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Genesis of the Jianbeigou Gold Deposit on the Southern Margin of the North China Craton: Insights from Fluid Inclusions, H-O-S Isotopes, and Pyrite in situ Trace Element Analyses

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2024年第4期98卷 969-991页

作者： LI Fengchun ZENG Qingdong ZHU Rixiang CHU Shaoxiong XIE Wei YU Bing WU Jinjian LI Xinghui Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Innovation Academy for earth Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China College of earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China School of earth Science and Engineering Hebei University of EngineeringHandanHebei 056038China

The Jianbeigou gold deposit is a typical lode gold deposit in the Qinling metallogenic belt, located on the southern margin of the North China Craton. Three stages of the hydrothermal process can be distinguished, including the quartz ± pyrite, quartz-polymetallic sulfide, and quartz-carbonate ± pyrite stages. From the early to late stages, the homogenization temperatures of primary fluid inclusions are 281–362°C, 227–331°C, and 149–261°C, respectively. The corresponding salinities estimated for these fluids are 3.9–9.9 wt%, 0.4–9.4 wt%, and 0.7–7.2 wt% Na Cl equiv. Combined with laser Raman spectroscopy data, the ore-forming fluid belongs to a H_(2)O-CO_(2)-Na Cl ± CH_4 system with medium–low temperature and salinity. The δ~(18)Ofluid and δD values for the quartz veins are-1.0‰ to 6.0‰ and-105‰ to-84‰, respectively, which indicates that the ore-forming fluid is of mixed source, mainly derived from magma, with a contribution from meteoric water. Pyrite has been identified into three generations based on mineral paragenetic sequencing, including Py1, Py2, and Py3. The pyrites have δ~(34)S sulfur isotopic compositions from three stages between 3.7‰ and 8.4‰, indicating that sulfur mainly originated from magma. Te, Bi, Sb, and Cu contents in pyrite were all high and showed a strong correlation with Au concentrations. Native gold and the Au-Ag-Bi telluride minerals were formed concurrently, and the As concentration was low and decoupled from the Au content. Therefore, Te, Bi, Sb and other low-melting point chalcophile elements play an important role for gold mineralization in arsenic-deficient ore-forming fluid. Combined with the geological setting, evolution of pyrite, and ore-fluids geochemistry, we propose that the Jianbeigou deposit can be classified as a magmatic–hydrothermal lode gold deposit. Gold mineralization on the southern margin of the North China Craton is related to Early Cretaceous magmatism and formed in an extensional setting.

关键词： ore genesis H-O-S isotopes fluid inclusions in-situ trace element Jianbeigou gold deposit

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Origin of iron-rich minerals,ooids and pisoids in the Jurassic ooidal ironstones of the Labino-Malkin region(Caucasus)

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2024年第3期13卷 475-494页

作者： Natalia A.Kalinina Maxim A.Rudmin Mikhail Sherstyukov Prokopiy Maximov Abdul-Gapur Kerimov Division for Geology School of Earth Sciences&EngineeringTomsk Polytechnic University634050TomskRussia Laboratory of Sedimentology and Paleobiosphere Evolution University of Tyumen625003 TyumenRussia institute of earth Science North-Caucasus Federal University355009StavropolRussia

This study investigates the Middle Jurassic rocks of the Labino-Malkin zone(Caucasus),represented by ooidal ironstones,biogenic limestones,and nodular *** rocks contain ooids/*** on the mineral composition,nine types of ooids and three possible scenarios for their formation have been *** mineral composition of ooids indicates the variable conditions of their deposition and repeated changes in physical and chemical conditions of the environment,including fluctuations in theredox *** access of oxygen in the bottom environment as a factor of increasing oxic conditions was associated with the regression of the sea and/or the inflow of meteoric *** main sources of ooids are the drift of material from the continent and convecting metal-bearing meteoric and/or deep solutions.

关键词： Ooidal ironstones Mineral formation Ooids Pisoids Mineral chemistry

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A virtual thermometer for ultrahigh-temperature-pressure experiments in a large-volume press

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第4期9卷 98-110页

作者： Bingtao Feng Longjian Xie Xuyuan Hou Shucheng Liu Luyao Chen Xinyu Zhao Chenyi Li Qiang Zhou Kuo Hu Zhaodong Liu Bingbing Liu State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials Synergetic Extreme Condition User FacilityCollege of PhysicsJilin UniversityChangchun 130012China Department of earth Sciences University College LondonLondon WC1E 6BSUnited Kingdom earth and Planetary Laboratory Carnegie Institute for ScienceWashingtonDistrict of Columbia 20015USA College of earth Sciences Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012China

Ultrahigh-temperature-pressure experiments are crucial for understanding the physical and chemical properties of *** recent development of boron-doped diamond(BDD)heaters has made such melting experiments possible in large-volume ***,estimates of temperatures above 2600 K and of the temperature distributions inside BDD heaters are not well constrained,owing to the lack of a suitable ***,we establish a three-dimensional finite element model as a virtual thermometer to estimate the temperature and temperature field above 2600 *** advantage of this virtual thermometer over those proposed in previous studies is that it considers both alternating and direct current heating modes,the actual sizes of cell assemblies after compression,the effects of the electrode,thermocouple and anvil,and the heat dissipation by the pressure-transmitting *** virtual thermometer reproduces the power-temperature relationships of ultrahigh-temperature-pressure experiments below 2600 K at press loads of 2.8-7.9 MN(~19 to 28 GPa)within experimental *** temperatures above 2600 K predicted by our virtual thermometer are within the uncertainty of those extrapolated from power-temperature relationships below 2600 ***,our model shows that the temperature distribution inside a BDD heater(19-26 K/mm along the radial direction andearth and material sciences.

关键词： virtual ultrahigh sizes

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Lath-like phases formed at an extremely high temperature in a Mg-RE(RE=rare earth)-Al alloy

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Rare Metals 2024年第8期43卷 3937-3945页

作者： Bo Deng Shu-Hui Lv Qiang Yang Dong-Yue Zhao Jun-Yuan Fan Xin Qiu School of Materials Science and Engineering Changchun University of Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Rare earth Resource Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Chongqing Research institute Changchun University of Science and Technology

Thermal stable intermetallic particles are important for the heat resistance of magnesium（Mg）*** this work,many lath-like particles formed in α-Mg grains of a Mg-8Gd-3Sm-0.7Al casting alloy when heat-treated at 873 ***-resolution high-angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy（HAADF-STEM） characterizations indicate that most of them are Mg-containing Al2（Gd,Sm）,with the atomic ratio of Mg:Al:（Gd,Sm） being ～1:1:1;a small part of them with relatively wider thickness are long-period stacking ordered（LPSO） phases simultaneously containing both 14H and 18R *** followed common orientation relationships with Mg matrix as those reported in previous *** addition,many Mg laths were observed in the primary blocky Al2（Gd,Sm） phase at grain boundaries,where the atomic ratio of Al:（Gd,Sm） in the Al2（Gd,Sm） matrix was 2:***,density functional theory（DFT） calculations illustrated the detail structure of the re-constructed Mg/Al2RE interface and simultaneously deduced the underlying reason for the re-dissolution of the newly formed Mg-containing Al2（Gd,Sm） plates in α-Mg matrix.

关键词： Magnesium alloy HAADF-STEM Microstructures Intermetallic particles Orientation relationships Interfaces

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Effect of phase transition during roasting of Mountain Pass rare earth concentrate on leaching efficiency of rare earths

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Journal of Rare earths 2024年第2期42卷 409-414,I0006页

作者： Yanyan Zhao Xu Sun Deliang Meng Xiangsheng Liu Qiang Zhong Zongyu Feng National Engineering Research Center for Rare earth Grirem Advanced Materials Co.Ltd.Beijing0088China Rare earth Functional Materials(Xiong'an)Innovation Center Co. Ltd.Xiongan071700China General Research institute for Nonferrous Metals Beijing100088China

To find a greener and more economical approach for treating the Mountain Pass rare earth concentrate(MPREC),a novel "Combination Method",including the processes of oxidizing roasting,HCI leaching and sulfuric acid roasting,is proposed in this *** this paper,the effect of phase transition behavior in hydrochloric acid leaching during oxidative roasting at 450-600℃ was *** roasting,the bastnasite in MPREC is decomposed into CeLa_(2)O_(3)F_(3) and(Ce_(0.33),La_(0.33),Ca_(0.33))O_(1.5).As the CeLa_(2)O_(3)F_(3) phase has the fluorine-fixation effect,the generated CeLa_(2)O_(3)F_(3) phase can not be dissolved by HCI after roasting at 500 and 550℃,but it can be decomposed by HCI after roasting at over 600℃,resulting in the improvement of the leaching rate of total F *** maximum leaching efficiency of rare earth elements(REEs) can reach 70.32 wt% at the roasting temperature of 550℃.After roasting at over 600℃,some F^-ions in the solution combined with RE^(3+) to form REF_(3) precipitate and enter the leaching residue,and the others are in the form of [CeF_(3)]^+ in the leaching solution during leaching,therefore,the leaching efficiency of non-ce rium REEs decreases while that of cerium element *** work provides basic research for optimizing the actual production process of MPREC.

关键词： Mountain pass rare earth mine Roasting Phase change Rare earths

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Trace fossil evidences of an Early Miocene paleoseismic event and depositional regime change from the Kutch(Kachchh) Basin

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2024年第1期13卷 165-180页

作者： Ayush Srivastava Sudipta Dasgupta Krishanu Chatterjee Mohuli Das Bombay Ichnos Research Group Department of Earth SciencesIndian Institute of Technology Bombay(lIT Bombay)PowaiMumbaiMaharashtra400076India

Unconsolidated siliciclastic sediments can undergo post-burial deformation, which leads to the formation of distinctive sedimentary structures, known as soft-sediment deformation structures(SSDS). The presence of a series of sand volcanoes confined to a particular lithostratigraphic horizon can represent a paleoseismic activity and, thereby, exemplifies the concept of “seismite”. The Kutch Basin has been a tectonically active region since the initiation of eastern Gondwana rifting followed by a tectonic inversion during the Cenozoic due to the collision of the Indian and Eurasian plates. A stratum-bound series of sand volcanoes belonging to the Khari Nadi Formation(KNF) is exposed along the banks of Khari River. They separate the shallow marine deposits below and non-marine deposits above with their characteristic marine and paleosol trace fossil suites, respectively. Although a seismogenic origin has been much debated for the SSDS,the ichnofabric analysis of the sand-volcano-bearing stratum unequivocally points toward such an origin under a shallow seafloor condition. In addition to the sedimentary regime change from an open shallow-marine setting to a continental depositional environment concomitant with basinal uplift, the behavior of the burrowing crustaceans testifies to a syn-depositional development of a fault network associated with the fluidization, sand volcanism, and the resilience of the trace-producers in surviving those processes until the sedimentary regime change in the overlying strata. Although the ichno-sedimentological evidence apparently differs from the previous works that proposed a continuous base-level rise from the beginning of deposition of the Khari Nadi Formation up to the middle part of the overlying Chhasra Formation, the paleoseismic activity,its ichnologic signature, and the depositional regime change refer to a higher-resolution(i.e., lower-order)sequence-stratigraphic change causing a short-duration regression within a longer-durat

关键词： Sand volcano Seismite Ichnology Khari Nadi Formation Kutch Basin Kachchh Basin

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Grain growth behavior and properties of high-entropy pseudobrookite(Mg,Co,Ni,Zn)Ti_(2)O_(5) ceramics

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第6期13卷 757-768页

作者： Xiaohui Ma Jinyu Wu Lingyi Meng Jinfeng Zhang Heng Chen Liwen Yan Anran Guo Jiachen Liu Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare earth Photoelectric Functional Materials Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth MaterialsHaixi InstitutesChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China

It is well known that the grain size of high-entropy ceramics is quite small owing to the sluggish diffusion effect. However, abnormal grain growth often occurs in high-entropy pseudobrookite ceramics, ultimately resulting in the formation of many abnormally grown grains with a grain size as large as 50 μm. To study this phenomenon, the grain growth behavior of high-entropy pseudobrookite ceramics was systematically investigated in this paper. The results demonstrate that the starting material powders first react with each other to form a high-entropy intermediate phase and calcined TiO_(2) powders (TiO_(2)-1100 ℃), and then as the sintering temperature increases, the formed high-entropy intermediate phase further reacts with TiO_(2)-1100 ℃ to form high-entropy pseudobrookite ceramics. Thus, in this system, in addition to the sluggish diffusion effect, the grain sizes of the high-entropy intermediate phase and TiO_(2)-1100 ℃ also affect the morphology of high-entropy pseudobrookite. Compared to nanosized TiO_(2), micron-sized TiO_(2) has a lower sintering activity. Therefore, the high-entropy intermediate phases (Mg,Co,Ni,Zn)TiO_(3) and TiO_(2)-1100 ℃ prepared with micron-sized starting materials exhibit lower grain sizes, finally resulting in the formation of high-entropy (Mg,Co,Ni,Zn)Ti_(2)O_(5) with small grain sizes. Moreover, nano-indentation and thermal conductivity tests were carried out on high-entropy (Mg,Co,Ni,Zn)Ti_(2)O_(5) with different morphologies. The results show that the hardness of high-entropy (Mg,Co,Ni,Zn)Ti_(2)O_(5) increases from 6.05 to 9.95 GPa as the grain size increases, whereas the thermal conductivity decreases from 2.091±0.006 to 1.583±0.006 W·m^(−1)·K^(−1). All these results indicate that high-entropy (Mg,Co,Ni,Zn)Ti_(2)O_(5) with a small grain size is a potential material for thermal protection.

关键词： grain size sluggish diffusion effect two-step solid phase process high-entropy intermediate phase high-entropy pseudobrookite ceramic

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Lanthanide-based microlasers:Synthesis,structures,and biomedical applications

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Nano Research 2024年第1期17卷 97-111页

作者： Qian Zhang Yawei Liu Kai Liu Hongjie Zhang Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare earth Materials(Ministry of Education) Department of ChemistryTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Laboratory of Rare earth Resource Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130022China Xiangfu Laboratory Jiaxing 314102China

The large size of lasers limits their applications in confined spaces,such as in biosensing and in vivo brain tissue *** this regard,micron-sized lasers have been *** exhibit great potential for biological detecting,remote sensing,and depth tracking due to their small sizes,sensitive properties of their spectral fingerprints,and flexible positional modulation in the ***-based luminescent materials that possess long excited-state lifetime,narrow emission bandwidth,and upconversion behaviors are promising as gain mediums for novel *** addition,lanthanide-based microlasers could be generated under natural ambient conditions with pumped or continuous light sources,which significantly promotes the practical applications of *** progress in the design,synthesis,and biomedical applications of lanthanide-based microlasers has been outlined in this *** ions doped and upconverted lanthanide-based microlasers are highlighted,which exhibit advantageous structures,miniaturized dimensions,and high lasing *** applications of lanthanide-based microlasers are further discussed,the upconverted microlasers show great advantages for biological applications owing to their tunable excitation and emission characteristics and excellent environmental ***,perspectives and challenges in the field of lanthanide-based microlasers are presented.

关键词： microlasers lanthanide-based luminescent materials upconversion nanoparticles biological applications

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Characterizing extreme drought and wetness in Guangdong,China using global navigation satellite system and precipitation data

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Satellite Navigation 2024年第1期5卷 258-274页

作者： Hai Zhu Kejie Chen Haishan Chai Yuanbin Ye Wenjian Liu Department of earth and Space Sciences Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China Lands and Resource Department of Guangdong Province Surveying and Mapping InstituteGuangzhou510500China

As global temperature rises,the frequency of extreme climate events,e.g.,severe droughts and floods,has increased significantly and caused severe damage over the past *** this regard,precipitation efficiency,a crucial meteorological parameter,could provide valuable insights for a better understanding of the patterns and characteristics of these extreme *** this study,taking Guangdong province as an exemplary region,we first obtained long-term and high-resolution historical records of precipitation efficiency by integrating the observations from a dense network of Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)stations with precipitation data,and then characterized the extreme drought and wetness through climate *** found a distinct seasonal trend in precipitation efficiency in Guangdong,with annual fluctuations ranging from 10 to 25%.Notably,precipitation efficiency is higher in proximity to the Pearl River Delta Plain and gradually decreases towards the east and *** occurrence of anomalous peaks and valleys in precipitation efficiency generally corresponds to dry and wet conditions,respectively.A total of 9 extreme wet events and 6 dry events occurred from January 2007 to May 2022,with durations from 3 to 6 *** results also demonstrated that both wet and dry frequencies exhibit an increasing trend with the expansion of the time scale,and the frequency of extreme events near the Pearl River Delta Plain surpasses that of other ***,the propagation time from meteorological anomalies to agricultural and hydrological anomalies is about 3 *** periodic characteristics of meteorological anomalies are identified as the primary driver for other anomalous periodic *** work unveils the long-term dynamic behavior of precipitation efficiency,as well as the characteristics of extreme drought and wetness events in the regions characterized by intricate land–atmosphere interactions.

关键词： GNSS Precipitation efficiency Extreme drought and wetness

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In situ formed Mg(BH_(4))_(2) for improving hydrolysis properties of MgH_(2)

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第3期12卷 1204-1214页

作者： Yongyang Zhu Mili Liu liming Zeng Yin Wang Daifeng Wu Rui Li Qing Zhou Renheng Tang Fangming Xiao institute of Resources Utilization and Rare earth Development Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Development and ApplicationGuangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China School of Materials Science and Engineering Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Storage MaterialsSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510641China

The hydrolysis of MgH_(2) delivers high hydrogen capacity(15.2 wt%),which is very attractive for real-time hydrogen ***,the formation of a surface passivation Mg(OH)_(2) layer and the large excess of H_(2)O required to ensure complete hydrolysis are two key challenges for the MgH_(2) hydrolysis ***,a low-cost method is reported to synthesize MgH_(2)@Mg(BH_(4))_(2) composite via ball-milling MgH_(2) with cheap and widely available B_(2)O_(3)(or B(OH)_(3)).By adding small amounts of B_(2)O_(3),the in-situ formed Mg(BH_(4))_(2) could significantly promote the hydrolysis of MgH_(2).In particular,the MgH_(2)–10 wt%B_(2)O_(3) composite releases 1330.7 mL·g^(−1) H_(2)(close to 80%theoretical hydrogen generation H_(2))in H_(2)O and 1520.4 mL·g^(−1) H_(2)(about 95%)in 0.5 M MgCl_(2) in 60 min at 26℃ with hydrolysis rate of 736.9 mL·g^(−1)·min^(−1) and 960.9 mL·g^(−1)·min^(−1) H_(2) during the first minute of the hydrolysis,*** addition,the MgCl_(2) solution allows repeated use by filtering and exhibits high cycle stability(20 cycles),therefore leading to much reduced capacity loss caused by the excess H_(2)*** show that by introducing B_(2)O_(3) and recycling the 0.5 M MgCl_(2) solution,the system hydrogen capacity can approach 5.9 wt%,providing a promising hydrogen generation scheme to supply hydrogen to the fuel cells.

关键词： Hydrolysis MgH_(2) Mg(BH_(4))_(2) Hydrogen generation B_(2)O_(3) MgCl_(2)

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