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Multisensory mechanisms of gait and balance in Parkinson’s disease:an integrative review

Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 82-92页

作者： Stiven Roytman Rebecca Paalanen Giulia Carli Uros Marusic Prabesh Kanel Teus van Laar Nico I.Bohnen department of Radiology University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA department of neurology University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Morris K.Udall Center of Excellence for Parkinson’s Disease Research University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Institute for Kinesiology Research Science and Research Centre KoperKoperSlovenia department of Health Sciences Alma Mater Europaea–ECMMariborSlovenia Parkinson’s Foundation Research Center of Excellence University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA department of neurology University of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands neurology Service and GRECC VA Ann Arbor Healthcare SystemAnn ArborMIUSA

Understanding the neural underpinning of human gait and balance is one of the most pertinent challenges for 21st-century translational neuroscience due to the profound impact that falls and mobility disturbances have on our aging population.Posture and gait control does not happen automatically,as previously believed,but rather requires continuous involvement of central nervous mechanisms.To effectively exert control over the body,the brain must integrate multiple streams of sensory information,including visual,vestibular,and somatosensory signals.The mechanisms which underpin the integration of these multisensory signals are the principal topic of the present work.Existing multisensory integration theories focus on how failure of cognitive processes thought to be involved in multisensory integration leads to falls in older adults.Insufficient emphasis,however,has been placed on specific contributions of individual sensory modalities to multisensory integration processes and cross-modal interactions that occur between the sensory modalities in relation to gait and balance.In the present work,we review the contributions of somatosensory,visual,and vestibular modalities,along with their multisensory intersections to gait and balance in older adults and patients with Parkinson’s disease.We also review evidence of vestibular contributions to multisensory temporal binding windows,previously shown to be highly pertinent to fall risk in older adults.Lastly,we relate multisensory vestibular mechanisms to potential neural substrates,both at the level of neurobiology(concerning positron emission tomography imaging)and at the level of electrophysiology(concerning electroencephalography).We hope that this integrative review,drawing influence across multiple subdisciplines of neuroscience,paves the way for novel research directions and therapeutic neuromodulatory approaches,to improve the lives of older adults and patients with neurodegenerative diseases.

关键词： aging balance encephalography functional magnetic resonance imaging gait multisensory integration Parkinson’s disease positron emission tomography somatosensory vestibular visual

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Early identification of stroke through deep learning with multi-modal human speech and movement data

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 234-241页

作者： Zijun Ou Haitao Wang Bin Zhang Haobang Liang Bei Hu Longlong Ren Yanjuan Liu Yuhu Zhang Chengbo Dai Hejun Wu Weifeng Li Xin Li School of Computer Science and Engineering Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina department of neurology Guangdong Neuroscience InstituteGuangdong Provincial People’s Hospital(Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences)Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina department of Emergency Medicine Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital(Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences)Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina

Early identification and treatment of stroke can greatly improve patient outcomes and quality of life.Although clinical tests such as the Cincinnati Pre-hospital Stroke Scale(CPSS)and the Face Arm Speech Test(FAST)are commonly used for stroke screening,accurate administration is dependent on specialized training.In this study,we proposed a novel multimodal deep learning approach,based on the FAST,for assessing suspected stroke patients exhibiting symptoms such as limb weakness,facial paresis,and speech disorders in acute settings.We collected a dataset comprising videos and audio recordings of emergency room patients performing designated limb movements,facial expressions,and speech tests based on the FAST.We compared the constructed deep learning model,which was designed to process multi-modal datasets,with six prior models that achieved good action classification performance,including the I3D,SlowFast,X3D,TPN,TimeSformer,and MViT.We found that the findings of our deep learning model had a higher clinical value compared with the other approaches.Moreover,the multi-modal model outperformed its single-module variants,highlighting the benefit of utilizing multiple types of patient data,such as action videos and speech audio.These results indicate that a multi-modal deep learning model combined with the FAST could greatly improve the accuracy and sensitivity of early stroke identification of stroke,thus providing a practical and powerful tool for assessing stroke patients in an emergency clinical setting.

关键词： artificial intelligence deep learning diagnosis early detection FAST screening stroke

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A Self-Healing Optoacoustic Patch with High Damage Threshold and Conversion Efficiency for Biomedical Applications

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第7期16卷 31-45页

作者： Tao Zhang Cheng-Hui Li Wenbo Li Zhen Wang Zhongya Gu Jiapu Li Junru Yuan Jun Ou-Yang Xiaofei Yang Benpeng Zhu School of Integrated Circuit Wuhan National Laboratory for OptoelectronicsHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093People’s Republic of China National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research(NIDCR) National Institutes of Health(NIH)35A Convent DriveBethesdaMD 20892USA department of neurology Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030People’s Republic of China

Compared with traditional piezoelectric ultrasonic devices,optoacoustic devices have unique advantages such as a simple preparation process,anti-electromagnetic interference,and wireless long-distance power supply.However,current optoacoustic devices remain limited due to a low damage threshold and energy conversion efficiency,which seriously hinder their widespread applications.In this study,using a self-healing polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS,Fe-Hpdca-PDMS)and carbon nanotube composite,a flexible optoacoustic patch is developed,which possesses the self-healing capability at room temperature,and can even recover from damage induced by cutting or laser irradiation.Moreover,this patch can generate high-intensity ultrasound(>25 MPa)without the focusing structure.The laser damage threshold is greater than 183.44 mJ cm^(-2),and the optoacoustic energy conversion efficiency reaches a major achievement at 10.66×10^(-3),compared with other carbon-based nanomaterials and PDMS composites.This patch is also been successfully examined in the application of acoustic flow,thrombolysis,and wireless energy harvesting.All findings in this study provides new insight into designing and fabricating of novel ultrasound devices for biomedical applications.

关键词： Optoacoustic Self-healing PDMS Acoustic flow Thrombolytic Wireless energy harvesting

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Factors influencing the surveillance of re-emerging intracranial infections in elective neurosurgical patients:A single-center retrospective study

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世界临床病例杂志 2023年第28期11卷 6680-6687页

作者： Jiang-Long Wang Xi-Wen Wu Sheng-Nan Wang Xuan Liu Bing Xiao Yu Wang Jing Yu The First Operating room The First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130000Jilin ProvinceChina department of neurology The First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130000Jilin ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND At present,many studies have reported the risk factors for postoperative intracranial reinfection,including age,sex,time to surgery,duration of postoperative catheterization,emergency procedures,type of disease and cerebrospinal fluid leakage,but the academic community has not reached a unified conclusion.AIM To find factors influencing the surveillance of re-emerging intracranial infections in elective neurosurgical patients.METHODS Ninety-four patients who underwent elective craniotomy from January 1,2015 to December 31,2022 in the department of Neurosurgery,First Hospital of Jilin University,were included in this study.Of those,45 patients were enrolled in the infection group,and 49 were enrolled in the control group.The clinical data of the patients were collected and divided into three categories,including preoperative baseline conditions,intraoperative characteristics and postoperative infection prevention.The data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 software.RESULTS There were 23 males and 22 females in the infection group with a mean age of 52.8±15.1 years and 17 males and 32 females in the control group with a mean age of 48.9±15.2 years.The univariate analysis showed that the infection group had higher systolic blood pressures and postoperative temperatures,fewer patients who underwent a supratentorial craniotomy,more patients with a history of hypertension and higher initial postoperative white blood cell counts than the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The multifactorial logistic regression analysis showed that a history of hypertension and a high postoperative body temperature were independent risk factors for postoperative infection in neurosurgical patients.CONCLUSION The results obtained in this study indicated that a history of hypertension and a high postoperative body temperature were independent risk factors for postoperative neurological symptoms.

关键词： Re-emerging infections Risk factors Neurosurgery Elective surgery Intracranial infections

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Therapeutic effects and safety of olcegepant and telcagepant for migraine A meta-analysis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2013年第10期8卷 938-947页

作者： Gang Yao Tingmin Yu Ximei Han Xijing Mao Bo Li department of neurology Second HospitalJilin University department of neurology First HospitalJilin University department of neurology Chifeng Municipal Hospital Research room of Epidemiology and Health Statistics School of Public HealthJilin University

OBJECTIVE： To evaluate the therapeutic effects and adverse reactions of olcegepant and telcagepant for the treatment of migraine. DATA RETRIEVAL： We identified studies using Medline （1966-01/2012-06）, PubMed （1966-01/2012-06）, Scopus （1980-01/2012-06）, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials （1980-01/2012-06） and China National Knowledge Infrastructure （1980-01/2012-06）. SELECTION CRITERIA： The included studies were double-blind, randomized and placebo-controlled trials of olcegepant or telcagepant for the treatment of single acute migraine in patients with or without aura. Adverse reaction data were also included. Two independent investigators performed quality evaluation and data extraction using Jadad scoring. Meta-analyses were undertaken using RevMan 5.0.25 software. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Pain relief rate, pain-free rate, and incidence of adverse reactions were measured in patients 2 and 24 hours after injection of olcegepant and oral teicagepant. RESULTS： Six randomized, controlled trials were included. Meta-analysis demonstrated that compared with placebo, the pain relief rate （odds ratio, OR = 5.21, 95% confidence interval, CI： 1.91-14.2, P 〈 0.01） and pain-free rate （OR = 31.11, 95% Ch 3.80-254.98, P 〈 0.01） significantly increased 2 hours after 2.5 mg/d olcegepant treatment. Pain relief rate and pain-free rate 2 and 24 hours after treatment with telcagepant 150 mg/d and 300 mg/d were superior to placebo （P 〈 0.01）. Moreover, the remission rate of unrelenting headache was higher after 24 hours of 300 mg/d telcagepant treatment compared with 150 mg/d （OR = 0.78, 95% Ch 0.62-0.97, P 〈 0.05）. The incidence of adverse reactions with olcegepant was not significantly greater than placebo （P = 0.28） but within 48 hours of administration of telcagepant 300 mg/d, the incidence of adverse reactions was higher than placebo （OR = 1.21,95% Ch 1.04-1.42, P 〈 0.01）. Few studies have compared the therapeutic effects of olcegepant and telcagepant. CONCLUSION： The calcitonin-gene-related peptide receptor antagonis

关键词： neural regeneration evidence-based medicine migraine telcagepant MK-0974 olcegepant BIBN4096 treatment meta-analysis neuroregeneration

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Combined Effects of Electroacupuncture and Behavioral Training on Learning-Memory Ability and Event-Related Potential P300 in Rats with Mid/Advanced Cerebral Infarction

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Chinese Medical Journal 2018年第18期131卷 2172-2178页

作者： Qian Yu Xiao-Hong Li Wei Jiang Ya-Mei Li Xiao-Dong Duan Wei Wei Jing Fu Lin Huang department of Rehabilitation Medicine Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital Chengdu Sichuan 610072 China department of neurology The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University Luzhou Sichuan 646000 China department of Rehabilitation Medicine The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University Luzhou Sichuan 646000 China electrophysiology room of department of neurology The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University Luzhou Sichuan 646000 China

Background： The effectiveness of the combination of electroacupuncture （EA） and behavioral training （BT） for mid/advanced cerebral infarction （M/ACI） and related mechanisms remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the combined effects on the learning-memory ability and event-related potential P300 in rats with M/ACI. Methods： Eighty rats with M/ACI were divided into Group Model （M）, Group EA, Group BT, and Group EA-BT （n = 20） according to the random number with five healthy rats in Group Control （CON）. On the 6th week after modeling, EA, BT, and EA-BT were given to Group EA, Group BT, and Group EA-BT, respectively, whereas Group M and Group CON were not given any intervention. Y-maze test and P300 were recorded before and after the intervention. Results： After intervention, the P300 latency was lower and the amplitude was higher in the Group EA-BT, Group EA, and Group BT than before （for latency, t = -7.638, -4.334, and -5.916; for amplitude, t = 8.125, 3.846, and 5.238; P 〈 0.01 ）, with Group EA-BT superior to Group EA （for latency, t = -3.708; for amplitude, t = 3.653; P 〈 0.01） and Group BT （for latency, t = -2.067; for amplitude, t = 2.816; P 〈 0.05）, with no significant difference between Group BT and EA （for latency, t = -1.439; for amplitude, t = 1.075; P 〉 0.05）. While the performances of Y-maze tests in the Group EA-BT, Group EA, and Group BT were all better than before （t = 10.359, 4.520, and 7.791, P 〈 0.01）, with Group EA-BT better than Group EA （t = 5.627, P 〈 0.01 ） and Group BT （t = 2.913, P 〈 0.01 ） respectively, and Group BT better than Group EA （t = 2.912, P 〈 0.01）. Conclusion： EA or BT can affect P300 in rats with M/ACI, and the combination of these two methods can significantly improve the learning-memory ability.

关键词： Cerebral Infarction Electroacupuncture Event-Related Potentials Exercise Therapy P300 Rats

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Compensatory recombination phenomena of neurological functions in central dysphagia patients

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第3期10卷 490-497页

作者： Xiao-dong Yuan Li-fu Zhou Shu-juan Wang Yan-sheng Zhao Xiao-jie Wang Li-li Zhang Shou-hong Wang Ya-jie Zhang Li Chen department of neurology Affiliated Kailuan General Hospital of Hebei United University department of MRI room Affiliated Kailuan General Hospital of Hebei United University

We speculate that cortical reactions evoked by swallowing activity may be abnormal in patients with central infarction with dysphagia. The present study aimed to detect functional imaging features of cerebral cortex in central dysphagia patients by using blood oxygen level-depen- dent functional magnetic resonance imaging techniques. The results showed that when normal controls swallowed, primary motor cortex （BA4）, insula （BA13）, premotor cortex （BA6/8）, supramarginal gyrus （BA40）, and anterior cingulate cortex （BA24/32） were activated, and that the size of the activated areas were larger in the left hemisphere compared with the right. In re- current cerebral infarction patients with central dysphagia, BA4, BA13, BA40 aild BA6/8 areas were activated, while the degree of activation in BA24/32 was decreased. Additionally, more areas were activated, including posterior cingulate cortex （BA23/31）, visual association cortex （BA18/19）, primary auditory cortex （BA41） and parahippocampal cortex （BA36）. Somatosen- sory association cortex （BA7） and left cerebellum in patients with recurrent cerebral infarction with central dysphagia were also activated. Experimental findings suggest that the cerebral cortex has obvious hemisphere lateralization in response to swallowing, and patients with recurrent cerebral infarction with central dysphagia show compensatory recombination phenomena of neurological functions. In rehabilitative treatment, using the favorite food of patients can stimu- late swallowing through visual, auditory, and other nerve conduction pathways, thus promoting compensatory recombination of the central cortex functions.

关键词： nerve regeneration blood oxygen level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imag-ing cerebral ischemia dysphagia function restructuring cerebral cortex neural regeneration

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Expression of cyclin-dependent protein kinase 5 in the hippocampus of vascular dementia mice after cerebral ischemia and reperfusion

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Neural Regeneration Research 2009年第5期4卷 377-382页

作者： Tianjun Wang Peiyuan Lu Hezhen Zhang Hebo Wang Wei Jin Zongcheng Guo Changlin Liu Staff room of neurology Hebei Medical University Department of Neurology Hebei Provincial People's Hospital Shijiazhuang 050051Hebei Province China

BACKGROUND： The p25-activated cyclin-dependent protein kinase 5 （Cdk5） may induce neuronal cell death and cause the development of dementia following cerebral ischemia and reperfusion. OBJECTIVE： To observe changes in the expression of Cdk5 and p25 in hippocampal tissue of vascular dementia mice at different time points following cerebral ischemia and reperfusion. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A randomized, controlled animal experiment was performed in the clinical trial center of Hebei Provincial People＇s Hospital between September 2007 and October 2008. MATERIALS： Cdk5 rabbit anti-mouse polyclonal antibody, p35 rabbit anti-mouse polyclonal antibody, and β-actin mouse monoclonal antibody were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc., USA; horseradish peroxidase-labeled goat anti-rabbit IgG and horseradish peroxidase-labeled goat anti-mice IgG were offered by Beijing Zhongshan Geldenbridye Biotechnology Co.,Ltd., China; the protein quantitative kit was produced by Applygen Gene Technology Corp., Beijing, China; cDNA reverse transcription and PCR amplification reagents were products of TianGen＆ Biotech （Beijing） Co.,Ltd., China. METHODS： One hundred and sixty male Kunming mice were randomly divided into two groups： a sham-operated group （n = 65） and a model group （n = 95）. Vascular dementia was induced with three periods of transient ischemia and reperfusion of the bilateral common carotid arteries. In the sham-operated group, the bilateral common carotid arteries were not blocked. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Behavioral tests were done at four and six weeks post surgery. Pathological changes in the hippocampal CA1 region were observed with hematoxylin-eosin staining Cdk5 mRNA expression was examined by RT-PCR, and Western blots were used to evaluate Cdk5 and p25 expression. Learning and memory performance were assayed using the Morris water maze. RESULTS： Vascular dementia reduced learning and memory performance at 4 and 6 weeks post surgery. Vascular dementia also caused severe, time-dependent neuronal damage and dea

关键词： cerebral ischemia and reperfusion vascular dementia cyclin-dependent protein kinase 5 p25

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Percutaneous management of atrium and lung perforation: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2019年第24期7卷 4327-4333页

作者： Xu Zhou Feng Ze Ding Li Xue-Bin Li department of Cardiac electrophysiology Peking University People’s Hospital

BACKGROUND Cardiac perforation by a transvenous lead is an uncommon but serious complication. Delayed perforation, defined as migration and perforation of an implanted lead at least 1 mo after implantation, is exceedingly rare and prone to underdiagnosis, and its optimal management is currently unclear. We report an uneventful transvenous extraction of an active fixation lead that led to delayed perforation of the right atrium, pericardium, and lung, disclosed 2 mo after implantation.CASE SUMMARY A 61-year-old woman with atrial lead perforation was transferred to our center.She had a dual-chamber pacemaker with active fixation leads implanted 8 mo previously. At 2 mo after implantation, she complained of chest pain and hemoptysis. Chest computed tomography revealed atrial lead migration into the lung. No pericardial or pleural effusion was detected. She underwent transvenous lead extraction in the electrophysiology room with surgical backup.The percutaneous subxiphoid pericardial puncture was performed first, and a pigtail catheter was left in the pericardial sac throughout the procedure. Then, a new active fixation lead was implanted at a different site with less tension. After the active screw was retracted, the culprit atrial lead was explanted successfully with simple traction. There were no complications during or after the procedure.The patient recovered well and follow-up was uneventful.CONCLUSION Percutaneous management of perforated active fixation lead outside the pericardial sac under surgical backup is safe and effective.

关键词： Lead perforation Transvenous lead extraction Percutaneous subxiphoid pericardial puncture Pacemaker lead Active fixation Case report

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Neuronal nitric oxide synthase/reactive oxygen species pathway is involved in apoptosis and pyroptosis in epilepsy

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第6期18卷 1277-1285页

作者： Xiao-Xue Xu Rui-Xue Shi Yu Fu Jia-Lu Wang Xin Tong Shi-Qi Zhang Na Wang Mei-Xuan Li Yu Tong Wei Wang Miao He Bing-Yang Liu Gui-Lan Chen Feng Guo department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology School of Pharmaceutical ScienceChina Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoning ProvinceChina department of neurology the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoning ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Medical electrophysiology Ministry of Education&Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceInstitute of Cardiovascular ResearchSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuan ProvinceChina department of Endocrinology and Metabolism the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoning ProvinceChina department of Endocrinology Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoning ProvinceChina

Dysfunction of neuronal nitric oxide synthase contributes to neurotoxicity,which triggers cell death in various neuropathological diseases,including epilepsy.Studies have shown that inhibition of neuronal nitric oxide synthase activity increases the epilepsy threshold,that is,has an anticonvulsant effect.However,the exact role and potential mechanism of neuronal nitric oxide synthase in seizures are still unclear.In this study,we performed RNA sequencing,functional enrichment analysis,and weighted gene coexpression network analysis of the hippocampus of tremor rats,a rat model of genetic epilepsy.We found damaged hippocampal mitochondria and abnormal succinate dehydrogenase level and Na+-K+-ATPase activity.In addition,we used a pilocarpine-induced N2a cell model to mimic epileptic injury.After application of neuronal nitric oxide synthase inhibitor 7-nitroindazole,changes in malondialdehyde,lactate dehydrogenase and superoxide dismutase,which are associated with oxidative stress,were reversed,and the increase in reactive oxygen species level was reversed by 7-nitroindazole or reactive oxygen species inhibitor N-acetylcysteine.Application of 7-nitroindazole or N-acetylcysteine downregulated the expression of caspase-3 and cytochrome c and reversed the apoptosis of epileptic cells.Furthermore,7-nitroindazole or N-acetylcysteine downregulated the abnormally high expression of NLRP3,gasdermin-D,interleukin-1βand interleukin-18.This indicated that 7-nitroindazole and N-acetylcysteine each reversed epileptic cell death.Taken together,our findings suggest that the neuronal nitric oxide synthase/reactive oxygen species pathway is involved in pyroptosis of epileptic cells,and inhibiting neuronal nitric oxide synthase activity or its induced oxidative stress may play a neuroprotective role in epilepsy.

关键词： apoptosis bioinformatics analysis cell death epilepsy nitric oxide synthase oxidative stress pyroptosis RNA sequencing Tremor rat weighted gene co-expression network analysis

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