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An Optimization Model for Reliability Improvement and Cost Reduction Through EV Smart Charging

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第2期12卷 608-620页

作者： Jinping Zhao Ali Arefi Alberto Borghetti Gerard Ledwich School of engineering and Energy Murdoch UniversityPerthAustralia department of Electrical Electronicand Information EngineeringUniversity of BolognaBologna40126Italy School of Electrical engineering and Robotics Queensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLD 4000Australia

There is a general concern that the increasing penetration of electric vehicles(EVs)will result in higher aging failure probability of equipment and reduced network *** electricity costs may also increase,due to the exacerbation of peak load led by uncontrolled EV *** paper proposes a linear optimization model for the assessment of the benefits of EV smart charging on both network reliability improvement and electricity cost *** objective of the proposed model is the cost minimization,including the loss of load,repair costs due to aging failures,and EV charging *** proposed model incorporates a piecewise linear model representation for the failure probability distributions and utilizes a machine learning approach to represent the EV charging *** two different test systems(a 5-bus network and the IEEE 33-bus network),this paper compares aging failure probabilities,service unavailability,expected energy not supplied,and total costs in various scenarios with and without the implementation of EV smart charging.

关键词： Aging failure electric vehicle(EV) EV charging power system reliability expected energy not supplied distribution network.

Large circuit models: opportunities and challenges

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第10期67卷 25-66页

作者： Lei CHEN Yiqi CHEN Zhufei CHU Wenji FANG Tsung-Yi HO Ru HUANG Yu HUANG Sadaf KHAN Min LI Xingquan LI Yu LI Yun LIANG Jinwei LIU Yi LIU Yibo LIN Guojie LUO Hongyang PAN Zhengyuan SHI Guangyu SUN Dimitrios TSARAS Runsheng WANG Ziyi WANG Xinming WEI Zhiyao XIE Qiang XU Chenhao XUE Junchi YAN Jun YANG Bei YU Mingxuan YUAN Evangeline F.Y.YOUNG Xuan ZENG Haoyi ZHANG Zuodong ZHANG Yuxiang ZHAO Hui-Ling ZHEN Ziyang ZHENG Binwu ZHU Keren ZHU Sunan ZOU Huawei Noah’s Ark Lab School of Integrated Circuits Peking University Faculty of Electrical engineering and Computer Science Ningbo University department of electronic and Computer engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology department of Computer Science and engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong School of Integrated Circuits Southeast University Huawei HiSilicon Peng Cheng Laboratory School of Computer Science Peking University School of Microelectronics State Key Laboratory of Integrated Chips and System Fudan University School of Artificial Intelligence Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Within the electronic design automation(EDA) domain, artificial intelligence(AI)-driven solutions have emerged as formidable tools, yet they typically augment rather than redefine existing methodologies. These solutions often repurpose deep learning models from other domains, such as vision, text, and graph analytics, applying them to circuit design without tailoring to the unique complexities of electronic circuits. Such an “AI4EDA” approach falls short of achieving a holistic design synthesis and understanding,overlooking the intricate interplay of electrical, logical, and physical facets of circuit data. This study argues for a paradigm shift from AI4EDA towards AI-rooted EDA from the ground up, integrating AI at the core of the design process. Pivotal to this vision is the development of a multimodal circuit representation learning technique, poised to provide a comprehensive understanding by harmonizing and extracting insights from varied data sources, such as functional specifications, register-transfer level(RTL) designs, circuit netlists,and physical layouts. We champion the creation of large circuit models(LCMs) that are inherently multimodal, crafted to decode and express the rich semantics and structures of circuit data, thus fostering more resilient, efficient, and inventive design methodologies. Embracing this AI-rooted philosophy, we foresee a trajectory that transcends the current innovation plateau in EDA, igniting a profound “shift-left” in electronic design methodology. The envisioned advancements herald not just an evolution of existing EDA tools but a revolution, giving rise to novel instruments of design-tools that promise to radically enhance design productivity and inaugurate a new epoch where the optimization of circuit performance, power, and area(PPA) is achieved not incrementally, but through leaps that redefine the benchmarks of electronic systems' capabilities.

关键词： AI-rooted EDA large circuit models (LCMs) multimodal circuit representation learning circuit optimization

More Than Lightening:A Self-Supervised Low-Light Image Enhancement Method Capable for Multiple Degradations

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第3期11卷 622-637页

作者： Han Xu Jiayi Ma Yixuan Yuan Hao Zhang Xin Tian Xiaojie Guo the electronic Information School Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China IEEE the department of electronic engineering Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China the College of Intelligence and Computing Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China

Low-light images suffer from low quality due to poor lighting conditions,noise pollution,and improper settings of *** enhance low-light images,most existing methods rely on normal-light images for guidance but the collection of suitable normal-light images is *** contrast,a self-supervised method breaks free from the reliance on normal-light data,resulting in more convenience and better *** self-supervised methods primarily focus on illumination adjustment and design pixel-based adjustment methods,resulting in remnants of other degradations,uneven brightness and *** response,this paper proposes a self-supervised enhancement method,termed as *** can handle multiple degradations including illumination attenuation,noise pollution,and color shift,all in a self-supervised *** attenuation is estimated based on physical principles and local neighborhood *** removal and correction of noise and color shift removal are solely realized with noisy images and images with color ***,the comprehensive and fully self-supervised approach can achieve better adaptability and *** is applicable to various low light conditions,and can reproduce the original color of scenes in natural *** experiments conducted on four public datasets demonstrate the superiority of SLIE to thirteen state-of-the-art *** code is available at https://***/hanna-xu/SLIE.

关键词： Color correction low-light image enhancement self-supervised learning.

Flight Time Minimization of UAV for Cooperative Data Collection in Probabilistic LoS Channel

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China Communications 2024年第2期21卷 210-226页

作者： Yan Li Shaoyi Xu Yunpu Wu Dongji Li School of electronic and Information engineering Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China School of Electrical engineering and electronic Information Xihua UniversityChengdu 610039China

This paper investigates the data collection in an unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)-aided Internet of Things(IoT) network, where a UAV is dispatched to collect data from ground sensors in a practical and accurate probabilistic line-of-sight(LoS) channel. Especially, access points(APs) are introduced to collect data from some sensors in the unlicensed band to improve data collection efficiency. We formulate a mixed-integer non-convex optimization problem to minimize the UAV flight time by jointly designing the UAV 3D trajectory and sensors’ scheduling, while ensuring the required amount of data can be collected under the limited UAV energy. To solve this nonconvex problem, we recast the objective problem into a tractable form. Then, the problem is further divided into several sub-problems to solve iteratively, and the successive convex approximation(SCA) scheme is applied to solve each non-convex subproblem. Finally,the bisection search is adopted to speed up the searching for the minimum UAV flight time. Simulation results verify that the UAV flight time can be shortened by the proposed method effectively.

关键词： data collection flight time probabilistic line-of-sight channel unlicensed band unmanned aerial vehicle

Bio-cementation for tidal erosion resistance improvement of foreshore slopes based on microbially induced magnesium and calcium precipitation

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical engineering 2024年第5期16卷 1696-1708页

作者： Xiaohao Sun Junjie Wang Hengxing Wang Linchang Miao Ziming Cao Linyu Wu Institute of Geotechnical engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing211189China School of Civil engineering and Architecture Wuhan Polytechnic UniversityWuhan430070China

In most coastal and estuarine areas,tides easily cause surface erosion and even slope failure,resulting in severe land losses,deterioration of coastal infrastructure,and increased *** bio-cementation technique has been previously demonstrated to effectively improve the erosion resistance of *** contains magnesium ions(Mg^(2+))with a higher concentration than calcium ions(Ca^(2+));therefore,Mg^(2+)and Ca^(2+)were used together for bio-cementation in this study at various Mg^(2+)/Ca^(2+)ratios as the microbially induced magnesium and calcium precipitation(MIMCP)*** angles,surface strengths,precipitation contents,major phases,and microscopic characteristics of precipitation were used to evaluate the treatment *** showed that the MIMCP treatment markedly enhanced the erosion resistance of *** Mg^(2+)/Ca^(2+)ratios resulted in a smaller change in angles and fewer soil losses,especially the Mg^(2+)concentration below 0.2 *** decreased Mg^(2+)/Ca^(2+)ratio achieved increased precipitation contents,which contributed to better erosion resistance and higher surface ***,the production of aragonite would benefit from elevated Mg^(2+)concentrations and a higher Ca^(2+)concentration led to more nesquehonite in magnesium precipitation *** slopes with an initial angle of 53°had worse erosion resistance than the slopes with an initial angle of 35°,but the Mg^(2+)/Ca^(2+)ratios of 0.2:0.8,0.1:0.9,and 0:1.0 were effective for both slope stabilization and erosion mitigation to a great *** results are of great significance for the application of MIMCP to improve erosion resistance of foreshore slopes and the MIMCP technique has promising application potential in marine engineering.

关键词： Bio-cementation Erosion resistance Foreshore slope stabilization Magnesium ions Calcium ions

Optimal Offering of Energy Storage in UK Day-Ahead Energy and Frequency Response Markets

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第2期12卷 415-426页

作者： Makedon Karasavvidis Andreas Stratis Dimitrios Papadaskalopoulos Goran Strbac department of Electrical and electronic engineering Imperial College LondonLondonUK Statkraft UK Ltd. LondonUK department of Electrical and Computer engineering University of PatrasPatrasGreece IEEE

The offering strategy of energy storage in energy and frequency response(FR) markets needs to account for country-specific market regulations around FR products as well as FR utilization factors, which are highly uncertain. To this end, a novel optimal offering model is proposed for stand-alone price-taking storage participants, which accounts for recent FR market design developments in the UK, namely the trade of FR products in time blocks, and the mutual exclusivity among the multiple FR products. The model consists of a day-ahead stage, devising optimal offers under uncertainty, and a real-time stage, representing the storage operation after uncertainty is materialized. Furthermore, a concrete methodological framework is developed for comparing different approaches around the anticipation of uncertain FR utilization factors(deterministic one based on expected values, deterministic one based on worst-case values, stochastic one, and robust one), by providing four alternative formulations for the real-time stage of the proposed offering model, and carrying out an out-of-sample validation of the four model instances. Finally, case studies employing real data from UK energy and FR markets compare these four instances against achieved profits, FR delivery violations, and computational scalability.

关键词： Energy markets energy storage frequency response optimal offering robust optimization stochastic programming

Effective Capacity of URLLC over Parallel Fading Channels with Imperfect Channel State Information

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China Communications 2024年第5期21卷 45-63页

作者： Peng Hongsen Tao Meixia department of electronic engineering and the Cooperative Medianet Innovation Center Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

This paper investigates the effective capacity of a point-to-point ultra-reliable low latency communication(URLLC)transmission over multiple parallel sub-channels at finite blocklength(FBL)with imperfect channel state information(CSI).Based on reasonable assumptions and approximations,we derive the effective capacity as a function of the pilot length,decoding error probability,transmit power and the sub-channel *** we reveal significant impact of the above parameters on the effective capacity.A closed-form lower bound of the effective capacity is derived and an alternating optimization based algorithm is proposed to find the optimal pilot length and decoding error *** results validate our theoretical analysis and show that the closedform lower bound is very *** addition,through the simulations of the optimized effective capacity,insights for pilot length and decoding error probability optimization are provided to evaluate the optimal parameters in realistic systems.

关键词： effective capacity finite blocklength regime imperfect CSI parallel fading channels URLLC

Formal Modeling of Frame Selection in Asynchronous TSN Communications

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Chinese Journal of electronics 2024年第2期33卷 549-563页

作者： Ershuai LI Xuan ZHOU Jinjing SUN Huagang XIONG Feng HE School of electronic and Information engineering Beihang University

The asynchronous time-sensitive networking(TSN) based on IEEE 802.1Qcr is expected to be a promising solution for the asynchronous transmissions of safety-critical flows without the support of clock *** the asynchronous traffic shaping(ATS) mechanism is adopted to meet the deadline requirements for transmissions of safety-critical flow, it is necessary to formally verify the real-time properties and corresponding network ***, it is still unclear how to build an efficient formal model to evaluate different frame selection methods during the ATS scheduling process, which originate from the dominations of priority or eligibility time. In this paper, we present a formal modeling framework to compare the impacts of different frame selection on transmission sequence under the ATS mechanism. According to the priority level(p ATS) or eligibility time(e ATS) for flows, two transmission selection methods in ATS are modeled and compared. Then, we verify the real-time properties of ATS. The result shows that the shaping-for-free property can be satisfied with the p ATS method but can not be fulfilled with the e ATS method. Besides, the timing analysis results illustrate that the e ATS method can provide more fairness than the p ATS method for the transmission of low-priority flows in TSN networks.

关键词： System recovery Real-time systems Delays Synchronization

The Combined Effect of Spin-Transfer Torque and Voltage-Controlled Strain Gradient on Magnetic Domain-Wall Dynamics:Toward Tunable Spintronic Neuron

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Chinese Physics Letters 2024年第5期41卷 120-137页

作者：郁国良何鑫岩施胜宾邱阳朱明敏王嘉维李燕李元勋王杰周浩淼 College of Information engineering China Jiliang UniversityHangzhou 310018China The Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Wave Information Technology and Metrology of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou 310018China department of engineering Mechanics Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China School of electronic Science and engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China

Magnetic domain wall(DW), as one of the promising information carriers in spintronic devices, have been widely investigated owing to its nonlinear dynamics and tunable properties. Here, we theoretically and numerically demonstrate the DW dynamics driven by the synergistic interaction between current-induced spin-transfer torque(STT) and voltage-controlled strain gradient(VCSG) in multiferroic heterostructures. Through electromechanical and micromagnetic simulations, we show that a desirable strain gradient can be created and it further modulates the equilibrium position and velocity of the current-driven DW motion. Meanwhile, an analytical Thiele's model is developed to describe the steady motion of DW and the analytical results are quite consistent with the simulation data. Finally, we find that this combination effect can be leveraged to design DW-based biological neurons where the synergistic interaction between STT and VCSG-driven DW motion as integrating and leaking motivates mimicking leaky-integrate-and-fire(LIF) and self-reset function. Importantly, the firing response of the LIF neuron can be efficiently modulated, facilitating the exploration of tunable activation function generators, which can further help improve the computational capability of the neuromorphic system.

关键词： tunable synergistic integrating