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High-probability ground motion simulation in Maduo County for the Maduo M7.4 earthquake in 2021: A possible supershear earthquake

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年

作者： Zongchao Li Zhiwei Ji Jize Sun Hiroe Miyake Yanna Zhao Hongjun Si Mengtan Gao Yi Ding institute of Geophysics， China earthquake Administration institute of earthquake Forecasting， China earthquake Administration Shenzhen Academy of Disaster Prevention and Reduction earthquake research institute， the university of tokyo Geophysical Exploration Center， China earthquake Administration Beijing university of Technology

On May 22， 2021， an Ms7.4 earthquake occurred in Maduo County， Qinghai Province， on the western plateau of China. The level of seismic monitoring in this area was inadequate， and incomplete seismic waveforms were obtained from a few broadband seismometers located within 300 km of the epicentre. All waveforms showed "truncation" phenomena. The waveforms of earthquakes can guide ground motion inputs in near-fault areas. This paper uses the empirical Green's function method to consider the uncertainties in source parameters and source rupture processes by synthesizing high-probability， accurate waveforms in Maduo County （MAD station） near the epicentre. The acceleration waveform at the DAW strong-motion station， located 176 km from the epicentre， is first synthesized with the observed waveform of the mainshock. This critical step not only provides a more accurate source and rupture model of the Maduo earthquake but also establishes an essential reference standard. Secondly， the inferred models are rigorously applied to synthesize the acceleration waveform of the MAD station， ensuring that the results maintain a high accuracy and probability. The findings suggest that （1） the simulated acceleration waveform for the MAD station can better characterize the actual ground motion characteristics of the Ms7.4 earthquake in Maduo County， with high accuracy and probability in peak ground acceleration （Abbreviated as PGA） ranges of 140–240 cm/s2and 350–390 cm/s2， respectively， and （2） the Ms7.4 earthquake did not undergo a complete supershear rupture process. The first asperity located on the east side of the epicentre is most likely to undergo supershear rupture. However， the Maduo earthquake may have been a complete subshear rupture. （3） The fault dislocation model of the three-asperity model better matches the actual source rupture process of the Maduo earthquake. This method can provide relatively accurate acceleration waveforms for regions with limited earthquake monitoring

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Experimental and numerical study of buckling-restrained braces configured with out-of-plane eccentricity under cyclic loading

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earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2024年第4期23卷 957-971页

作者： Cao, Yongsheng Zhou, Yun Takagi, Jiro Jiang, Ke Deng, Xuesong Fang, Xiaojun earthquake Engineering research & Test Center Guangzhou University Guangzhou China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of earthquake Engineering and Applied Technology Guangzhou China Key Laboratory of earthquake Resistance Earthquake Mitigation and Structural Safety Ministry of Education Guangzhou China School of Civil Engineering Guangzhou University Guangzhou China Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences Tokyo Metropolitan University Tokyo Japan Department of Civil and Natural Resources Engineering University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand

This study focuses on variations in the hysteretic behavior of buckling-restrained braces (BRBs) configured with or without out-of-plane eccentricity under cyclic loading. Quasi-static experiments and numerical simulations were carried out on concentrically and eccentrically loaded BRB specimens to investigate the mechanical properties, energy dissipation performance, stress distribution, and high-order deformation pattern. The experimental and numerical results showed that compared to the concentrically loaded BRBs, the stiffness, yield force, cumulated plastic ductility (CPD) coefficient, equivalent viscous damping coefficient and energy dissipation decreased, and the yield displacement and compression strength adjustment factor increased for the eccentrically loaded BRBs. With the existence of the out-of-plane eccentricity, the initial yield position changes from the yield segment to the junction between the yield segment and transition segment under a tensile load, while the initial high-order buckling pattern changes from a first-order C-shape to a second-order S-shape under a compressive load.

关键词： buckling-restrained brace out-of-plane eccentricity experiment numerical simulation mechanical properties

Segmental nature of the Red River fault revealed by seismic anisotropy and geological structures

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第8期67卷 2423-2443页

作者： Ying LI Yuan GAO School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Key Laboratory of earthquake Prediction Institute of Earthquake ForecastingChina Earthquake AdministrationBeijing 100036China

As the western boundary of the Sichuan-Yunnan block(SYB),the Red River fault(RRF)is a major fault that controls deep crustal movement and deformation in the southeast margin of the Tibetan Plateau and regulates middle-lower crustal *** data suggest that the RRF is segmented and exhibits distinct variations in seismicity,velocity structure and crustal deformation from north to *** anisotropy reveals a complex pattern of lateral spatial and vertical stratified distributions.(1)From the perspective of crustal stratification,in the upper crust,the fast wave polarization in the north segment of the RRF is complex and possibly influenced by the Sanjiang lateral collision zone and adjacent faults with varying *** fast wave polarization in the middle segment is in the NW-SE direction,indicating a localized area of closed down or locked up with consistent *** in the south segment,it presents a disordered pattern,signifying complex deep tectonics and stress conditions at the wedged intersection *** the middle-lower crust in the north and south segments of the RRF,the azimuthal anisotropy is strong and consistent with the spatial strike of the weak zone characterized by low-velocity and *** suggests a connection between the anisotropy and the material migration.(2)In the whole crustal scale,the fast wave directions in two sides of the RRF are consistent with the NW-SE tectonic *** indicates that the RRF,as a large fault potentially cutting through the whole crust,strongly controls the surrounding media.(3)In the lithospheric scale,the fast wave polarizations are oriented nearly E-W and independent of the fault strike,consistent with the low P-and S-wave velocity structures and positive radial anisotropy in the upper *** fast wave directions could be related to lithospheric olivine deformation and asthenospheric *** paper suggests a decoupling of deformation between the crust and the lithospheri

关键词： Red River fault Seismic anisotropy Geological structures Lithosphere Fault segmentation

Three dimensional velocity model and its tectonic implications at China Seismic Experimental Site,eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第7期67卷 2268-2290页

作者： Jianping WU Yan CAI Wei WANG Weilai WANG Changzai WANG Lihua FANG Yaning LIU Jing LIU institute of Geophysics China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing 100081China Beijing Baijiatuan Earth Science National Observation and research Station Beijing 1095China Beijing earthquake Agency Beijing 100080China

The China Seismic Experimental Site(CSES)is located at the intersection of the Tibetan Plateau,South China Block,and Indian Plate and has complex geological settings and intense crustal deformation,making it one of the most seismically active areas in Chinese mainland.A high-resolution,three-dimensional(3D)crust-mantle velocity structure is crucial for understanding seismotectonic environments,lithospheric deformation mechanisms,and deep dynamic *** first constructed a high-vertical-resolution 3D initial velocity model using the joint inversion of receiver functions and surface waves and then obtained a 3D P-and S-wave velocity model(CSES-VM1.0)with the highest lateral resolution of 0.25°for the CSES using double-difference *** to the limitations of the Sn observation data,the resolution of the S-wave velocity model in the lower crust and upper mantle was reduced,making it closer to the initial model provided by joint inversion.A comparison with explosive-source seismic data showed that the synthetic P-wave first-arrival travel times of the new model were closer to the observations than those of the previous velocity *** velocity cross-sections across the source areas of the 2022 Lushan MS6.1 and Ludian MS6.8 earthquakes reveal that the former earthquake occurred near a weak contact zone between the Tibetan Plateau and Sichuan Basin,and the rupture of the latter earthquake occurred in a granitic area,with the northern end blocked by rigid high-velocity bodies.A clear high-velocity anomaly zone is distributed along the western margin of the Yangtze Block,revealing the spatial distribution of Neoproterozoic intermediate-basic *** high-velocity zone significantly controls the morphology of fault zones and influences the rupture processes of major *** northeast-southwest and north-south trending high-velocity anomalies were found near Panzhihua,potentially related to Neoproterozoic and Middle-Late Permian intermediate

关键词： Eastern Tibetan Plateau China Seismic Experimental Site Yangtze Block Velocity model Double-difference tomography

Deep electrical structures of Qinzhou-Fangcheng Junction Zone in Guangxi and seismogenic environment of the 1936 Lingshan M6^(3/4)earthquake

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第2期67卷 584-603页

作者： Bin ZHOU Chunheng YAN Yan ZHAN Xiangyu SUN Sha LI Xiang WEN Yajun MO Yongdong YUAN Yuan YUAN Meili HUANG earthquake Agency of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Nanning530022China State Key Laboratory of earthquake Dynamics Institute of GeologyChina Earthquake AdministrationBeijing100029China Guangxi Geophysical Survey institute Liuzhou545005China

The tectonic position of the southwest section of the Qinzhou Bay-Hangzhou Bay Tectonic Junction Zone(QHTJZ)can be determined by examining the Qinzhou-Fangcheng Junction Zone(QFJZ)in *** zone is significant because it was the location of the largest earthquake ever recorded in the inland region of South China,specifically the 1936 Lingshan M6^(3/4)earthquake in ***,this region serves as an optimal location for researching the origins of intraplate earthquakes in South *** study presents a display of a broadband magnetotelluric(MT)prospecting profile that traverses the Guangxi QFJZ and the Lingshan earthquake zone,extending from the northwest(NW)to the southeast(SE).A resistivity structure model was generated using three-dimensional(3D)inversion technology along the *** main faults in QFJZ were analyzed in terms of their deep extension forms and tectonic *** analysis was performed by integrating the results obtained from geology,gravity,wave velocity ratio,Global Position System(GPS),and geothermal *** results showed that(1)the Dongzhong-Xiaodong fault(DXf),the eastern Fangcheng-Lingshan fault(FLf2),and the eastern Hepu-Beiliu fault(HBf2)were all trans-crustal deep faults,and crust-mantle ductile shear zones developed in the deep *** electrical boundary zones,DXf and HBf2,were *** inclined towards the northwest,while HBf2 inclined towards the *** FangchengLingshan fault(FLf)exhibits a tectonic style resembling a“flower”shape in the upper *** the deeper section,it is characterized by an electrical boundary zone that gradually slopes towards the southeast direction.(2)The Hunan-Guangxi Passive Continental Margin(HGPCM)on the NW side of DXf had a stratified resistivity structure and relatively stable Bouguer gravity anomalies,which conformed to the quasi-craton tectonic attribute of the local failure at the southeastern margin of the Yangtze Block(YB).The southeastern side of this bloc

关键词： South China Block Qinzhou-Fangcheng Junction Zone Magnetotelluric 1936 Lingshan M6^(3/4)earthquake Deep seismogenic environment

Seismic performance evaluation of water supply pipes installed in a full-scale RC frame structure based on a shaking table test

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earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2024年第1期23卷 163-178页

作者： Wu Houli Guo Endong Wang Jingyi Dai Xin Dai Chenxi Key Laboratory of earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration Institute of Engineering MechanicsChina Earthquake AdministrationHarbin 150080China Key Laboratory of earthquake Disaster Mitigation Ministry of Emergency ManagementHarbin 150080China

As an important part of nonstructural components,the seismic response of indoor water supply pipes deserves much *** paper presents shaking table test research on water supply pipes installed in a full-scale reinforced concrete(RC)frame *** material pipes and different methods for penetrating the reinforced concrete floors are combined to evaluate the difference in seismic *** response spectra and pipe acceleration amplification factors based on test data are discussed and compared with code provisions.A seismic fragility study of displacement demand is conducted based on numerical *** acceleration response and displacement response of different combinations are *** results show that the combination of different pipe materials and different passing-through methods can cause obvious differences in the seismic response of indoor riser pipes.

关键词： water supply pipe different materials shaking table test amplification factor seismic fragility

A tendon system to re-center steel moment frames with weak stories

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earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2024年第04期 1057-1072页

作者： Wang Tao Wang Fei Masayoshi Nakashima institute of Engineering Mechanics China Earthquake Administration Key Laboratory of earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration Institute of Engineering MechanicsChina Earthquake Administration Disaster Prevention research institute Kyoto University

A wide open bottom story of a frame building is often expected by owners for use as a garage or ***, this leads to weak stories due to abrupt changes in lateral stiffness and often results in unexpected story collapse as observed in many previous earthquakes. To retrofit frame buildings that have experienced weak story damage, a tendon system is proposed in this study, which consists of a set of swaying columns and tendons. The swaying columns are used to uniformly redistribute the lateral deformation along the height, while the tendons provide extra lateral stiffness and renders the entire structural system a re-centering capability. To avoid unnecessary forces to swaying columns, pin-connections are used at the bottom. Tendons are placed over the entire story to gain large elastic displacements. Parametric analysis reveals that the swaying column, with a stiffness of about 0.9 times that of the weak story, and the tendons attached at the roof, with a stiffness of 0.04 times that of the weak story, can provide the optimal performance with a maximum residual story drift angle of less than 0.5%. Online hybrid tests were carried out, which demonstrated that uniformly distributed story drifts and acceptable residual deformation could be achieved by the proposed tendon system.

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Probing the interseismic locking state of the Xianshuihe fault based on a viscoelastic deformation model

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第1期67卷 134-145页

作者： Yage ZHU Faqi DIAO Fei CHEN Yuebing WANG Zhigang SHAO Rongjiang WANG Xiong XIONG Hubei Subsurface Multi-Scale Imaging Key Laboratory School of Geophysics and GeomaticsChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China China earthquake Networks Center Beijing 100045China institute of earthquake Forecasting China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing 100036China

The interseismic locking state of tectonic faults is essential for regional seismic hazard ***,it is challenging to obtain this parameter reliably due to the weak deformation and complex model *** better probe the fault locking state,more reliable physical models and well-covered observations are *** we investigate the locking state of the Xianshuihe fault based on a new-developed viscoelastic deformation ***,we combine GPS velocities from 13 new near-field stations and existing stations in this region to improve the spatial *** to the theoretical predictions,our results indicate that the elastic model will clearly overestimate the fault locking depth and seismic moment accumulation rate,and the fault slip rate inferred from the elastic model is slightly lower than that from the viscoelastic *** on the locking distribution inferred from the viscoelastic model,we identify four potential asperities on the Xianshuihe *** importantly,we find a clear spatial correlation between the fault locking distribution and the rupture extent of historical earthquakes,which indicates that the fault locking state may control the rupture extent and thus the magnitude of *** addition,our results show that the 2022 M6.8 Luding earthquake only ruptured the south part of a potential asperity,and the accumulated energy in the northern unruptured area is equivalent to an Mw6.9 earthquake,where the seismic hazard deserves special attention.

关键词： Fault kinematics Viscoelastic relaxation effect GPS observations Seismic hazard The 2022 M6.8 Luding earthquake

Preliminary report of coseismic surface rupture(part)of Türkiye's M_(W)7.8 earthquake by remote sensing interpretation

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earthquake research Advances 2024年第1期4卷 4-13页

作者： Yali Guo Haofeng Li Peng Liang Renwei Xiong Chaozhong Hu Yueren Xu Key Laboratory of earthquake Prediction Institute of Earthquake ForecastingChina Earthquake AdministrationBeijing100036China

Both M_(W) 7.8 and M_(W) 7.5 earthquakes occurred in southeastern Türkiye on February 6,2023,resulting in numerous buildings collapsing and serious *** the distribution of coseismic surface ruptures and secondary disasters surrounding the epicentral area is important for post-earthquake emergency and disaster ***-resolution Maxar and GF-2 satellite data were used after the events to extract the location of the rupture surrounding the first epicentral *** results show that the length of the interpreted surface rupture zone(part of)is approximately 75 km,with a coseismic sinistral dislocation of 2-3 m near the epicenter;however,this reduced to zero at the tip of the southwest section of the East Anatolia Fault ***,dense soil liquefaction pits were triggered along the rupture *** events are in the western region of the Eurasian Seismic Belt and result from the subduction and collision of the Arabian and African Plates toward the Eurasian *** western region of the Chinese mainland and its adjacent areas are in the eastern section of the Eurasian Seismic Belt,where seismic activity is controlled by the collision of the Indian and Eurasian *** China and Türkiye have independent tectonic histories.

关键词： 2023 Türkiye M_(w)7.8 earthquake Coseismic surface rupture East anatolian fault zone Eurasian seismic zone Remote sensing interpretation