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Porphyrins,phthalocyanines,and related covalent-organic frameworks in the photochemical and electrochemical water splitting:A review

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Particuology 2024年第7期90卷 236-265页

作者： Oxana V.Kharissova Yolanda Peña Méndez Boris I.Kharisov Aleksandr LNikolaev Edith Luévano-Hipólito Lucy T.González Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Ave.Universidad s/nSan Nicolás de los GarzaNuevo León66455Mexico department of Chemistry Moscow State UniversityVorobievy HillsMoscowRussia CONACYT-Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Facultad de Ingeniería Civil-Departamento de Ecomateriales y EnergíaCd.UniversitariaC.P.66455San Nicolás de los GarzaNLMexico Tecnologico de Monterrey Escuela de IngenieríaCienciasMonterreyNuevo León 64890Mexico Tecnologico de Monterrey Centro del AguaMonterreyNuevo León 64890Mexico

In this review,the possibilities of photochemical and electrochemical water splitting(WS)using porphyrins,phthalocyanines,related macrocycles,and their metal complexes are discussed.Significant efforts are being carried out in order to develop novel and cheap methods for water decomposition to generate inexhaustible greener energy sources(molecular hydrogen)instead of oil and gas.The processes of WS in heterogeneous and homogeneous media require novel photo-and electrocatalysts,in particular those on macrocycle basis.A high WS efficiency has been observed for porphyrins and phthalocyanines,showing their suitability both for HER and OER processes are available using these relative compounds for WS purposes.Porphyrins can be used in photocatalytic and electrocatalytic WS processes both in their free forms or as metal porphyrins/porphyrinates,mainly loaded on various inorganic materials,such as Au NPs,C_(3)N_(4),GaP,KTaO_(3),GaP,and so on,as part of porphyrin-containing polymers or on electrode surface as modifying coatings,being sometimes better than commercial catalysts,such as Pt/C.Photocatalytic H2 evolution can be considerably depended on the shape of porphyrin particles;in particular,porphyrin nanowires can yield up to 20 times more H2 than its powder.In certain cases,both HER and OER can be driven in the same electrolyte using metal porphyrins.The capacity of metal porphyrins to generate ROS(in particular,singlet oxygen 1O_(2))under ultrasonic treatment is known and can be successfully used for H_(2)O_(2) and O_(2) generation.Phthalocyanines can be used in similar processes in free form or as composites with inorganic or organic counterparts,being immobilized on nanocarbons,metal oxides and salts,or simply dissolved in water acting in a homogeneous medium.An additional use of ultrasound can lead to better results due to the synergistic effect of the sonochemical treatment and light.Covalent-organic frameworks are also applied for WS purposes and are mainly based on a variety of N-containing ligands,such as tr

关键词： Porphyrins Phthalocyanines COFs Water splitting Photocatalysis Electrocatalysis

Insights into reservoir-triggered landslides development and its influence factors in the Three Gorges Reservoir area， China

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年

作者： Shi-lin Luo Da Huang Jian-bing Peng Zhou-zhou Xie Zhi-yu Yang Roberto Tomás College of civil Engineering Changsha University College of civil Engineering and Geomatics Chang'an University Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Big Data Smart Application of Natural Disaster Risks Survey of Highway Engineering School of civil Engineering Central South University Dpto.de ingeniería civil.Escuela Politécnica Superior de Alicante.Universidad de Alicante.

More than 5000 landslides or potential landslides have been triggered in the Three Gorges Reservoir （TGR） area since the impoundment in 2003. Aimed at investigating the reservoir-induced landslides spatiotemporal and size distribution and its influence factors in the TGR by taking 790 landslides as statistical samples. The landslides exhibit significant regional and sub-regional differences in spatially， and numerous landslides occurred at the initial three impoundment stages and the corresponding following 2–3 cycles of reservoir operations， but the landslide frequency decreased dramatically after 2010 in temporally. The relationship between landslide development and topographical， geological as well as hydrological factors were analyzed qualitatively. The reservoir-induced landslides in TGR area exhibit self-organized criticality and the rollover is nearly 2.5×104m2， which could not attribute to the data missing but the coupled influences imposed by affecting factors. Both the double Pareto and inverse gamma functions are more suitable than the power-law function to present the landslide size characteristics. In term of the fitting precious， the adaptability of the inverse gamma function is better if the landslide inventories are limited. The research results provide foundation for the landslide susceptibility maps and hazard risk assessment.

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Rheological properties and concentration evolution of thickened tailings under the coupling effect of compression and shear

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第5期31卷 862-876页

作者： Aixiang Wu Zhenqi Wang Zhuen Ruan Raimund Bürger Shaoyong Wang Yi Mo Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education of China for High-efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Shunde Innovation School University of Science and Technology BeijingFoshan 528399China CI2MA and departamento de ingeniería Matemática Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y MatemáticasUniversidad de ConcepciónCasilla 160-CConcepciónChile School of civil and Resource Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China China Railway Construction Tongguan Investment Co. Ltd.Tongling 244000China

Cemented paste backfill(CPB)is a key technology for green mining in metal mines,in which tailings thickening comprises the primary link of CPB technology.However,difficult flocculation and substandard concentrations of thickened tailings often occur.The rheological properties and concentration evolution in the thickened tailings remain unclear.Moreover,traditional indoor thickening experiments have yet to quantitatively characterize their rheological properties.An experiment of flocculation condition optimization based on the Box-Behnken design(BBD)was performed in the study,and the two response values were investigated:concentration and the mean weighted chord length(MWCL)of flocs.Thus,optimal flocculation conditions were obtained.In addition,the rheological properties and concentration evolution of different flocculant dosages and ultrafine tailing contents under shear,compression,and compression-shear coupling experimental conditions were tested and compared.The results show that the shear yield stress under compression and compression-shear coupling increases with the growth of compressive yield stress,while the shear yield stress increases slightly under shear.The order of shear yield stress from low to high under different thickening conditions is shear,compression,and compression-shear coupling.Under compression and compression-shear coupling,the concentration first rapidly increases with the growth of compressive yield stress and then slowly increases,while concentration increases slightly under shear.The order of concentration from low to high under different thickening conditions is shear,compression,and compression-shear coupling.Finally,the evolution mechanism of the flocs and drainage channels during the thickening of the thickened tailings under different experimental conditions was revealed.

关键词： thickened tailings compression-shear coupling compressive yield stress shear yield stress concentration

developments and characteristics of craft beer production processes

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Food Bioscience 2022年第1期45卷 232-248页

作者： Salvador Villacreces Carlos A.Blanco Isabel Caballero Dpto de ingeniería Agrícola Forestal ETS de Ingenierías AgrariasUniversidad de Valladolid34004Palencia.Spain

Beer is a popular drink and represents the most widely consumed alcoholic beverage in the world.In recent years,there has been a significant growth of independent craft breweries,even in countries without a brewing tradition.A craft brewery is usually defined as a small,independent and traditional brewery.Nowadays,consumers are looking for genuine,singular,different and high-quality products.Craft beer manufacturers have responded to this with the introduction of a novel combination of raw or malted cereals and have modified the beer flavours and taste with the addition of fruit,spices,etc.This work presents an analysis of the different aspects related to craft beer.Its characteristics and brewing singularities are analyzed.The quality and safety standards used are examined and future trends of craft beer are also discussed.

关键词： Craft beer Ingredients Craft beer quality By-products Microbiological safety

Nonlinear elastic constitutive relations of residually stressed composites with stiff curved fibres

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2022年第10期43卷 1515-1530页

作者： M.H.B.M.Shariff J.Merodio R.Bustamante department of Mathematics Khalifa University of Science and TechnologyAbu Dhabi127788United Arab Emirates departamento de Matemática Aplicada a las TIC ETS de Ingeniería de Sistemas InformaticosUniversidad Politecnica de MadridMadrid28031Spain departamento de ingeniería Mecánica Universidad de ChileBeauchef 851Santiago CentroSantiago8370448Chile

Mechanical models of residually stressed fibre-reinforced solids,which do not resist bending,have been developed in the literature.However,in some residually stressed fibre-reinforced elastic solids,resistance to fibre bending is significant,and the mechanical behavior of such solids should be investigated.Hence,in this paper,we model the mechanical aspect of residually stressed elastic solids with bending stiffness due to fibre curvature,which up to the authors’knowledge has not been mechanically modeled in the past.The proposed constitutive equation involves a nonsymmetric stress and a couple-stress tensor.Spectral invariants are used in the constitutive equation,where each spectral invariant has an intelligible physical meaning,and hence they are useful in experiment and analysis.A prototype strain energy function is proposed.Moreover,we use this prototype to give results for some cylindrical boundary value problems.

关键词： fibre-reinforced solid residual stress bending stiffness spectral invariant second gradient finite elasticity

Application of the extended Fourier amplitude sensitivity testing(FAST)method to inflated,axial stretched,and residually stressed cylinders

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2023年第12期44卷 2139-2162页

作者： H.ASGHARI H.TOPOL B.MARKERT J.MERODIO departamento de Matemática Aplicada a las TIC ETS de Ingenier a de Sistemas InformáticosUniversidad Politécnica de MadridMadrid 28031Spain Institute of General Mechanics RWTH Aachen UniversityAachen 52062Germany

This paper is dedicated to applying the Fourier amplitude sensitivity test(FAST)method to the problem of mixed extension and inflation of a circular cylindrical tube in the presence of residual stresses.The metafunctions and the Ishigami function are considered in the sensitivity analysis(SA).The effects of the input variables on the output variables are investigated,and the most important parameters of the system under the applied pressure and axial force such as the axial stretch and the azimuthal stretch are determined.

关键词： sensitivity analysis(SA) Fourier amplitude sensitivity test(FAST)method cylindrical inflation nonlinear elasticity

Novel strategies to tailor the photocatalytic activity of metal–organic frameworks for hydrogen generation: a mini-review

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Frontiers in Energy 2022年第5期16卷 734-746页

作者： Luis A.ALFONSO-HERRERA Leticia M.TORRES-MARTINEZ J.Manuel MORA-HERNANdeZ Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León UANLFacultad de Ingeniería CivilDepartamento de Ecomateriales y EnergíaAv.Universidad S/N Ciudad UniversitariaSan Nicolás de los GarzaNuevo León 66455México Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados S.C.(CIMAV)Miguel de Cervantes No.120.Complejo Ind.ChihuahuaChihuahuaChih 31136México CONACYT-Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León UANLFacultad de Ingeniería CivilDepartamento de Ecomateriales y EnergíaAv.Universidad S/N Ciudad UniversitariaSan Nicolás de los GarzaNuevo León 66455México

This review provides a recompilation of the most important and recent strategies employed to increase the efficiency of metal-organic framework(MOF)-based systems toward the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution(PHE)reaction through specific strategies:tailoring the photocatalytic activity of bare MOFs and guest@MOF composites,formation of heterojunctions based on MOFs and various photocatalysts,and inorganic photocatalysts derived from MOFs.According to the data reported in this mini-review,the most effective strategy to improve the PHE of MOFs relies on modifying the linkers with new secondary building units(SBUs).Although several reviews have investigated the photocatalytic activity of MOFs from a general point of view,many of these studies relate this activity to the physicochemical and catalytic properties of MOFs.However,they did not consider the interactions between the components of the photocatalytic material.This study highlights the effects of strength of the supramolecular interactions on the photocatalytic performance of bare and MOF-based materials during PHE.A thorough review and comparison of the results established that metal-nanoparticle@MOF composites have weak van der Waals forces between components,whereas heterostructures only interact with MOFs at the surface of bare materials.Regarding material derivatives from MOFs,we found that pyrolysis destroyed some beneficial properties of MOFs for PHE.Thus,we conclude that adding SBUs to organic linkers is the most efficient strategy to perform the PHE because the SBUs added to the MOFs promote synergy between the two materials through strong coordination bonds.

关键词： metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) photocatalytic hydrogen evolution MOF heterojunctions materials derived from MOFs bandgap recombination

Combined heat and mass transfer by mixed convection MHD flow along a porous plate with chemical reaction in presence of heat source

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2010年第10期31卷 1217-1230页

作者： J.ZUECO S.AHMED ets ingeniería Industrial Departamento de Ingeniería Térmicay FluidosUniversidad Politécnica de Cartagena Fluid Dynamics Research Department of MathematicsGoalpara College

An exact and a numerical solutions to the problem of a steady mixed convective MHD flow of an incompressible viscous electrically conducting fluid past an infinite vertical porous plate with combined heat and mass transfer are presented.A uniform magnetic field is assumed to be applied transversely to the direction of the flow with the consideration of the induced magnetic field with viscous and magnetic dissipations of energy.The porous plate is subjected to a constant suction velocity as well as a uniform mixed stream velocity.The governing equations are solved by the perturbation technique and a numerical method.The analytical expressions for the velocity field,the temperature field,the induced magnetic field,the skin-friction,and the rate of heat transfer at the plate are obtained.The numerical results are demonstrated graphically for various values of the parameters involved in the problem.The effects of the Hartmann number,the chemical reaction parameter,the magnetic Prandtl number,and the other parameters involved in the velocity field,the temperature field,the concentration field,and the induced magnetic field from the plate to the fluid are discussed.An increase in the heat source/sink or the Eckert number is found to strongly enhance the fluid velocity values.The induced magnetic field along the x-direction increases with the increase in the Hartmann number,the magnetic Prandtl number,the heat source/sink,and the viscous dissipation.It is found that the flow velocity,the fluid temperature,and the induced magnetic field decrease with the increase in the destructive chemical reaction.Applications of the study arise in the thermal plasma reactor modelling,the electromagnetic induction,the magnetohydrodynamic transport phenomena in chromatographic systems,and the magnetic field control of materials processing.

关键词： MHD perturbation technique network simulation method Eckert number mixed convection induced magnetic field viscous dissipation heat source/sink

Building health monitoring in the old town of Madrid:applicability of SAR Imagery to the monitoring of underground works through classification indexes

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2021年第3期14卷 271-287页

作者： Adrian Jesus Garcia Beatriz González-Rodrigo Sara Martinez Ruben Martinez Miguel Marchamalo Topography and Geomatics Lab ETSI CaminosCanales y PuertosUniversidad Politécnica de MadridMadridSpain ets de ingeniería civil Universidad Politécnica de MadridMadridSpain

The old city centers of many major cities represent a great challenge from a constructive point of view since the foundations of the buildings consist of an aggregation of previous constructions.This endorses thorough monitoring activities during any underground construction.The capabilities of the persistent scatterer interferometry(PSI)can be exploited to cope with these monitoring needs.However,the old city centers represent a very challenging urban scenario since the rooftops are usually filled with air conditioning systems and due to the fact that the streets are usually crowded.This work assesses the applicability of the PSI technique under this challenging scenario.Moreover,it proposes a set of novel classification indexes that allow an objective assessment of the building’s health and the impact derived from any activity.They can be applied in deformation monitoring and risk evaluation in urban areas.The applicability of the technique and the proposed indexes is validated in the monitoring of underground construction works in the old city center of Madrid comparing the results against on-ground measurements and identifying the potential and the limitation of the technique.

关键词： Satellite-based monitoring historical city center building health monitoring persistent scatterer interferometry urban planning