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An artificial-neural-network-based surrogate modeling workflow for reactive transport modeling

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Petroleum research 2022年第1期7卷 13-20页

作者： Yupeng Li Peng Lu Guoyin Zhang Beijing research center of expec advanced research center Aramco AsiaBeijingChina expec advanced research center Saudi AramcoDhahranSaudi Arabia China University of Petroleum QingdaoChina

Process-based reactive transport modeling(RTM)integrates thermodynamic and kinetically controlled fluid-rock interactions with fluid flow through porous media in the subsurface and surface *** is usually conducted through numerical programs based on the first principle of physical ***,the calculation for complex chemical reactions in most available programs is an iterative process,where each iteration is in general computationally intensive.A workflow of neural networkbased surrogate model as a proxy for process-based reactive transport simulation is established in this *** workflow includes(1)base case RTM design,(2)development of training experiments,(3)surrogate model construction based on machine learning,(4)surrogate model validation,and(5)prediction with the calibrated *** training experiments for surrogate modeling are generated and run prior to the predictions using *** results show that the predictions from the surrogate model agree well with those from processes-based RTM but with a significantly reduced computational *** well-trained surrogate model is especially useful when a large number of realizations are required,such as the sensitivity analysis or model calibration,which can significantly reduce the computational time compared to that required by *** benefits are(1)it automatizes the experimental design during the sensitivity analysis to get sufficient numbers and coverage of the training cases;(2)it parallelizes the calculations of RTM training cases during the sensitivity analysis to reduce the simulation time;(3)it uses the neural network algorithm to rank the sensitivity of the parameters and to search the optimal solution for model calibration.

关键词： Reactive transport modeling Surrogate model Machine learning Dolomitization Carbonate reservoir

Propagation of surfactant and polymer flow in natural carbonate cores

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Petroleum 2022年第3期8卷 414-423页

作者： Dongqing Cao Jinxun Wang Ming Han Amar J.Alshehri Beijing research center Aramco AsiaBeijing100102PR China expec advanced research center Saudi AramcoDhahran31311Saudi Arabia

This paper presents an experimental and analytical study of comprehensive effects of surfactant and polymer in aqueous solutions on the propagation in ***-phase flow tests of surfactant,polymer and surfactant-polymer mixture were respectively conducted on natural carbonate core plugs at high temperature and high salinity reservoir *** effect of different factors on chemical propagation was taken into account by use of a convection-dispersion *** dynamic adsorptions of two amphoteric surfactants at 2000 mg/L concentration onto the carbonate rocks were 0.21 and 0.17 mg/g-rock,*** dynamic adsorptions of a sulfonated polymer at 2000 and 5000 mg/L were 0.11 and 0.17 mg/g-rock,***-polymer mixtures in aqueous solutions were coinjected to evaluate their competitive adsorption,showing the surfactant adsorption was reduced by approximately 50%.The dispersion coefficient of the chemicals in the carbonate cores was in the magnitude of 10^(-3) cm^(2)/*** by dispersion and adsorption,chemical concentration reduction occurred obviously during the propagation in carbonate porous *** separation took place in the surfactant-polymer co-injection scheme,which was estimated by modeling as well.

关键词： Natural carbonate core Chemical propagation Polymer Surfactant Competitive adsorption Convention-dispersion model

Core-scale modeling of surfactant-assisted spontaneous water imbibition in carbonates

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Petroleum 2022年第4期8卷 458-465页

作者： Xingang Bu Ming Han Abdulkareem M.AlSofi Beijing research center Aramco AsiaBeijing100102China expec advanced research center Saudi AramcoDhahran31311Saudi Arabia

This work numerically investigates surfactant effects on spontaneous water imbibition in oil-wet *** open boundary core-scale imbibition model with 9×9×10 gridblocks was used in UTCHEM to simulate carbonate core plug exposure to a vast water *** simulation models were developed based on surfactant-assisted imbibition tests that were conducted in secondary and tertiary oil production modes using Amott cells at 75℃.Capillary and gravity forces were captured by history matching the *** history matching,the inputs for surfactant adsorption and diffusion,capillary pressure and relative permeability were *** tertiary mode,the surfactants-assisted imbibition process presents the performance in mixed-wet state rather than oil-wet state,which is governed by wettability alteration.A simulation model for surfactant-assisted imbibition in secondary mode was used to investigate the effects of various factors including interfacial tension(IFT)reduction,wettability alteration,adsorption,volume of surrounding water and capillary *** simulation results suggest that surfactant-assisted water imbibition in secondary mode is gravity dominant,which is facilitated by both IFT reduction and wettability alteration caused by addition of proper *** from water imbibition in water-wet core,it presents vertically dominant oil flow with a hemispherical oil-rich area and uneven remaining oil *** is obvious that sufficient surfactant supply in vast water is required to make effective imbibition,in consideration of surfactant consumption and changes in concentration *** core-scale modeling provides insights of surfactant-assisted imbibition in initially oil-wet carbonates and helps scale up the application in a cost-effective way.

关键词： Surfactant Imbibition Core-scale modeling Simulation Wettability alteration Interfacial tension

Polymeric microsphere injection in large pore-size porous media

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Petroleum 2020年第3期6卷 264-270页

作者： Dongqing Cao Ming Han Jinxun Wang Amar J.Alshehri Beijing research center Aramco AsiaBeijing100102China expec advanced research center Saudi AramcoDhahran31311Saudi Arabia

High water-cut has become a worldwide challenge for oil *** requires extensive efforts to process and *** entails expanding water handling facilities and incurring high power consumption *** microsphere injection is a cost-effective way to deal with excessive water production from subterranean *** study reports a laboratory investigation on polymeric microsphere injection in a large volume to identify its in-depth fluid diversion capacity in a porous media with large pore/particle size *** performance of polymeric microsphere injection was evaluated using etched glass micromodels based on the pore network of a natural carbonate rock,which were treated as water-wet or oil-wet *** was conducted to displace oil at reservoir temperature of 95°C,followed by one pore volume of polymeric microsphere *** polymeric microsphere samples with median particle size of 0.05,0.3,and 20μm were used to investigate the impact of particle size of the polymeric microspheres on incremental oil production *** the polymeric microspheres were much smaller than the pores,additional oil production was *** incremental oil production increased with increasing polymeric microsphere concentration and particle *** a comparison,polymeric microsphere solutions were injected into oil-wet and water-wet micromodels after *** was observed that the oil production in oil-wet micromodel was much higher than that in water-wet *** wettability of micromodels affected the distribution patterns of the remaining oil after waterflooding and further dominated the performance of the microsphere *** study supports the applicability of microsphere injection in oil-wet heterogeneous carbonates.

关键词： High water-cut Polymeric microsphere injection Etched glass micromodel Pore/particle size ratio Wettability Heterogeneous carbonate reservoir Conformance control Oil production

Integrate intere-well connectivity data with static reservoir models based on Bayesian formalism

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Petroleum research 2023年第3期8卷 433-438页

作者： Yupeng Li Rashid S.Mohammad Beijing research center EXPEC Advanced Research CenterAramco AsiaBeijingChina center for Petroleum Studies State University of Campinas(UNICAMP)CampinasSPBrazil

The inter-well connectivity calculated from reservoir dynamic production data reflects formation heterogeneity ***,the calculated inter-well connectivity between pair wells is mainly used as a tool for water flood management but not for quantitative reservoir *** study proposes an innovative,dynamic data integration workflow that can integrate inter-well connectivity with a static reservoir *** the workflow,the first step is calculating the inter-well connectivity vectors from the reservoir pairwise injector and producer *** second step covers interpolation in the domain of *** third step is to update the permeability model based on the Bayesian updating *** result of this study shows that integrating the calculated inter-well connectivity with the static models enhances model reliability and it also provides an insight to deeper geological understanding reflected from dynamic data integration in reservoir modeling.

关键词： Bayesian updating Dynamic dat,a integration Reservoir characterization Inter-well connectivity Geological understanding integration

Role of surfactants on particle deposition, wear, and corrosion behavior of TaC particle incorporated electroless nickel-phosphorus coating

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2022年第5期32卷 655-663页

作者： Jin-Hyuk Choi Dhani Ram Dhakal Yuwaraj K.Kshetri Bina Chaudhary Bhupendra Joshi Soo Wohn Lee Tae-Ho Kim research center for advance Green Materials Sun Moon University Department of Fusion Science and Technology Sun Moon University

The coatings prepared by incorporating submicron-sized TaC particles while depositing Ni and P atoms on the steel substrate via electroless method showed mixed results of surface finishing, microstructural properties,mechanical, tribological, and corrosion behavior with the addition of various surfactants during the coating process. The surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS) enhanced the microhardness when added during the coating process of Ni–P–TaC composite, whereas the cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide(CTAB) lowered the microhardness as compared to the surfactant-free coating. Moreover, the TaC particle incorporation was hindered by the surfactants CTAB and Triton X-100. An excellent wear resistance behavior has been observed in the surfactantfree Ni–P–TaC coating in comparison to particle-free Ni–P coating. The Ni–P–TaC coatings showed the dependency of wear behavior on the material properties of the counter sliding surface although this dependency has not been observed in Ni–P coatings. The wear damage in Ni–P coating is immense irrespective of the properties of counter-sliding materials. Various surfactant-used Ni–P–TaC coating surfaces deteriorated much more due to corrosion than surfactant-free Ni–P–TaC coating. Among the various surfactants, the CTAB used Ni–P–TaC coating showed weak corrosion resistance.

关键词： Electroless coating NiP-based coating Tantalum carbide Wear Corrosion

Characterization and oil recovery enhancement by a polymeric nanogel combined with surfactant for sandstone reservoirs

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Petroleum Science 2021年第1期18卷 123-135页

作者： Mustafa Almahfood Baojun Bai Missouri University of Science and Technology RollaMO 65401USA expec advanced research center Saudi AramcoDhahranSaudi Arabia

The characterization and enhanced oil recovery mechanisms of a nanosized polymeric cross-linked gel are presented herein.A negatively charged nanogel was synthesized using a typical free radical suspension polymerization process by employing 2-acrylamido 2-methyl propane sulfonic acid *** synthesized nanogel showed a narrow size distribution with one peak pointing to a predominant homogeneous droplet *** charged nanogels were also able to adsorb at the oil-water interfaces to reduce interfacial tension and stabilize oil-in-water emulsions,which ultimately improved the recovered oil from hydrocarbon *** addition,a fixed concentration of negatively charged surfactant(sodium dodecyl sulfate or SDS)was combined with different concentrations of the *** effect of the nanogels combined with surfactant on sandstone core plugs was examined by running a series of core flooding experiments using multiple flow *** results show that combining nanogel and SDS was able to reduce the interfacial tension to a value of 6 Nm/*** core flooding experiments suggest the ability of the nanogel,both alone and combined with SDS,to improve the oil recovery by a factor of 15%after initial seawater flooding.

关键词： Nanogel Polymeric nanogel Enhanced oil recovery

Metabolic reprogramming: a new option for the treatment of spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第4期20卷 1042-1057页

作者： Jiangjie Chen Jinyang Chen Chao Yu Kaishun Xia Biao Yang Ronghao Wang Yi Li Kesi Shi Yuang Zhang Haibin Xu Xuesong Zhang Jingkai Wang Qixin Chen Chengzhen Liang Department of Orthopedics The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Orthopedics research Institute of Zhejiang University Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province HangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Clinical research center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province HangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Qiandongnan Prefecture People’s Hospital KailiGuizhou ProvinceChina Department of Orthopedics Fourth Medical CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina

Spinal cord injuries impose a notably economic burden on society,mainly because of the severe after-effects they *** the ongoing development of various therapies for spinal cord injuries,their effectiveness remains ***,a deeper understanding of metabolism has opened up a new therapeutic opportunity in the form of metabolic *** this review,we explore the metabolic changes that occur during spinal cord injuries,their consequences,and the therapeutic tools available for metabolic *** spinal cord metabolism is characterized by independent cellular metabolism and intercellular metabolic ***,spinal cord injury results in metabolic disorders that include disturbances in glucose metabolism,lipid metabolism,and mitochondrial *** metabolic disturbances lead to corresponding pathological changes,including the failure of axonal regeneration,the accumulation of scarring,and the activation of *** rescue spinal cord injury at the metabolic level,potential metabolic reprogramming approaches have emerged,including replenishing metabolic substrates,reconstituting metabolic couplings,and targeting mitochondrial therapies to alter cell *** available evidence suggests that metabolic reprogramming holds great promise as a next-generation approach for the treatment of spinal cord *** further advance the metabolic treatment of the spinal cord injury,future efforts should focus on a deeper understanding of neurometabolism,the development of more advanced metabolomics technologies,and the design of highly effective metabolic interventions.

关键词： axons glycolysis metabolic reprogramming metabolism mitochondria neural regeneration neuroprotection oxidative phosphorylation spinal cord injury therapy

Effects of CeF_3 on properties of self-shielded flux cored wire

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China Welding 2006年第2期15卷 31-33页

作者：喻萍田志凌潘川薛锦 National Engineering research center for advance Steel Technology Central Iron & Steel Research Institute Xi’an Jiaotong University

Effects of CeF3 on properties of self-shielded flux cored wire including welding process, inclusions in weld metal and mechanical properties are systematically studied. Welding smoke and spatter are reduced with the addition of CeF3. The main non-metallic inclusions in weld metal are AlN and Al2O3. CeF3 can refine non-metallic inclusions and reduce the amount of large size inclusions, which is attributed to the inclusion floating behavior during the solidification of weld metal. The low temperature impact toughness is improved by adding suitable amount of CeF3 in the flux.

关键词： CeF3 self-shielded flux cored wire non-metallic inclusions notch toughness