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Prevalence of ent Diseases in the Mental Deficient Patients

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2021年第3期10卷 229-237页

作者： Ndadi Tchiengang Kadielle Junie Adama Koundoul Kizonde Kalungwe Yannick Diom Siga Evelyne ent and ccf department Peace Hospital Ziguinchor Senegal Emile Badiane Psychiatric Center Ziguinchor Senegal ent and ccf department Dakar-Senegal “Principal” Hospital Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Patients with mental deficiency have increased health needs. They develop certain ailments more than the rest of the general population. ent pathology includes all the ailments concerning the nose, throat and ear and is a frequent reason for consultation in our health facilities. The aim of this study was to report the prevalence of ent diseases in mental deficient. Material and Methods: This was a prospective, longitudinal study on a population of patients received in ent consultation, during the days of October 15, 2019 and February 18, 2020 on the occasion of health campaigns organized by the Senegal Special Olympics Association. All admitted patients were mental deficient. Results: Out of a total of 334 patients received in general consultation (all specialties combined), 61 patients underwent an ent consultation, i.e. a prevalence of 18.26%. There were more men (N = 39) than women (N = 32). The average age of the patients was 20 years. A past history of chronic otitis media was reported in 9.83% of patients (N = 6). Functional signs were dominated by hypoacusis (N = 16). Seventy point forty-nine patients (N = 43) had otologic conditions. Thirty-four patients had trisomy 21 (64.15%). Conclusion: The prevalence of ent diseases among the mental deficient is considerable. This study is the first of its type in Senegal which superimposes the ent on mental deficiency.

关键词： ent Mental Deficiency Ziguinchor

Diffuse Cervico-Facial Cellulitis: Epidemiological and Clinical Aspects of 297 Cases

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2023年第5期12卷 293-300页

作者： Houra Ahmed Darel Mapali Cire Ndiaye Diegane Faye Mame Fatou Ndour Ngor Ndour Moustapha Ndiaye Abdourahmane Tall Mamadou Bobo Diallo Ngone Ndiaye Issa Cheikh Ndiaye ent and ccf department Fann National University Hospital Dakar Senegal ent and ccf department Thiès University Hospital Thiès Senegal Lamine Sine DIOP ent department Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Cervicofacial cellulitis is a medical and surgical emergency, it is an extensive infection of the aponeurotic spaces of the face and neck. Although frequent in black Africa rather than in developed countries, they remain associated with a poor prognosis and few studies have been done on this subject. Their management must be early, probabilistic and then adapted to the bacteriological results of the pus taken. As Senegal is one of the many sub-Saharan African countries without recent data on cervicofacial cellulitis, we felt it was important to review the situation. The aim of our study was to describe the epidemiological and clinical aspects of cervicofacial cellulitis in the ent department of Lamine Sine DIOP of the Fann National University Hospital of Dakar. Materials and Method: This was a retrospective study conducted over 5 years from January 2017 to December 2021 in the ent-ccf LAMINE SINE DIOP department of the CHNU FANN in Dakar. Our data sources were hospitalization registers and medical records of patients hospitalized for cervicofacial cellulitis. Our data were analyzed using the spss 12 for windows software. Results: During this 5-year period, we collected 297 cases of cervicofacial cellulitis, i.e. 19% of the hospitalizations. The average age was 35 years with a sex ratio of 2.23. The notion of taking NSAIDs was found in 90.57% of the cases, the immunocompromised background was present in 18 patients, i.e. 6.06% of the cases. The site of the swelling was sub-mento-maxillary in 49% of the cases and anterior cervical in 5% of cases. The portal of entry was dental in 189 patients, i.e. 64% of cases, and unknown in 3%. 4 deaths were recorded, i.e. 1.35% of patients hospitalized for cervicofacial cellulitis, and 1 case of mediastinitis with polyseritis was transferred to the department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, which had a favourable outcome. Conclusion: Cervicofacial cellulitis is a fairly common infection with a poor prognosis

关键词： Cellulitis Cervico-Facial Dakar

System Ⅱ:A Native RDF Repository Based on the Hypergraph Representation for RDF Data Model

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2009年第4期24卷 652-664页

作者：吴刚李涓子胡建强王克宏 School of Computer Science and Engineering Southeast University ccf ACM department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University

RDF is the data interchange layer for the Semantic Web. an RDF repository should provide not only the necessary scalability In order to manage the increasing amount of RDF data, and efficiency, but also sufficient inference capabilities. Though existing RDF repositories have made progress towards these goals, there is still ample space for improving the overall performance. In this paper, we propose a native RDF repository, System H, to pursue a better tradeoff among system scalability, query efficiency, and inference capabilities. System II takes a hypergraph representation for RDF as the data model for its persistent storage, which effectively avoids the costs of data model transformation when accessing RDF data. Based on this native storage scheme, a set of efficient semantic query processing techniques are designed. First, several indices are built to accelerate RDF data access including a value index, a labeling scheme for transitive closure computation, and three triple indices. Second, we propose a hybrid inference strategy under the pD＊ semantics to support inference for OWL-Lite with a relatively low computational complexity. Finally, we extend the SPARQL algebra to explicitly express inference semantics in logical query plan by defining some new algebra operators. In addition, MD5 hash value of URI and schema level cache are introduced as practical implementation techniques. The results of performance evaluation on the LUBM benchmark and a real data set show that System Ⅱ has a better combined metric value than other comparable systems.

关键词： RDF data management query processing index

When Crowdsourcing Meets Data Markets:A Fair Data Value Metric for Data Trading

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2024年第3期39卷 671-690页

作者：刘洋溯郑臻哲吴帆陈贵海 department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China ccf ACM IEEE

Large-quantity and high-quality data is critical to the success of machine learning in diverse *** with the dilemma of data silos where data is difficult to circulate,emerging data markets attempt to break the dilemma by facilitating data exchange on the ***,on the other hand,is one of the important methods to efficiently collect large amounts of data with high-value in data *** this paper,we investigate the joint problem of efficient data acquisition and fair budget distribution across the crowdsourcing and data *** propose a new metric of data value as the uncertainty reduction of a Bayesian machine learning model by integrating the data into model *** by this data value metric,we design a mechanism called Shapley Value Mechanism with Individual Rationality(SV-IR),in which we design a greedy algorithm with a constant approximation ratio to greedily select the most cost-efficient data brokers,and a fair compensation determination rule based on the Shapley value,respecting the individual rationality *** further propose a fair reward distribution method for the data holders with various effort levels under the charge of a data *** demonstrate the fairness of the compensation determination rule and reward distribution rule by evaluating our mechanisms on two real-world *** evaluation results also show that the selection algorithm in SV-IR could approach the optimal solution,and outperforms state-of-the-art methods.

关键词： data trading crowdsourcing mechanism design Shapley value

Self-Switching Classification Framework for Titled Documents

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2009年第4期24卷 615-625页

作者：郭杭周立柱冯铃 EMC Research China Tsinghua Science Park ACM department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University ccf A CMIEEE

Ambiguous words refer to words that have multiple meanings such as apple, window. In text classification they are usually removed by feature reduction methods like Information Gain. Sometimes there are too many ambiguous words in the corpus, which makes throwing away all of them not a viable option, as in the case when classifying documents from the Web. In this paper we look for a method to classify Titled documents with the help of ambiguous words. Titled documents are a kind of documents that have a simple structure containing a title and an excerpt. News, messages, and paper abstracts with titles are examples of titled documents. Instead of introducing another feature reduction method, we describe a framework to make the best use of ambiguous words in the titled documents. The framework improves the performance of a traditional bag-of-words classifier with the help of a bag-of-word-pairs classifier. The framework is implemented using one of the most popular classifiers, Multinomial NaiveBayes （MNB） as an example. The experiments with three real life datasets show that in our framework the MNB model performs much better than traditional MNB classifier and a naive weighted algorithm, which simply puts more weight on words in the title.

关键词： text analysis machine learning Web text analysis

HEDC++:An Extended Histogram Estimator for Data in the Cloud

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2013年第6期28卷 973-988页

作者：史英杰孟小峰 Fusheng Wang 干艳桃 School of InformationRenmin University of China ccf ACM IEEE School of Information Renmin University of China department of Biomedical Informatics Emory University department of Mathematics and Computer Science Emory University

With increasing popularity of cloud-based data management, improving the performance of queries in the cloud is an urgent issue to solve. Summary of data distribution and statistical information has been commonly used in traditional databases to support query optimization, and histograms are of particular interest. Naturally, histograms could be used to support query optimization and efficient utilization of computing resources in the cloud. Histograms could provide helpful reference information for generating optimal query plans, and generate basic statistics useful for guaranteeing the load balance of query processing in the cloud. Since it is too expensive to construct an exact histogram on massive data, building an approximate histogram is a more feasible solution. This problem, however, is challenging to solve in the cloud environment because of the special data organization and processing mode in the cloud. In this paper, we present HEDC＋＋, an extended histogram estimator for data in the cloud, which provides efficient approximation approaches for both equi-width and equi-depth histograms. We design the histogram estimate workflow based on an extended MapReduce framework, and propose novel sampling mechanisms to leverage the sampling efficiency and estimate accuracy. We experimentally validate our techniques on Hadoop and the results demonstrate that HEDC＋＋ can provide promising histogram estimate for massive data in the cloud.

关键词： histogram estimate sampling cloud computing MapReduce

Use of steroids for facial nerve paralysis after parotidectomy:A systematic review

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2015年第2期3卷 180-185页

作者： Kiran Varadharajan Issa Beegun Niall Daly department of ent St. George’s Hospital department of ent Royal National ThroatNose and Ear Hospital department of ent West Middlesex University Hospital

AIM: To systematically review the literature to assess the efficacy of corticosteroids in treating postparotidectomy facial nerve palsy(FNP). METHODS: We searched the Cochrane library, EMBASE and MEDLINE(from inception to 2014) for studies assessing the use of corticosteroids in post-parotidectomy FNP. Studies were assessed for inclusion and quality. Data was extracted from included studies. RESULTS: Two randomised controlled trials met the inclusion criteria. One study assessed the use of dexamethasone and the other prednisolone. None of the studies demonstrated a significant difference in the outcome of FNP post-parotidectomy with the use of corticosteroids vs no therapy. The majority of FNP postparotidectomy is transient. Preoperative factors(size of tumour and malignancy), intraoperative factors(extent of parotidectomy and integrity of facial nerve at the end of the operation) are important in determining prognosis of FNP if it does ***: Corticosteroids do not appear to improve FNP prognosis post-parotidectomy. Further studies assessing patients by cohort and with long term followup are required to increase scientific evidence.

关键词： Adrenal cortex hormones Facial paralysis Parotid diseases Steroids

Diagnostic performance of high resolution computed tomography in otosclerosis

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2017年第7期5卷 286-291页

作者： Todd Kanzara Jagdeep Singh Virk ent department Countess of Chester Hospital ent department Royal National ThroatNose and Ear Hospital

AIM To determine the sensitivity and specificity of high resolution computed tomography(HRCT) in the diagnosis of *** A systematic literature review was undertaken to include Level I-III studies(Oxford Centre for Evidenced based Medicine) that utilised HRCT to detect histology confirmed *** synthesis was then *** Based on available level III literature,HRCT has a relatively low sensitivity of 58%(95%CI: 49.4-66.9),a high specificity,95%(95%CI: 89.9-98.0) and a positive predictive value of 92%(95%CI: 84.1-95.8).HRCT is better at diagnosing the more prevalent fenestral form of otosclerosis but remains vulnerable to inframillimetre,retrofenestral and dense sclerotic lesions,despite the advent of more advanced CT scanners with improved *** Whilst the diagnosis of otosclerosis remains largely clinical,HRCT remains the gold standard imaging of choice for the middle ear and serves as a useful adjunct to the clinician,helping to delineate extent of disease and exclude other causes.

关键词： Otosclerosis High resolution computed tomography Otospongiosis Retrofenestral Sensitivity Specificity Fenestral Computed tomography

Association of asymptomatic otitis media with effusion in patients with adenoid hypertrophy

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Journal of Otology 2019年第3期14卷 106-110页

作者： Vadisha Bhat Ivan Paraekulam Mani Rajeshwary Aroor Marina Saldanha M.K. Goutham Deepika Pratap department of ent KS Hegde

Objective: Clinical symptoms of otitis media with effusion are rarely brought forward to the guardians of young children who the disease is most prevalent in. This often leads to poor scholastic performances and difficult social interactions. The objective of this study was to identify asymptomatic cases of otitis media with effusion present in individuals with adenoid hypertrophy. Material and Methods: In a cross sectional study advocated in Justice *** Hospital, Karnataka India we evaluated one hundred patients above the age of three from August 2016 to December 2017. Candidates who presented with an adenoid nasopharyngeal ratio of more than 0.5 were selected for the study. Individuals who complained of otological symptoms were not considered for the study. Patients cleared of other pathological otological conditions were underwent audiological evaluation with pure tone audiometry and tympanometry for evaluating the middle ear status and hearing loss. Results: The study showed a total of 36% of patients evaluated presented with asymptomatic otitis media with effusion. In candidates who presented with a bilateral B tympanogram, 40% had significant conductive hearing loss of more than 25dB. Conclusion: An objective test such as impedance audiometry in all patients with adenoid hypertrophy would aid in the diagnosis of fluid in the middle ear, so that timely intervention can be done and possible complications be averted.

关键词： OME Adenoid hypertrophy Otitis media with effusion Hearing loss in children Glue ear