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Impact of climate change on food security in the Central Asian countries

Science China earth Sciences 2024年第1期67卷 268-280页

作者： Fang SU Yu LIU Lvfan CHEN Rustam OROZBAEV Liangcheng TAN School of economics and Management Northwest UniversityXi’an 710127China School of economics and Management Shaanxi University of Science and TechnologyXi’an 710021China State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710061China Institute of Geology National Academy of Sciences of Kyrgyz RepublicBishkek 720040Kyrgyzstan Institute of Global Environmental Change Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

The current and potential impacts of global warming have generated widespread concerns about food security among all sectors of *** Asian countries located deep in the interior of Asia with fragile ecological environments and lower agricultural technology are particularly more prone to severe threats from climate *** on panel data acquired in five Central Asian countries from 1990 to 2019,a C-D-C model was developed to study how climate change affects food security in the region and to predict future *** study found that the level of food security has generally increased for these five Central Asian countries over the past 30 years,with Kazakhstan and Tajikistan having the highest and lowest food security levels,*** average annual temperature and precipitation exhibit an inverted U-shaped relationship with the region’s food security,with the most positive effect on the food security of *** high and low temperatures have significantly affected food security in the studied region,with Turkmenistan experiencing the most significant negative *** number of frost days had no significant effect on food *** analysis of future climate showed that the temperature and precipitation in Central Asia will continue to increase from 2030 to 2090,which will negatively impact the food security of these *** is recommended that the Central Asian countries enhance their understanding of climate risks,strengthen scientific climate research,and develop multiple adaptation strategies in ***,they are encouraged to consolidate international cooperation,reducing greenhouse gas emissions effectively and maintaining the ability to ensure food security.

关键词： Global warming Extreme climate Food security Future forecasts Five Central Asian countries

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Spatial Heterogeneity of Embedded Water Consumption from the Perspective of Virtual Water Surplus and Deficit in the Yellow River Basin,China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2024年第2期34卷 311-326页

作者： MA Weijing LI Xiangjie KOU Jingwen LI Chengyi College of earth and Environmental Sciences Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering College of Water Resource and HydropowerSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China School of economics and Management Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China

Virtual water trade(VWT)provides a new perspective for alleviating water crisis and has thus attracted widespread ***,the heterogeneity of virtual water trade inside and outside the river basin and its influencing factors remains further *** this study,for better investigating the pattern and heterogeneity of virtual water trade inside and outside provincial regions along the Yellow River Basin in 2015 using the input-output model(MRIO),we proposed two new concepts,i.e.,virtual water surplus and virtual water deficit,and then used the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index(LMDI)model to identify the inherent mechanism of the imbalance of virtual water trade between provincial regions along the Yellow River Basin and the other four regions in *** results show that:1)in provincial regions along the Yellow River Basin,the less developed the economy was,the larger the contribution of the agricultural sector in virtual water trade,while the smaller the contribution of the industrial sector.2)Due to the large output of agricultural products,the upstream and midstream provincial regions of the Yellow River Basin had a virtual water surplus,with a net outflow of virtual water of 2.7×10^(8) m^(3) and 0.9×10^(8) m^(3),respectively.3)provincial regions along the Yellow River Basin were in a virtual water deficit with the rest of China,and the decisive factor was the active degree of trade with the *** study would be beneficial to illuminate the trade-related water use issues in provincial regions along the Yellow River Basin,which has farreaching practical signific-ance for alleviating water scarcity.

关键词： virtual water trade(VWT) input-output model(MRIO) virtual water surplus virtual water deficit Yellow River Basin,China

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An Intelligent Sensor Data Preprocessing Method for OCT Fundus Image Watermarking Using an RCNN

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第2期138卷 1549-1561页

作者： Jialun Lin Qiong Chen College of Biomedical Information and Engineering Hainan Medical UniversityHaikou571199China TJ-YZ School of Network Science Haikou University of EconomicsHaikou571127China Department of earth System Science Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth SystemModelingInstitute forGlobal Change StudiesTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China

Watermarks can provide reliable and secure copyright protection for optical coherence tomography(OCT)fundus *** effective image segmentation is helpful for promoting OCT image ***,OCT images have a large amount of low-quality data,which seriously affects the performance of ***,this paper proposes an effective segmentation method for OCT fundus image watermarking using a rough convolutional neural network(RCNN).First,the rough-set-based feature discretization module is designed to preprocess the input ***,a dual attention mechanism for feature channels and spatial regions in the CNN is added to enable the model to adaptively select important information for ***,the refinement module for enhancing the extraction power of multi-scale information is added to improve the edge accuracy in *** is compared with CE-Net and MultiResUNet on 83 gold standard 3D retinal OCT data *** average dice similarly coefficient(DSC)obtained by RCNN is 6%higher than that of *** average 95 percent Hausdorff distance(95HD)and average symmetric surface distance(ASD)obtained by RCNN are 32.4%and 33.3%lower than those of MultiResUNet,*** also evaluate the effect of feature discretization,as well as analyze the initial learning rate of RCNN and conduct ablation experiments with the four different *** experimental results indicate that our method can improve the segmentation accuracy of OCT fundus images,providing strong support for its application in medical image watermarking.

关键词： Watermarks image segmentation rough convolutional neural network attentionmechanism feature discretization

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'Partly'globalized networks and driving mechanism in resource-based state-owned enterprises:A case study of J Group

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地理学与可持续性（英文） 2024年第1期5卷 77-88页

作者： Jing Xu Yongchun Yang Yongjiao Zhang Shan Man College of earth and Environmental Sciences Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China College of earth and Environmental Sciences Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of ChinaLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China School of economics Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

In the context of economic globalization,while multinational enterprises from developed countries occupy a high-end position in the global value chain,enterprises from developing countries are often marginalized in the world *** China,resource-based state-owned enterprises(SOEs)are tasked with the mission of safeguarding resource security,and their internationalization development ideas and strategic deployment are significantly and fundamentally different from those of other non-state-owned enterprises and large multinational *** study provides ideas for the globalization policies of enterprises in developing *** consider J Group in western China as a case and discuss its productive investment and global production network development from 2010 to *** found that J Group was'partly'globalized,and there are multiple core nodes with the characteristics of centralized and decentralized coexistence in the production network;in addition,the overall layout centre shifted to Southeast Asia and China;however,its global production was restricted by the enterprise's investment security considerations,support and restrictions of the home country,political security risk of the host country,and sanctions from the *** findings provide insights for future research:under the wave of anti-globalization and'internal circulation as the main body',resource SOEs should consider the potential risk of investment,especially keeping the middle and downstream industrial chain in China as much as possible.

关键词： Global production networks Global value chain Productive investment Resource SOEs J Group ‘Partly’ globalized

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Community-Level Practice Checklists for Health Protection During Cold Spells in China

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China CDC weekly 2024年第5期6卷 83-87页

作者： Jing Shang Mengzhen Zhao Zhao Liu Xiya Zhang Shiguang Miao Ishaq D.Sulaymon Wenjia Cai Institute of Urban Meteorology CMABeijingChina School of Management and economics Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijingChina School of Airport economics and Management Beijing Institute of Economics and ManagementBeijingChina Department of earth System Science Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina Sand and Dust Storm Warning Regional Center National Center for MeteorologyJeddahSaudi Arabia Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment TechnologySchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing CityJiangsu ProvinceChina

Communities play a crucial role in protecting the health of vulnerable populations such as the elderly,low-income groups,and high-risk individuals during cold ***,current strategies for responding to cold spells primarily consist of programmatic policies that lack practicality,specificity,and detailed implementation guidelines for community ***,this study aims to identify and analyze the challenges faced by communities in responding to cold spells,review international experiences,and develop a set of practical checklists for community-level health *** checklists will assist community workers and volunteers in effectively preparing for,responding to,and recovering from cold spells.

关键词： preparing income primarily

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A justice and innovative way ahead of consumption-based emission accounting approach

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Science China earth Sciences 2024年第9期67卷 2999-3010页

作者： Qun SHEN Hongbo DUAN Yun TANG Linbing TANG Li SHANG Xinyu DOU Wei WEI Weiqiang CHEN Zhu LIU State Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Catalysis and Carbon Dioxide Utilization CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science &EngineeringShanghai Advanced Research InstituteChinese Academy of Sciences School of economics & Management University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of Sciences Department of earth System Science Tsinghua Univesity

Carbon emission accounting is an important basis for global climate governance. Based on the consumption-based accounting(CBA) method, the characteristics of carbon flow between national, regional, and product processes could be more clearly reflected. Therefore, CBA is more conducive to clarifying the attribution of responsibilities between producers and consumers, with the principles of fairness and justice. By accounting for carbon emissions in typical countries from 1990 to 2019, we found that the CBA emissions are higher than the production-based accounting(PBA) emissions in major developed countries, while the results are reversed for developing countries. In the past 30 years, the CBA emissions in targeted developed countries generally have shown a downward trend, while in developing countries, they have shown an upward trend. CBA emissions in China have shown a continuous growth trend from 1990 to 2019, but the pace has slowed down significantly over the last decade. Meanwhile, the embodied carbon intensity of China's exports continues to decline, indicating that China is providing more green and low-carbon products to the world. Taking the PV industry as an example, this study further reveals the contribution of specific product industries to the country's carbon transfer through product carbon footprint analysis. In order to provide a scientific basis for global mitigation and climate governance, it is urgent to innovate a scientific, practical, and standardized CBA technology system.

关键词： Consumption-based accounting Production-based accounting Carbon transfer Carbon footprint

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Assessment of climate damage in China based on integrated assessment framework

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第1期15卷 124-133页

作者： Jie LIU Xiang-Zhen SHI Li YANG Chang-Yi LIU Jin-Cheng WANG Rui-Min ZHU Xue-Li SHI Qiu-Feng LIU International Business School Shanxi Normal UniversityXi'an 710062China University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Bejing 102488China School of economics and Management Xinjiang UniversityUrumqi 830046China Global Energy Interconnection Development and Cooperation Organization(GEIDCO) Bejing 100031China Hubei Enshi College Enshi 445099China CMA earth System Modeling and Prediction Centre China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China National Climate Centre China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China

Developing a localized and consistent model framework for climate loss and damage assessment is crucial for the policy-making of climate change mitigation and *** study introduces a comprehensive,multidisciplinary Integrated Assessment Model(IAM)framework for evaluating climate damage in China,utilizing BCC-SESM climate model and FUND sectoral climate damage model under the SSP2-RCPs *** a bottom-up approach,the research estimates climate damage across eight major sectors,recalibrates sectoral climate damage functions and parameters for China,and elucidates distinctions among direct climate loss,market climate loss,and aggregate climate *** findings reveal that the total climate damage function for China follows a quadratic pattern in response to temperature *** 2050,the estimated climate damage is projected to be 5.4%,5.7%,and 8.2%of GDP under RCP2.6,RCP4.5,and RCP8.5,***,both direct and market climate losses are projected to remain below 2%of GDP by 2050,while the aggregate climate loss could reach as high as 8.2%,which is predominantly attributed to non-market *** a sectoral perspective,under the RCP8.5 scenario,human health damage constitutes the largest share(61.9%)of the total climate loss by 2050,followed by sea-level rise damage(18.6%).This study sheds lights on the adaptation policy that should attach importance to the non-market sectors,particularly focusing on human health and sea-level rise.

关键词： Climate loss and damage Integrated assessment model(IAM) FUND model Representative concentration pathways(RCPs)scenario BCC-SESM

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Teffichthys wui sp. nov., a new perleidid fish from the Early Triassic of Jiangsu and Anhui, China

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古脊椎动物学报（中英文） 2024年第3期62卷 165-185页

作者： XU Guang-Hui YUAN Zhi-Wei REN Yi LIAO Jun-Ling ZHAO Li-Jun SONG Hai-Jun Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100044 State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology School of Earth SciencesChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 College of economics and Trade Minzu Normal University of Xingyi XingyiGuizhou 562400 Zhejiang Museum of Natural History Hangzhou 310014

Perleididae is a group of stem neopterygian fishes known only from the ***,we report the discovery of a new perleidid,Teffichthys wui ***.,based on six well-preserved specimens from the late Smithian(Olenekian,Early Triassic)marine deposits of Jurong,Jiangsu and Chaohu,Anhui,*** new discovery documents the third and youngest species of Teffichthys,which is slightly younger than the Dienerian(Induan)*** from Guizhou and the early Smithian *** from *** new species shows diagnostic features of Teffichthys(presence of a spiracular,38-41 lateral line scales,and no more than three epaxial rays in the caudal fin)but differs from *** and *** in some autapomorphies(e.g.,a horizontal opercle/subopercle contact and smooth scales with a nearly straight posterior margin).The diagnostic features for the genus Teffichthys and the family Perleididae are emended based on detailed comparisons of the new taxon with other *** phylogenetic relationships of perleidids with other stem neopterygians are discussed using a cladistic approach,and the results provide new insights into the phylogeny and classification of main stem neopterygian clades.

关键词： Jiangsu Anhui Early Triassic Perleidiformes osteology phylogeny

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Analysis of the effect of the 2021 Semeru eruption on water vapor content and atmospheric particles using GNSS and remote sensing

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2024年第1期15卷 33-41页

作者： Mokhamad Nur Cahyadi Arizal Bawasir Syachrul Arief Amien Widodo Meifal Rusli Deni Kusumawardani Yessi Rahmawati Ana Martina Putra Maulida Hilda Lestiana Department of Geomatics Engineering Institut Teknologi Sepuluh NopemberSurabaya 60111Indonesia Research Center of Marine and earth Science-Technology Directorate of Research and Community ServiceInstitut Teknologi Sepuluh NopemberSurabaya 60111Indonesia Geospatial Education and Training Division Geospatial Information Agency(BIG)Cibinong 16911Indonesia Department of Geophysics Engineering Institut Teknologi Sepuluh NopemberSurabaya 60111Indonesia Department of Mechanical Engineering Andalas UniversityPadang City 25175Indonesia Department of economics Airlangga UniversitySurabaya 60286Indonesia Research Center for Geological Resources National Research and Innovation AgencyJakarta 10340Indonesia

Mount Semeru,an active volcano in East Java,Indonesia,erupted on December 4,2021,following extreme rainfall that caused an avalanche of hot pyroclastic flows and *** tropospheric conditions and dominant particle components in the atmosphere can be monitored using Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)technology and remote sensing *** signal propagation delay in Precise Point Positioning(PPP)processing can be used to determine Zenith Tropospheric Delay(ZTD)and Precipitable Water Vapor(PWV)variables so that atmospheric conditions can be *** addition,by using remote sensing satellite data,it is possible to obtain rainfall data with high temporal resolution as well as the dominant particle and gas content values during *** the eruption period,the high value of PWV was dominated by the high intensity of precipitation during the rainy *** rainfall before the eruption caused activity inside the mountain to increase,which occurred in avalanche type *** from that,the atmosphere around Semeru was also dominated by SO_(2)content,which spreaded for tens of ***_(2)content began to be detected significantly by remote sensing sensors on December 7,*** this study,deformation and atmospheric monitoring were also carried out using low-cost GNSS at the Semeru Monitoring Station on September 9-15,*** results of the ZTD and ZWD values show the dominance of the wet component,which is directly proportional to rainfall activity in this period.

关键词： Semeru GNSS Water vapor Rainfall SO_(2)

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Research status, hot spots, difficulties and future development direction of microbial geoengineering

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Journal of Road Engineering 2024年第2期4卷 234-255页

作者： Yingxin Zhou Zhiqing Li Peng Zhang Qi Wang Weilin Pan Shuangjiao Wang Xiongyao Xie Department of Geotechnical Engineering College of Civil EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Yunnan Communications Investment&Construction Group Co. Ltd.Kunming 650103China Key Laboratory of Shale Gas and Geoengineering Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China College of earth and Planetary Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Innovation Academy for earth Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China China Energy Technology and economics Research Institute Beijing 102211China Cangzhou Qugang Expressway Construction Co. Ltd.Cangzhou 062450China Henan Yelu Expressway Construction Co. Ltd.Pingdingshan 467000China Beijing Zhongyan Tiandi Technology Co. Ltd.Beijing 100029China

Microbial geoengineering technology,as a new eco-friendly rock and soil improvement and reinforcement technology,has a wide application ***,this technology still has many deficiencies and is difficult to achieve efficient curing,which has become the bottleneck of large-scale field *** paper reviews the research status,hot spots,difficulties and future development direction microbial induced calcium carbonate precipitation(MICP)*** principle of solidification and the physical and mechanical properties of improved rock and soil are systematically *** solidification efficiency is mainly affected by the reactant itself and the external *** present,the MICP technology has been preliminarily applied in the fields of soil solidification,crack repair,anti-seepage treatment,pollution repair and microbial ***,the technology is currently mainly limited to the laboratory level due to the difficulty of homogeneous mineralization,uneconomical reactants,short microbial activity period and large environmental interference,incidental toxicity of metabolites and poor field *** directions include improving the uniformity of mineralization by improving grouting methods,improving urease persistence by improving urease activity,and improving the adaptability of bacteria to the environment by optimizing bacterial ***,the authors point out the economic advantages of combining soybean peptone,soybean meal and cottonseed as carbon source with phosphogypsum as calcium source to induce CaCO3.

关键词： Microbial geoengineering Microbial induced calcium carbonate precipitation Bacillus pasteurii Urease Phosphogypsum

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