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Women Breast Cancer: Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices and Factors Associated with Early Screening in the Municipality of Abomey-Calavi in Benin in 2018

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2024年第1期14卷 131-156页

作者： Stéphane Arold Bidossessi Senahoun Nicolas Hamondji Amegan Mahougnon Hugues Serge Dohou Hermann Comlanvi Agbedjinou Lucresse Corine Fassinou Tècle Edwige Korogone Armand Ibikounle Dieudonné Fambo Joël Gamêlé Mikponhoué Christiane Tshabu Aguemon ecole doctorale des Sciences de la Santé Université d’Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Bénin ecole de Santé Publique de l’Université de Montréal Québec Canada Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Médecine Cardiovasculaire Faculté de Médecine de l’Université de Parakou Parakou Bénin ecole de Santé Publique Université Libre de Bruxelles Bruxelles Belgique ecole Nationale des Techniciens Supérieurs en Santé Publique et en Surveillance Epidémiologique Université de Parakou Parakou Bénin Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Université d’Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Bénin

Background: Breast cancer is the dominant cancer in women in both developed and developing countries. The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes, practices and factors associated with early breast cancer screening among women in the Municipality of Abomey-Calavi in Benin. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive, analytical study with prospective data collection from October 1 to 8, 2018, involving 1740 women in the Municipality of Abomey-Calavi, aged 18 years or older and selected by WHO four-stage random cluster sampling. Consenting women who were mentally competent, 18 years of age or older at the time of the survey, and residing continuously in the Municipality of Abomey-Calavi for the last six months prior to the survey were included. On the other hand, women who belonged to a breast cancer prevention service, women in whom secondary screening was noted, or non-consenting women were not included. The initial minimum size was estimated by the Schwartz formula with a cluster effect of k = 2. Information was collected by questionnaire survey, entered with Epidata 3.1. Fr and analyzed with R Studio 3.5.1. software. Results: The mean age of the women surveyed was 32.0 ± 11.5 years with a range of 18 and 71 years. Regarding knowledge, the clinical manifestation known by the majority of women was the presence of a nodule (68.50%). In the series, 1308 (75.17%) declared having heard about breast cancer once before, either on the radio, television or from friends and 726 (55.50%) had heard about breast cancer screening. Five hundred and twelve (70.52%) of the 726 who had heard of breast cancer said they knew that breast cancer could be screened earlier. Breast self-examination was the most cited screening method (67.58%). The disease is of natural origin according to 37.84% of them. Regarding attitudes and practices, the prevalence of early breast cancer screening was 12.93%, of which 11.67% declared that they had checked themselves to kno

关键词： Breast Cancer Early Screening Knowledge Practices Attitudes Associated Factors

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Quantitative Comparative Study of the Performance of Lossless Compression Methods Based on a Text Data Model

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第7期14卷 1944-1962页

作者： Namogo Silué Sié Ouattara Mouhamadou Dosso Alain Clément Laboratoire des Sciences et Technologies de la Communication et de lInformation (LSTCI) Institut National Polytechnique Houphout Boigny (INPHB) Yamoussoukro Cte dIvoire Institut National Polytechnique Houphout Boigny (INPHB) Yamoussoukro Cte dIvoire UFR Mathmatique-Informatique Ecole Doctorale Sciences-Technologie et Agriculture Durable (ED STAD) Universit Felix Houphout-Boigny (UFHB) Abidjan Cte dIvoire ecole de Gomatique et du Territoire (EGT) Abidjan Cte dIvoire LARIS SFR MATHSTIC Universit dAngers Angers France

Data compression plays a key role in optimizing the use of memory storage space and also reducing latency in data transmission. In this paper, we are interested in lossless compression techniques because their performance is exploited with lossy compression techniques for images and videos generally using a mixed approach. To achieve our intended objective, which is to study the performance of lossless compression methods, we first carried out a literature review, a summary of which enabled us to select the most relevant, namely the following: arithmetic coding, LZW, Tunstall’s algorithm, RLE, BWT, Huffman coding and Shannon-Fano. Secondly, we designed a purposive text dataset with a repeating pattern in order to test the behavior and effectiveness of the selected compression techniques. Thirdly, we designed the compression algorithms and developed the programs (scripts) in Matlab in order to test their performance. Finally, following the tests conducted on relevant data that we constructed according to a deliberate model, the results show that these methods presented in order of performance are very satisfactory:- LZW- Arithmetic coding- Tunstall algorithm- BWT + RLELikewise, it appears that on the one hand, the performance of certain techniques relative to others is strongly linked to the sequencing and/or recurrence of symbols that make up the message, and on the other hand, to the cumulative time of encoding and decoding.

关键词： Arithmetic Coding BWT Compression Ratio Comparative Study Compression Techniques Shannon-Fano Huffman Lossless Compression LZW Performance Redundancy RLE Text Data Tunstall

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Optimal Classification of Minerals by Microscopic Image Analysis Based on Seven-State “Deep Learning” Combined with Optimizers

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第6期14卷 1550-1572页

作者： Kouadio Krah Sie Ouattara Gbele Ouattara Alain Clement Joseph Vangah Laboratoire de Gnie Civil Gosciences et Sciences Gographiques Institut National Polytechnique Houphout Boigny (INPHB) Yamoussoukro Cte dIvoire Institut National Polytechnique Houphout Boigny (INPHB) Ecole Doctorale Polytechnique (EDP) Yamoussoukro Cte dIvoire Laboratoire des Sciences et Technologies de la Communication et de lInformation (LSTCI) Institut National Polytechnique Houphout Boigny (INP-HB) Yamoussoukro Cte dIvoire ecole de Gomatique et du Territoire (EGT) Abidjan Cte dIvoire LARIS SFR MATHSTIC Universit dAngers Angers France Universit Virtuelle de Cte dIvoire Abidjan Cte dIvoire

The development of artificial intelligence (AI), particularly deep learning, has made it possible to accelerate and improve the processing of data collected in different fields (commerce, medicine, surveillance or security, agriculture, etc.). Most related works use open source consistent image databases. This is the case for ImageNet reference data such as coco data, IP102, CIFAR-10, STL-10 and many others with variability representatives. The consistency of its images contributes to the spectacular results observed in its fields with deep learning. The application of deep learning which is making its debut in geology does not, to our knowledge, include a database of microscopic images of thin sections of open source rock minerals. In this paper, we evaluate three optimizers under the AlexNet architecture to check whether our acquired mineral images have object features or patterns that are clear and distinct to be extracted by a neural network. These are thin sections of magmatic rocks (biotite and 2-mica granite, granodiorite, simple granite, dolerite, charnokite and gabbros, etc.) which served as support. We use two hyper-parameters: the number of epochs to perform complete rounds on the entire data set and the “learning rate” to indicate how quickly the weights in the network will be modified during optimization. Using Transfer Learning, the three (3) optimizers all based on the gradient descent methods of Stochastic Momentum Gradient Descent (sgdm), Root Mean Square Propagation (RMSprop) algorithm and Adaptive Estimation of moment (Adam) achieved better performance. The recorded results indicate that the Momentum optimizer achieved the best scores respectively of 96.2% with a learning step set to 10−3 for a fixed choice of 350 epochs during this variation and 96, 7% over 300 epochs for the same value of the learning step. This performance is expected to provide excellent insight into image quality for future studies. Then they participate in the development of

关键词： Classification Convolutional Neural Network Deep Learning Optimizers Transfer Learning Rock Mineral Images

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Double cholecystectomy in case of accessory gallbladder:Not as easy as two cholecystectomies

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2019年第1期18卷 93-95页

作者： Benjamin Darnis Kayvan Mohkam Fran?ois Cauchy Jean-Yves Mabrut Department of General Surgery and Liver Transplantation Hospices Civils de Lyon Croix-Rousse University Hospital ecole doctorale ediss 205 Université Lyon 1 HPB Surgery and Liver Transplantation Unit Beaujon Hospital

To the Editor:Accessory gallbladders(AG)are rare and their management are usually *** variations are related with an abnormal division of the bile ducts precursors between the 5th and the 12th week of *** et al.[1]proposed an anatomical classification of these variations based on the embryologic abnormalities *** type 1 both gallbladders are connected to the common bile duct at the same *** type 2 the AG can reach either the common bile duct(ductular type)or an intrahepatic biliary duct(trabecular type).In type 3,three gallbladders are present.

关键词： gallbladders Harlaftis

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Epidemiology, Clinical Features and Antifungal Resistance Profile of Candida auris in Africa: Systematic Review

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第1期12卷 126-149页

作者： Isidore Wendkièta Yerbanga Seydou Nakanabo Diallo Toussaint Rouamba Delwendé Florence Ouedraogo Katrien Lagrou Rita Oladele Jean-Pierre Gangneux Olivier Denis Hector Rodriguez-Villalobos Isabel Montesinos Sanata Bamba Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Régional de Ouahigouya Ouahigouya Burkina Faso ecole doctorale des Sciences De la Santé Université Nazi Boni Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Centre Muraz/Institut National de Santé Publique Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Clinical Research Unit of Nanoro Institute for Research in Health Sciences National Center for Scientific and Technological Research Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Microbiology Immunology and Transplantation KU Leuven Leuven Belgium and Department of Laboratory Medicine and National Reference Center for Mycosis Excellence Center for Medical Mycology (ECMM) University Hospitals Leuven Leuven Belgium College of Medicine University of Lagos Lagos Nigeria Univ Rennes CHU Rennes Inserm Irset (Institut de recherche en santé environnement et travail) European ECMM Excellence Center in Medical Mycology Université de Rennes Rennes France Department of Microbiology CHU Namur site-Godinne Université Catholique de Louvain Yvoir Belgium ecole de Santé Publique Université Libre de Bruxelles Brussels Belgium Department of Microbiology Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc—Université Catholique de Louvain Bruxelles Belgium Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sour? Sanou Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso

Candida auris since it discovery in 2009 is becoming a severe threat to human health due to its very quickly spread, its worldwide high resistance to systemic antifungal drugs. In resource-constrained settings where several conditions are met for its emergence and spread, this worrisome fungus could cause large hospital and/or community-based outbreaks. This review aimed to summarize the available data on C. auris in Africa focusing on its epidemiology and antifungal resistance profile. Major databases were searched for articles on the epidemiology and antifungal resistance profile of C. auris in Africa. Out of 2,521 articles identified 22 met the inclusion criteria. In Africa, nearly 89% of African countries have no published data on C. auris. The prevalence of C. auris in Africa was 8.74%. The case fatality rate of C. auris infection in Africa was 39.46%. The main C. auris risk factors reported in Africa were cardiovascular disease, renal failure, diabetes, HIV, recent intake of antimicrobial drugs, ICU admissions, surgery, hemodialysis, parenteral nutrition and indwelling devices. Four phylogenetic clades were reported in Africa, namely clades I, II, III and IV. Candida auris showed a pan-African very high resistance rate to fluconazole, moderate resistance to amphotericin B, and high susceptibility to echinocandins. Finally, C. auris clade-specific mutations were observed within the ERG2, ERG3, ERG9, ERG11, FKS1, TAC1b and MRR1 genes in Africa. This systematic review showed the presence of C. auris in the African continent and a worrying unavailability of data on this resilient fungus in most African countries.

关键词： Africa Antifungal Resistance Candida auris Clinical Features Phylogenetic Clades

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Technical-Economic Performance, Carcass and Meat Quality of COBB500 Broilers Fed Rations Incorporating Mango By-Product Feeds in Ivory Coast (West Africa)

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2024年第1期14卷 1-13页

作者： Timbilfou Kiendrébéogo Alidjata Traoré Etienne Sodre Drissa Barry Isidor Ouedraogo Marcelle Grace Koidja Vianney Tarpaga Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles Laboratoire de Recherches en Production et Santé Animales (LAREPSA) Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles Laboratoire Central d’Horticulture (LCH) Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Laboratoire d’Etude des Ressources Naturelles et des Sciences de l’Environnement (LERNSE) Ecole Doctorale Sciences Naturelles et Agronomie (ED-SNA) Université Nazi BONI Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Université Catholique de l’Afrique de l’Ouest (UCAO) Section du Burkina Faso Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Direction Régionale de l’Agriculture des Ressources Animales et Halieutiques de l’Est Fada Burkina Faso

The study evaluated the growth performance and carcass quality of COBB500 broilers fed two experimental rations incorporating feed and mango fine ED10 for a batch of 83 birds, ED20 (batch of 83 birds) in comparison with a commercial control ration CCD (84 birds). For this purpose, 250 day-old chicks of this breed were purchased in Korhogo and transported to Tengréla in Ivory Coast for rearing. The results show that substituting mango provender ans and mango seed flour for maize resulted in rations with costs per kgMS of 215.35FCFA, 2016.93FCFA and 320FCFA for the ED10, ED20 and CCD rations respectively. The production costs per kg of chicken (FCPkgLW) of the CCD ration were significantly higher than those of the ED10 and ED20 (p 0.05). ADGs were significantly different and decreasing from CCD, ED20 to ED10 (p 0.05). Average weights at 42nd day for ED20 and CCD were homogeneous (p > 0.05) and significantly higher than for ED10 (p 0.05). By day 49th the average weight of ED20 had reached and exceeded that of CCD by day 42nd. PSLW, HCW and CCW were significantly different and decreasing from CCW, ED20 to ED10 (p 0.05). Average hot (HCY) and cooled (CCY) carcass yields of ED20 and CCD rations were comparable (p > 0.05) and significantly higher than those of ED10 ration (p = 0.009) and 0.003). Average drumstick and neck weights were significantly higher and lower for CCD, ED20 and ED10 (p 0.05). For all other parts of the cut, the average weights of the CCD ration were significantly higher (p 0.05) than those of the ED20 and ED10 rations, which were homogeneous (p 0.05). The incorporation of mango provender and mango seed flour in broiler rations offers the prospect of reduced production costs, less competition between man and animals over cereals, and lean meat production tha

关键词： Broiler COOB 500 Chickens Mango Feed Carcass Characteristics Tengrela Ivory Coast

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Polymorphic multiple hepatocellular adenoma including a non-steatotic HNF1α-inactivated variant

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2017年第5期16卷 552-555页

作者： Kayvan Mohkam Benjamin Darnis Jean-Baptiste Cazauran Agnès Rode Anne-Frédérique Manichon Christian Ducerf Brigitte Bancel Jean-Yves Mabrut Department of General Surgery and Liver Transplantation Hospices Civils de Lyon Croix-Rousse University HospitalLyon France Department of Radiology Hospices Civils de Lyon Croix-Rousse University HospitalLyon France Department of Surgical Pathology Hospices Civils de Lyon Croix-Rousse University HospitalLyon France Equipe Mixte de Recherche 3738 Ecole Doctorale EDISS 205 Université Lyon 1 France

To the Editor:Hepatocellular adenomas(HCAs)consist of benign liver tumors favored by the use of oral contraceptives,which preferentially occur in women.[1,2]They expose to the risk of hemorrhage(20%of cases)and more rarely,to the risk of malignant transformation(4%-10%of cases).[3,4]Multiple HCAs,which are defined by the presence of 10 or more

关键词： HNF Polymorphic multiple hepatocellular adenoma including a non-steatotic HNF1 HCA

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Some Processing Steps and Uses of Cashew Apples: A Review

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2023年第1期14卷 38-57页

作者： Lou Boli Caroline Sahie Doudjo Soro Kisselmina Youssouf Kone Nogbou Emmanuel Assidjo Kouassi Benjamin Yao ecole doctorale Polytechnique (EDP) of Institut National Polytechnique Félix Houphouë t-Boigny (INP-HB) Yamoussoukro C&#244 te d’Ivoire

In addition to the cashew nut, which is the main product, the cashew tree also produces the cashew apple which is considered a by-product. The cashew apple has a high nutritional potential. Indeed, it is rich in vitamin C, carotenoids, dietary fibers, vitamins, sugars and mineral elements where are essential for human nutrition. In addition to its nutritional quality, the cashew apple has technological advantages: the edible part of the fruit is between 85% and 100% higher than that of other traditional tropical fruits, and its juicy and sweet flesh is free of seeds or pits. In addition, very large volumes are available. As a result, the development of this fruit represents a considerable economic challenge. This paper first presents the cultivation of cashew trees and the bibliography of the work done on cashew juice. The favorable conditions for cashew tree cultivation and the planting method were presented. Then, the study highlights the work done on the physicochemical characteristics of cashew apples, the effect of the growing area, the variety and the stage of maturity on its characteristics. It also shows the influence of the processing steps on the nutritional value and organoleptic quality of the cashew apple;as well as the methods of clarification, stabilization, concentration and dehydration. Some uses of cashew apple were reviewed: beverage, food, substrate, bioethanol, nutraceutical, food additive and agro materials.

关键词： Cashew Apple Processing Use

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Equilibrium Composition of a Plasma in the Low Voltage Air Circuit Breaker Contaminated by the Vapor of AgSnO₂ Alloy Electrical Contacts

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Advances in Materials Physics and Chemistry 2022年第5期12卷 69-81页

作者： Banouga Adjigkiga Kagoné Abdoul Karim Yaguibou Wêpari Charles Kohio Niéssan Koalaga Zacharie Zougmoré François Laboratoire de Matériaux et Environnement (LAME) Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Technologies Université Joseph KI ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

When the circuit breaker cuts the electric current, an electric arc is created between its electrodes. The success or failure of breaking the electric current by the circuit breaker depends strongly on the physico-chemical properties of the electric arc created, such as the composition of which depends on the material of the electrical contacts. In this work, we determine the equilibrium composition of the electric arc in the low voltage air circuit breaker with silver tin dioxide alloy contacts, in a temperature range from 500 K to 15,000 K and at atmospheric pressure. We use the Gibbs free energy minimization method and develop a computer code to determine the equilibrium composition of the created plasma. The analysis of the results obtained shows that O2 particles with a dissociation energy of 5.114 eV, NO with a dissociation energy of 6.503 eV, and N2 dissociation 9.756 eV dissociate around 3500 K, 5000 K, and 7500 K, respectively. We note that the electro-neutrality is established between the electrons and the cations: Ag+ and NO+, for temperatures lower than 6500 K. For temperatures higher than 6500 K, the electro-neutrality is established between the electrons and the cations: N+, O+, and Ag+. The numerical density of the electrons increases when the proportion of the vapor of the electrical contacts increases in the mixture, in particular for temperatures lower than 11,000 K.

关键词： Plasma Electric Arc Gibbs Free Energy Circuit Breaker Electrical Contacts AgSnO2

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Design and implementation of platform for embedded Ethernet control system

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仪器仪表学报 2008年第6期29卷 1121-1128页

作者： Zhu Lingbo Lin-Shi Xue-Fang Dai Guanzhong Rétif Jean-Marie College of Automation Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi＇an 710072 China l＇ecole doctorale： Electronique Electrotechnique Automatique (EEA) Institute National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon Villeurbanne 69621 France

A platform named EMECS based on embedded Ethernet control system is implemented.A PC running Fedora 6(Linux2.6)works as a central controller.A kit running Linux 2.4 based on Samsung2410A(ARM920t core)works as a remote controller and a DC motor(ESCA P28HSL18-219/204)made by Portescap Company works as a ***,system modeling is presented by analyzing the characteristics of Ethernet and the plant,based on a proposed delay measurement ***,implementation of the system including program and hardware is described in *** then the delay is measured and the control results of the system are tested in three cases with different network loads as *** platform is proved to have flexibility of running different control algorithms and extensibility of adding *** results demonstrate the validity of the system.

关键词：以太网控制系统设计方案平台

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