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The MW5.5 earthquake on August 6,2023,in Pingyuan,Shandong,China:A rupture on a buried fault

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earthquake Science 2024年第1期37卷 1-12页

作者： Zhe Zhang Lisheng Xu Lihua Fang Institute of Geophysics China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing 100081China

On August 6,2023,a magnitude MW5.5 earthquake struck Pingyuan county,Dezhou City,Shandong Province,*** event was significant as no large earthquakes had been recorded in the region for over a century,and no active fault had been previously *** study collects 1309 P-wave arrival times and 866 S-wave arrival times from 74 seismic stations less than 200 km to the epicenter to constrain the spatial distribution of the mainshock and its 125 early aftershocks by the double difference earthquake relocation method,and selects 864 P-waveforms from 288 stations located within 800 km of the epicenter to constrain the focal mechanism solution of the mainshock through centroid moment tensor *** relocation and the inversion indicate,the Pingyuan MW5.5 earthquake was caused by a rupture on a buried fault,likely an extensive segment of the Gaotang *** buried fault exhibited a dip of approximately 75°to the northwest,with a strike of 222°,similar to the Gaotang *** rupture initiated at the depth of 18.6 km and propagated upward and ***,the ground surface was not *** total duration of the rupture was~6.0 s,releasing the scalar moment of 2.5895×1017 N·m,equivalent to *** moment rate reached the maximum only 1.4 seconds after the rupture initiation,and the 90%scalar moment was released in the first 4.6 *** the first 1.4 seconds of the rupture process,the rupture velocity was estimated to be 2.6 km/s,slower than the local S-wave *** the rupture neared its end,the rupture velocity decreased *** study provides valuable insights into the seismic characteristics of the Pingyuan MW5.5 earthquake,shedding light on the previously unidentified buried fault responsible for the seismic activity in the *** the behavior of such faults is crucial for assessing seismic hazards and enhancing earthquake preparedness in the future.

关键词： Shandong Pingyuan MW5.5 earthquake double-difference earthquake location centroid moment tensor inversion buried fault

The amplification effect of PGA and the large-scale liquefaction-triggered mudflow during the December 18,2023 M 6.2 Jishishan earthquake in Gansu Province,China

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earthquake Research Advances 2024年第2期4卷 11-13页

作者： Lanmin Wang Shiyang Xu Key Laboratory of Loess earthquake Engineering of China earthquake administration&Gansu Province Lanzhou730000GansuChina Key Laboratory of earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration of China earthquake administration Institute of Engineering MechanicsChina earthquake administration Harbin150080HeilongjiangChina

At 23:59 on December 18, 2023, a strong earthquake (M 6.2) struck Jishishan county in Gansu province, China, which is situated in the transition zone between Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and the Loess *** focal depth is 10 km, and the epicenter (35.70°N and 102.79°E) is about 100 km southwest away from Lanzhou, the capital city of Gansu province. As of December 31, 2023, the earthquake has caused 151 people dead and 979 people wounded in Gansu and Qinghai.

关键词： Gansu southwest situated

An accessible strong-motion dataset(PGA,PGV,and site v_(S30))of 2022 M_(S)6.8 Luding,China earthquake

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earthquake Science 2023年第4期36卷 309-315页

作者： Jian Zhou Nan Xi Chuanchuan Kang Li Li Kun Chen Xin Tian Chao Wang Jifeng Tian Institute of Geophysics China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing 100081China China earthquake Networks Center Beijing 100045China Sichuan earthquake Agency Chengdu 610041China

A M_(S)6.8 earthquake occurred on 5th September 2022 in Luding county,Sichuan,China,at 12:52 Beijing Time(4:52 UTC).We complied a dataset of PGA,PGV,and site vS30 of 73 accelerometers and 791 Micro-Electro-Mechanical System(MEMS)sensors within 300 km of the *** inferred v_(S30)of 820 recording sites were *** study results show that:(1)The maximum horizontal PGA and PGV reaches 634.1 Gal and 71.1 cm/s respectively.(2)Over 80%of records are from soil sites.(3)The v_(S30)proxy model of Zhou J et al.(2022)is superior than that of Wald and Allen(2007)and performs well in the study *** dataset was compiled in a flat file that consists the information of strong-motion instruments,the strong-motion records,and the v_(S30)of the recording *** dataset is available at https://***.

关键词： Luding earthquake PGA PGV v_(S30) Data

Textual research of Wudu earthquake in 186 B.C. in Gansu Province, China and discussion on its causative structure

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Acta Seismologica Sinica(English Edition) 2007年第6期20卷 696-707页

作者：袁道阳雷中生何文贵熊振葛伟鹏刘兴旺刘百篪 Lanzhou Institute of Seismology China Earthquake Administration earthquake administration of Jiangsu Province

On the basis of the textual research on the historical earthquake data and the field investigation of Wudu earthquake occurred in 186 B.C., we suggest that the earthquake parameters drawn from the present earthquake catalogs are not definite and amendments should be made. The heavily-damaged area of this earthquake should be located between Jugan township of Wudu county and Pingding township of Zhouqu county. Its epicenter should be in the vicinity of Lianghekou in Wudu county with a magnitude of about 7-7 1/4 and an intensity of about IX-X. The major axis direction of the heavily-damaged area should be in the WNW direction that is approximately consistent with the strike of the middle-east segment of Diebu-Bailongjiang active fault zone, and the origin time should match up to that of the latest paleoearthquake event [before （83±46） B.C.] obtained by the trench investigation. Certain seismic rupture evidences are still preserved on this fault segment. Therefore, we propose on the basis of comprehensive analysis that the causative structure of the M 7-7 1/4 Wudu earthquake in 186 B.C. should be in the middle-east segment of Diebu-Bailongjiang active fault zone.

关键词： Wudu earthquake in 186 B.C. textual research of historical earthquake causative structure Diebn-Bailongjiang fault zone

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Focal Depth Determination of the 2014 Yutian M_S7.3 earthquake Sequence,Xinjiang

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earthquake Research in China 2014年第4期28卷 448-461页

作者： Song Xiuqing Miao Fajun Liu Shuangqing Chen Xiangjun Wang Jun Zhu Yuanqing earthquake administration of Shanghai Municipality earthquake administration of Jiangsu Province earthquake administration of Tianjin Municipality earthquake administration of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

An M_S7.3 earthquake occurred on February 12,2014 in Yutian county,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,which was followed by a series of aftershocks. This paper calculates the depth of the M_S7.3 earthquake sequence by using the deterministic approach with the seismic phase data from the catalog database of the China earthquake Networks Center,combined with original seismic wave records from the Digital Seismic Network Center of the earthquake administration of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.

关键词： Focal depth Crustal velocity model Seismic sequence PTD method

Characteristics, causation, and rehabilitation of Zhouqu extraordinarily serious debris flows in 2010, China

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Journal of Central South University 2013年第8期20卷 2342-2348页

作者： WANG Lan-min WU Zhi-jian WANG Ping CHEN Tuo Lanzhou Institute of Seismology China Earthquake Administration Lanzhou 730000 China Key laboratory of Loess earthquake Engineering (China earthquake administration) Lanzhou 730000 China Geotechnical Disaster Prevention Engineering Technology Research Center of Gansu Province Lanzhou 730000 China State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering (Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences) Lanzhou 730000 China

In early morning of Aug 8th, 2010, the rain-triggered tremendous debris flows broke out simultaneously at the Sanyanyu ravine and Luojiayu ravine, which locate in the north part of Zhouqu county town. The debris flow is the most severe event of the same kind of disasters in the past sixty years in China, which caused great losses of people's lives and properties. Based on field investigation, remote sensing image interpretation and analysis of local climatological data, the local topographical conditions, active tectonic movement, massive debris source and torrential rains were the main formation causes which induced the catastrophic debris flows. Moreover, detailed geological surveys were carried out following the disaster, the other geological potential hazard sites were found out, and the geological and seismic hazard assessment has been put into practice. At last, scientific and appropriate countermeasures have been suggested to prevent and mitigate the extraordinarily serious debris flow.

关键词： debris flows hazard assessment geological survey Zhouqu county

Three-dimensional velocity structure around the focal area of the 2021 MS6.4 Yangbi earthquake

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earthquake Science 2021年第5期34卷 399-412页

作者： Yunpeng Zhang Weitao Wang Wei Yang Min Liu Jinbo Su Xiaobin Li Jun Yang Institute of Geophysics China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory of earthquake Source Physics China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing 100081China China University of Geosciences(Beijing) Beijing 100083China Urumqi Institute of Central Asian Seismology China Earthquake AdministrationUrumqi 830011China Dali Center China Seismic Experimental SiteDali 671000China

On May 21,2021,an MS6.4 earthquake occurred in Yangbi,Yunnan province,China,which exhibited typical foreshock-mainshock-aftershock *** better understand the velocity structure of the focal area and adjacent fault zones,Pg/Sg travel times at 12 seismic stations for the local earthquakes with ML≥1.5 from 2009-2019 and the Yangbi sequence in May of 2021 were used to invert the three-dimensional(3D)structures for both vP and v_(P)/v_(S).The obtained structure extends deeply to 15 km for area(25°N-26.5°N,99.5°E-101°E)at a horizontal resolution of 10×10 km,and the accuracy of the v_(P) velocity was verified using airgun signals excited by the binchuan Airgun Transmitting Seismic Station(BATSS).The resulting v_(P) and v^(P)/v_(S) images correlate with existing fault zones and the Yangbi sequence,including:(1)The shallow velocity structure at 0 km agrees with local topography,where the binchuan basin exhibits low-v_(P) and high-v_(P)/v_(S) *** 3-15 km,v_(P) and v_(P)/v_(S) show variations,and the boundaries are consistent with the main faults(e.g.,the Weixi-Qiaohou-Weishan,Honghe,and Chenghai faults).(2)The largest foreshock(M_(S)5.6),main-shock(MS6.4),and largest aftershock(M_(S)5.2)occurred near the boundaries where both vP and v_(P)/v_(S) have clear contrasts.(3)Small earthquakes are also concentrated in the transition zone between high-and low-vP and v_(P)/v_(S) anomalies,and are biased toward low-v_(P)/v_(S) zones.(4)Boundaries in v_(P) and v_(P)/v_(S) are observed at 20 km west of the Weixi-Qiaohou-Weishan fault,indicating that there may exist one hidden fault.

关键词： MS6.4 Yangbi earthquake Honghe fault Weixi-Qiaohou-Weishan fault body wave tomography air-gun source.

Gravity change observed in a local gravity network and its implication to seasonal precipitation in Dali county, Yunnan province, China

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earthquake Science 2014年第1期27卷 79-88页

作者： Xin Zhou Wenke Sun Hui Li Shuhei Okubo Shaoan Sun Lelin Xing Dongzhi Liu Chongyang Shen Laboratory of Computational Geodynamics University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Seismology China Earthquake Administration earthquake Research Institute The University of Tokyo

This study investigates data-processing methods and examines the precipitation effect on gravity measurements at the Dali gravity network, established in 2005. High-quality gravity data were collected during four measurement campaigns. To use the gravity data validly, some geophysical corrections must be considered carefully. We first discuss data-processing methods using weighted least- squares adjustment with the constraint of the absolute gravity datum. Results indicate that the gravity precision can be improved if all absolute gravity data are used as constraints and if calibration functions of relative gravi- meters are modeled within the observation function. Using this data-processing scheme, the mean point gravity pre- cision is better than 12 μgal. After determining the best data-processing scheme, we then process the gravity data obtained in the four measurement campaigns, and obtain gravity changes in three time periods. Results show that the gravity has a remarkable change of more than 50 pgal in the first time period from Apr-May of 2005 to Aug-Sept of 2007. To interpret the large gravity change, a mean water mass change （0.6 m in height） is assumed in the ETOPO1 topographic model. Calculations of the precipitation effect on gravity show that it can reach the same order of the observed gravity change. It is regarded as a main source of the remarkable gravity change in the Dali gravity network, suggesting that the precipitation effect on gravity mea- surements must be considered carefully.

关键词： Gravity network Gravity change Gravity datum Weighted constraint Precipitationeffect

Relocation of the 10 March 2011 Yingjiang,China,earthquake sequence and its tectonic implications

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earthquake Science 2012年第1期25卷 103-110页

作者： Jianshe Lei Guangwei Zhang Furen Xie Yuan Li Youjin Su Lifang Liu Honghu Ma Junwei Zhang Key Laboratory of Crustal Dynamics Institute of Crustal DynamicsChina Earthquake AdministrationBeijing 100085China earthquake administration of Yunnan Province Kunming 650224China

An earthquake with Ms5.8 occurred on 10 March 2011 in Yingjiang county, western Yunnan, China. This earthquake caused 25 deaths and over 250 injuries. In order to better understand the seismotectonics in the region, we collected the arrival time data from the Yunnan seismic observational bulletins during 1 January to 25 March 2011, and precisely hand-picked the arrival times from high-quality seismograms that were recorded by the temporary seismic stations deployed by our Institute of Crustal Dynamics, China earthquake administration. Using these arrival times, we relocated all the earthquakes including the Yingjiang mainshock and its aftershocks using the double-difference relocation algorithm. Our results show that the relocated earthquakes dominantly occurred along the ENE direction and formed an upside-down bow-shaped structure in depth. It is also observed that after the Yingjiang mainshock, some aftershocks extended toward the SSE over about 10 km. These results may indicate that the Yingjiang mainshock ruptured a conjugate fault system consisting of the ENE trending Da Yingjiang fault and a SSE trending blind fault. Such structural features could contribute to severely seismic hazards during the moderate-size Yingjiang earthquake.

关键词： Yingjiang earthquake relocation double-difference algorithm Da Yingjiang fault