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The MW5.5 earthquake on August 6,2023,in Pingyuan,Shandong,China:A rupture on a buried fault

earthquake Science 2024年第1期37卷 1-12页

作者： Zhe Zhang Lisheng Xu Lihua Fang Institute of Geophysics China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing 100081China

On August 6,2023,a magnitude MW5.5 earthquake struck Pingyuan county,Dezhou City,Shandong Province,China.This event was significant as no large earthquakes had been recorded in the region for over a century,and no active fault had been previously identified.This study collects 1309 P-wave arrival times and 866 S-wave arrival times from 74 seismic stations less than 200 km to the epicenter to constrain the spatial distribution of the mainshock and its 125 early aftershocks by the double difference earthquake relocation method,and selects 864 P-waveforms from 288 stations located within 800 km of the epicenter to constrain the focal mechanism solution of the mainshock through centroid moment tensor inversion.The relocation and the inversion indicate,the Pingyuan MW5.5 earthquake was caused by a rupture on a buried fault,likely an extensive segment of the Gaotang fault.This buried fault exhibited a dip of approximately 75°to the northwest,with a strike of 222°,similar to the Gaotang fault.The rupture initiated at the depth of 18.6 km and propagated upward and northeastward.However,the ground surface was not broken.The total duration of the rupture was~6.0 s,releasing the scalar moment of 2.5895×1017 N·m,equivalent to MW5.54.The moment rate reached the maximum only 1.4 seconds after the rupture initiation,and the 90%scalar moment was released in the first 4.6 s.In the first 1.4 seconds of the rupture process,the rupture velocity was estimated to be 2.6 km/s,slower than the local S-wave velocity.As the rupture neared its end,the rupture velocity decreased significantly.This study provides valuable insights into the seismic characteristics of the Pingyuan MW5.5 earthquake,shedding light on the previously unidentified buried fault responsible for the seismic activity in the region.Understanding the behavior of such faults is crucial for assessing seismic hazards and enhancing earthquake preparedness in the future.

关键词： Shandong Pingyuan MW5.5 earthquake double-difference earthquake location centroid moment tensor inversion buried fault

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The amplification effect of PGA and the large-scale liquefaction-triggered mudflow during the December 18,2023 M 6.2 Jishishan earthquake in Gansu Province,China

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earthquake Research Advances 2024年第2期4卷 11-13页

作者： Lanmin Wang Shiyang Xu Key Laboratory of Loess earthquake Engineering of China earthquake administration&Gansu Province Lanzhou730000GansuChina Key Laboratory of earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration of China earthquake administration Institute of Engineering MechanicsChina earthquake administration Harbin150080HeilongjiangChina

At 23:59 on December 18, 2023, a strong earthquake (M 6.2) struck Jishishan county in Gansu province, China, which is situated in the transition zone between Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and the Loess Plateau.The focal depth is 10 km, and the epicenter (35.70°N and 102.79°E) is about 100 km southwest away from Lanzhou, the capital city of Gansu province. As of December 31, 2023, the earthquake has caused 151 people dead and 979 people wounded in Gansu and Qinghai.

关键词： Gansu southwest situated

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Ploidy and fruit trait variation in oil-tea Camellia: Implications for ploidy breeding

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第8期 2662-2673页

作者： Yanmin Li Liangjing Yin Xianyu He Cenlong Hu Ronghua Wu Qian Long Shixin Xiao Deyi Yuan Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees of Ministry of Education/Key Laboratory of Non-Wood Forest Products of State Forestry administration Central South University of Forestry and Technology Qiandongnan Institute of Forestry Dongfeng Forest Farm of Liping county

Plant polyploidy often occurs in conjunction with higher yield and superior quality. Therefore, obtaining polyploid germplasms is a significant part of breeding. The oil-tea Camellia tree is an important native woody plant that produces high-quality edible oil and includes many species of Camellia with different ploidies. However, whether higher ploidy levels in oil-tea Camellia trees are related to better traits remains unclear. In this study, the ploidy levels of 30 different oil-tea Camellia strains in three different species in the Sect. Paracamellia were determined by flow cytometry and chromosome preparation, and the phenotypic characteristics and fatty acid compositions of the fruits were examined by field observations and laboratory analyses. The correlations between the ploidy level of oil-tea Camellia and the main traits of the fruit were investigated. Our results showed that 10 Camellia lanceoleosa strains were diploid, 10 Camellia meiocarpa strains were tetraploid and 10 Camellia oleifera strains were hexaploid.Hexaploid C. oleifera had larger fruit size and weight, more seeds per fruit, greater seed weight per fruit, higher oil content and greater yield per crown width than tetraploid C. meiocarpa and diploid C. lanceoleosa, but their fruit peel thickness and fresh seed rate were significantly lower, and these traits were significantly correlated with ploidy level. In addition, in terms of fatty acid composition, hexaploid C. oleifera had a higher oleic acid content than tetraploid C. meiocarpa and diploid C. lanceoleosa, but their linoleic acid, linolenic acid and arachidonic acid contents were lower. The contents of palmitic acid, stearic acid and total unsaturated fatty acids were not significantly correlated with ploidy level. In conclusion, certain correlations exist between the main characteristics of oil-tea Camellia fruit and the ploidy level, and increasing the ploidy level led to an increase in fruit yield with no effect on oil composition. The discovery of variations in the main characteri

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Link between mutations in ACVRL1 and PLA2G4A genes and chronic intestinal ulcers:A case report and review of literature

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第3期16卷 932-943页

作者： Yong-Jing Tang Jian Zhang Jie Wang Ren-Dong Tian Wei-Wei Zhong Ben-Sheng Yao Bing-Yu Hou Ying-Hua Chen Wei He Yi-Huai He Department of Infectious Diseases The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyi 563000Guizhou ProvinceChina Department of Gastroenterology Dafang County People's HospitalBijie 551600Guizhou ProvinceChina Department of Internal Medicine Puchang BranchMedical CommunitySuiyang County People's HospitalZunyi 563300Guizhou ProvinceChina Department of Infectious Diseases Jingmen Central HospitalJingmen 448000Hubei ProvinceChina Department of Infectious Diseases Dafang County People's HospitalBijie 551600Guizhou ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Genetic factors of chronic intestinal ulcers are increasingly garnering attention.We present a case of chronic intestinal ulcers and bleeding associated with mu-tations of the activin A receptor type II-like 1(ACVRL1)and phospholipase A2 group IVA(PLA2G4A)genes and review the available relevant literature.CASE SUMMARY A 20-year-old man was admitted to our center with a 6-year history of recurrent abdominal pain,diarrhea,and dark stools.At the onset 6 years ago,the patient had received treatment at a local hospital for abdominal pain persisting for 7 d,under the diagnosis of diffuse peritonitis,acute gangrenous appendicitis with perforation,adhesive intestinal obstruction,and pelvic abscess.The surgical treat-ment included exploratory laparotomy,appendectomy,intestinal adhesiolysis,and pelvic abscess removal.The patient’s condition improved and he was dis-charged.However,the recurrent episodes of abdominal pain and passage of black stools started again one year after discharge.On the basis of these features and results of subsequent colonoscopy,the clinical diagnosis was established as in-flammatory bowel disease(IBD).Accordingly,aminosalicylic acid,immunotherapy,and related symptomatic treatment were administered,but the symptoms of the patient did not improve significantly.Further investigations revealed mutations in the ACVRL1 and PLA2G4A genes.ACVRL1 and PLA2G4A are involved in angiogenesis and coagulation,respectively.This suggests that the chronic intestinal ulcers and bleeding in this case may be linked to mutations in the ACVRL1 and PLA2G4A genes.Oral Kangfuxin liquid was administered to promote healing of the intestinal mucosa and effectively manage clinical symptoms.CONCLUSION Mutations in the ACVRL1 and PLA2G4A genes may be one of the causes of chronic intestinal ulcers and bleeding in IBD.Orally administered Kangfuxin liquid may have therapeutic potential.

关键词： Intestinal ulcers Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Activin A receptor type II-like 1 Phospholipase A2 group 4A Case report

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Three-dimensional(3D)parametric measurements of individual gravels in the Gobi region using point cloud technique

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第4期16卷 500-517页

作者： JING Xiangyu HUANG Weiyi KAN Jiangming College of Engineering Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Key Laboratory of State Forestry administration on Forestry Equipment and Automation Beijing 100083China

Gobi spans a large area of China,surpassing the combined expanse of mobile dunes and semi-fixed dunes.Its presence significantly influences the movement of sand and dust.However,the complex origins and diverse materials constituting the Gobi result in notable differences in saltation processes across various Gobi surfaces.It is challenging to describe these processes according to a uniform morphology.Therefore,it becomes imperative to articulate surface characteristics through parameters such as the three-dimensional(3D)size and shape of gravel.Collecting morphology information for Gobi gravels is essential for studying its genesis and sand saltation.To enhance the efficiency and information yield of gravel parameter measurements,this study conducted field experiments in the Gobi region across Dunhuang City,Guazhou county,and Yumen City(administrated by Jiuquan City),Gansu Province,China in March 2023.A research framework and methodology for measuring 3D parameters of gravel using point cloud were developed,alongside improved calculation formulas for 3D parameters including gravel grain size,volume,flatness,roundness,sphericity,and equivalent grain size.Leveraging multi-view geometry technology for 3D reconstruction allowed for establishing an optimal data acquisition scheme characterized by high point cloud reconstruction efficiency and clear quality.Additionally,the proposed methodology incorporated point cloud clustering,segmentation,and filtering techniques to isolate individual gravel point clouds.Advanced point cloud algorithms,including the Oriented Bounding Box(OBB),point cloud slicing method,and point cloud triangulation,were then deployed to calculate the 3D parameters of individual gravels.These systematic processes allow precise and detailed characterization of individual gravels.For gravel grain size and volume,the correlation coefficients between point cloud and manual measurements all exceeded 0.9000,confirming the feasibility of the proposed methodology for measuring 3D parameters of individual gr

关键词： Gobi gravels three-dimensional(3D)parameters point cloud 3D reconstruction Random Sample Consensus(RANSAC)algorithm Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise(DBSCAN)

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Investigation and analysis of leveling deformation anomaly at daixian station in Shanxi

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2017年第2期8卷 130-135页

作者： Xiuwen Wang earthquake administration of Shanxi Province Taiyuan 030021 China State Key Observatory of Shanxi Rift System Taiyuan 030025 China earthquake administration of daixian county Daixian 034200 China

The leveling measurements at daixian station appeared increasing trend since March 25, 2013, which is credible, showing normal fault activity. According to the environmental survey, it contains some interference factors： first, the wind is big when the leveling measures in the afternoon, which has certain influence on the measurement results, but the impact is random and should be near the base value and not appear a trend. Second, the point BM3 was maintained during Sep. to Oct. in 2012 and occurred cracks in 2013, showing that the poor stability around the point. In addition, the change of recorded program is only to change the way of data record and can not affect the observation results during the same period.

关键词： daixian station in Shanxi Leveling measurement Anomaly Investigation

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Synthetic aperture radar interferometry—based coseismic deformation and slip distribution of the 2022 Menyuan MS6.9 earthquake in Qinghai,China

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2023年第6期14卷 541-550页

作者： Qiang Zhao Fengyun Jiang Liangyu Zhu Jing Xu The Second Monitoring and Application Center of China earthquake administration Xi'an 713700China

On January 8,2022,a 6.9 magnitude earthquake occurred in Menyuan county,Qinghai Province,with the epicenter located at the intersection of the Tuolaishan Fault and the Lenglongling Fault,which are part of the Qilian—Haiyuan fault zone.This study investigated the sliding characteristics and seismic mechanism of the earthquake to understand the activity and seismic risk of the fault on the northeastern margin of the Qinghai—Tibet Plateau.This paper analyzed Sentinel-1 synthetic aperture radar images to obtain the coseismic deformation field of the earthquake,which was then used to invert the slip distribution of the seismogenic fault and the coseismic Coulomb stress on the surrounding faults caused by the earthquake.It was found that the earthquake was primarily characterized by sinistral strike-slip movement.Along the satellite line of sight,the south wall of the fault had a maximum deformation of 0.62 m,and the north wall had a maximum deformation of 0.48 m.The coseismic slip distribution results indicated that the maximum slip of the earthquake was 4.51 m,and the moment magnitude was MW6.7.The Coulomb stress analysis showed that the 2016 Menyuan earthquake promoted the occurrence of the 2022Menyuan earthquake.

关键词： Geodesy Coseismic deformation InSAR technology Inversion Coulomb stress Lenglongling fault Fault movement Menyuan earthquake

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Vertical deformation before and after the 2022 Menyuan Ms6.9 earthquake and analysis of earthquake precursors

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2023年第6期14卷 582-588页

作者： Sixin Zhang Peng Jia Bowen Hou Ming Hao The Second Monitoring and Application Center China Earthquake AdministrationXi'an 710054China

This study analyzed the vertical deformation before and after the 2022 Menyuan Ms6.9 earthquake in Qinghai Province,China,using leveling profiles across faults measured from Minle county in Gansu Province to Menyuan county in Qinghai Province.Our results suggest the following:(1)The amplitude of regional vertical differential motion near the Sunna-Qilian and Lenglongling faults within the Qilian Shan increased before the 2022 Menyuan earthquake.It was accompanied by the emergence of high gradient deformation zones.Deformation at the Tongziba cross-fault leveling site near the Sunan-Qilian fault was considerable.In contrast,deformation at the Daliang cross-fault leveling site near the stepover region(adjacent to the epicenter)between the Lenglongling and Tuolaishan faults was minor.After 2018,vertical deformation at the Tongziba site notably accelerated,while that at the Daliang site was insignificant.(2)After the 2022 Menyuan earthquake,140—150 mm of subsidence deformation occurred near the Daliang site,while the Tongziba site did not experience significant deformation.(3)Vertical deformation before and after the 2022 Menyuan earthquake conforms with the elastic-rebound theory,and the evolution of pre-earthquake deformation was consistent with the strike-slip fault deformation pattern at different seismogenic stages,i.e.,the relative motion near the locked fault in the late seismogenic stage gradually weakened.The characteristics of strain accumulation and release derived from the vertical deformation before and after the Menyuan MS6.9 earthquake help understand the deformation process of earthquake preparation and earthquake precursors.

关键词： 2022 Menyuan earthquake 2016 Menyuan earthquake Leveling Vertical deformation Elastic rebound

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Source rupture characteristics of the September 5,2022 Luding M_(S)6.8 earthquake at the Xianshuihe fault zone in southwest China

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earthquake Research Advances 2023年第2期3卷 8-14页

作者： Guohui Li Anjian Wang Yuan Gao Key Laboratory of earthquake Prediction Institute of Earthquake ForecastingChina Earthquake AdministrationBeijing100036China

On September 5,2022,at Beijing time 12:52 p.m.,an M_(S)6.8 earthquake struck Luding county,GarzêTibetan Autonomous Prefecture,Sichuan Province.The epicenter of the earthquake was at the intersection of the Sichuan-Yunnan,Bayankala,and South China blocks.The tectonic background is extremely complex,and strong earthquakes occur frequently.Based on a predetermined focal location and focal mechanism solution for the earthquake,we reversed the focal depth and rupture process of the earthquake by fitting the teleseismic P and SH waves recorded by the global seismic network.The results show that the focal depth is 16 km,with the main rupture having a length of about 45 km near the epicenter,with a maximum displacement of 1.02 m.Although the rupture mainly propagates from the north–northwest(NNW)to the south–southeast(SSE)along the fault strike,there is a small-scale rupture slip zone at shallow depths in the north–northeast(NNE)direction along the epicenter of the seismogenic fault.This rupture image corresponds to the cluster distribution of aftershocks in the NNW and SSE directions starting from the epicenter,corresponding to the distribution of recorded landslides.The earthquake occurred on the Moxi fault,located in the southeastern section of the Xianshuihe fault.The major tectonic feature in this area is the southeastward movement of the Chuandian block relative to the Bayanhar block.

关键词： Luding M_(S)6.8 earthquake Rupture process Xianshuihe fault Southeastern margin Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

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An accessible strong-motion dataset(PGA,PGV,and site v_(S30))of 2022 M_(S)6.8 Luding,China earthquake

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地震学报:英文版 2023年第4期36卷 309-315页

作者： Jian Zhou Nan Xi Chuanchuan Kang Li Li Kun Chen Xin Tian Chao Wang Jifeng Tian Institute of Geophysics China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing 100081China China earthquake Networks Center Beijing 100045China Sichuan earthquake Agency Chengdu 610041China

A M_(S)6.8 earthquake occurred on 5th September 2022 in Luding county,Sichuan,China,at 12:52 Beijing Time(4:52 UTC).We complied a dataset of PGA,PGV,and site vS30 of 73 accelerometers and 791 Micro-Electro-Mechanical System(MEMS)sensors within 300 km of the epicenter.The inferred v_(S30)of 820 recording sites were validated.The study results show that:(1)The maximum horizontal PGA and PGV reaches 634.1 Gal and 71.1 cm/s respectively.(2)Over 80%of records are from soil sites.(3)The v_(S30)proxy model of Zhou J et al.(2022)is superior than that of Wald and Allen(2007)and performs well in the study area.The dataset was compiled in a flat file that consists the information of strong-motion instruments,the strong-motion records,and the v_(S30)of the recording sites.The dataset is available at https://***.

关键词： Luding earthquake PGA PGV v_(S30) Data

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