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Book review “Wattles: Australian Acacia species around the world” by David M. Richardson, Johannes J. Le Roux and Elizabete Marchante

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第2期11卷 140-141页

作者： Klaus von Gadow Faculty of Forestry and Forest ecology Georg-August-University GöttingenBüsgenweg 5D-37077GöttingenGermany Department of Forestry and Wood Science Faculty of AgriSciencesStellenbosch UniversityStellenbosch Private Bag X1Stellenbosch7602South Africa

In a world of Google and AI, developing an encyclopedic coverage of a theme that is of great interest to biologists, social scientists, politicians and environmental managers, is a daunting challenge. Wattles is a book that presents new knowledge, makes interesting reading, and has the potential to stimulate research in a variety of disciplines. We learn that Acacia, commonly known as the wattles or acacias, is a genus of shrubs and trees comprising 1,083 species of which 417 are known to have been introduced to areas outside their native range. We are surprised to read that Australian acacias are found almost everywhere, in virtually all terrestrial habitats, including woodlands, grasslands, alpine settings,rainforests, coastal dunes and deserts, causing major environmental and socio-economic changes in the invaded regions. Until recently, Acacia comprised a group of plant species native to Africa, South America and Australasia, but the name is now reserved for species predominantly from Australia, including some from Southeast Asia. The genus name Acacia is Neo-Latin, and refers to a preparation extracted from the leaves and fruit pods of Vachellia nilotica, the original type of the genus.

关键词： Richardson outside Latin

Dietary exposure to di-isobutyl phthalate increases urinary 5-methyl-2′-deoxycytidine level and affects reproductive function in adult male mice

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第11期29卷 14-23页

作者： Yitao Pan Xiaoyang Wang Leo W.Y.Yeung Nan Sheng Qianqian Cui Ruina Cui Hongxia Zhang Jiayin Dai Key Laboratory of Animal ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Man-Technology-Environment research Centre (mtm) School of Science and Technology Orebro University Orebro SE -70182 Sweden

Phthalates are a large family of ubiquitous environmental pollutants suspected of being endocrine disruptors. Epidemiological studies have associated phthalate metabolites with decreased reproductive parameters and linked phthalate exposure with the level of urinary 5-methyl-2′-deoxycytidine（5mdC, a product of methylated DNA）. In this study, adult male mice were exposed to 450 mg di-isobutyl phthalate（DiBP）/（kg·day） via dietary exposure for 28 days. Mono-isobutyl phthalate（Mi BP, the urinary metabolite） and reproductive function parameters were determined. The levels of 5mdC and 5-hydroxymethyl-2′-deoxycytidine（5hmdC） were measured in urine to evaluate if their contents were also altered by DiBP exposure in this animal model. Results showed that DiBP exposure led to a significant increase in the urinary 5mdC level and significant decreases in sperm concentration and motility in the epididymis, accompanied with reduced testosterone levels and downregulation of the P450 cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme（P450scc） gene in the mice testes. Our findings indicated that exposure to DiBP increased the urinary 5mdC levels,which supported our recent epidemiological study about the associations of urinary 5mdC with phthalate exposure in the male human population. In addition, DiBP exposure impaired male reproductive function, possibly by disturbing testosterone levels; P450scc might be a major steroidogenic enzyme targeted by DiBP or other phthalates.

关键词： Di-isobutyl phthalate(DiBP) 'Reproductive function' 5-Methyl-2′-deoxycytidine(5mdC) 'Testosterone 'Deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA) methylation

Seasonal compensation implied no weakening of the land carbon sink in the Northern Hemisphere under the 2015/2016 El Niño

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第1期67卷 281-294页

作者： Fangzhong SHI Xiuchen WU Xiaoyan LI Philippe CIAIS Hongyan LIU Chao YUE Yuting YANG Shulei ZHANG Shushi PENG Yi YIN Benjamin POULTER Deliang CHEN State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource ecology Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Land Surface Processes and Ecological Conservation Qinghai Normal UniversityXining 810016China research and Development Center for Watershed Environmental Eco-Engineering Beijing Normal University(Zhuhai)Zhuhai 519085China Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement(LSCE) CEA-CNRS-UVSQUMR821291191Gif-sur-YvetteFrance College of Urban and Environmental Science MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface ProcessesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering Department of Hydraulic EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) School of Atmospheric SciencesSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA 91125USA Biospheric Sciences Laboratory NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMaryland 20771USA Regional Climate group Department of Earth SciencesUniversity of GothenburgGothenburg SE-40530Sweden

The recurrent extreme El Niño events are commonly linked to reduced vegetation growth and the land carbon sink over many but discrete regions of the Northern Hemisphere(NH).However,we reported here a pervasive and continuous vegetation greening and no weakened land carbon sink in the maturation phase of the 2015/2016 El Niño event over the NH(mainly in the extra-tropics),based on multiple evidences from remote sensing observations,global ecosystem model simulations and atmospheric CO_(2)*** discovered a significant compensation effect of the enhanced vegetation growth in spring on subsequent summer/autumn vegetation growth that sustained vegetation greening and led to a slight increase in the land carbon sink over the spring and summer of 2015(average increases of 23.34%and 0.63%in net ecosystem exchange from two independent datasets relative to a 5-years average before the El Niño event,respectively)and spring of 2016(6.82%),especially in the extra-tropics of the NH,where the water supply during the pre-growing-season(November of the previous year to March of the current year)had a positive *** seasonal compensation effect was much stronger than that in 1997 and 1998 and significantly alleviated the adverse impacts of the 2015/2016 El Niño event on vegetation growth during its maturation *** legacy effect of water supply during the pre-growing-season on subsequent vegetation growth lasted up to approximately six *** findings highlight the role of seasonal compensation effects on mediating the land carbon sink in response to episodic extreme El Niño events.

关键词： El Niño Seasonal compensation effect Vegetation greening Land carbon sink Net ecosystem exchange Legacy effect

New indices to balanceα-diversity against tree size inequality

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Journal of Forestry research 2024年第1期35卷 229-237页

作者： Li Zhang Brady K.Quinn Cang Hui Meng Lian Johan Gielis Jie Gao Peijian Shi College of ecology and Environment Bamboo Research InstituteNanjing Forestry University159 Longpan RoadNanjing 210037People’s Republic of China Fisheries and Oceans Canada Andrews Biological Station125 Marine Science DriveSt.AndrewsNB E5B 0E4Canada Department of Mathematical Sciences Centre for Invasion BiologyStellenbosch UniversityMatieland 7602South Africa Mathematical and Physical Biosciences African Institute for Mathematical SciencesCape Town 7945South Africa Department of Biosciences Engineering University of AntwerpB-2020 AntwerpBelgium College of Life Science Xinjiang Normal University102 Xinyi RoadUrumqi 830054People’s Republic of China

The number and composition of species in a community can be quantified withα-diversity indices,including species richness(R),Simpson’s index(D),and the Shannon-Wiener index(H΄).In forest communities,there are large variations in tree size among species and individu-als of the same species,which result in differences in eco-logical processes and ecosystem ***,tree size inequality(TSI)has been largely neglected in studies using the available diversity *** TSI in the diameter at breast height(DBH)data for each of 99920 m×20 m forest census quadrats was quantified using the Gini index(GI),a measure of the inequality of size *** generalized performance equation was used to describe the rotated and right-shifted Lorenz curve of the cumulative proportion of DBH and the cumulative proportion of number of trees per *** also examined the relationships ofα-diversity indices with the GI using correlation *** generalized performance equation effectively described the rotated and right-shifted Lorenz curve of DBH distributions,with most root-mean-square errors(990 out of 999 quadrats)beinggroup of *** study presents a useful tool for quantifying both species diversity and the variation in tree sizes in forest communities,especially in the face of cumulative species loss under global climate change.

关键词： Diameter at breast height(DBH) Gini index Shannon-Wiener index Simpson’s index Quadrat Tree size

Visible light-driven oxidation of non-native substrate by laccase attached on Ru-based metal-organic frameworks

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 741-753页

作者： Wenguang Huang Wentao Zhang Guantongyi Chen Yun Chen Jun Ma Dawei Huang Qinzheng Zhaoc Bingdang Wu State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment South China Institute of Environmental SciencesMinistry of Ecology and Environment of PRCGuangzhou 510655China Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Suzhou University of Science and TechnologySuzhou 215002China Key Laboratory of Suzhou Sponge City Technology Suzhou 215002China

Light-induced electron transfer can broaden the substrate range of ***,the efficiency of photo-enzyme coupling is limited by the poor combination of photosensitizer or photocatalyst with ***,we prepared the nano-photocatalyst MIL-125-NH_(2)@Ru(bpy)by in site embedding ruthenium pyridine-diimine complex[Ru(bpy)_(3)^(2+)into metal organic frameworks MIL-125-NH_(2)and associated it with multicopper oxidase(MCO)*** to[Ru(bpy)_(3)]^(2+),the coupling efficiency of MIL-125-NH_(2)@Ru(bpy)_(3)for enzymatic oxygen reduction increased by 35.7%.A series of characterizations confirmed that the amino group of laccase formed chemical bonds with the surface defects or hydrophobic groups of MIL-125-NH_(2)@Ru(bpy)_(3).Consequently,the tight binding accelerated the quenching process and electron transfer between laccase and the immobilized ruthenium pyridine-diimine *** work would open an avenue for the synthesis of MOFs photocatalyst towards photo-enzyme coupling.

关键词： Laccase Light-driven biocatalysis Ruthenium photocatalyst Metal-organic frameworks Enzyme immobilization

Growth responses of gypsy moth larvae to elevated CO2： the influence of methods of insect rearing

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Insect Science 2011年第4期18卷 409-418页

作者： Lan-Zhu Ji Lin-Li An Xiao-Wei Wang Biodiversity group Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang China

The effects of elevated CO2 on foliar chemistry of two tree species （Populus pseudo-simonii Kitag. and Betula platyphylla） and on growth of gypsy moth （Lymantria dispar L.） larvae were examined. Furthermore, we focused on the comparison of results on the growth responses of larvae obtained from two methods of insect rearing, the nochoice feeding trial performed in the laboratory or in situ in open-top chambers. On the whole, both primary and secondary metabolites in the leaves of the two tree species were significantly affected by main effects of time （sampling date）, CO2 and species. Elevated CO2 significantly increased the C： N ratio and concentrations of the soluble sugar, starch, total nonstructural carbohydrates, total phenolics and condensed tannins, but significantly decreased the concentration of nitrogen. Higher contents of total phenolics and condensed tannins were detected in the frass of larvae reared in elevated CO2 treatments. Overall, the growth of gypsy moth larvae were significantly inhibited by elevated CO2 and CO2- induced changes in leaf quality. Our study did not indicate the two methods of insect rearing could influence the direction of effects of elevated CO2 on the growth of individual insects; however, the magnitude of negative effects of elevated CO2 on larval growth did differ between the two insect rearing methods, and it seems that the response magnitude was also mediated by larval age and host plant species.

关键词： elevated CO2 leaf quality Lymantria dispar no-choice feeding open-topchamber

Advances and perspectives in environmental health research in China

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第6期18卷 105-113页

作者： Tong Zhu Yingjun Liu Shunqing Xu Guanghui Dong Cunrui Huang Nan Sang Yunhui Zhang Guanyong Su Jingwen Chen Jicheng Gong Guohua Qin Xinghua Qiu Jing Shang Haobo Wang Pengpeng Wang Mei Zheng SKL-ESPC&SEPKL-AERM Department of Environmental HealthCollege of Environmental Sciences and EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Center for Environment and Health Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China School of Life and Health Sciences Huainan UniversityHaikou 570228China Joint International research Laboratory of Environment and Health(Ministry of Education) Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk AssessmentDepartment of Occupational and Environmental HealthSchool of Public HealthSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080China Vanke School of Public Health Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China research Center of Environment and Health College of Environment and ResourceShanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China Department of Environmental Health School of Public HealthFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China School of Environmental and Biological Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China Key Laboratory of Industrial ecology and Environmental Engineering(Ministry of Education) Dalian Key Laboratory on Chemicals Risk Control and Pollution Prevention TechnologySchool of Environmental Science and TechnologyDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China Department of Occupational and Environmental Health College of Public HealthZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China

Environmental health research aims to identify environmental conditions suitable for the healthy living and reproduction of human *** the interdisciplinary research bridging environmental sciences and health/medical sciences,the impacts of physical,chemical,and biological environmental factors on human health are *** includes identifying environmental factors detrimental to human health,evaluating human exposure characteristics to environmental factors,clarifying causal relationships between environmental exposure and health effects,analyzing the underlying biochemical mechanisms,linking environmental factors to the onset and progression of diseases,establishing exposure-response relationships,and determining effect ***,the results of environmental health research can serve as a scientific basis for formulating environmental management strategies and guiding prevention and intervention measures at both the public and individual *** paper summarizes the recent advances and future perspectives of environmental health research in China,as reported by a group of Chinese scientists who recently attended a workshop in Hainan,*** it is not intended to provide a comprehensive review of this expansive field,it offers a glimpse into the significant progress made in understanding the health impacts of environmental factors over the past *** ahead,it is imperative not only to sustain efforts in studying the health effects of traditional environmental pollution,but also to prioritize research on the health impacts of emerging pollutants and climate change.

关键词： Environmental pollution Emerging pollutants Climate change Exposure Mechanism

The Impacts of Flood and Local Communities’ Coping Strategies along the River Gambia

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American Journal of Climate Change 2024年第3期13卷 522-542页

作者： Edward Mendy Sêmihinva Akpavi Sidat Yaffa Alpha Kargbo WASCAL-Graduate research Program in Climate Change and Disaster Risk Management Universite de Lome Lome Togo Laboratory of Botany and Plant ecology (LBPE) University of Lom Lome Togo School of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences University of The Gambia Kanifing The Gambia School of Arts and Sciences University of The Gambia Kanifing The Gambia

Flood disasters as Climate change hazards are common in developing countries, particularly in communities along the river Gambia. Local communities, for instance, had their local coping strategies that enabled them to stay in their communities even amid these ordeals, and climate change disaster threats. This work strives to understand flood impacts and the local peoples’ adaptation or coping strategies along the River Gambia basin. A community-based cross-sectional research study of 422 research participants of which 294 are males (69.7%) and females 128 (30.3%), and a focus group discussion of 10 groups which comprised 5 female groups and 5 male groups respectively found that 98.6% of the households experienced floods in their community, and 70.6% experienced flood in their houses, 2.1% have impending flood information and 88.4% do not know evacuation centres. The majority of the households had some local coping strategies, but they acknowledged their insufficient effectiveness. The result also shows that the impact of floods on farmlands, roads, buildings, and livestock was greatly felt. Coping strategies such as sandbags, raised elevations, contour bonds, dikes, and buildings on highlands were all found to be common mechanisms the local people used. The study opines that floods affect communities, but the effects vary depending on individual assets.

关键词： Coping Strategies Disaster Flood Impact Climate Change Hazard Local Communities

Mutual mate choice in the Asiatic toad, Bufo gargarizans,exerts stabilizing selection on body size

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2014年第1期59卷 38-45页

作者： Zhenhua Luo Chenliang Li Hui Wang Mian Zhao Qi Gu Zhirong Gu Chunlin Liao Hua Wu Molecular and Behavioural ecology research group College of Life Sciences Central China Normal University Badagongshan National Nature Reserve

Sexual selection is critical to both reproduction and *** effects of male–male competition and female choice regarding body size have been examined in a large number of taxa,including toad *** and females have different optimal reproductive strategies,achieving breeding advantages in discrepant ***,the relative contributions of intra-and inter-sexual size selection vary among ***,to understand the mechanisms affecting mating success,it is important to consider both male–male and male–female interactions simultaneously and elucidate their *** this study,we measured body sizes of all mated and unmated individuals in a population of Asiatic toad(Bufo gargarizans)and counted fertilized eggs of several *** on correlation and regression techniques,we tested for female choice and intra-sexual competition among males relative to body size gradients,and we compared the relative importance of these two processes for mating *** results reveal that male–male competition and female choice simultaneously contribute to sexual selection in ***,both interactions are most intense among smaller *** synergistic trends of male–male competition and female choice support the mutual mate choice hypothesis and works to stabilize body size in *** distributions of breeding success relative to body size were detected for both sexes,suggesting that medium-sized individuals enjoy a reproductive advantage in the population studied.

关键词：车身尺寸蟾蜍亚洲择偶稳定繁殖成功率繁殖策略竞争性