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Use of High-Yielding Bioenergy Plant Castor Bean(Ricinus communis L.) as a Potential Phytoremediator for Copper-Contaminated Soils

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Pedosphere 2013年第5期23卷 651-661页

作者： R. ANDReAZZA L. BORTOLON S. PIeNIZ F. A. O. CAMARGO Department of Soil Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Laboratory of Soil Microbiology Center of engineer Federal University of Pelotas embrapa - Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation National Research Center of Fisheries Aquaculture and Agricultural Systems Department of Technology and Food Microbiology Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul

Copper （Cu） contamination in the environment has been increased during the years with agricultural and industrial activities. Biotechnological approaches are needed for bioremediation in these areas. The aims of this study were i） to evaluate the phytoreme- diation capacity of the high-yielding bioenergy plant castor bean （Ricinus communis L.） in vineyard soils （Inceptisol and Mollisol） contaminated with Cu and a Cu mining waste; ii） to characterize the castor bean as a Cu phytoremediation plant; and iii） to evaluate the nutrient uptake by castor bean. Castor bean plants cultivated in soil with toxic levels of Cu for 57 d exhibited high phytomass production, a high tolerance index of roots＇ fresh mass and shoots＇ dry mass, a high level of Cu phytoaccumulation in the roots and also, a robust capacity for Cu phytostabilization. Furthermore, castor bean plants did not significantly deplete soil nutrients （such as N, P, and Mg） during cultivation. Plants cultivated in Inceptisol, Mollisol and Cu mining waste exhibited a strong potential for Cu phytoaccumulation, with values of 5900, 3 052 and 2805 g ha-1, respectively. In addition, the castor bean＇s elevated phytomass production and strong growth in Cu-contaminated soils indicated a high level of Cu phytoaccumulation and a potential application in biofuels. These findings indicate that the castor bean is a efficient hyperaccumulator of Cu and a potential candidate plant for the phytoremediation of Cu-contaminated soil.

关键词： biofuels phytoaccumulation phytoremediation phytostabilization

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Yield and quality of maize following the foliar application of a fertilizer based on the byproduct “shale water”

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Agricultural Sciences 2013年第12期4卷 56-65页

作者： Rafael da Silva Messias Vanessa Galli Manoel Artigas Schirmer Clenio Nailto Pillon Sérgio Delmar dos Anjos e Silva Carlos Augusto Posser Silveira Cesar Valmor Rombaldi embrapa Clima Temperado Pelotas Brazil embrapa Clima Temperado Pelotas Brazil Centro de Biotecnologia Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil embrapa Clima Temperado Pelotas Brazil Faculdade de Agronomia eliseu Maciel Universidade Federal de Pelotas Pelotas Brazil Faculdade de Agronomia eliseu Maciel Universidade Federal de Pelotas Pelotas Brazil

The water extracted from the shale rock (shale water) through the pyrolysis process to obtain fuel oil and other products shows a composition based on organic compounds and a wide range of minerals and trace elements with an important role in plant nutrition, suggesting its use as a fertilizer. Thus, the influence of foliar application of shale water (SW), with or without the micronutrients zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), boro (B) and molybdenum (Mo), was evaluated regarding yield and quality of maize grains. The yield, the total antioxidant activity, and the content of starch, phenolic compounds and carotenoids were improved in maize grains following the application of three doses of 7 L/ha of SW, which indicates that SW may influence the primary and secondary metabolisms. The application of SW with micronutrients resulted in the increase of grain yield;however, did not result in the improvement of grain quality. The foliar fertilizer formulations also had an influence in the content of minerals and aminoacids of the grain. The results indicate that SW has potential to be used in agriculture to improve yield and quality of maize.

关键词： Maize Shale Water Foliar Application Grain Quality Biofortification

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Searching for Novel Targets to Control Wheat Head Blight Disease—I-Protein Identification, 3D Modeling and Virtual Screening

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Advances in Microbiology 2016年第11期6卷 811-830页

作者： Natália F. Martins emmanuel Bresso Roberto C. Togawa Martin Urban John Antoniw Bernard Maigret Kim Hammond-Kosack embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia Parque estacao Biológica Brasília Brazil Department of Plant Biology and Crop Science Rothamsted Research Harpenden UK CNRS LORIA UMR 7503 Lorraine University Nancy France

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a destructive disease of wheat and other cereals. FHB occurs in europe, North America and around the world causing significant losses in production and endangers human and animal health. In this article, we provide the strategic steps for the specific target selection for the phytopathogen system wheat-Fusarium graminearum. The economic impact of FHB leads to the need for innovation. Currently used fungicides have been shown to be effective over the years, but recently cereal infecting Fusaria have developed resistance. Our work presents a new perspective on target selection to allow the development of new fungicides. We developed an innovative approach combining both genomic analysis and molecular modeling to increase the discovery for new chemical compounds with both safety and low environmental impact. Our protein targets selection revealed 13 candidates with high specificity, essentiality and potentially assayable with a favorable accessibility to drug activity. Among them, three proteins: trichodiene synthase, endoglucanase-5 and eRG6 were selected for deeper structural analyses to identify new putative fungicides. Overall, the bioinformatics filtering for novel protein targets applied for agricultural purposes is a response to the demand for chemical crop protection. The availability of the genome, secretome and PHI-base allowed the enrichment of the search that combined experimental data in planta. The homology modeling and molecular dynamics simulations allowed the acquisition of three robust and stable conformers. From this step, approximately ten thousand compounds have been virtually screened against three candidates. Forty-five top-ranked compounds were selected from docking results as presenting better interactions and energy at the binding pockets and no toxicity. These compounds may act as inhibitors and lead to the development of new fungicides.

关键词： Fusarium graminearum Fungicide Development 3D Protein Modeling Target Selection

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Biological and chemical attributes of soils under forest species in Northeast Brazil

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第5期31卷 1959-1973页

作者： Olmar Baller Weber Maria Catia Barroso da Silva Cristiane Figueira da Silva Joao Alencar de Sousa Carlos Alberto Kenji Taniguch Deborah dos Santos Garruti Ricardo espindola Romero embrapa Tropical Agroindustry Rua Dra.Sara Mesquita2270PiciFortalezaCeara60511-110Brazil Centro de Ciencias e Tecnologia Universidade Estadual do CearaAv.Dr.Silas Munguba1700Campus do ItaperiFortaleza 60740-000Brazil Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro BR 465Km 7SeropedicaRio De Janeiro 23890-000Brazil Depto Ciencia do Solo Universidade Federal do CearaCampus do PiciFortaleza 60021-970Brazil

Timber forests contribute to the sustainable development of the biomes in tropical *** aim of this study was to evaluate the biological and chemical properties of the soil as a consequence of the cover with native and non-native species in the Acarau basin,a transition area from the coast to the Brazilian semi-arid *** planted with four native species(Anadenanthera colubrina,Astronium fraxinifolium,Handroanthus impetiginosus,Colubrina glandulosa)and three exotic species(Acacia mangium,Casuarina equisetifolia,eucalyptus urophylla)plus a non-forested agricultural area were evaluated for organic carbon contents,and microbial and chemical soil *** levels of soil organic carbon were highest in *** and *** *** basal soil respiration was observed but the microbial biomass was particularly low in the non-forested *** the ***,***,and *** plantations,elevated soil metabolic quotients were *** *** and *** plantations had the highest levels of easily extracted-glomalin related soil *** species affect concentrations of essential nutrients and the biological quality of the soil in different *** can also improve the biological and chemical properties of the soil in the coastal plains of tropical regions.

关键词： Soil quality Brazilian timber species eucalyptus Acacia Casuarina

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石油泄漏对暴风海燕群体的短期影响(英文)

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动物学报 2006年第6期52卷 1042-1048页

作者： Ainara AZKONA I■igo ZUBeROGOITIA Jose Antonio MART■NeZ Jon eTXeZARReTA Agurtzane IRAeTA I■aki CASTILLO Jabier ZABALA Sonia HIDALGO Sociedad de Ciencias Aranzadi Zorroagagaina Kalea 11.20014 Donostia-San Sebastián Estudios Medioambientales Icarus S.L. Apdo 106.48940 Leioa Bizkaia SpainSociedad para el Estudio de las Aves Rapaces(SEAR) Karl Marx 15 4°F 48950 Erandio Bizkaia Spain C/Juan de la Cierva 43 E-03080 El Campello Alicante Spain Sociedad de Ciencias Aranzadi Zorroagagaina Kalea 11.20014 Donostia-San Sebastián Sociedad de Ciencias Aranzadi Zorroagagaina Kalea 11.20014 Donostia-San Sebastián Sociedad para el Estudio de las Aves Rapaces(SEAR) Karl Marx 15 4°F 48950 Erandio Bizkaia Spain Sociedad para el estudio de las aves Rapaces(SeAR) Karl Marx 15 4°F 48950 Erandio Bizkaia Spain

2002年11月原油泄漏前后,我们对伊比利亚半岛比斯开湾内的Aketx岛上的暴风海燕(Hydrobatespelagicus)进行了监测。1993 -2005年期间,利用雾网法调查了暴风海燕的数量,并通过直接观察法来统计雏鸟出飞率。在石油泄漏前,暴风海燕的种群数... 详细信息

2002年11月原油泄漏前后,我们对伊比利亚半岛比斯开湾内的Aketx岛上的暴风海燕(Hydrobatespelagicus)进行了监测。1993 -2005年期间,利用雾网法调查了暴风海燕的数量,并通过直接观察法来统计雏鸟出飞率。在石油泄漏前,暴风海燕的种群数量亦存在年际波动,天气变化和食物丰盛度可能是引起这一现象的根本原因。在2003年,繁殖个体的身体条件较前些年差,繁殖对的数量和雏鸟成活率也有所下降。2004年繁殖对的数量明显少于2003年,繁殖个体的身体状况稍强于2003年,且所有卵都孵化成功。2005年的种群数量已经回升到石油泄漏前的水平,几乎所有配对的暴风海燕都能成功繁殖,亲鸟的身体条件也恢复到了石油泄漏前的水平。值得注意的是,这一群体中幼年个体的数量仍在减少,表明石油污染对种群数量的影响仍然存在,确定污染物在体内积累对这些海鸟所造成的影响将是下一步研究的重点。

关键词：暴风海燕石油泄漏

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Developments in Land Use and Land Cover Classification Techniques in Remote Sensing: A Review

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2022年第1期14卷 1-28页

作者： Lucrêncio Silvestre Macarringue Édson Luis Bolfe Paulo Roberto Mendes Pereira Department of Geography Institute of Geosciences State University of Campinas Campinas Brazil Department of Research Instituto Politécnico de Ciências da Terra e Ambiente Matola Mozambique embrapa Agricultura Digital Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation Campinas Brazil

Studies on land use and land cover changes (LULCC) have been a great concern due to their contribution to the policies formulation and strategic plans in different areas and at different scales. The LULCC when intense and on a global scale can be catastrophic if not detected and monitored affecting the key aspects of the ecosystem’s functions. For decades, technological developments and tools of geographic information systems (GIS), remote sensing (RS) and machine learning (ML) since data acquisition, processing and results in diffusion have been investigated to access landscape conditions and hence, different land use and land cover classification systems have been performed at different levels. Providing coherent guidelines, based on literature review, to examine, evaluate and spread such conditions could be a rich contribution. Therefore, hundreds of relevant studies available in different databases (Science Direct, Scopus, Google Scholar) demonstrating advances achieved in local, regional and global land cover classification products at different spatial, spectral and temporal resolutions over the past decades were selected and investigated. This article aims to show the main tools, data, approaches applied for analysis, assessment, mapping and monitoring of LULCC and to investigate some associated challenges and limitations that may influence the performance of future works, through a progressive perspective. Based on this study, despite the advances archived in recent decades, issues related to multi-source, multi-temporal and multi-level analysis, robustness and quality, scalability need to be further studied as they constitute some of the main challenges for remote sensing.

关键词： Big Spatial Data Cloud Computing Machine Learning Remote Sensing

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Intraguild niche partitioning in granivorous birds from the late past

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Avian Research 2023年第1期14卷 70-77页

作者： Ana B.Navarro Juliano A.Bogoni Marcelo Z.Moreira Luís F.Silveira Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sāo Paulo Secāo de AvesAvNazaré48104263-000São PauloSPBrazil Universidade de Sāo Paulo Escola Superior de Agricultura"Luiz de Queiroz"Departamento de Ciências FlorestaisLaboratório de EcologiaManejo e Conservacāo de Fauna Silvestre(LEMaC)Av.Pádua Dias 1113418-900PiracicabaSPBrazil Universidade de Sāo Paulo Centro de Energia Nuclear na AgriculturaLaboratório de Ecologia IsotópicaAv.Centenário 30313416-903PiracicabaSPBrazil

Niche partitioning is a widespread ecological strategy within trophic guilds,ensuring the coexistence of sympatric species by reducing interspecific *** isotope analysis of carbon and nitrogen and isotopic niche metrics(width and overlap)are used as a proxy to investigate niche partitioning among species of a *** our study,we investigated if niche partitioning was an ecological mechanism contributing to the coexistence of granivorous birds from the same geographic region along time,employing an isotopic *** sampled and isotopically analyzed(δ^(13)C andδ^(15)N values)wing feathers from 58 specimens of granivorous birds collected between 1900 and 1966 in southeastern *** grouped birds according to the main habitat type used by them(forest:Cyanoloxia brissonii,Leptotila and Leptotila verreauxi;and grassland:Columbina squammata and Sicalis flaveola).We used the Isotopic Richness(IRic)metric to measure the isotopic niche width and the Isotopic Similarity(ISim)and Isotopic Nestedness(INes)metrics to measure the niche overlap between groups and *** results of low isotopic niche overlap suggest that common granivorous birds had a clear niche partitioning in southeastern Brazil in the late past,especially through foraging in distinct habitat types(forest and grassland;ISim=0.1,INes=0.2).Niche overlaps in almost all species-by-species comparisons were low(ISim≤0.3,INes≤0.4),except between *** and ***(ISim=0.6,INes=1.0).These results suggest that these birds,belonging to the same trophic guild,coexisted through niche and resource *** being considered a plastic trophic guild,the isotopic niche partitioning among granivorous birds indicates that each of these species uses a set of specific resources and *** raises an ecological concern about the homogenization of landscapes across the Neotropics,oversimplifying food resources and habitats to granivorous birds.

关键词： Atlantic forest Avian ecology Cerrado Community ecology Diet Foraging ecology Habitat use Trophic relations

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Using Computer Vision and Intelligent Classification Techniques for the Classification and Selection of Brazilian Nuts

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Journal of Food Science and engineering 2016年第2期6卷 51-62页

作者： Raphael Gava de Andrade Valentin Oba Roda Jose Dalton Cruz Pessoa Depto de engenharia eletrica e de Computagao EESC/USP Avenida Trabalhador Saocarlense 400 13566-590 Sao Carlos (SP)Brazil embrapa Instrumentagao - Rua XV de Novembro 1452 13560-970 Sao Carlos (SP) Brazil

Aiming to improve the processes involved in the industrial beneficiation of the Brazilian nuts, this work used a new methodology based on concepts of computer vision and intelligent classification, with a focus on two of the various stages of the processing： classification according to the origin and selection. Using the proposed methodology for the selection of the nuts it was possible to distinguish between intact and broken nuts and between good and spoiled nuts with a very high percentage of correct identifications. Also to evaluate the efficiency of the proposed methodology, visual tests by human subjects were performed for the classification of the nuts, the results demonstrated that the intelligent techniques performed the same or better than the visual classification.

关键词： Brazilian nuts classification techniques computer vision intelligent systems.

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Development,Validation and Characterization of Genic Microsatellite Markers in Urochloa Species

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2018年第2期9卷 281-295页

作者： Juliana Santos Souza Lucimara Chiari Rosangela Maria Simeao Mariane de Mendonca Vilela Leonardo Rippel Salgado Universidade Anhanguera-Uniderp-Campus Agrárias Campo GrandeBrazil embrapa Gado de Corte Campo GrandeBrazil

Urochloa (syn. Brachiaria) cultivars represent 85% of tropical pastures occupying 114 million hectares of cultivated grasslands in Brazil. Despite the commercial importance of the Urochloa species, low molecular information is available and is far from saturating the genome. Investigating and obtaining more markers associated to characteristics of difficult and late expression can benefit in accelerating breeding programs of more important species. Aiming to increase the number of molecular markers, genic microsatellite markers were obtained from transcriptome of U. decumbens and analyzed for their cross-amplification to U. brizantha, U. humidicola and U. ruziziensis. Genic microsatellite markers were isolated from a transcriptome obtained of U. decumbens “Basilisk” roots. Specific primers were designed for one hundred loci, and 32 were polymorphic presenting polymorphism informative content values ranging of 0.12 to 0.81 (mean 0.54). Amplified microsatellite regions yield an average of 4.44 alleles per locus (ranging of 1 to 13). Cross-amplification to U. brizantha, U. humidicola and U. ruziziensis were successfully performed, although the number of the loci transferred varied among them. Multiple Correspondence Analysis revealed three distinct groups separating accessions and species. Four genetic markers presented high potential to distinguish sexual and apomictic accessions of Urochloa and must be further investigated. The genic markers identified in this study are the first set of expressed sequence tagged molecular markers for Urochloa species.

关键词： Brachiaria Signalgrass Simple Sequence Repeat Transferability Tropical Forage

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Siting Study of Solar Thermoelectric Plants in the State of Minas Gerais

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2014年第5期6卷 423-439页

作者： Chigueru Tiba Ruibran Januario dos Reis Reis Julio Cesar ezequiel da Costa Veronica Wilma Bezerra Azevedo Joao Francisco Abreu Melina Amoni Silveira Alves Daniel Pereira Guimaraes Marco Aurelio Dumont Porto Nuclear energy Department Federal University of PernambucoRecifeBrazil Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Geografia PUCBelo HorizonteBrazil Companhia energetica de Minas Gerais Belo HorizonteBrazil embrapa Milho e Sorgo Sete LagoasBrazil

The generation of heliothermal electricity has received increasing attention throughout the world in countries such as Spain, the USA, Germany and many others. In Brazil, this type of energy generation in the form of large projects (above 80 MW) remains unexplored. However, it is known that in the country, there are extensive areas of normal direct irradiation with high intensity and a low seasonality factor, especially in the semiarid regions in Brazil, mainly the North and Northeast of Minas Gerais. Moreover, these Minas Gerais regions have other significant characteristics for the installation of these plants: proximity to transmission lines, flatness, the fact that the respective vegetation is not endangered, a suitable land use profile (availability of land not used in agriculture), low wind speed, low population density, and, most recently, an increase in the demand for local electric energy due to the economic growth above the Brazilian average rate. Furthermore, the introduction of solar plants in that region, due to its distributed nature, will bring development and growth to the region (normally poor) by generating employment and income. This article presents a study of the optimal location of thermoelectric plants in the semiarid regions of Minas Gerais, conducted with Geographical Information System (GIS) technology. GIS consists of a set of specialised resources that allow the manipulation of spatial data, bringing efficiency and agility in the identification of suitable places for the installation of solar plants, while simultaneously enabling the consideration of future scenarios for energy planning, with its respective impact, costs and benefits. The study has identified very promising solar irradiation levels for the electric generation by solar energy, whether thermoelectric or photovoltaic, reaching an annual solar irradiation of 2700 kWh/m2 in the summer and in the range of 2200 - 2400 kWh/m2 on an annual basis. This area includes a vast region i

关键词： Solar energy Thermoelectric Solar Plant Geographical Information System Promising Regions in the Minas Gerais

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