to her maternal grandmother and aunt at ages 2 and 9. During these fosterings, the place of the symbolic father was not substituted, causing a void that challenged her imagination. The outcome was an inscription in a genealogy where she had found herself with prestigious parents. Discussion: Fostering has strongly disrupted the family dynamics in Dior’s case. One of her options was to assume the paternal function, the use of which was perceived as a defiance or even a transgression. This same function would be a starting point of a psychosis whose filial character would only be an attempt at rectification where reality and imagination collide. Conclusion: Our study reveals the importance of stable parental figures at stake in fostering contexts, which constitute a risk factor for the development of a subsequent psychosis.

关键词： Delusional Disorder of Filiation Psychopathology Interactions Fostering Family

Association of serum interleukin-6 with negative symptoms in stable early-onset schizophrenia

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第6期14卷 794-803页

作者： Peng Chen Hai-Dong Yang Jun-Jie Wang Zhen-Hua Zhu Hui-Min Zhao Xu-Yuan Yin Yuan Cai Hong-LiangZhu Jia-Lin Fu Xin-Zhu Zhang Wen-Xi Sun Li Hui Xiao-Bin Zhang Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University Suzhou 215123Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Psychiatry Suzhou Psychiatric HospitalInstitute of Mental HealthThe Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215137Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Psychiatry The Fourth People’s Hospital of LianyungangThe Affiliated Kangda College of Nanjing Medical UniversityLianyungang 222003Jiangsu ProvinceChina Research center of Biological Psychiatry Suzhou Psychiatric HospitalInstitute of Mental HealthThe Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215137Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Neurology The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversitySuzhou Municipal HospitalGusu SchoolNanjing Medical UniversitySuzhou 215002Jiangsu ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence suggests that the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6(IL-6)contributes to the pathophysiology of psychiatric ***,there was no study concerning the relationship between IL-6 concentrations and clinical features in the chronic phase of early-onset schizophrenia(EOS).AIM To investigate the relationship between serum IL-6 concentration and the clinical features of *** We measured serum IL-6 Levels from 74 patients with chronic schizophrenia,including 33 with age at onset0.05)after controlling for age,body mass index,and other *** symptom scores were higher in the EOS group than the AOS group(F=6.199,P=0.015).Serum IL-6 concentrations in the EOS group were negatively correlated with both total PANSS-negative symptom score(r=-0.389,P=0.032)and avolition/asociality subscore(r=-0.387,P=0.026).CONCLUSION Patients with EOS may have more severe negative symptoms than those with adult-onset schizophrenia during the chronic phase of the ***-6 signaling may regulate negative symptoms and its avolition/asociality subsymptoms among the early-onset chronic schizophrenic patients.

关键词： Early-onset schizophrenia Interleukin 6 Negative symptoms Avolition Asociality

Comprehensive interventions for adult cyclic vomiting syndrome complicated by superior mesenteric artery syndrome:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第29期12卷 6327-6334页

作者： Bo Liu Hui Sun Yang Liu Min-Lan Yuan Hong-Ru Zhu Wei Zhang Department of Psychiatry Zigong Mental Health CenterZigong 643020Sichuan ProvinceChina Department of Radiology West China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041Sichuan ProvinceChina Mental Health center and psychiatric Laboratory West China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041Sichuan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Cyclic vomiting syndrome(CVS)is a chronic functional gastrointestinal disorder involving the gut–brain interaction that is characterized by recurring episodes of nausea,vomiting,abdominal pain,and interspersed complete normal *** mesenteric artery(SMA)syndrome(SMAS)is a vascular condition in which the horizontal portion of the duodenum is compressed due to a reduced angle between the aorta and the *** condition presents with symptoms similar to CVS,posing challenges in distinguishing between the two and often resulting in misdiagnosis or inappropriate *** SUMMARY A 20-year-old female patient presented with recurrent episodes of vomiting and experienced a persistent fear of vomiting for the past 2 *** adopted conscious dietary restrictions,which led to severe ***,she was diagnosed with SMAS,as revealed by computed tomography *** efforts to increase the angle between the aorta and the SMA through weight gain,her vomiting did not ***,she was diagnosed with comorbidities including CVS,SMAS and anxiety *** underwent comprehensive interventions,including enteral and parenteral nutritional supplementation,administration of antiemetic and anti-anxiety agents,and participation in mindfulness-based cognitive *** patient eventually experienced a notable improvement in both body weight and clinical *** We present a rare case of CVS in an adult complicated with SMAS and propose additional treatment with nutritional support,pharmacological intervention,and psychotherapy.

关键词： Cyclic vomiting syndrome Superior mesenteric artery syndrome Anxiety disorder Nutritional supplementation Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy Case report