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大功率部分端面抽运混合腔板条激光器

光学学报 2004年第4期24卷 491-494页

作者：石鹏李代军张恒利杜可明中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所上海201800 edge wave gmbh

在半导体抽运的全固态激光器中 ,激光晶体上的热畸变限制了激光器在大功率下输出时保持高光束质量的能力。板条结构的固体激光器具有优异的散热能力 ,再配合部分端面抽运以及稳非稳柱面混合腔的使用 ,使大功率高光束质量的激光输出成为... 详细信息

在半导体抽运的全固态激光器中 ,激光晶体上的热畸变限制了激光器在大功率下输出时保持高光束质量的能力。板条结构的固体激光器具有优异的散热能力 ,再配合部分端面抽运以及稳非稳柱面混合腔的使用 ,使大功率高光束质量的激光输出成为可能。在德国edgewavegmbh进行的对这一技术的合作研究中 ,利用不到10 0mm的腔长 ,在Nd∶YVO4板条激光器上获得了 110W近衍射极限的 1.0 6 μm连续激光输出 ,这时在非稳腔方向上的光束传播因子M2 为 1.3,在稳腔方向上为 1.5。通过对输出激光进行空间滤波切除腔镜造成的衍射旁瓣后 ,5 0W输出时M2 的典型值在非稳腔和稳腔方向上分别为 1.0 9和 1.2。

关键词：应用光学二极管抽运固体激光器板条激光器端面抽运光束质量钕掺杂钒酸钇晶体

Model Experiments on Melting of Alloys with Low Melting Temperature in a Medium with High Melting Temperature

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 1999年第2期6卷 1-9页

作者： Becker Jens-Ulrik Oeters Franz Thyssen-Krupp Stahl gmbh Technical University Berlin

Experiments of alloy melting were carried out in water/HCl H 2O eutectic model system. The eutectic has a solid liquid equilibrium temperature of -74 ℃. 5 cm diameter spheres of the eutectic in which three thermocouples in the core, on the edge and in the middle between them had been positioned were cooled to -196 ℃ in liquid nitrogen. After cooling the spheres were immersed into water of 10 ℃, and the changes of temperatures with time in the three thermocouples were measured. In some experiments the temperature on the outer side of the spheres where an ice shell grew up was also measured. In these experiments, the growing rate of the shell was additionally determined. The results for the first minute of the melting process, where the system can be considered as one dimensional, were described by an exact solution of Fouriers equation. The density of liquid ferromanganese at 1 500 ℃ was measured.

关键词： alloy melting model experiment

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Laser-based manufacturing concepts for efficient production of tailor welded sheet metals

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Advances in Manufacturing 2014年第3期2卷 193-202页

作者： Marius Sp?ttl Hardy Mohrbacher WISCO Lasertechnik gmbh RavensburgGermany NiobelCon bvba SchildeBelgium

Laser welding is an established manufacturing technology for a large variety of automotive applications due to its attractive properties such as low heat input, high precision and fast welding speed. Especially when welding high strength steels, which are dominantly used in today＇s car body construction, the low heat input by laser welding bears significant advantages with regard to the properties of the weld seam. The exploitation of the full application potential of laser welding in mass production requires an appropriate manufacturing concept and corresponding auxiliary technologies. The present paper demonstrates the integration of laser welding into the surrounding manu- facturing concepts by a modular setup with different levels of automation. This approach offers flexible solutions for individual needs thereby optimizing investment cost, labor cost and productivity. Recently available laser sources enable exceptionally high welding speed on thin gauged sheet metals but require efficient material handling con- cepts to utilize the full speed potential. Industrial concepts are presented offering efficient material handling and high process robustness for mass production welding.

关键词： Laser welding Tailored blanks Tailoredcoils Material handling Process robustness Laser beamsplitting Turbo-welding Weld edge conditioning

Parameter identification and blanking simulations of DP1000 and Al6082-T6 using Lemaitre damage model

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Advances in Manufacturing 2021年第3期9卷 457-472页

作者： Sheng Cai Lin Chen Department of Vehicle Engineering College of EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100083People’s Republic of China CW Bearing gmbh 22113HamburgGermany

This work provides numerical and experimental investigations of blanking process,where the shear-enhanced Lemaitre’s damage model is fully characterized and successfully applied in blanking process to predict the cutting force and cutting edge geometry under different blanking process *** high strength steel DP1000 and an aluminum alloy Al6082-T6 are selected for series of *** obtain the damage parameters in Lemaitre’s damage model the flat rectangular notched specimens tensile test was conducted and the inverse parameter identification procedure was *** characterizing the crack closure parameter h in the shear enhanced Lemaitre’s damage model,an in-plane torsion test with novel specimen design was *** finite element model(FEM)of this test was established with the minimum mesh size of 0.01 mm which was consistent with the minimum mesh size in the shear zone of the FEM for blanking process *** longitudinal strain distributions of four kinds of initial notch radius or central-hole specimen were measured and compared with simulation results to validate the FEMs for these four *** analysis of blanking of a circular work piece also was performed under three *** effects of blanking conditions on sheared part morphology were *** triaxiality distribution of the blank sheet was revealed taking advantage of the successfully established *** availability of the testing method and the determination method of the parameters was investigated.

关键词： Blanking Lemaitre damage model Stress triaxiality Finite element model(FEM)

Experimental and numerical investigations of the mechanical behavior of half sandwich laminate in the context of blanking

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Advances in Manufacturing 2020年第2期8卷 177-188页

作者： Sheng Cai Lin Chen Department of V ehicle Engineering College of EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083People's Republic of China CW Bearing gmbh Hamburg 22113Germany

In this study,the complex mechanical behavior of an aluminum/low-density polyethylene(LDPE)half sandwich structure was investigated during the blanking *** tests were conducted for the polymer and metal layer and the delamination behavior of the adhesive between the two layers.A new testing device was designed for detecting the delamination under tensile *** finite element models were established for the mechanical tests of the metal layer and the delamination of both layers for inverse parameter *** parameters for Lemaitre-type damage,Drucker-Prager,and cohesive zone modeIs were identified for the metal,polymer,and adhesive,respectively.A finiteelement(FE)model was established for the blanking process of the sandwich *** experimental forcedisplacement curves,obtained in the blanking process of the half sandwich sheet,were compared with the predicted results of the FE *** results showed that the predicted force-displacement curves and the experimental results were in good ***,the correlation between cutting clearance and changes in the forcedisplacement curves was *** feature values quantitatively described the imperfection of the experimental cutting *** effect of punch clearance on these values was studied numerically and *** results indicated that a smaller clearance generated a better cutting-edge *** stress state of the half sandwich structure during blanking was analyzed using the established FE model.

关键词： Sandwich plates Blanking Continuum damage mechanics(CDM) Drucker-Prager model Cohesive zone model

Argon-seeded plasma exposure and oxidation performance of tungsten-chromium-yttrium smart alloys

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Tungsten 2019年第2期1卷 159-168页

作者： Janina Schmitz Andrey M.Litnovsky Felix Klein Xiaoyue Tan Uwe Breuer Marcin Rasinski Stephan Ertmer Arkadi Kreter Jesus Gonzalez-Julian Martin Bram Jan Willem Coenen Christian Linsmeier Forschungszentrum Juelich gmbh Institut fuer Energie-und Klimaforschung52425 JuelichGermany Department of Applied Physics Ghent University9000 GhentBelgium School of Materials Science and Engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China Forschungszentrum Juelich gmbh Institut fuer Engineering und Analytik52425 JuelichGermany

Tungsten-chromium-yttrium(WCrY)smart alloys are foreseen as the first wall material for future fusion devices such as Demonstration Power Plant(DEMO).While suppressing W oxidation during accidental conditions,they should behave like pure W during plasma operation due to preferential sputtering of the lighter alloying elements Cr,Y,and W enrichment of the *** this paper,the erosion performance of WCrY and W samples simultaneously exposed to deuterium(D)plasma with the addition of 1%of the projectile ions being argon(Ar)ions at an ion energy of 120 eV is *** reference to the previous experiments at 120 eV in pure D plasma,the erosion for both WCrY and W is enhanced by a factor of~*** Ar to the D plasma suppresses significant W enrichment previously found for pure D *** investigate the impact of the plasma exposure onto the oxidation performance,plasma-exposed and non-exposed reference samples were oxidised in a dry *** show,on the one hand,that the oxida-tion suppression of WCrY in comparison to pure W is preserved during the plasma *** the other hand,it becomes evident that edge effects imposed by the geometry of the samples used in plasma experiments play a significant role for the oxidation behaviour.

关键词： Tungsten-based alloys Plasma-facing material Smart alloys DEMO

Thermophysical properties of the Ni-based alloy Nimonic 80A up to 2400 K

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Rare Metals 2006年第5期25卷 529-531页

作者： B.Wilthan R.Tanzer W.Schützenhfer G.Pottlacher Institute of Experimental Physics Graz University of TechnologyPetersgasse 168010 GrazAustria Bhler Edelstahl gmbh Mariazellerstrasse 258605 KapfenbergAustria

Nimonic 80A is a nickel-chromium alloy which is strengthened by additions of titanium and aluminium. The alloy is used for high temperature, high strength applications. Wire shaped Nimonic 80A samples are resistively volume heated as part of a fast capacitor discharge circuit. Time resolved measurements with sub-μs resolution of current through the specimen are performed with a Pearson probe, voltage drop across the specimen is measured with knife-edge contacts and ohmic voltage dividers and the radiance temperature of the sample with a pyrometer. These measurements allow to determine heat of fusion as well as heat capacity and electrical resistivity at initial geometry of Nimonic 80A as a function of temperature in the solid and in the liquid phase up to 2400 K.

关键词： thermophysical properties Nimonic 80A resistivity enthalpy heat capacity latent heat

Numerical estimate of multi-species ion sound speed of Langmuir probe interpretations in the edge plasmas of Wendelstein 7-X

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Plasma Science and Technology 2020年第8期22卷 63-70页

作者： J COSFELD P DREWS B BLACKWELL M JAKUBOWSKI H NIEMANN D ZHANG Y FENG the Wendelstein-X Team Forschungszentrum Jülich gmbh Institut für Energie-und Klimaforschung-PlasmaphysikPartner of the Trilateral Euregio Cluster(TEC)52425 JülichGermany JARA-HPC Jülich Supercomputing CentreForschungszentrum Jülich GmbH52425 JülichGermany Australian National University Acton ACT2601 CanberraAustralia Max-Plank-Insitut für Plasmaphysik 17491 Greifswald/85748 GarchingGermany

The recently modified EMC3-EIRENE code package has been widely applied as an edge-plasma analysis tool and resulted in successful validation against various measured trends seen in stellarator and tokamak plasma *** has been shown that the code package applied for Wendelstein 7-X(W7-X)discharges in the interpretive mode can assess the impact of impurity effects on the electron density,measured by a set of Langmuir *** particular the spatial quantification of impurities and effects from the effective charge state Zeff and effective mass meff,which are non-trivial to record by diagnostics,were *** results showed that earlier assumptions of the effective charge-state distribution and effective mass for reported Langmuir probe measurements must be ***,reprocessing these measurements with code-interpreted spatial profiles of the effective charge state and effective mass led to an overall improved physical consistency.

关键词： Wendelstein 7-X plasma-wall interaction numerical-diagnostics EMC3-EIRENE

Moisture Absorption and Desorption in an Ionomer-Based Encapsulant:A Type of Self-Breathing Encapsulant for CIGS Thin-Film PV Modules

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Engineering 2020年第12期6卷 1403-1407页

作者： Miao Yang Raymund Schäffler Tobias Repmann Kay Orgassa NICE Solar Energy gmbh Schwaebisch Hall 74523Germany

As an alternative to conventional encapsulation concepts for a double glass photovoltaic(PV)module,we introduce an innovative ionomer-based multi-layer encapsulant,by which the application of additional edge sealing to prevent moisture penetration is not *** spontaneous moisture absorption and desorption of this encapsulant and its raw materials,poly(ethylene-co-acrylic acid)and an ionomer,are analyzed under different climatic conditions in this *** relative air humidity is thermodynamically the driving force for these inverse processes and determines the corresponding equilibrium moisture content(EMC).Higher air humidity results in a larger *** homogenization of the absorbed water molecules is a diffusion-controlled process,in which temperature plays a dominant ***,the diffusion coefficient at a higher temperature is still relatively ***,under normal climatic conditions for the application of PV modules,we believe that the investigated ionomer-based encapsulant can“breathe”the humidity:During the day,when there is higher relative humidity,it“inhales”(absorbs)moisture and restrains it within the outer edge of the module;then at night,when there is a lower relative humidity,it“exhales”(desorbs)the *** this way,the encapsulant protects the cell from moisture ingress.

关键词： Ionomer Encapsulant Moisture absorption and desorption Cu(In,Ga)Se2 photovoltaic module