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Low Cycle Fatigue, creep-Fatigue and Relaxation-Fatigue Tests on P91

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Journal of Physical Science and Application 2017年第2期7卷 18-26页

作者： Carlo cristalli Pietro Agostini Davide Bemardi Nicola Bettocchi Luigi Masotti Sandro Storai enea cr brasimone Camugnano (BO) 40032 Italy

creep-fatigue is a damage mechanism where cyclic deformation damage （fatigue） is enhanced by creep damage and vice versa. Factors affecting the creep-fatigue damage are stress level （or, equivalently, strain range）, temperature, hold time period, material softening/hardening and number of cycles. Moreover, environmental effects can accelerate the creep-fatigue interaction （oxidation, hot corrosion, irradiation, etc.）. The activity described in this paper was planned to perform tests on 9cr-lMo ferritic/martensitic steel （P91） combining fatigue cycles and constant tensile and compressive holding periods. A preliminary basic fatigue characterization campaign in the LCF （low cycle fatigue） regime was carried out by performing a series of strain controlled tests, each at the same temperature （550 ℃）, using two different values for the total strain range （1% and 0.6%） and the same total strain rate （2×10^-3 s^-1）. The tests were carried out with a strain ratio of-l, i.e., in fully reversed cyclic conditions. In this paper we illustrate the results obtained by testing in air P91 （9cr-lMo） ferritic/martensitic steel, introducing different dwell periods （either in strain or load control） and obsetwing how these affect the fatigue life of the specimens. The final aim of the activity is to investigate how much detrimental is the effect of the holding periods on the fatigue life in order to validate the creep-fatigue interaction diagram presently adopted in RCC-MRx code for the P91 steel.

关键词： P91 creep-fatigue fatigue damage creep damage interaction diagram RCC-MRx softening.

Use of Waste Vegetable Biomasses Treated by Steam Explosion for the Horticultural crop Protection

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2011年第4期1卷 540-549页

作者： U. De Corato N. Sharma F. Zimbardi enea Energy Efficiency Technical Unit Agriculture Service CCEI Bari Via Roberto Da Bari 119 Bari 70122 Italy enea Trisaia Technologies Technical Unit Laboratory of Biotechnologies CR Trisaia S.S. 106 Jonica Km. 419.500 Matera75026 Italy enea Trisaia Technologies Technical Unit Laboratory of Biomasses CR Trisaia S.S. 106 Jonica Km. 419.500 Matera 75026Italy

The purpose of this study was to assess the suppressive effect of Waste Vegetable Biomasses （WVBs） treated by the Steam Explosion technique in a continuous plant, against soil-borne plant pathogens. In order to assess their disease suppression, five WVBs （Miscanthus biomass, durum wheat straw, rice straw, corn stalk and wood shaving） and commercial compost were tested in vivo at three different doses （10, 20 and 30% of potting mix） on seven horticultural pathosystems plant/fungus： tomato/Phytophthora nicotianae, cucumber/Pythium ultimum, lettuce/Fusariurn oxysporum f. sp. lactucae, melordFusariurn oxysporum f. sp. melonis, bearffRhizoctonia solani, eggplant/Verticillium dahlie and fennel/Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. The results showed that the corn stalk was more efficient respect to Miscanthus, compost, wheat straw, rice straw and wood shaving in all the patbosystems and at all the doses tested. The corn stalk suppression ranged from 97% in eggplant/F, dahliae to 35% in lettuce/F, oxysporum f. sp. lactucae, and it was significantly higher with respect to the other substrates. In general, the wheat straw, rice straw and wood shaving were statistically found less efficient as suppressive substrate with respect to corn stalk, Miscanthus and compost at the 30% dose in four pathosystems In particular, the wood shaving suppressiveness ranged from 48% in eggplant/V, dahliae to 12% in lettuce/F, oxysporum f. sp. lactucae. The different suppressiveness observed could be attributed to different concentration of the microbial inhibitory substances （furfurals, organic acids and lignosulfonates） produced during the processing of fresh biomass.

关键词： Compost disease suppression soil-borne plant pathogen steam explosion waste vegetable biomass.

Sol-Gel Processing of Silica Nuclear Waste Glasses

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New Journal of Glass and Ceramics 2011年第3期1卷 105-111页

作者： Andrzej Deptula Magdalena Milkowska Wieslawa Lada Tadeusz Olczak Danuta Wawszczak Tomasz Smolinski Fabio Zaza Marcin Brykala Andrzej G.Chmielewski Kenneth C.Goretta Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology(INCT) WarsawPoland Italian National Agency for New Technologies Energy and Environment(ENEA)CR CasacciaRomeItaly Asian Office of Aerospace Research and Development Japan

A complex Sol-Gel process has been used for synthesis of silica glasses designed to contain high-level nuclear wastes. Cs, Sr, Co, and Nd (generically denoted Me) were used, the last as surrogate for actinides. Gels in the form of powders and sintered compacts were prepared by hydrolysis and polycondensation of tetraethoxide/Me nitrate solutions, which contained ascorbic acid as a catalyst. Thermal treatment studies were conducted on the resulting gels. Transformation to final products was studied by thermogravimetric analysis, infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Preliminary testing of Me leaching was also completed in quiescent water. Only a single dense form was resistant to

关键词： Sol-Gel Silica Glass Nuclear Waste Thermal Treatment

Effect of steam-pretreatment combined with hydrogen peroxide on lignocellulosic agricultural wastes for bioethanol production：Analysis of derived sugars and other by-products

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2018年第2期27卷 535-543页

作者： Alessandra Verardi Alessandro Blasi Tiziana Marino Antonio Molino Vincenza Calabrò Laboratory of Transport Phenomena and Biotechnology Department of Computer Engineering Modeling Electronics and Systems Science (DIMES) University of Calabria Via Pietro Bucci Cube 39/A 1st Floor 1-87036 Arcavacata di Rende Cosenza (CS) Italy ENFA Italian National Agency for New Technologies Energy and Sustainable Economic Development CR Trisaia S.S. 106 lonica km 419+500-75026 Rotondella Matera (MT) Italy Institute on Membrane Technology ITM-CNR Via P. Bucci Cuba 17/c 1-87036 Arcavacata di Rende CS Italy enea. Italian National Agency for New Technologies Energy and Sustainable Economic Development CR Portici P.. Enrico Fermi 1 80055 Portici NA Italy

The hydrogen peroxide, a green impregnating agent suitable for lignocellulosic biomass to bioethanol process, was used to pretreat sugarcane bagasse by steam explosion. Two different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide（0.2% and 1%） were investigated. Then, the biomass was hydrolyzed after pretreatment using cellulase. The amount released of：（i） cellobiose;（ii） monosaccharides, as glucose, xylose, arabinose and mannose and（iii） lignocellulose derived by-products, as furans and small organic acids（acetic, formic,and levulinic acid）, was evaluated in the hydrolysate samples, previously pretreated both in the presence and absence of impregnating agent. By adding of hydrogen peroxide in steam-pretreatment, the average yield increase was 12% for glucose and as high as 34% for xylose, and cellobiose yield was decreased of about 30%. No significant increase has been observed in arabinose and mannose yield. Furthermore,the hydrogen peroxide seems not increased the formation of lignocellulose derived by-products during pretreatment process, with the exception of the levulinic acid.

关键词： Lignocellulose Hydrogen peroxide Steam explosion Enzymatic hydrolysis Bioethanol

The Protosphera Experiment and the PROTO-PINCH Testbench

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中国核科技报告 1999年第S4期 392-393页

作者： F.Alladio,L.A.Grosso,A.Mancuso,S.Mantovani,P.Micozzi,M.Pillon,A.Sibio,B.Tilia cr Frascati C.P.65 00044 Frascati(Rome) Italy Associazione Euratom-enea sulla Fusione cr Frascati C.P.65 00044 Frascati(Rome) Italy Associazione Euratom-enea sulla Fusione cr Frascati C.P.65 00044 Frascati(Rome) Associazione Euratom-enea sulla Fusione Italy Associazione Euratom-enea sulla Fusione cr Frascati C.P.65 00044 Frascati(Rome) Italy Associazione Euratom-enea sulla Fusione cr Frascati C.P.65 00044 Frascati(Rome) Italy Associazione Euratom-enea sulla Fusione cr Frascati cr Frascati C.P.65 00044 Frascati(Rome) Italy C.P.65 00044 Frascati(Rome) Italy Associazione Euratom-enea sulla Fusione cr Frascati C.P.65 00044 Frascati(Rome) Italy Associazione Euratom-enea sulla Fusione

Spherical Tori A=R/α<2 were originally proposed by M. Peng and his collaborators at ORNL. They are based on economical (low aspect ratio=low volume=low cost) and physical (probable no disruptions, low geodesic curvat... 详细信息

关键词： The Protosphera Experiment and the PROTO-PINCH Testbench

Eco-friendly Leather： Chromium Reduction in the Tanning Cycle

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A) 2017年第8期6卷 402-409页

作者： Elena Salernitano Alessandra Strafella Mercedes Roig Alice Dall'Ara Laboratory of TEMAF (Materials Technologies Faenza) Italian National Agency for New Technologies Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA) Faenza 48018 Italy INESCOP Centre for Technology and Innovation Elda 03600 Spain

The leather manufacturing is traditionally responsible for high environmental pollution. Tannery effluent contains, indeed, large amounts of lime sludge, sulfides, acids, toxic metals salts, in particular chromium salts, which are toxic, non-biodegradable and hardly disposable. For this reason, great research efforts are addressed to establish a significantly eco-sustainable and convenient business for companies and to produce high quality leather products. The replacement of current commercial chemical and toxic products with innovative natural/naturalized products and technologies in some crucial phases of the tanning cycle （mainly bating and defatting）, can induce an eco-friendly reduction of the needed chromium amount. Leather samples, treated with innovative bating and defatting products and tanned by several different cr contents, were characterized by SEM-EDS （Scanning Electron Microscopy equipped with Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy） and TGA （Thermogravimetric Analysis）. SEM-EDS was used to observe the surface and cross-section morphology and to provide a semi-quantitative elemental analysis, while TGA to evaluate the thermal stability and decomposition phases. The compatibility of the innovative products was demonstrated and the environmental impact of the process, performed by the effluents characterization, was effectively improved as a result of a 20% cr lowering. The use of innovative products and the chromium reduction did not affect the thermal stability, leather morphology and not involve significant differences in the composition.

关键词： Leather manufacturing tanning cycle cr reduction natural/naturalized products.

Sperm chromatin structure and male fertility:biological and clinical aspects

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2006年第1期8卷 11-29页

作者： J.Erenpreiss M.Spano J.Erenpreisa M.Bungum A.Giwercman University of Lund Fertility CentreMalm University HospitalMalm SE 205 02Sweden Latvian University Biomedicine CentreRatsupites 1Riga LV 1067Latvia Section of Toxicology and Biomedical Sciences BIOTEC-MEDENEA CR CasacciaVia Anguillarese 301Rome 00060Italy Latvian University Biomedicine Centre Ratsupites 1Riga LV 1067Latvia University of Lund Fertility CentreMalm University HospitalMalm SE 205 02Sweden Fertility ClinicViborg Hospital (Skive)Resenvej 25DK 7800 SkiveDenmark University of Lund Fertility CentreMalm University HospitalMalm SE 205 02Sweden

Aim： Sperm chromatin/DNA integrity is essential for the accurate transmission of paternal genetic information, and normal sperm chromatin structure is important for sperm fertilizing ability. The routine examination of semen, which includes sperm concentration, motility and morphology, does not identify defects in sperm chromatin structure. The origin of sperm DNA damage and a variety of methods for its assessment are described. Evaluation of sperm DNA damage appears to be a useful tool for assessing male fertility potential both in vivo and in vitro. The possible impact of sperm DNA defects on the offspring is also discussed. （Asian J Androl 2006 Jan; 8： 11-29）

关键词： infertility sperm DNA damage human

Neutron Imaging by Boric Acid

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Detection 2013年第2期1卷 30-35页

作者： Fabio Cardone Giovanni Cherubini Walter Perconti Andrea Petrucci Alberto Rosada ARPA Radiation Laboratories Via Montezebio Viterbo Italy GNFM Istituto Nazionale di Alta Matematica “F. Severi” Città Universitaria Roma Italy Italian National Agency for New Technologies Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA) Roma Italy Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (ISMN-CNR) Via dei Taurini Roma Italy GNFM Istituto Nazionale di Alta Matematica “F. Severi” Città Universitaria Roma Italy Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale (ISPRA) Roma Italy Unità Tecnica Tecnologie e Impianti per la Fissione e la Gestione del Materiale Nucleare (UTFISST) Laboratorio Caratterizzazione Materiali Nucleari (CATNUC) Italian National Agency for New Technologies Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA) Roma Italy

In this paper a new type of passive neutron detector based on the already existing one, cr39, is described. Its operation was verified by three different neutron sources: an Americium-Beryllium (Am241-Be) source;a TRIGA type nuclear reactor;and a fast neutron reactor called TAPIRO. The obtained results, reported here, positively confirm its operation and the accountability of the new developed detecting technique.

关键词： Neutrons Neutron Passive Detectors Boron Photographic Film PADC Nuclear Track Detectors (cr39) Neutron Spectrometer

Simulation of Fusion Plasmas:Current Status and Future Direction

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Plasma Science and Technology 2007年第3期9卷 312-387页

作者： D.A.Batchelor M.Beck A.Becoulet R.V.Budny C.S.Chang P.H.Diamond J.Q.Dong G.Y.FU A.Fukuyama T.S.Hahm D.E.Keyes Y.Kishimoto S.Klasky L.L.Lao K.Li Z.Lin B.Ludaescher J.Manickam N.Nakajima T.Ozeki N.Podhorszki W.M.Tang M.A.Vouk R.E.Waltz S.J.Wang H.R.Wilson X.Q.Xu M.Yagi F.Zonca Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTN 37831USA 1122 Volunteer Blvd Suite 203KnoxvilleTN 37996-3450USA AssociationEURATOM-CEA sur la Fusio n Contr■lée CEA Cadarache13108 Saint Paul lez Durance CedexFrance Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory Princeton UniversityPrincetonNJ 08543USA Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences New York University251 Mercer StreetNew YorkNY 10012USA University of California at San Diego Dept.of Physics and Center for Astrophysics and Space SciencesLa JollaCA 92093USA Southwestern Institute of Physics Chengdu 610041China Department of Nuclear Engineering Kyoto UniversityKyoto 606-8501Japan Columbia University Department of Applied Physics and Applied MathematicsMC 4701New YorkNY 10027USA Department of Fundamental Energy Science Graduate School of Energy ScienceKyoto UniversityGokashoUjiKyoto 611-0011Japan General Atomics P.O.Box 85608San DiegoCA 92186USA Department of Computer Science Princeton University PrincetonNJ 08544USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of CaliforniaIrvineCA 92697USA Department of Computer Science University of California DavisCA95616USA National Institute for Fusion Science TokiGifu 509-5292Japan Japan Atomic Energy Agency Naka Fusion Research EstablishmentNaka-machiIbaraki-kenJapan Department of Computer Science North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA Department of Physics Fudan University200433 ShanghaiChina Department of Physics University of YorkHeslingtonYork YO10 5DD UK Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LivermoreCA 94550USA Research Institute for Applied Mechanics Kyushu UniversityKasuga 816-8580Japan Associazione Euratom-enea sulla fusione CR FrascatiCasella Postale 65-00044FrascatiItaly

I. Introduction (Z. Lin, G. Y. Fu, J. Q. Dong) II. Role of theory and simulation in fusion sciences 1. The Impact of theory and simulation on tokomak experiments (H. R. Wilson, T.S. Hahm and F. Zonca) 2. Tokomak Transport Physics for the Era of ITER: Issues for Simulations (P.H. Diamond and T.S. Hahm) III. Status of fusion simulation and modeling 1. Nonlinear Governing Equations for Plasma Simulations (T. S. Hahm) 2. Equilibrium and stability (L.L. Lao, J. Manickam) 3. Transport modeling (R.E. Waltz) 4. Nonlinear MHD (G.Y. Fu) 5. Turbulence (Z. Lin and R.E. Waltz) 6. RF heating and current drive (D.A. Batchelor) 7. Edge physics Simulations (X.Q. Xu and C.S. Chang) 8. Energetic particle physics (F. Zonca, G.Y. Fu and S.J. Wang) 9. Time-dependent Integrated Modeling (R.V. Budny) 10. Validation and verification (J. Manickam) IV. Major initiatives on fusion simulation 1. US Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing (SciDAC) Program & Fusion Energy Science (W. Tang) 2. EU Integrated Tokamak Modelling (ITM) Task Force (A. Becoulet) 3. Fusion Simulations Activities in Japan (A. Fukuyama, N. Nakajima, Y. Kishimoto, T. Ozeki, and M. Yagi) V. cross-disciplinary research in fusion simulation 1. Applied mathematics: Models, Discretizations, and Solvers (D.E. Keyes) 2. Computational Science (K. Li) 3. Scientific Data and Workflow Management (S. Klasky, M. Beck, B. Ludaescher, N. Podhorszki, M.A. Vouk) 4. Collaborative tools (J. Manickam)

关键词： mode ITER