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The Role of the Size Effect on the Drying of Refractory Castables—How Its Under-standing Could Narrow the Gap between Laboratory Studies and Industrial Reality

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China's Refractories 2024年第2期33卷 35-40页

作者： M.H.MOREIRA H.PENG S.Dal PONT V.C.PANDOLFELLI Materials Engineering Department Federal University of São Carlos(UFSCar)São Carlos 13565-905Brazil Materials Innovation Elkem Silicon Products DevelopmentKristiansand 4621Norway CNRS Grenoble INP3SRUniversitéGrenoble AlpesGrenoble 38000France

Refractories have unique capabilities such as sustaining their shape and properties at extreme conditions such as the combination of high temperatures and thermal shock,contact with molten metals and slags and in some circumstances resistance to erosion from abrasive *** the large processing output of the heavy industries such as the cement and steel ones which both require high temperature processes,the refractories structures span various meters and weight of several *** the water removal stage of hydraulic bonded castables in industrial sites takes hours(10-60 h)due to the risk of explosive spalling,efforts to mitigate it are commonly *** has provided theoretical understanding of the general aspects of drying and important tools,such as the thermogravimetry analysis(TGA),for the design of refractory compositions with higher explosive spalling ***,the optimization of this process is still far from the industrial reality especially because the actual linings that require the drying are orders of magnitude larger than the samples considered in the laboratory ***,this study proposed the analysis of the sample volume effect on the water removal dynamics through TGA of high alumina castables with calcium aluminate ***φ5 cm×5 cm cylindrical samples were assessed in a laboratory scale equipment whereas macro TGA were carried out considering 20 cm×20 cm×20 cm and 30 cm×30 cm×30 cm cubic ***,the effect of polymeric fibers was also *** was found out that the different thermal gradients within the macro TGA samples resulted in an inflection on the sample’s heating rate and that the mass loss was affected by the volume considered,especially for the composition without *** findings highlight the requirement of carefully taking into consideration the different dimensional sizes and thermal gradients in the samples when analyzing and interpreting the laboratory studies,and

关键词： drying refractory castables size effect thermogravimetry analysis

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Overexpression of wild-type HRAS drives non-alcoholic steatohepatitis to hepatocellular carcinoma in mice

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Zoological Research 2024年第3期45卷 551-566页

作者： Chen Ling Su-Su Liu Yu-Ya Wang Gui-Tao Huo Yan-Wei Yang Nan Xu Hong Wang Yong Wu Yu-Fa Miao Rui Fu Yu-Wei Zhao Chang-Fa Fan College of Life Sciences Northwest UniversityProvincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi ProvinceXi’anShaanxi 710069China division of Animal Model Research Institute for Laboratory Animal ResourcesNational Institutes for Food and Drug Control(NIFDC)Beijing 102629China National Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs National Institutes for Food and Drug Control(NIFDC)Beijing 100176China division of HIV/AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Virus Vaccines Institute for Biological Products ControlNational Institutes for Food and Drug Control(NIFDC)Beijing 102629China division of Laboratory Animal Monitoring Institute for Laboratory Animal ResourcesNational Institutes for Food and Drug Control(NIFDC)Beijing 102629China

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),a prevalent solid carcinoma of significant concern,is an aggressive and often fatal disease with increasing global incidence rates and poor therapeutic *** etiology and pathological progression of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)-related HCC is multifactorial and ***,no single animal model can accurately mimic the full NASH-related HCC pathological progression,posing considerable challenges to transition and mechanistic ***,a novel conditional inducible wild-type human HRAS overexpressed mouse model(HRAS-HCC)was established,demonstrating 100%morbidity and mortality within approximately one month under normal dietary and lifestyle *** symptoms of HCC such as ascites,thrombus,internal hemorrhage,jaundice,and lung metastasis were successfully replicated in ***-depth pathological features of NASH-related HCC were demonstrated by pathological staining,biochemical analyses,and typical marker gene *** murine anti-PD-1 and sorafenib treatment effectively prolonged mouse survival,further confirming the accuracy and reliability of the *** on protein-protein interaction(PPI)network and RNA sequencing analyses,we speculated that overexpression of HRAS may initiate the THBS1-COL4A3 axis to induce NASH with severe fibrosis,with subsequent progression to ***,our study successfully duplicated natural sequential progression in a single murine model over a very short period,providing an accurate and reliable preclinical tool for therapeutic evaluations targeting the NASH to HCC continuum.

关键词： HRAS THBS1 HCC driver factor NASH Fibrosis Cirrhosis HCC Treatment evaluation

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Chunky graphite in ductile iron castings-Theories and examples

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Chunky graphite in ductile iron castings-Theories and exampl...

New approach for particle size and shape analysis of iron-based oxygen carriers at multiple oxidation states

2008中国铸造活动周

作者： Cathrine Hartung Oddvar Knustad Kjell Wardenr elkem foundry products division

Chunky graphite is a very common problem in heavy section ductile iron castings. Presence of chunky graphite seems to be more of a problem in ferritic,high Si and austenitic ductile *** has a significant impact on the mechanical properties and should be avoided or controlled if possible. The phenomenon of chunky graphite has been subject of several research projects all around the world,but it is still not fully understood. In this paper some of the theories will be presented along with examples describing the problem and possible ways of reducing the problem.

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Particuology 2024年第7期90卷 493-503页

作者： Victor Purnomo Marcelo Dal Belo Takehara Robin Faust Lidiya Abdisa Ejjeta Henrik Leion division of Energy and Materials Department of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringChalmers University of TechnologyGöteborg 41258Sweden division of Energy Science Department of Engineering Sciences and MathematicsLuleåUniversity of TechnologyLuleå97187Sweden

One of the crucial issues in the chemical looping technology lies in its bed material:the oxygen *** size analysis of an oxygen carrier is important since in a fluidized bed the material can only work well within a specific size *** the favorable size ranges for oxygen carrier materials have already been reported,none of the published studies has analyzed the particle size and shape of oxygen carriers in ***,the effect of oxygen carriers'oxidation degree on such properties has not been considered *** study aimed to report the particle size and shape analysis of five iron-based oxygen carriers,one natural ore,one synthetic material,and three residue products,at different oxidation degrees using dynamic image analysis(DIA).The oxygen carriers were prepared at different mass conversion degrees in a fluidized bed batch *** size distribution,sphericity,and aspect ratio of the oxygen carrier particles were examined experimentally using a Camsizer *** results show that the DIA method was successfully able to analyze the particle size and shape of our oxygen carriers with satisfying accuracy for *** oxidation state of the investigated materials seems to only affect the particle size and shape of oxygen carriers to a minor ***,exposures to redox cycles in a fluidized bed reactor may alter the particle size and shape of most oxygen carriers.

关键词： Oxygen carrier Size and shape analysis Dynamic image analysis Oxidation state Fluidized bed Chemical looping

Excipient effect on antimicrobial activity of Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zelylanicum album) oil, Thyme (Thymus vulgaris) oil and Ajowan (Trachyspermum ammi) oil

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Infectious Diseases Research 2024年第1期5卷 27-31页

作者： Bhoj R Singh Shiv Varan Singh Ravikant Agarwal Akanksha Yadav division of Epidemiology ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research InstituteBareilly 243122India division of Bacteriology and Mycology ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research InstituteBareilly 243122India division of Livestock products Technology ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research InstituteBareilly 243122India.

Background:Many herbal essential oils are potential antimicrobials but their pharmaceutical utility is restricted due to a lack of suitable excipients to mollify their dermatotoxicity and irritant property,and outcome of their therapeutic use may vary with different diluents ***:Effect of 16 diluents(dimethyl sulfoxide,liquid paraffin,glycerine,oils of mustard,sunflower,rice bran,palm,groundnut,olive,coconut,sesame,avocado,jojoba,castor,linseed and soybean)was assessed on antimicrobial activity of 2%cinnamon(Cinnamomum zelylanicum album),thyme(Thymus vulgaris)and ajowan(Trachyspermum ammi)oils using agar well diffusion *** effect of excipients was evaluated on six Candida albicans,five Escherichia coli,four Acinetobacter lwoffii,two strains each of Staphylococcus aureus,Enterobacter agglomerans,and Enterococcus faecium and one strain each of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus,Escherichia fergusonii,Klebsiella oxytoca,*** ***,Leclercia adecarboxylata,Paenibacillus amylolyticus,Proteus mirabilis,***,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Raoultella terrigena,Staphylococcus capitis ***,***,***,*** and Streptococcus ***:Thyme oil(2%)maintained it antimicrobial activity on dilution in dimethyl sulfoxide and glycerine,and ajowan oil(2%)completely lost its antibacterial activity in all diluents except dimethyl ***,cinnamon oil partially lost its antimicrobial activity upon dilution in glycerine,vegetable,and mineral oils in comparison to dimethyl *** oil was the best vegetable oil,almost comparable to dimethyl sulfoxide and castor oil was the worst diluent for maintaining antimicrobial activity of cinnamon ***:The study indicated the non-suitability of vegetable oils for pharmaceutical formulations of essential oils except olive oil for dilution of cinnamon oil and glycerol for thyme oil to replace dimethyl sulfoxide as diluent.

关键词： essential oils herbal antimicrobials herbal drug-resistance Bacteria Candida

An integrated transcriptome and proteomic investigation of the stress responses of VBNC state Salmonella Enteritidis triggered by sodium hypochlorite

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Wen Wang Wensi Wang Zhengkai Yi Jiele Ma Wenfu Hou Yingping Xiao Hua Yang Hongxun Wang Xingning Xiao State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products， MOA Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Hangzhou)， Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition， Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences College of Food Science and Engineering， Wuhan Polytechnic University

Viable but non-culturable （VBNC） bacteria after chlorination disinfection pose a considerable threat to the public health and environment. The current work aimed to uncover the stress adaptation mechanisms of VBNC S. Enteritidis to sodium hypochlorite. In this study， we investigated the morphology， gene expressions and proteomic profile in VBNC S. Enteritidis. It demonstrated that 109cells mL-1of bacteria could transition into the VBNC state after exposure to 50 mg L-1chlorine for 2.5 h. The VBNC state cells exhibited cellular membrane impairment， decreased size， and intracellular ATP depletion compared to the culturable cells. In the VBNC state cells， there was a significant increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species （ROS） levels and NAD+/NADH ratios. This observation suggested an imbalance in the intracellular redox status of the VBNC bacteria. Transcriptome and proteomic analysis revealed significant upregulation of the resistance-nodulation-division （RND） efflux systems （arcA， tolC， ramA）， oxidative stress response genes （soxR， trxA， grxB）， DNA repair genes （lexA， radA， mutH， mutL）， and virulence factor genes （sseA， sseL， eutS， and eutN）. Our findings indicated that it is important to formulate disinfection protocols that are specifically designed for food processing plants and healthcare facilities， focusing on implementing a more thorough disinfection method to effectively eradicate VBNC cells.

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Approach for C_(1)to C_(2)products commencing from carbon dioxide:A brief review

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Petroleum 2024年第3期10卷 373-398页

作者： G.R.Dey Radiation and Photochemistry division Bhabha Atomic Research CentreTrombayMumbai 400085India Homi Bhabha National Institute AnushaktinagarMumbai 400094India

The carbon dioxide(CO_(2))conversion to useable compounds remains a great contest to scientists,engineers,and environmentalists with regard to the reverse of the oxidative degradation of *** conversion is essential for the development of complementary fuels and raw materials for various industries,which in turn will help in avoiding the drastic increase in tropospheric temperature due to greenhouse effect leading to global *** solar energy is the earth's essential power source along with the other various forms of energy for example fossil fuels,hydropower,wind,and biomaterials,*** final goal is to establish the artificial photosynthesis,which can be replicated thru various chemical reduction techniques of CO_(2)by employing appropriate photo-,thermal-and electro-catalysts in order to produce different one carbon atom(C_(1))and higher carbon atoms containing ***,the utilization of clean and sustainable CO_(2)towards high-value products is of great interest today due to the recognized environmental worries and subsequent lessening of the fossil fuels utilization load to meet the energy demand of *** way,solar energy can directly and/or indirectly be altered and stored in chemical energy form for industrial as well as societal *** this article our endeavor is to summarize the advances in CO_(2)chemical reduction research area till date especially in free radical-based methods such as electrochemical,photochemical and plasma chemical for the development of carbon species up to two carbon(C_(2))atoms containing products perceived in the chemical reduction of CO_(2).The author hopes that this piece of work will be helpful to researchers and readers who are focused on the field of CO_(2).

关键词： Photocatalysis Electrocatalysis Plasmolysis Thermolysis Carbon dioxide Chemical reduction

Time-first approach for land cover mapping using big Earth observation data time-series in a data cube-a case study from the Lake Geneva region(Switzerland)

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Big Earth Data 2024年第3期8卷 435-466页

作者： Gregory Giuliani Institute for Environmental Sciences EnviroSPACE labUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland United Nations Environment Programme Division of Early Warning and AssessmentGenevaSwitzerland

Accurate,consistent,and high-resolution Land Use&Cover(LUC)information is fundamental for effectively monitoring landscape dynamics and better apprehending drivers,pressures,state,and impacts on land ***,the availability of such national products with high thematic accuracy is still limited and consequently researchers and policymakers are constrained to work with data that do not necessarily reflect on-the-ground realities impending to correctly capture details of landscape features as well as limiting the identification and quantification of drivers and rate of ***,we took advantage of the Switzerland’s official LUC statistical sampling survey and dense time-series of Sentinel-2 data,combining them with Machine and Deep Learning methods to produce an accurate and high spatial resolution land cover map over the Lake Geneva *** suggest that time-first approach is a valuable alternative to space-first approaches,accounting for the intra-annual variability of classes,hence improving classification *** demonstrate that Deep Learning methods outperform more traditional Machine Learning ones such as Random Forest,providing more accurate predictions with lower *** produced land cover map has a high accuracy,an improved spatial resolution,while at the same time preserving the statistical significance(*** proportion)of the official national *** work paves the way towards the objective to produce a yearly high resolution land cover map of Switzerland and potentially implement a continuous land change monitoring *** further work is required to properly address challenges such as the need for increased temporal resolution for LUC information or the quality of training samples.

关键词： Land cover Sentinel-2 timeseries SITS Arealstatistik

Variability in physical properties of plantation-grown progenies of Melia composita and determination of a kiln-drying schedule

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Journal of Forestry Research 2018年第5期29卷 1435-1442页

作者： Shailendra Kumar Bhushan U.Kelkar Ajit K.Mishra Susanta K.Jena Forest products division Forest Research Institute

Plantation-grown progenies of Melia composita *** studied for variability in several physical properties： density,radial and tangential shrinkage,longitudinal permeability of heartwood and ***,flat-sawn planks from each of the progeny were subjected to a quick-drying test for determination of kilndrying *** mean density of the species was 0.39 g cm^（-3） and the wood may be categorized as light *** radial shrinkage（%） for the species was 2.8% with progeny-wise variation in radial shrinkage from 1.56 to 4.11%.Mean tangential shrinkage（%） for the species was 5.54% with progeny-wise variation in tangential shrinkage from 3.69 to 7.71%.The resultant tangentialradial shrinkage ratio was 1.98（less than two）,which suggests that the wood is relatively stable with respect to drying *** sapwood and heartwood longitudinal permeability of the species were 3.38 and 2.02 Darcy,*** longitudinal permeability of sapwood and heartwood indicate better drying and preservative properties of the *** quick-drying test method suggests that the species is less susceptible to drying *** the test,only moderate checks and cracks were observed.A tentative kiln-drying schedule was recommended based on these results.

关键词： Melia composita Willd. Density Radial and tangential shrinkage Longitudinal permeability Quickdrying test Kiln-drying schedule

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