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laboratory and field evaluation of a low-cost optical particle sizer

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第8期142卷 215-225页

作者： Mingzhen Tang Yicheng Shen Yanzhen Ge Jian Gao Chong Wang Liqing Wu Shuchun Si State Key laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China Jinan Grid-Based Supervision Center of ecological and Environmental Protection Jinan 250100China Tai’an ecological Environment Protection Control Center Tai’an 271000China School of Physics Shandong UniversityJinan 250013China

Low-cost sensors are widely used to collect high-spatial-resolution particulate matter data that traditional reference monitoring devices *** addition to the mass concentration,the number concentration and size distribution are also fundamental in determining the origin and hazard level of particulate ***,low-cost optical sensors have been improved to establish optical particle sizers(OPSs).In this study,a low-cost OPS,the Nova SDS029,is introduced,and it is evaluated in comparison to two reference instruments—the GRIMM 11-D and the TSI *** first tested the sizing accuracy using polystyrene latex ***,we assessed the mass and number size distribution accuracy in three application scenarios:indoor smoking,ambient air quality,and mobile *** evaluations suggest that the low-cost SDS029 rivals research-grade optical sizers in many *** example,(1)the particle diameters obtained with the SDS029 are close to the reference instruments(usually<10%)in the 0.3-5μm range;(2)the number of particles and mass concentration are highly correlated(r≥0.99)with the values obtained with the reference instruments;and(3)the SDS029 slightly underestimates the number concentration,but the derived PM_(2.5)values are closer to monitoring station than the reference *** successful application of the SDS029 in multiple scenarios suggests that a plausible particle size distribution can be obtained in an easy and cost-efficient *** believe that low-cost OPSs will increasingly be used to map the sources and risk levels of particles at the city scale.

关键词： Optical particle sizer Particle size distribution Low-cost sensor Evaluation Field application

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A green cross-linking method for the preparation of renewable threedimensional graphene sponges for efficient adsorption of Congo red dye

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第2期66卷 84-93页

作者： Zhuang Liu Bo Gao Haoyuan Han Yuling Li Haiyang Fu Donghui Wei Key laboratory for ecological Metallurgy of Multimetallic Mineral(Ministry of Education) Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China

Graphene-based materials possess significant potential for the treatment of dye wastewater due to their exceptional adsorption properties toward stubborn ***,their utilization is hindered by high preparation costs,low yields,environmental pollution during synthesis,and challenges in regenerating the *** study proposes a novel approach to address these limitations by developing nitrogen-doped three-dimensional(3D)polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)crosslinked graphene sponges(N-PGA)using a cross-linking method with ammonium *** method offers a relatively mild,environmentally friendly *** carbonate serves as both a reducing and modifying agent,facilitating the formation of the intrinsic structure of N-PGA and acting as a nitrogen ***,PVA is utilized as the cross-linking *** results demonstrate that N-PGA exhibits a favorable internal 3D hierarchical porous structure and possesses robust mechanical *** measured specific surface area(BET)of N-PGA was as high as406.538 m^(2)·g^(-1),which was favorable for its efficient adsorption of Congo red(CR)dye *** an initial concentration of 50 mg·L^(-1),N-PGA achieved an impressive removal rate of 89.6%and an adsorption capacity of 112 mg·g^(-1)for CR ***,it retained 79%of its initial adsorption capacity after 10 cycles,demonstrating excellent regeneration *** summary,the synthesized N-PGA displays remarkable efficacy in the adsorption of CR dye in wastewater,opening up new possibilities for utilizing 3D porous graphene nanomaterials as efficient adsorbents in wastewater treatment.

关键词： Green chemistry Graphene sponge Adsorbents Adsorption Congo red Regeneration

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Gypsum-based Silica Gel Humidity-controlling Composite Materials:Preparation,Characterization,and Performance

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2024年第2期39卷 337-344页

作者：李曦冉茂宇 School of Architecture Huaqiao UniversityXiamen 361021China Xiamen Key laboratory of ecological Building Construction Xiamen 361021China

Gypsum was used as substrate,and silica gel was mixed into substrate at a certain mass ratio to prepare humidity-controlling composites;moreover,the moisture absorption and desorption properties of gypsum-based composites were compared with adding different silica gel particle size and *** morphological characteristics,the isothermal equilibrium moisture content curve,moisture absorption and desorption rate,moisture absorption and desorption stability,and humidity-conditioning performance were tested and *** experimental results show that,compared with pure-gypsum,the surface structure of the gypsum-based composites is relatively loose,the quantity,density and aperture of the pores in the structure *** absorption and desorption capacity increase along with the increase of silica gel particle size and silica gel *** 3 mm silica gel particle size is added with a mass ratio of 40%,the maximum equilibrium moisture content of humidity-controlling composites is 0.161 g/g at 98% relative humidity(RH),3.22 times that of *** moisture absorption and desorption rates are increased,the equilibrium moisture absorption and desorption rates are 2.68 times and 1.61 times that of pure-gypsum at 58.5% RH,*** gypsum-based composites have a good stability,which has better timely response to dynamic humidity changes and can effectively regulate indoor humidity under natural conditions.

关键词： humidity controlling composite materials gypsum silica gel

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A New Species of the Genus Scincella Mittleman,1950(Squamata:Scincidae)from Sichuan Province,Southwest China

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Asian Herpetological Research 2024年第2期15卷 115-129页

作者： Ruwan JIA Zongyuan GAO Dihao WU Jinlong REN Dechun JIANG Wei WU CAS Key laboratory of Mountain ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization&ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu Institute of BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610213SichuanChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The genus Scincella Mittleman,1950,within the family Scincidae,is a diverse group comprising 39 described *** taxonomy of the genus is complex due to morphological similarities among species,which often obscures the true extent of biodiversity,resulting in several undescribed species requiring further *** China,particularly within the unique ecosystems of the Hengduan Mountains,the diversity of Scincella is notably underestimated,with only 12 species currently *** the present study,we describe a new species of the genus Scincella,Scincella liangshanensis ***.,from Sichuan Province,Southwest *** characteristics and phylogenetic analyses revealed that the putative new species is distinct from all other known *** discovery not only expands the known diversity of Scincella but also emphasizes the inadequacies in our current understanding of herpetological diversity in *** addition of this species to the scientific record highlights the necessity for ongoing biodiversity assessments to uncover hidden species and enhance our understanding of the intricate web of life in one of the world’s biodiversity hotspots.

关键词： morphology phylogeny Scincella liangshanensis sp.nov. taxonomy the Hengduan Mountains

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Toward a rapid and convenient nanoplastic quantification method in laboratory-scale study based on fluorescence intensity

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第5期18卷 117-126页

作者： Ruiqi Yan Sen Lin Qian Ding Lei Zhang Xia Yu Wentao Zhao Qian Sui State Environmental Protection Key laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process School of Resources and Environmental EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237China State Key laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse College of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai200092China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and ecological Security Shanghai200092China

The thorough investigation of nanoplastics(NPs)in aqueous environments requires efficient and expeditious quantitative analytical methods that are sensitive to environmentally relevant NP concentrations and convenient to *** analysis-based quantitative methods have been acknowledged as effective and rapid approaches for quantifying NP concentrations in laboratory-scale ***,we compared three commonly used optical response indicators,namely fluorescence intensity(FI),ultraviolet absorbance,and turbidity,to assess their performance in quantifying ***,orthogonal experiments were conducted to evaluate the influence of various water quality parameters on the preferred indicator-based quantification *** results revealed that FI exhibits the highest correlation coefficient(>0.99)with NP ***,the limit of quantification(LOQ)for various types of NPs is exceptionally low,ranging from 0.0089 to 0.0584 mg/L in ultrapure water,well below environmentally relevant *** variations in water quality parameters such as pH,salinity,suspended solids(SS),and humic acid,a robust relationship between detectable FI and NP concentration was ***,an increased matrix,especially SS in water samples,results in an enhanced LOQ for ***,the quantitative method remains applicable in real water bodies,especially in drinking water,with NP LOQ as low as 0.0157–0.0711 mg/*** exceeds the previously reported detectable concentration for 100 nm NPs at 40µg/mL using surface-enhanced Raman *** study confirms the potential of FI as a reliable indicator for the rapid quantification of NPs in aqueous environments,offering substantial advantages in terms of both convenience and cost-effectiveness.

关键词： Nanoplastic quantification Fluorescence intensity Drinking water Limit of quantification(LOQ) Matrix effects

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Sounding the alarm:Functionally referential signaling in Azure-winged Magpie

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Avian Research 2024年第1期15卷 35-41页

作者： Xingyi Jiang Yanyun Zhang Ministry of Education Key laboratory for Biodiversity and ecological Engineering College of Life SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

Functionally referential signals are a complex form of communication that conveys information about the external *** signals have been found in a range of mammal and bird species and have helped us understand the complexities of animal *** are well known for their extraordinary cognitive abilities,but relatively little attention has been paid to their vocal ***,we investigated the functionally referential signals of a cooperatively breeding corvid species,Azure-winged Magpie(Cyanopica cyanus).Through field observations,we suggest that Azure-winged Magpie uses referential alarm calls to distinguish two types of threats:’rasp’ calls for terrestrial threats and ’chatter’ calls for aerial threats.A playback experiment revealed that Azure-winged Magpies responded to the two call types with qualitatively different *** sought cover by flying into the bushes in response to the ’chatter’ calls,and flew to or stayed at higher positions in response to ’rasp’ calls,displaying a shorter response time to ’chatter’ *** differences in acoustic structure were found between the two types of *** the extensive cognitive abilities of corvids and the fact that referential signals were once thought to be unique to primates,these findings are important for expanding our understanding of social communication and language evolution.

关键词： Alarm call Animal communication Azure-winged Magpie Referential signal

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Integrating host biological and ecological variables to predict probability of haemosporidian infection in raptors

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Avian Research 2024年第2期15卷 255-264页

作者： Kai Gao Xuemei Yang Xi Huang Wenhong Deng Ministry of Education Key laboratory for Biodiversity Science and ecological Engineering College of Life SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875China

Variations in host traits that influence their exposure and susceptibility may impact probability of vector-transmitted ***,identifying the predictors of infection probability is necessary to understand the risk of disease outbreaks during expanding environmental ***,we conducted a large survey based on microscopic examination and molecular analysis of haemosporidian parasite infection in raptors rescued at the Beijing Raptor Rescue *** these data with biological and ecological variables of the raptors,we determined predictors that affect the probability of haemosporidian infection using generalized linear mixed models and multimodel *** results showed that infection probability exhibited considerable variation across host species in raptors,and body mass,sex,and evolutionary history played relatively weaker roles in driving infection ***,activity pattern,age,geographic range size,migration distance,and nest type were important predictors of the probability of haemosporidian infection,and the role of each predictor differed in the three main haemosporidian genera(Plasmodium,Haemoproteus,and Leucocytozoon).This macro-ecological analysis will add to our understanding of host traits that influence the probability of avian haemosporidian infection and will help inform risk of emerging diseases.

关键词： Activity pattern Emerging infectious diseases Infection probability Interspecific variation Migratory exposure

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Effects of iron oxide on crystallization behavior and spatial distribution of spinel in stainless steel slag

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第2期31卷 292-300页

作者： Zihang Yan Qing Zhao Chengzhi Han Xiaohui Mei Chengjun Liu Maofa Jiang Key laboratory for ecological Metallurgy of Multimetallic Mineral(Ministry of Education Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China School of Metallurgy Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China

Chromium plays a vital role in stainless steel due to its ability to improve the corrosion resistance of the ***,the re-lease of chromium from stainless steel slag(SSS)during SSS stockpiling causes detrimental environmental *** prevent chromium pollution,the effects of iron oxide on crystallization behavior and spatial distribution of spinel were investigated in this *** results revealed that FeO was more conducive to the growth of spinels compared with Fe2O3 and *** were found to be mainly distrib-uted at the top and bottom of *** amount of spinel phase at the bottom decreased with the increasing FeO content,while that at the top *** average particle size of spinel in the slag with 18wt%FeO content was 12.8μ***,no notable structural changes were observed with a further increase in FeO *** other words,the spatial distribution of spinel changed when the content of iron oxide varied in the range of 8wt%to 18wt%.Finally,less spinel was found at the bottom of slag with a FeO content of 23wt%.

关键词： stainless steel slag spinel chromium waste remediation ferrous oxide

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Interaction mechanism of cyanide with pyrite during the cyanidation of pyrite and the decyanation of pyrite cyanide residues by chemical oxidation

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第9期31卷 1996-2005页

作者： Wenwen Han Hongying Yang Linlin Tong Key laboratory for ecological Metallurgy of Multimetallic Mineral(Ministry of Education) Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China School of Metallurgy Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China

The toxic cyanides in cyanide residues produced from cyanidation process for gold extraction are harmful to the *** is one of the main minerals existing in cyanide *** this work,the interaction of cyanide with pyrite and the decyanation of pyrite cyanide residue were *** revealed that high pH value,high cyanide concentration,and high pyrite dosage promoted the interaction of cyanide with *** cyanidation of pyrite was pseudo-second-order with respect to *** decyanation of pyrite cyanide residue by Na_(2)SO_(3)/air oxidation was *** cyanide removal efficiency was 83.9% after 1 h of reaction time under the optimal conditions of pH value of 11.2,SO_(3)^(2-) dosage of 22 mg·g^(-1),and air flow rate of 1.46 L·min^(-1).X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis of the pyrite samples showed the formation of Fe(Ⅲ)and FeSO_(4) during the cyanidation *** cyanide that adsorbed on the pyrite surface after cyanidation mainly existed in the forms of free cyanide(CN^(-))and ferrocyanide(Fe(CN)_(6)^(4-)),which were effectively removed by Na_(2)SO_(3)/air *** the decyanation process,air intake promoted pyrite oxidation and weakened cyanide adsorption on the pyrite *** study has practical significance for gold enterprises aiming to mitigate the environmental impact related to cyanide residues.

关键词： pyrite cyanide decyanation sodium sulfite/air oxidation cyanide residue

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Phase equilibria relations in the V_(2)O_(5)-rich part of the Fe_(2)O_(3-)TiO_(2)-V_(2)O_(5) system at 1200℃ related to converter vanadium-bearing slag

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第9期31卷 2017-2024页

作者： Junjie Shi Yumo Zhai Yuchao Qiu Changle Hou Jingjing Dong Maoxi Yao Haolun Li Yongrong Zhou Jianzhong Li Key laboratory for ecological Metallurgy of Multimetallic Mineral(Ministry of Education) Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China School of Metallurgy Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China

The efficient recycling of vanadium from converter vanadium-bearing slag is highly significant for sustainable development and circular *** key to developing novel processes and improving traditional routes lies in the thermodynamic *** this study,the equilibrium phase relations for the Fe_(2)O_(3)-TiO_(2)-V_(2)O_(5)system at 1200℃in air were investigated using a high-temperature equilibrium-quenching technique,followed by analysis using scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer and X-ray photoelectron *** liquid-phase region,two two-phase regions(liquid-rutile and liquid-ferropseudobrookite),and one three-phase region(liquid-rutile-ferropseudobrookite)were *** variation in the TiO_(2)and V_(2)O_(5)contents with the Fe_(2)O_(3)content was examined for rutile and ferropseudobrookite solid ***,on further comparison with the predictions of FactSage 8.1,significant discrepancies were identified,highlighting that greater attention must be paid to updating the current thermodynamic database related to vanadium-bearing slag systems.

关键词： vanadium-bearing slag thermodynamics FactSage phase equilibria recovery

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