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First Successful Nesting of Black Oystercatchers among Endangered California Least Terns along the West Coast of North America

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A) 2023年第3期12卷 100-105页

作者： David L.Riensche Ben Pearl Susan Ramos east bay regional park district 2950 Peralta Oaks CourtOaklandCalifornia 94605USA San Francisco bay Bird Observatory 524 Valley WayMilpitasCA 95035USA Doug Siden Visitor Center at Crab Cover East Bay Regional Park DistrictAlamedaCA 94501USA

A pair of Black Oystercatchers(Haematopus bachmani)established a nest in June 2022 at“Tern Town”,an island located in Hayward,California along the eastern side of the San Francisco *** is the first documented occurrence of oystercatchers successfully nesting and fledgling young in association with California Least *** island provides nesting habitat for three special status *** 2015,and for a total of six breeding seasons,the endangered California Least Tern(Sternula antillarum browni),the threatened Western Snowy Plover(Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus)and species-of-special-concern Black Skimmer(Rynchops niger),have nested successfully,in association with American Avocet(Recurvirostra americana)and Black-necked Stilt(Himantopus mexicanus).We collected shells near the oystercatcher nest to assess their *** data showed the oystercatchers foraged on,in decreasing order of abundance,Japanese Little-necked Clams(Ruditapes philippinarum),Ribbed Mussels(Geukensia demissa),Bent-nose Clams(Macoma nasuta),Limpets(Patellogastropoda sp.)and bay Mussels(Mytilus edulis).This new report on breeding Black Oystercatchers indicates that managing habitat for California Least Tern,Western Snowy Plover,and Black Skimmer can also benefit Black *** site-specific information on breeding Black Oystercatchers supports recovery plan tasks that are consistent with managing habitat for California Least Tern,Western Snowy Plover and Black Skimmer.

关键词： Black Oystercatcher reproduction diet endangered species California Least Tern Western Snowy Plover Black Skimmer

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Beak Measurements of Octopus (Octopus variabilis) in Jiaozhou bay and Their Use in Size and Biomass Estimation

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2013年第3期12卷 469-476页

作者： XUE Ying REN Yiping MENG Wenrong LI Long MAO Xia HAN Dongyan MA Qiuyun Fisheries College Ocean University of China Oceanic and Fishery Administration of Lianyun district Nantong Station Regional Bureau of East China Sea Fishery ManagementMinistry of Agriculture of China

Cephalopods play key roles in global marine ecosystems as both predators and *** estimation of original size and weight of cephalopod from beak measurements is a powerful tool of interrogating the feeding ecology of predators at higher trophic *** this study,regressive relationships among beak measurements and body length and weight were determined for an octopus species(Octopus variabilis),an important endemic cephalopod species in the northwest Pacific Ocean.A total of 193 individuals(63 males and 130 females) were collected at a monthly interval from Jiaozhou bay,*** relationships among 6 beak measurements(upper hood length,UHL;upper crest length,UCL;lower hood length,LHL;lower crest length,LCL;and upper and lower beak weights) and mantle length(ML),total length(TL) and body weight(W) were *** showed that the relationships between beak size and TL and beak size and ML were linearly regressive,while those between beak size and W fitted a power function *** and UCL were the most useful measurements for estimating the size and biomass of *** relationships among beak measurements and body length(either ML or TL) were not significantly different between two sexes;while those among several beak measurements(UHL,LHL and LBW) and body weight(W) were sexually *** male individuals of this species have a slightly greater body weight distribution than female individuals,the body weight was not an appropriate measurement for estimating size and biomass,especially when the sex of individuals in the stomachs of predators was *** relationships provided essential information for future use in size and biomass estimation of ***,as well as the estimation of predator/prey size ratios in the diet of top predators.

关键词： Octopus variabilis Jiaozhou bay beak measurement body size hood length crest length

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BDS satellite clock offset prediction based on a semiparametric adjustment model considering model errors

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Satellite Navigation 2020年第1期1卷 113-125页

作者： Xiong Yan Wentao Li Yufeng Yang Xiong Pan School of Information and Engineering China University of GeosciencesNo.388Lu Mill RoadHongshan DistrictWuhanChina Chihiro Location Network Co. Ltd.Bay Valley Science and Technology ParkNo.38Lane 1688Guoquan North RoadYangpu DistrictShanghaiChina

In view of the influence of model errors in conventional BeiDou prediction models for clock offsets,a semiparametric adjustment model for BeiDou Navigation Satellite System(BDS)clock offset prediction that considers model errors is proposed in this ***,the model errors of the conventional BeiDou clock offset prediction model are ***,the relationship among the polynomial model,polynomial model with additional periodic term correction,and its periodic correction terms is explored in ***,considering the model errors,combined with the physical relationship between phase,frequency,frequency drift,and its period in the clock sequence,the conventional clock offset prediction model is *** kernel estimation and comprehensive least squares,the corresponding parameter solutions of the prediction model and the estimation of its model error are derived,and the dynamic error correction of the clock sequence model is ***,the BDS satellite precision clock data provided by the IGS Center of Wuhan University with a sampling interval of 5 min are used to compare the proposed prediction method with commonly used *** results show that the proposed prediction method can better correct the model errors of BDS satellite clock offsets,and it can effectively overcome the inaccuracies of clock offset *** average forecast accuracies of the BeiDou satellites at 6,12,and 24 h are 27.13%,37.71%,and 45.08%higher than those of the conventional BeiDou clock offset forecast models;the average model improvement rates are 16.92%,20.96%,and 28.48%,*** addition,the proposed method enhances the existing BDS satellite prediction method for clock offsets to a certain extent.

关键词： BDS Satellite clock offset Model errors Semiparametric adjustment model Clock offset forecast

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Pig pangenome graph reveals functional features of non‑reference sequences

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 956-970页

作者： Jian Miao Xingyu Wei Caiyun Cao Jiabao Sun Yuejin Xu Zhe Zhang Qishan Wang Yuchun Pan Zhen Wang College of Animal Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058ZhejiangChina Yazhou bay Science and Technology City Hainan Institute of Zhejiang UniversityYazhou DistrictBuilding 11Yongyou Industrial ParkSanya 572025HainanChina

Background The reliance on a solitary linear reference genome has imposed a significant constraint on our compre-hensive understanding of genetic variation in *** constraint is particularly pronounced for non-reference sequences(NRSs),which have not been extensively *** In this study,we constructed a pig pangenome graph using 21 pig assemblies and identified 23,831 NRSs with a total length of 105 *** findings revealed that NRSs were more prevalent in breeds exhibiting greater genetic divergence from the reference ***,we observed that NRSs were rarely found within coding sequences,while NRS insertions were enriched in immune-related Gene Ontology ***,our investigation also unveiled a close association between novel genes and the immune capacity of *** observed substantial differences in terms of frequencies of NRSs between eastern and Western pigs,and the heat-resistant pigs exhibited a substantial number of NRS insertions in an 11.6 Mb interval on chromosome ***,we discovered a 665 bp insertion in the fourth intron of the TNFRSF19 gene that may be associated with the ability of heat tolerance in South-ern Chinese *** Our findings demonstrate the potential of a graph genome approach to reveal important functional features of NRSs in pig populations.

关键词： Heat tolerance Immune ability Non-reference sequences Pig pangenome

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Breeding Status, Nesting Densities ＆ Diet Trends of Two Endangered California Least Tern Colonies

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B) 2012年第10期1卷 1135-1145页

作者： David L. Riensche Meredith L. Elliott Susan H. Euing Planning and Stewardship Department East Bay Regional Park District Oakland 94605 California USA PRBO Conservation Science Petaluma 94954 California USA U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Alameda 94501 California USA

The California least tern （Sternula antillarum browni） is an endangered species. The two largest colonies of this bird species in the San Francisco bay, California, USA, are located 23 km apart at Alameda Point and Hayward regional Shoreline. The Alameda Point colony, on the former Naval Air Station, Alameda, has grown at an average rate of 9.2% per year since its discovery in 1976 and has a nesting density ranging from 1-153 nests per ha. Long-term breeding success at Alameda has averaged 0.86 fledglings per breeding pair. Least tems began appearing in 2003, at an island in Hayward enhanced with substrate mediums and social attraction devices. Successful breeding attempts have been observed at the Hayward colony since 2006. The Hayward colony has grown at an average rate of 51.5% per year, has a nesting density ranging from 33-333 nests per ha and long-term breeding success average of 0.87 fledglings per breeding pair. Dropped fish have been collected from both colonies, and silversides （family Atherinopsidae） are the dominant prey. Alameda terns forage on a greater variety of species than the Hayward terns. The regression results indicate the importance of Northern anchovy （Engraulis mordax） to the breeding success of the Alameda colony.

关键词： California least tern endangered species breeding status nesting densities diet trends.

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Numerical study of the effects of local atmospheric circulations on a pollution event over Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei, China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第4期27卷 9-20页

作者： Yucong Miao Shuhua Liu Yijia Zheng Shu Wang Bicheng Chen Hui Zheng Jingchuan Zhao Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences School of Physics Peking University Department of Meteorology The Pennsylvania State University University Park Key Laboratory of regional Climate–Environment Research for Temperate east Asia Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Department of Atmospheric Sciences Yunnan University

Currently, the Chinese central government is considering plans to build a trilateral economic sphere in the Bohai bay area, including Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei（BTH）, where haze pollution frequently occurs. To achieve sustainable development, it is necessary to understand the physical mechanism of the haze pollution there. Therefore, the pollutant transport mechanisms of a haze event over the BTH region from 23 to 24 September 2011 were studied using the Weather Research and Forecasting model and the FLEXible-PARTicle dispersion model to understand the effects of the local atmospheric circulations and atmospheric boundary layer structure. Results suggested that the penetration by sea-breeze could strengthen the vertical dispersion by lifting up the planetary boundary layer height（PBLH） and carry the local pollutants to the downstream areas; in the early night, two elevated pollution layers（EPLs） may be generated over the mountain areas： the pollutants in the upper EPL at the altitude of 2–2.5 km were favored to disperse by long-range transport, while the lower EPL at the altitude of 1 km may serve as a reservoir, and the pollutants there could be transported downward and contribute to the surface air *** intensity of the sea–land and mountain–valley breeze circulations played an important role in the vertical transport and distribution of pollutants. It was also found that the diurnal evolution of the PBLH is important for the vertical dispersion of the pollutants,which is strongly affected by the local atmospheric circulations and the distribution of urban areas.

关键词： Air pollution Sea–land breeze circulation Mountain–valley breeze circulation WRF model FLEXPART model

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The effect of tree size,neighborhood competition and environment on tree growth in an old-growth temperate forest

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第6期10卷 970-980页

作者： Zhaochen Zhang Michael J.Papaik Xugao Wang Zhanqing Hao Ji Ye Fei Lin Zuoqiang Yuan CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management Institute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of Sciences72 Wenhua RdShenhe DistrictShenyang 110016China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 19 A Yuquan RdShijingshan DistrictBeijing 100049China Sonoma State University East Cotati AveRohnert ParkCA 94928USA

Aims Understanding the controls influencing tree growth is central to forest *** many factors such as tree size,neighborhood competition and environmental variables,have been proposed as being important in explaining patterns of tree growth,but their relative contributions are still subject to *** aimed to examine the relative importance of tree size,local abiotic conditions and the density and identity of neighbors on tree growth in an old-growth temperate forest in northeast *** We used linear mixed models with data from a 25 ha(500×500 m)broad-leaved Korean pine(Pinus koraiensis)mixed forest perma-nent plot to examine the relative importance of these local drivers on tree growth at three organizational levels(community,guild and species).Subplot was included as a random effect to account for spatial autocorrelation in growth of trees located within the same subplot,and species was included as a random effect to account for variation among species in *** Findings Tree size was typically the most important predictor of growth,followed by neighborhood competition and then soil *** correlation of tree size to growth varied from strongly positive for large trees and medium trees to slightly positive for small *** effect of neighbor-hood competition on growth showed weak negative density dependence as indicated by slightly negative effect of total basal area of neighbors and the proportion of conspecific *** factors influenced growth of very common species,smaller tree-size classes and shade-tolerant *** concluded that the relative importance of variables driving patterns of tree growth varied greatly among tree size classes,shade tolerance and abundance classes in this temperate *** results provide critical information for future studies of forest dynamics and offer insight into forest management in this region.

关键词： forest dynamics plot habitat heterogeneity neighborhood effect old-growth Pinus koraiensis

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Changes in Electroencephalogram Approximate Entropy Reflect Auditory Processing and Functional Complexity in Frogs

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Asian Herpetological Research 2016年第3期7卷 180-190页

作者： Yansu LIU Yanzhu FAN Fei XUE Xizi YUE Steven E.BRAUTH Yezhong TANG Guangzhan FANG Sichuan Nursing Vocational College. No. 173 Longdu Nan Road Longquan district Chengdu Sichuan China College of Life Science Northwest Normal University. No. 967 Anning East Road Lanzhou Gansu China Chengdu Institute of Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences. No. 9 Section 4 Renmin Nan Road Chengdu Sichuan China Department of Psychology University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 USA

Brain systems engage in what are generally considered to be among the most complex forms of information processing. In the present study, we investigated the functional complexity of anuran auditory processing using the approximate entropy（Ap En） protocol for electroencephalogram（EEG） recordings from the forebrain and midbrain while male and female music frogs（Babina daunchina） listened to acoustic stimuli whose biological significance varied. The stimuli used were synthesized white noise（reflecting a novel signal）, conspecific male advertisement calls with either high or low sexual attractiveness（reflecting sexual selection） and silence（reflecting a baseline）. The results showed that 1） Ap En evoked by conspecific calls exceeded Ap En evoked by synthesized white noise in the left mesencephalon indicating this structure plays a critical role in processing acoustic signals with biological significance; 2） Ap En in the mesencephalon was significantly higher than for the telencephalon, consistent with the fact that the anuran midbrain contains a large well-organized auditory nucleus（torus semicircularis） while the forebrain does not; 3） for females Ap En in the mesencephalon was significantly different than that of males, suggesting that males and females process biological stimuli related to mate choice differently.

关键词： Complexity reflecting auditory evoked sexual silence calls advertisement engage approximate

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An anti-freezing biomineral hydrogel of high strain sensitivity for artificial skin applications

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Nano Research 2022年第7期15卷 6655-6661页

作者： Junda Shen Peng Du Binbin Zhou Guobin Zhang Xinxue Tang Jie Pan Bo Li Jingyang Zhang Jian Lu Yang Yang Li Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Centre(NPMM) City University of Hong KongKowloonHong Kong 999077China Department of Material Science and Engineering City University of Hong KongKowloonHong Kong 999077China Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films(COSDAF) City University of Hong KongKowloonHong Kong 999077China Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055China Center for Advanced Structural Materials City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research InstituteGreater Bay Joint DivisionShenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science8 Yuexing 1st RoadShenzhen Hi-Tech Industrial ParkNanshan DistrictShenzhen 518000China CityU-Shenzhen Futian Research Institute 3rd Binlang RoadShenzhen-Hong Kong International Science and Technology ParkFutian DistrictShenzhen 518000China

Mineral hydrogels have caught a lot of attention for their strong competency as artificial skin-like ***,it remains a great difficulty in fulfilling in one hydrogel system a range of key functionalities that are needed for practical artificial skin applications,i.e.,to be biocompatible,strain-sensitive,ion-conductive,elastic and robust,anti-swelling,and *** we present a such type of versatile hydrogel that is not only capable to deliver all the above-mentioned key functionalities but also highly *** novel hydrogel is constructed by introducing a gelatinous and amorphous multi-ionic biomineral(denoted as Mg-ACCP,containing Mg^(2+),Ca^(2+),CO_(3)^(2−),and PO_(4)^(3−))into the network of biocompatible polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)and sodium alginate(SA).The presence of Mg^(2+)and PO_(4)^(3−)in this hydrogel helps prohibit the crystallization of the biominerals,leading to significantly improved *** hydrogel thus obtained delivers excellent mechanical performance due to the chelation between the mineral ions and the organic matrix,and high sensitivity even to subtle pressure and strain applied,such as slight finger bending and gentle ***,the novel hydrogel features high ionic conductivity,high resistance to swelling,and extraordinary anti-freezing property,holding great promise for applications in different practical scenarios,particularly in aqueous or cold environments.

关键词： mineral hydrogel artificial skin biominerals mechanical performance

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Hardware-efficient quantum principal component analysis for medical image recognition

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Frontiers of physics 2024年第5期19卷 227-239页

作者： Zidong Lin Hongfeng Liu Kai Tang Yidai Liu Liangyu Che Xinyue Long Xiangyu Wang Yu-ang Fan Keyi Huang Xiaodong Yang Tao Xin Xinfang Nie Dawei Lu Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering and Department of Physics Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Department of Physics Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClearWaterBayKowloonHong KongChina International Quantum Academy Shenzhen 518055China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Quantum Science Center of Guangdong-HongKong-Macao Greater bay Area Shenzhen-HongKong International Science and Technology ParkNo.3 Binlang RoadFutian DistrictShenzhen 518045China

Principal component analysis(PCA)is a widely used tool in machine learning algorithms,but it can be computationally *** 2014,Lloyd,Mohseni&Rebentrost proposed a quantum PCA(qPCA)algorithm[***.10,631(2014)]that has not yet been experimentally demonstrated due to challenges in preparing multiple quantum state copies and implementing quantum phase *** this study,we presented a hardware-efficient approach for qPCA,utilizing an iterative approach that effectively resets the relevant qubits in a nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)quantum ***,we introduced a quantum scattering circuit that efficiently determines the eigenvalues and eigenvectors(principal components).As an important application of PCA,we focused on classifying thoracic CT images from COVID-19 patients and achieved high accuracy in image classification using the qPCA circuit implemented on the NMR *** experiment highlights the potential of near-term quantum devices to accelerate qPCA,opening up new avenues for practical applications of quantum machine learning algorithms.

关键词： quantum simulation quantum principal component analysis nuclear magnetic resonance

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