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Food Bioscience 2023年第2期52卷 1343-1351页

作者： Maria da Conceicao Prudencio Dutra Ana Beatriz Martins da Silva Ederlan de Souza Ferreira Ana Julia de Brito Araujo Carvalho Marcos dos Santos Lima Aline Camarao Telles Biasoto Graduate Program in Food Science Faculty of PharmacyFederal University of BahiaSalvadorBahiaBrazil Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology of Sertao PernambucanoLiquid Chromatography LaboratoryCampus IndustrialPetrolinaPernambucoBrazil Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation Embrapa Semi-arid RegionPetrolinaPernambucoBrazil Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation Embrapa EnvironmentJaguariunaSao PauloBrazil

Grape juices are rich in bioactive compounds;however,for these compounds to exert their functionality,they must be ***,the present study evaluated a simulated digestion process on the main bioactive compounds of monovarietal grape juices of five Brazilian hybrid cultivars(*** x ***).Characterization of the chemical profiles in liquid chromatography(HPLC-DAD-RID),behaviour of phenolics in the stages of digestion and bioaccessibility through the INFOGEST protocol plus intestinal barrier passage were carried *** the 24 polyphenols identified in the grape juice samples,11 were bioaccessible,with emphasis on the class of *** B2(101-426%),(+)-catechin(169-370%)and gallic acid(61-230%)stood out in all juices,showing that these compounds are key to the functionality of these *** were observed to differ between juices,demonstrating that factors such as the cultivar should be explored more extensively in studies on functional *** study also suggests that quality components such as sugars and organic acids influence the bioaccessibility of beverages.

关键词： Grape cultivars Functional beverages Phytochemicals Digestion simulation Bioactivity

Changes in Soil Carbon Stocks under Integrated Crop-Livestock-Forest System in the Brazilian Amazon Region

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Agricultural Sciences 2017年第9期8卷 904-913页

作者： Marcela C.G.da Conceicao Eduardo S.Matos Edison D.Bidone Renato de A.R.Rodrigues Renato C.Cordeiro Universidade Federal Fluminense NiteróiBrazil embrapa Agrossilvipastoril SinopBrazil embrapa Solos Rio de JaneiroBrazil

Several studies indicate that the use of integrated production systems, such as integrated crop-livestock-forest systems (ICLF), improves the quality of the soil and consequently the sequestration of organic carbon in the soil. In this way, this work aims to evaluate the carbon stocks in soil under different management systems in the Cerrado/Amazonia transition zone, namely: ICLF, no-tillage, pasture and eucalyptus plantation. For this, two soil samplings were done in 2011 and 2014, in the 0 - 5, 5 - 10 and 10 - 30 cm layers. Soil carbon and nitrogen stocks were analyzed. ICLF system was the treatment that obtained the highest percentage of carbon gain (7.8%) after three years of establishment which represents to an increase of 5.5 Mg·ha-1. Management systems, such as ICLF, with minimal soil disturbance combined with crop rotations that contribute to the quantity and quality of residues input, increase soil organic matter content. Carbon stock data show the potential of ICLF systems to increase soil carbon stocks.

关键词： Agriculture Soil Carbon ICLF Soil Management

ArtinM as a Neutrophil Immunostimulant in Juvenile Nile Tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>)

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2013年第2期3卷 204-208页

作者： Caroline Toazza Leticia Carandina Rogerio Salvador Wagner Loyola Júlio Cesar Freitas embrapa Swine and Poultry Concordia Brazil

Streptococcosis is one of the most important diseases in aquaculture, causing high rates of mortality in fish. ArtinM, an immunostimulant obtained from jackfruit (Artocarpus integrifolia) seed extract, enhances the innate immune response. The aim of this study was to examine the action of ArtinM on neutrophil haptotaxis to the peritoneal cavity of juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) inoculated intraperitoneally with Streptococcus agalactiae. After establishing the LD50 of S. agalactiae and the effective dose of ArtinM, 120 animals randomly distributed in 12 aquaria were divided into the following four treatment groups: G1, control;G2, via the intraperitoneal (i.p.) route inoculation with ArtinM;G3, i.p. inoculation with S. agalactiae and G4, i.p. inoculation with ArtinM and challenge with S. agalactiae. Six and 24 hours after treatment, the fish were sacrificed and peritoneal exudate and caudal vein blood samples were collected for analysis of the total number of leukocytes and neutrophils. To establish the optimal ArtinM concentration, the results were analyzed with a chi-square test at a 1% significance level. The experimental inoculation and challenge results were analyzed with the SASM-Agri software developed by Canteri et al. (2001) using the Scott-Knott’s test at a 5% significance level. The results of this study showed that i.p. inoculation with 1.0 μg ArtinM/animal has an effect on neutrophil haptotaxis to the peritoneal cavity in juvenile Nile tilapia. Therefore, ArtinM might represent a suitable prophylactic alternative in juvenile Nile tilapias inoculated with S. agalactiae.

关键词： Fish Immune System Protein Lectin Haptotaxis

Comments on the special issue on tropical crops of FASE

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2016年第4期3卷 375-376页

作者： Luiz J C B CARVALHO embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology Center

The issues of tropical crop domestication,genetic diversity of edible part(nutritive values)are of major concerns for topical crops,especially in order to high light the domestication syndrome processes of non-seeds crops as sources of food for *** title examples authors listed and the ones added here strengthen the utilization of modern

关键词： Comments on the special issue on tropical crops of FASE

Effects of Five Years Adoption of No-Tillage Systems for Vegetables Crops in Soil Organic Matter Contents

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Agricultural Sciences 2018年第1期9卷 117-128页

作者： Carlos E. P. Lima ítalo M. R. Guedes Juscimar da Silva Flávia A. Alcantara Nuno R. Madeira Agnaldo D. F. Carvalho Mariana R. Fontenelle embrapa Hortaliç as CNPH Brasília Brazil

Vegetables productions systems are done normally with intense soil tillage causing a strong decline of soil quality. Use of conservation systems can be an alternative to recover this quality. In order to evaluate the effects of such systems on soil organic matter, an experiment has been conducted in randomized blocks design and factorial scheme 3 × 2: three soil management systems (no-tillage;reduced tillage and conventional tillage) and two cover crops (maize single;and intercropping maize with gray velvet bean—Stizolobium niveum);and repeated measures over time. Soil samples were collected before the implementation of the experiment and at the end of each crop cycle until the fifth crop cycle. Carbon associated with humic substances is also determined in 0 - 5 cm, 5 - 10 cm and 10 - 30 cm at the end of the last crop cycle. The SOM content was higher in RT (48.34 g·kg-1) than in the CT (39.48 g·kg-1) at the end of the fifth crop cycle. SOM content in NT (44.92 g·kg-1) was statistically equal to RT and CT, during the same period. In 0 - 5 cm, carbon contents associated to the humic substances present the same behavior of SOM contents in 0 - 10 cm. Probably these results are associated with the capacity of each system to improve superficial contents of SOM stable fractions. It follows that the conservation systems used are alternatives to the cultivation vegetables in order to improve soil organic matter contents.

关键词： No-Tillage Reduced Tillage Soil Conservation Soil Management

Effect of Socio-Economic Variables on Fish Production of Small Farmers in Tocantins State, Brazil

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2014年第4期4卷 331-339页

作者： Roberto Manolio Valladao Flores Manoel Xavier Pedroza Filho embrapa Fisheries and Aquaculture Palmas 77020-020 Brazil

Fish farming is a strategic activity for both the economy and food security of the Tocantins state. Nowadays, there are about eighty small fish farmers in the region of Divin6polis in Tocantins state. The technological level of fish farmers is low and it was found that only 30% of farmers could ever get to the point of selling fish. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to investigate which socioeconomic factors have influence on the fact of fish farmers in the region of Divin6polis and in Tocantins state reach a level of efficiency in production enough that the fish can be good for sale in the local market. To estimate this relation the logit model was chosen, with methodology based on the empirical model used in Musaba and Namukwambi. Following the production of fish farms in the Western of Tocantins state, the collect of the data, during 2012, were conduct with interviews of 30 fish farms, visiting them in their homes and applying a questionnaire. Through the use of econometric models of probability for limited dependent variables, it was found that factors such as participation in federal programs to transfer income, total area of water and production in ponds are key factors in determining the likelihood of producer to sell fish.

关键词： Aquaculture small fish farming logit Tocantins state.

Selection signatures in Canchim beef cattle

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2017年第1期8卷 15-23页

作者： Ismael Urbinati Nedenia Bonvino Stafuzza Marcos Túlio Oliveira Tatiane Cristina Seleguim Chud Roberto Hiroshi Higa Luciana Correia de Almeida Regitano Maurício Mello de Alencar Marcos Eli Buzanskas Danísio Prado Munari Departamento de Ciencias Exatas Univ Estadual PaulistaFaculdade de Ciencias Agrairias e VeterinairiasjaboticabalSao Paulo 14884-900Brazil Departamento de Tecnologia UNESP-Univ Estadual PaulistaFaculdade de Ciencias Agrarias e VeterinariasJaboticabalSao Paulo 14884-900Brazil embrapa Agricultural Informatics CampinasSao Paulo 13083-886Brazil embrapa Southeast Livestock Sao CarlosSao Paulo 13560-970Brazil

Background： Recent technological advances in genomics have allowed the genotyping of cattle through single nucleotide polymorphism（SNP） panels. High-density SNP panels possess greater genome coverage and are useful for the identification of conserved regions of the genome due to selection, known as selection signatures（SS）. The SS are detectable by different methods, such as the extended haplotype homozygosity（EHH）; and the integrated haplotype score（i HS）, which is derived from the EHH. The aim of this study was to identify SS regions in Canchim cattle（composite breed）, genotyped with high-density SNP ***： A total of 687,655 SNP markers and 396 samples remained for SS analysis after the genotype quality control. The i HS statistic for each marker was transformed into pi HS for better interpretation of the *** BTA5 and BTA14 showed pi HS 〉 5, with 39 and nine statistically significant SNPs（P 〈 0.00001）,respectively. For the candidate selection regions, i HS values were computed across the genome and averaged within non-overlapping windows of 500 Kb. We have identified genes that play an important role in metabolism,melanin biosynthesis（pigmentation）, and embryonic and bone ***： The observation of SS indicates that the selection processes performed in Canchim, as well as in the founder breeds（i.e. Charolais）, are maintaining specific genomic regions, particularly on BTA5 and BTA14. These selection signatures regions could be associated with Canchim characterization.

关键词： Composite breed Extended haplotype homozygosity Genomics Single nucleotide polymorphism

Examining effective use of data sources and modeling algorithms for improving biomass estimation in a moist tropical forest of the Brazilian Amazon

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2017年第10期10卷 996-1016页

作者： Yunyun Feng Dengsheng Lu Qi Chena Michael Keller Emilio Moran Maiza Nara dos-Santos Edson Luis Bolfe Mateus Batistella The Nurturing Station for the State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang ProvinceSchool of Environmental&Resource SciencesZhejiang Agriculture and Forestry UniversityLin AnPeople’s Republic of China Center for Global Change and Earth Observations Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMIUSA Department of Geography University of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHIUSA Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation–embrapa Informática Agropecuária CampinasBrazil USDA Forest Service International Institute of Tropical ForestryRio PiedrasPRUSA Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation–embrapa Secretariat of Intelligence and Macro StrategyBrasíliaBrazil Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation(embrapa) BrasíliaBrazil

Previous research has explored the potential to integrate lidar and optical data in aboveground biomass(AGB)estimation,but how different data sources,vegetation types,and modeling algorithms influence AGB estimation is poorly *** research conducts a comparative analysis of different data sources and modeling approaches in improving AGB ***-based spectral responses and textures,lidar-derived metrics,and their combination were used to develop AGB estimation *** results indicated that(1)overall,RapidEye data are not suitable for AGB estimation,but when AGB falls within 50–150 Mg/ha,support vector regression based on stratification of vegetation types provided good AGB estimation;(2)Lidar data provided stable and better estimations than RapidEye data;and stratification of vegetation types cannot improve estimation;(3)The combination of lidar and RapidEye data cannot provide better performance than lidar data alone;(4)AGB ranges affect the selection of the best AGB models,and a combination of different estimation results from the best model for each AGB range can improve AGB estimation;(5)This research implies that an optimal procedure for AGB estimation for a specific study exists,depending on the careful selection of data sources,modeling algorithms,forest types,and AGB ranges.

关键词： Lidar RapidEye aboveground biomass moist tropical forest support vector regression random forest linear regression stratification

Is the Internal Market Able to Accommodate the Strong Growth Projected for Brazilian Aquaculture？

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2014年第5期4卷 407-417页

作者： Roberto Manolio Valladao Flores Manoel Xavier Pedroza Filho embrapa Fisheries and Aquaculture Palmas 77020-020 Brazil

The Brazilian aquaculture industry has shown a strong production growth in recent years. Regarding consumption, analysts believe in a potential expansion of domestic demand for fish in Brazil due to current low per capita consumption and a growing deficit of trade balance. This paper intends to investigate whether there is domestic demand to absorb the increased supply provided by the growth of aquaculture production in Brazil. The investigation consisted in analyze the relationship between the domestic consumption, the population income and the fish price, and analyzed the behavior of this consumption due to the increase of production, using annual time series from 1995 to 2009. Econometric methods of time series showed that could not be said that there will be balance in the fish market.

关键词： Aquaculture consumption vector autoregressive elasticity of demand.

An Emergy-Based Approach to Assess and Valuate Ecosystem Services of Tropical Wetland Pastures in Brazil

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Open Journal of Ecology 2020年第5期10卷 303-319页

作者： Sandra Aparecida Santos Fabio Takahashi Evaldo Luis Cardoso Claudio Flores Luiz Orcirio Fialho de Oliveira Geraldo da Silva e Souza Eliane Goncalves Gomes Enrique Ortega embrapa Pantanal CorumbaMSBrasil Universidade de Vicosa FlorestalMGBrasil embrapa Gado de Corte Campo GrandeMSBrasil embrapa Sede BrasiliaDFBrasil Universidade de Campinas Barao GeraldoSPBrasil

Wetland grasslands are important ecosystems for raising beef cattle, because they are highly productive and present forages with high quality. Most of these ecosystems are threatened by overgrazing or by being replaced by exotic pastures. Emergy synthesis approach was used to assess and value the services provided by native pastures wetland under three conservation status and also to compare them to exotic pastures on wetlands. The ecosystem service that was assessed included forage provision for calves production estimated from grazing capacity of cow with calf at the foot. Habitat maintenance to plant diversity and wild herbivores were also evaluated. The results showed that natural wetland pastures with better conservation status provided valuable ecosystem services and are highly renewable. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) showed that regardless of the conservation state of the natural pastures, wet native grasslands were more efficient than wet exotic grasslands. Replacing native pastures by exotic ones may reduce plant diversity and the renewability of the system. The proposed method has a holistic approach to pasture ecosystems and is able to help decision-makers to define sustainable management practices and to subsidise public policies when it comes to payments regarding ecosystem services.

关键词： Data Envelopment Analysis Forage Resources Natural Pasture Plant Diversity Sustainability