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Modeling pedestrian-vehicle interactions at unsignalized mid-block crosswalk under automated vehicle mixed traffic flow conditions: an agent-based approach

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2025年

作者： Haojie Li Binyue Zhao Ziqian Zhang Yingheng Zhang Gang Ren School of Transportation， Southeast University Jiangsu Key Laboratory of urban ITS Jiangsu Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern urban Traffic Technologies

The introduction of automated vehicles (AVs) is expected to improve the safety and traffic efficiency of the transportation system. However， the impacts of AVs on pedestrian-vehicle interactions (PVIs) remain unclear， especially under the mixed traffic flow condition with AVs and conventional vehicles (CVs). The objective of this paper is to investigate PVIs under AV mixed traffic flow at unsignalized mid-block crosswalk (UMC) where the right of way competition exists and the traffic conditions are more complex. An agent-based simulation model is proposed to evaluate the safety and traffic efficiency under a diverse range of different scenarios. Some agents’ behavioral parameters are calibrated from trajectory and video data collected at two sites in Nanjing. The proposed model is also validated by comparing Post-Encroachment Time (PET) and pedestrian waiting time outputted from simulation with those extracted from empirical data. The simulation results suggest that the introduction of AVs has limited effect on both safety and efficiency levels at UMC under the low AV penetration rate. Compared to the negotiated yielding strategy of AVs， the conservative yielding strategy performs better in terms of pedestrian safety， but worse in improving traffic efficiency. Moreover， the results reveal that pedestrian and vehicle volumes， the proportion of pedestrians familiar with AVs， and the proportion of risk-prone pedestrians could significantly affect the safety and efficiency levels at UMC. Lastly， we provide some practical recommendations for determining treatments for mid-block crosswalks with AV mixed traffic flow to improve pedestrian safety and traffic efficiency.

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Two paths, one goal: mechanism of calcium homeostasis to balance plant growth and immunity

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 306-308页

作者： Aziz Ul Ikram Yanping Jing Huan Chen Jian Chen International Genome Center Jiangsu University Joint Center for Single Cell Biology School of Agriculture and BiologyShanghai Jiao Tong University

Calcium(Ca2+) is an essential nutrient and a cellular signal in plants. The level of free Ca2+in the apoplast is ～10,000-fold higher than that in the cytoplasm at the resting state. This large Ca2+level gradient across the membrane between the interior and exterior can cause Ca2+overload and toxicity. Plants have evolved mechanisms to export Ca2+out of the cytoplasm or store it in intracellular organelles, such as endoplasmic reticulum（ER）, mitochondria, and vacuole.

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Comparative Analysis of Gene Expression in Two Muskmelon Cultivars(Cucumis melo L.) Under Salt Stress

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Journal of Integrative agriculture 2014年第10期13卷 2132-2140页

作者： WEI Shi-wei ZHANG Fu-rong ZHANG Yi-dong WANG Li-min CHEN Jia-bei HUANG Dan-feng Department of Plant Science School of Agriculture and BiologyShanghai Jiao Tong University/Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South)Ministry of Agriculture

Salinity is one of the most important abiotic stresses that adversely affects crop growth and productivity. A subtractive suppression hybridization （SSH） library were constructed from the roots of salt-sensitive Yulu cultivar melon seedlings under salt stress; 557 high-quality expressed sequence tags （ESTs） were randomly sequenced, with an average size of 428 bp, which assembled into 68 contigs and 315 singletons. Compared with our previous SSH library generated from the salt-tolerant Bingxuecui cultivar, the proportion of transcripts involved in metabolism, protein fate, cellular communication/signal transduction mechanisms, and cell rescue/defense were 4, 1.46, 0.94, and 0.4% higher, respectively, in the salt-tolerant cultivar than the in salt-sensitive cultivar. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis of eleven transcripts revealed temporal variations in their expression in the two cultivars under salt stress. One NAC gene （JZ477011） was heterologously expressed in yeast for functional characterization, and enhanced the sensitivity of yeast cells to high-salinity to salt stress and inhibited their growth. Information regards to their functions would aid in the understanding of response mechanisms to saline stress and in the development of molecular markers for selecting salt-tolerant melon cultivars.

关键词： comparative analysis functional characterization gene expression salt stress SSH melon cultivars

Isolation and characterization of insecticidal activity of （Z）- asarone from Acorus calamus L.

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Insect Science 2008年第3期15卷 229-236页

作者： Yingjuan Yao Wanlun Cai Changju Yang Dong Xue Yanzhang Huang Institute of urban Pest Control Huazhong Agriculture University Wuhan China

The insecticidal activity of Acorus calamus L. rhizome-derived material against adults of Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky was examined by using repellency method and contact toxicity. The biologically active constituent of the A. calamus rhizome was separated and identified. The results showed that the ethanol extract of A. calamus had strong repellency and contact effect to S. zeamais and the active constituent of the A. calamus was characterized as （Z）-asarone by spectroscopic analysis. Responses from the tests varied with exposure times and doses. In the repellency test, ethanol extract of A. calamus had 93.92% repellency at 629.08 μg/cm^2 but only 71.38% at 157.27 μg/cm^2 12 h after treatment. As a contrast, （Z）-asarone showed 84.50% repellency at 314.54μg/cm^2 and 77.02% at 78.63 μg/cm^2 12 h after treatment. In the filter paper diffusion test, ethanol extract of A. calamus caused 95.56% and 17.78% mortality to S. zeamais at 314.54 μg/cm^2 and 78.63 μg/ cm^2 4 days after treatment, while （Z）-asarone brought about 100.00% and 15.56% mortality at 40.89 μg/cm^2 and 15.73 μg/cm^2 respectively. These results indicate that the insecticidal activity of the A. calamus extract may be due to （Z）-asarone.

关键词： Acorus calamus asarone natural insecticide Sitophilus zeamais

Nitrogen addition promotes soil carbon accumulation globally

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 284-293页

作者： Xuemei Yang Suhui Ma Erhan Huang Danhua Zhang Guoping Chen Jiangling Zhu Chengjun Ji Biao Zhu Lingli Liu Jingyun Fang Institute of Ecology College of Urban and Environmental Sciencesand Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of EducationPeking University Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Transboundary Ecosecurity of Southwest China School of Ecology and Environmental ScienceYunnan University State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences

Soil is the largest carbon(C) reservoir in terrestrial ecosystems and plays a crucial role in regulating the global C cycle and climate *** nitrogen(N) deposition has been widely considered as a critical factor affecting soil organic carbon(SOC) storage, but its effect on SOC components with different stability remains unclear. Here, we analyzed extensive empirical data from 304 sites worldwide to investigate how SOC and its components respond to N addition. Our analysis showed that N addition led to a significant increase in bulk SOC(6.7%), with greater increases in croplands(10.6%) and forests(6.0%) compared to grasslands(2.1%). Regarding SOC components, N addition promoted the accumulation of plant-derived C(9.7%–28.5%) over microbial-derived C(0.2%), as well as labile(5.7%) over recalcitrant components(–1.2%), resulting in a shift towards increased accumulation of plant-derived labile C. Consistently, N addition led to a greater increase in particulate organic C(11.9%) than mineral-associated organic C(3.6%), suggesting that N addition promotes C accumulation across all pools, with more increase in unstable than stable pools. The responses of SOC and its components were best predicted by the N addition rate and net primary productivity. Overall, our findings suggest that N enrichment could promote the accumulation of plant-derived and non-mineral associated C and a subsequent decrease in the overall stability of soil C pool, which underscores the importance of considering the effects of N enrichment on SOC components for a better understanding of C dynamics in soils.

关键词： meta-analysis nitrogen enrichment soil organic carbon carbon accumulation carbon stability

Universal cooling patterns of the butterfly wing scales hierarchy deduced from the heterogeneous thermal and structural properties of Tirumala limniace(Lepidoptera:Nymphalidae,Danainae)

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Insect Science 2022年第6期29卷 1761-1772页

作者： Chu-Fei Tang Fan-Fan Li Ye Cao Huai-Jian Liao Institute of Leisure agriculture Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjingChina Key Laboratory of urban agriculture Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsShanghaiChina

The radiative cooling of butterfly wing scales hierarchy has great value in understanding how poikilotherms adapt to the environment and developing bionic ***,it remains unclear what the cooling system is like and how the vari-ation of hierarchy affects the cooling ***,the correlation between the variations of the structure and emissivity of scale hierarchy is thoroughly investigated in Tirumala limniace(Cramer,1775),whose thermal properties are highly heteroge-neous among different wings and regions but similar between males and ***-terns were deduced from the biological and model simulation *** scale hierarchy varies at the micro-to nanolevel on both surface and section,correspond-ing to the variating *** on wing veins and margins have large nanostruc-tured units with small lumens and are distinctly thickened,which bring extraordinarily high *** variations of light and dark scales,respectively,lead to the high emissivity of the middle region of wings and the front ***,the elevation of the inner surface area and the thickness of the chitin is the key to enhancing the cooling *** the first time,the effects of the variation of hierarchy toward emissivity of the mid-infrared spectrum are systematically *** is demonstrated that wing scales integrally differentiate in coping with the heterogeneous cooling needs,which may benefit in balancing multifunctions and the development toward the adap-tation to the abiotic *** study provides insights into the comprehensive thermoregulation system of butterflies and the further development of radiative cooling materials.

关键词： butterfly emissivity heterogeneous hierarchy radiative cooling wing scales

The C-terminal 17 amino acids of the photoreceptor UVR8 is involved in the fine-tuning of UV-B signaling^FA

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2020年第9期62卷 1327-1340页

作者： Li Lin Huaxi Dong Guoqian Yang Ruohe Yin Joint Center for Single Cell Biology Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture Ministry of AgricultureSchool of Agriculture and BiologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Plant UV-B responses are mediated by the photoreceptor UV RESISTANCE LOCUS 8 (UVR8). In re-sponse to UV-B irradiation, UVR8 homodimers dissociate into monomers that bind to the E3 ubiquitin ligase CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENIC1 (COP1). The in-teraction of the C27 domain in the C-terminal tail of UVR8 with the WD40 domain of COP1 is critical for UV-B sig-naling. However, the function of the last 17 amino acids (C17) of the C-terminus of UVR8, which are adjacent to C27, is unknown, although they are largely conserved in land plants. In this study, we established that Arabidopsis thaliana UVR8 C17 binds to full-length UVR8, but not to COP1, and reduces COP1 binding to the remaining portion of UVR8, including C27. We hypothesized that overexpression of C17 in a wild-type background would have a dominant negative effect on UVR8 activity;however, C17 overexpression caused strong silencing of endogenous UVR8, precluding a detailed analysis. We therefore generated YFP-UVR8N423 transgenic lines, in which C17 was deleted, to examine C17 function in-directly. YFP-UVR8N423 was more active than YFP-UVR8, suggesting that C17 inhibits UV-B signaling by attenuating binding between C27 and COP1. Our study reveals an inhibitory role for UVR8 C17 in fine-tuning UVR8–COP1 interactions during UV-B signaling.

关键词： UVR8 photoreceptor sized

Soil application of Trichoderma asperellum GDFS1009 granules promotes growth and resistance to Fusarium graminearum in maize

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Journal of Integrative agriculture 2019年第3期18卷 599-606页

作者： HE An-le LIU Jia WANG Xin-hua ZHANG Quan-guo SONG Wei CHEN Jie School of agriculture and Biology Shanghai Jiao Tong University/State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolites/Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture(South)Ministry of Agriculture Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences

Of diseases affecting maize(Zea mays), Fusarium graminearum is one of the most common pathogenic fungi that cause stalk rot. In the present study, the Trichoderma asperellum GDFS1009 strain was shown to be an effective biocontrol agent against stalk rot. In a confrontation culture test, Trichoderma strain displayed an approximately 60% inhibition rate on the mycelial growth of F. graminearum. In pot trials, the application of 2 g/pot of T. asperellum GDFS1009 granules had the best control effect on stalk rot at the seedling stage(up to 53.7%), while the average plant height and fresh weight were also significantly improved. Additionally when fertilizer was added at 8 g/pot, the application of 3 g/pot of Trichoderma granules had the best control effect on maize stalk rot(40.95%). In field trials, when inoculating F. graminearum alone, the disease index for inoculating was 62.45, but only 31.43 after treatment with T. asperellum GDFS1009 granules, suggesting a control efficiency of 49.67%. Furthermore, in a naturally F. graminearum-infected field, Trichoderma granules, when applied for 3 consecutive years, showed significant control of stalk rot and increased yields.

关键词： Trichoderma asperellum maize Fusarium graminearum stalk rot biocontrol agent

Streptomyces lydicus A_(01) affects soil microbial diversity, improving growth and resilience in tomato

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2019年第2期61卷 182-196页

作者： Qiong Wu Caige Lu Mi Ni Hongli Wang Weicheng Liu Jie Chen The Key laboratory of urban(South)agriculture School of Agriculture and Biology Shanghai Jiao Tong University Laboratory of Biological Microbiology Institute of Plant and Environment Protection Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences

The actinomycete Streptomyces lydicus A_(01) promotes tomato seedling growth; however, the underlying mechanism is unclear. In this study, we investigated whether changes in soil microbial diversity, following Streptomyces lydicus A_(01) treatment, were responsible for the increased tomato seedling growth. Eukaryotic 18 S ribosomal DNA(rDNA) sequencing showed that S. lydicus A_(01)-treated and untreated soil shared 193 operational taxonomic units(OTUs), whereas bacterial 16 S rDNA sequencing identified 1,219 shared OTUs between the treated and untreated soil. Of the 42 dominant eukaryotic OTUs, eight were significantly increased and six were significantly decreased after A_(01) treatment. Of the 25 dominant bacterial OTUs, 12 were significantly increased and eight were significantly decreased after A_(01) *** of the eukaryotes and bacteria that increased in abundance exhibited growth promoting characteristics,which were mainly predicted to be associated with mineralization of nitrogen and phosphorus, phosphate solubilization, nutrient accumulation, and secretion of auxin, whereas some were related to plant protection,such as the degradation of toxic and hazardous substances. Soil composition tests showed that S. lydicus A_(01) treatment enhanced the utilization of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in tomato seedlings. Thus, microbial fertilizers based on S. lydicus A_(01) may improve plant growth, without the detriment effects of chemical fertilizers.

关键词： OTU Streptomyces lydicus A affects soil microbial diversity improving growth and resilience in tomato