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Predictors of multiple injuries in individual distance runners:A retrospective study of 75,401 entrants in 4 annual races-SAFER XX

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Journal of sport and Health Science 2022年第3期11卷 339-346页

作者： Sonja Swanevelder Nicola Sewry Martin Schwellnus Esme Jordaan Biostatistics Unit South African Medical Research CouncilParow 7575South Africa sport Exercise Medicine and Lifestyle Institute(SEMLI)Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of PretoriaPretoria 0081South Africa International Olympic Committee(IOC)Research Centre Pretoria 0081South Africa emeritus professor of sport and exercise medicine Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Cape TownBellville 7535South Africa Statistics and Population Studies Department University of the Western CapeBellville 7535South Africa

Background There are limited data on factors that predict an increased risk of multiple injuries among distance *** objective of this study was to determine risk factors that are predictive of individual runners with a high annual multiple injury risk(MIR).Methods A retrospective,cross-sectional study at 4 annual(2012-2015)Two Oceans 21.1 km and 56.0 km races in South Africa with 75,401 consenting race ***-related injury data were collected retrospectively through an online pre-race medical screening *** average number of injuries for each runner every year was calculated by taking a runner's race entry history and injury history into account and categorizing entrants into 4 MIR categories(high,intermediate,low,and very low(reference)).Multiple logistic regression modeling(odds ratios)was used to determine whether the following factors were predictive of a high MIR(average>1 injury/year):demographics,training and racing,chronic-disease history(composite chronic disease score(CCDS)),and history of *** Of all entrants,9.2%reported at least 1 injury,and 0.4%of entrants were in the high MIR category;the incidence rate was 2.5 injuries per 10 runner-years(95%confidence interval(95%CI):2.4-2.7).Significant factors predictive of runners in the high MIR category were:running for>20 years:OR=2.0(95%CI:1.3-3.1;p=0.0010);a higher CCDS:OR=2.2(95%CI:2.0-2.4;p20 years and those with multiple chronic diseases or a history of allergies were at higher risk of multiple running-related *** high-risk group can be targeted for further study and possible injury-prevention interventions.

关键词： Allergies Chronic diseases Multiple injuries Risk factors SAFER study

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WASO: Why Does It Increase with Age?

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2022年第4期12卷 164-176页

作者： James M. Gregory professor emeritus Texas Tech University Lubbock TX USA

Insomnia is a common sleep disorder, especially for seniors. WASO (time awake after sleep onset), a component of insomnia, tends to increase with age. There are also many variations in WASO for seniors. To better understand the nature of insomnia, an equation was developed to predict WASO using maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) as a measure of fitness associated with aerobic exercise. Predictions from the equation matched measured values with an R2 = 0.98. The results were highly significant (p 2max as a function of age and relative fitness (a measure of aerobic fitness independent of age). The two equations were combined to predict WASO as a function of age, gender, and relative fitness. Based on these results, it appears that aerobic exercise to improve relative fitness can be used to reduce WASO. The WASO model explains the numerous reports of reduced WASO associated with long-term exercise programs. The model also explains why WASO increases with age and why high WASO values associate with early death.

关键词： WASO Time Awake Sleep Disorders Sleep Quality Aerobic exercise

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Mathematical Model for Stroke and White Matter Hyperintensities

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2023年第4期13卷 66-94页

作者： James M. Gregory professor emeritus Civil Engineering Department at Texas Tech University Lubbock TX USA

A mathematical model was developed to predict the risk of having a stroke as a person ages. The age component was derived from the concept that the change in risk of stroke with age is a function of the current risk of developing a stroke. This equation modeled the trend with age reported in the literature for two different data sets with R2 values of 0.97 or better for both men and women. A second equation of a similar nature was developed to predict the accumulation of white matter hyperintensities, WMH, as a person ages. It appears that each equation includes a set of common risk factors. This set of common risk factors allows an individual’s risk for stroke to be based on measured WMH. A third equation links WMH with the risk of developing a stroke. This equation allows an individual to use measured WMH from brain scans to predict the future risk of developing a stroke. In theory, a person with a relatively high measurement of WMH can project future risk for stroke with age and use counter measures such as exercise and medications to keep other risk factors low as a person continues to age.

关键词： Stroke White Matter Hyperintensities WMH Aging Depression Trauma PTSD

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Improving BRICS’s public health and wellness through physical activity

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Journal of sport and Health Science 2019年第6期8卷 503-504页

作者： Barbara E.Ainsworth Fuzhong Li J.Larry Durstine School of Kinesiology Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85004USA Oregon Research Institute OR 97403USA Department of exercise Science The University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC 29208USA

In 2009,professor Steven Blair predicted that physical inactivity would be the greatest public health issue of the 21st century.~1 A public health problem is one that affects the health,function,and well-being of a la... 详细信息

关键词： greatest function BRICS

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Civilisational Games and Cultural Struggles:Western media representations of the Beijing bid for the 2008 Olympic Games

Civilisational Games and Cultural Struggles:Western media re...

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北京论坛（2006）文明的和谐与共同繁荣—对人类文明方...

作者： Joseph Maguire ISSA RC27/ISAExecutive Board Member ICSSPE School of sport & exercise Sciences Loughborough University Leicestershire LE11 3TU UK Professor Dr Past-President

The award of the 2008 Olympic Games to the People’s Republic of China was marked by a series of cultural struggles between those located within sport and those in the wider social,economic and political *** been narrowly beaten by Sydney to hold the 2000 Olympic Games,China sought to ensure that they would win the nomination for the 2008 *** a variety of media and marketing strategies adopted from the west,China was *** here focuses on the response of US/UK media,sport organisations, and political and cultural commentators to this *** gained from a qualitative content analysis of selected media reveals three main ***,reporters argued that the IOC had made a mistake in awarding the games to ***,commentators remarked that even if the award was correct in sporting terms,China’s human rights record was now seen to be ’on trial’,and the society itself ’on probation’.Third,editorials questioned the meaning and function of the Olympics and the criteria by which a games should be *** evidence highlights the contradictions that lie at the heart of the IOC’s Olympic project.

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水合作用与身体活动:科学概念及实际应用

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体育科学 2001年第3期21卷 93-94页

作者： Gary W Mack Ph.D. Michael F.Bergeron Associate professor The JohnB.PierceLaboratory Yale University New Haven CTAssociate Professor The JohnB.PierceLaboratory Yale University New HavenCTDept.of Exercise Science University of Massachusetts-Amherst

有关脱水对身体活动的影响,你们已经进行了哪些研究?

关键词：身体活动科学概念运动医学水合作用运动能力脱水补水措施

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State of the Art Priciples in Shoulder Rehabilitation

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中国康复医学杂志 2003年第7期18卷 393-397页

作者： Edward R.Laskowski M.D. Mayo Clinic sports medicine Center Associate ProfessorMayo Medical SchoolCo-Director

The primary goal of shoulder rehabilitation is to restore optimal pain-free shoulder function. In general terms, shoulder rehabilitation involves control of pain and inflammation,early non-traumatic motion, muscle reactivation, strengthening of shoulder group muscles, and restoration of normal shoulder function within the kinetic-kinematic chain. Finally, sports and activity-specific rehabilitative exercise are essential to maximize function and return the patient to their prior sport or activity without deficit. This discussion will review recent research findings that have expanded our knowledge and understanding of shoulder function and which will serve as guidelines for a state-of-the-art shoulder rehabilitation program.

关键词：疼痛控制肩部康复肩功能功能锻炼

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exercise,the endocannabinoid system and metabolic health

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Journal of sport and Health Science 2013年第1期2卷 60-61页

作者： Petri Wiklund Satu Pekkala Sulin Cheng Department of H ealth Sciences Untversity of JyvaskylaF1-40014 JyvaskylaFinland School of Kinesiology Shanghai University of Sport Shanghai 200438 China

*** endocannabinoid system in obesity and metabolic disorders As obesity and associated metabolic disorders,such as type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia,are becoming one of the most serious health problems worldwide,development of effective therapies is a high *** the search for treatments,the recently discovered endocannabinoid system(ECS) has begun to garner attention,and a wealth of research is now

关键词：代谢性疾病调节系统健康问题内源性大麻演习 2型糖尿病血脂异常

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6周有氧运动训练和节食对不经常运动的超重和肥胖的绝经前女性的代谢反应:一项随机试验(英文)

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Journal of sport and Health Science 2014年第3期3卷 217-224页

作者： Petri Wiklund Markku Alen Eveliina Munukk Shu Mei Cheng Bo Yu Satu Pekkala Sulin Cheng Department of Health Sciences University of Jyv?dskyl? Department of Medical Rehabilitation Oulu University Hospital Institute of Health Sciences University of Oulu School of Kinesiology Shanghai University of Sport Department of sport and Physical Education Shanghai Jiao Tong University

背景:本研究旨在比较为期6周的短期中等强度有氧训练和节食对绝经前女性血清代谢组学和心脏代谢风险因素的作用。方法:将90名先前体力活动水平低的超重和肥胖女性(BMI 25-35 kg/m^2)随机分为两组:6周北欧式健步走计划组(n=45)和饮食控制... 详细信息

背景:本研究旨在比较为期6周的短期中等强度有氧训练和节食对绝经前女性血清代谢组学和心脏代谢风险因素的作用。方法:将90名先前体力活动水平低的超重和肥胖女性(BMI 25-35 kg/m^2)随机分为两组:6周北欧式健步走计划组(n=45)和饮食控制组(n=45),在实验开始前和最后一次训练结束7天以后分别测量其身体成分、血糖、胰岛素和血脂等指标,用核磁共振光谱分析血清低分子量代谢物和腊质成分。结果:6周有氧训练组对于体重和脂肪量未见改变,而运动可以引起血清自由脂肪酸(-34.7%,95%CI:-50--18,p<0.001)、血糖(-9.6%,95%CI:-15--4,p<0.001)、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)(-28.7%,95%CI:-48--10,p=0.005)的显著降低。相反,饮食控制组可见体重降低,但自由脂肪酸、空腹血糖、HOMA-IR均无改变。结论:结果显示,对于体力活动较少的超重和肥胖女性,体重轻微降低对健康的益处并不显著,而短期有规律的有氧运动即使在体重没有变化的情况下也能促进糖和脂的代谢。

关键词：运动训练代谢反应氧代谢随机试验肥胖超重女性绝经

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Clinical and Radiographic Evaluation of Cattle Tail before and after the <i>Vaquejada</i>Race

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Open Journal of Veterinary medicine 2021年第6期11卷 165-176页

作者： Raíssa Karolliny Salgueiro Cruz Maria Luiza Albuquerque Ribeiro Juliano Sarmento Macedo Brunno Aguiar Ferreira Marcelo Araújo Silva Anaemília das Neves Diniz Helena Emília Cavalcanti da Costa Cordeiro Manso Helio Cordeiro Manso Filho professor of the Veterinary medicine course Cesmac University Center (CESMAC) Maceió-AL Brazil Veterinarian and Member of the Association of Veterinarians of Equidae and Bovids of Alagoas (AMVEBAL) Maceió-AL Brazil Adjunct professor at the Federal University of Alagoas Maceió-AL Brazil Equine Research Center Federal Rural University of Pernambuco Recife-PE Brazil

The vaquejada race is a sport with animals which has the greatest socio-economic impact in Brazil and is responsible for generating an intense cultural and economic movement. However, this activity has been the subject of questions about well-being involving the environmental and mental comfort conditions offered to equine and cattle interactions. It is necessary to perform technical evaluations of the cattle involved on the basis of scientific study to better understand the processes of sport and, with this, promote their evolution on good welfare practices in the 21st century. Therefore, to test the hypothesis that the use of the official rules of the vaquejada where cattle use a protective harness on the tail protects the cattle’s tail from injuries in this region that compromise health. Before, during and after races, a study was developed that aimed to perform a general and radiological clinical evaluation in the proximal coccygeal region in cattle that ran in a modern cattle stall. Forty male bovines were evaluated (average: 2 year-old and 420 kg). Oxen were subjected to clinical and radiological examination before and after racing with official rules. Results of the clinical and radiological evaluations performed by veterinarians, did not observe clinical occurrences before and after the races in the 40 cattle evaluated. The increase in heart and respiratory rates was a reflection of temporary management stressors, as the animals returned to the feeding/rumination/interaction pattern after running in the rest pen. The radiographic findings in the tail, represented by the reduction of the intervertebral space and areas of subcutaneous radiolucency, suggest technical artifacts derived from

关键词： Zebu Physical exercise Locomotor Health

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