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The potential for an old-growth forest to store carbon in the topsoil:A case study at Sasso Fratino,Italy

Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第2期35卷 23-32页

作者： Tommaso chiti Nicola Benilli Giovanni Mastrolonardo Giacomo certini Dipartimento per la Innovazione nei Sistemi Biologici Agroalimentari e Forestali(DIBAF)Universitàdella TusciaVia San C.de Lellis Snc01100 ViterboItaly Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agrarie AlimentariAmbientali e Forestali(DAGRI)Universitàdegli Studi di FirenzeP.le delle Cascine 1850144 FirenzeItaly

There is considerable interest devoted to oldgrowth forests and their capacity to store carbon(c)in biomass and *** of c stocks in old-growth forests are carried out worldwide,although there is a lack of information on their actual potential for c *** further understand this,soil organic carbon(SOc)was measured in one of Italy's best-preserved old-growth forests,the Sasso Fratino Integral Nature *** reserve is on the World Heritage List along with other ancient beech forests of europe,and it is virtually untouched due to the steepness of the terrain,even before legal constraints were *** the sandstone-derived soils are often shallow,they are rich in organic ***,no quantification had been carried *** systematically sampling the topsoil across the forest,we accurately determined the average amount of SOc(62.0±16.9 Mg ha^(–1))and nitrogen(4.0±1.2 Mg ha^(–1))in the top 20 *** the ceNTURY model,future dynamics of SOc stocks were predicted to 2050 according to two climate scenarios,A1F1 and B2,the first of high concern and the second more *** model projected an increase of 0.2 and 0.3 Mg ha^(–1)a^(–1)by 2030 under the A1F1 and B2 scenarios,respectively,suggesting that the topsoil in old-growth forests does not reach equilibrium but continues accumulating ***,from 2030 to 2050,a decline in SOc accumulation is predicted,indicating SOc net loss at high altitudes under the worst-case *** study confirms that soils in oldgrowth forests play a significant role in carbon *** also suggests that climate change may affect the potential of these forests to store SOc not only in the long term but also in the coming years.

关键词： carbon sequestration ceNTURY model climate change Forest soil Soil nitrogen

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Towards efficient strain engineering of 2D materials:A four-points bending approach for compressive strain

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 5317-5325页

作者： Hao Li Félix carrascoso Ana Borrás Gloria P.Moreno Francisco J.Aparicio Ángel Barranco Andrés castellanos Gómez campus de cantoblanco Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de MadridC.Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz328049 MadridSpain Nanotechnology on Surfaces and Plasma Lab Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla(CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla).C/Americo Vespucio 49E-41092 SevilleSpain Departamento de Física Aplicada I Escuela Politécnica SuperiorUniversidad de Sevillac/Virgen deÁfrica 7E-41011 SevilleSpain

Strain engineering,as a powerful strategy to tune the optical and electrical properties of two-dimensional(2D)materials by deforming their crystal lattice,has attracted significant interest in recent years.2D materials can sustain ultra-high strains,even up to 10%,due to the lack of dangling bonds on their surface,making them ideal brittle *** remarkable mechanical resilience,together with a strong strain-tunable band structure,endows 2D materials with a broad optical and electrical response upon ***,strain engineering based on 2D materials is restricted by their nanoscale and strain quantification *** this study,we have modified a homebuilt three-points bending apparatus to transform it into a four-points bending apparatus that allows for the application of both compressive and tensile strains on 2D *** approach allows for the efficient and reproducible construction of a strain system and minimizes the buckling effect caused by the van der Waals interaction by adamantane encapsulation *** results demonstrate the feasibility of introducing compressive strain on 2D materials and the potential for tuning their optical and physical properties through this approach.

关键词： uniaxial compressive strain polymer encapsulation differential reflectance spectroscopy exciton tunability

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Plant triterpenoid saponins function as susceptibility factors to promote the pathogenicity of Botrytis cinerea

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Molecular Plant 2024年第7期17卷 1073-1089页

作者： Francisco J.escaray Amelia Felipo-Benavent cristian J.Antonelli Begona Balaguer Maria Pilar Lopez-Gresa Pablo Vera Instituto de Biologia Molecular y celular de Plantas Universidad Politecnica de Valencia-C.S.l.CCiudad Politecnica de la InnovacionEdificio 8Eacceso GIngeniero Fausto Elios/n46022ValenciaSpain

The gray mold fungus Botrytis cinerea is a necrotrophic pathogen that causes diseases in hundreds of plant species,including high-value *** polyxenous nature and pathogenic success are due to its ability to perceive host signals in its *** this study,we found that laticifer cells of euphorbia lathyris are a source of susceptibility factors required by *** to cause ***,poor-in-latex(pil)mutants,which lack laticifer cells,show full resistance to this pathogen,whereas lot-of-latex mutants,which produce more laticifer cells,are *** S factors are triterpenoid saponins,which are widely distributed natural products of vast structural *** downregulation of laticifer-specific oxydosqualene cyclase genes,which encode the first committed step enzymes for triterpene and,therefore,saponin biosynthesis,conferred disease resistance to ***,the Medicago truncatula Iha-1 mutant,compromised in triterpenoid saponin biosynthesis,showed enhanced ***,the application of different purified triterpenoid saponins pharmacologically complemented the diseaseresistant phenotype ofpil and hla-1 mutants and enhanced disease susceptibility in different plant *** found that triterpenoid saponins function as plant cues that signal transcriptional reprogramming in ***,leading to a change in its growth habit and infection strategy,culminating in the abundant formation of infection cushions,the multicellular appressoria apparatus dedicated to plant penetration and biomass destruction in *** together,these results provide an explanation for how plant triterpenoid saponins function as disease susceptibility factors to promote *** pathogenicity.

关键词： euphorbia lathyris laticifer cell latex appressorium infection cushion necrotrophic fungi

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Polymerization of 1,3-Butadiene with catalysts Based on cobalt Dichloride complexes with Aminophosphines: Switching the Regioselectivity by Varying the MAO/co Molar Ratio

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chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第4期42卷 501-510页

作者： Giovanni Ricci Anna Sommazzi Francesco Masi Alessandra Forni cNR-Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari“Giulio Natta”(ScITec) via A.Corti 1220133MilanoItaly Viale Giovanni XXIII 34 I-28100NovaraNOItaly Via Galvani 7 I-26866Sant’Angelo LodigianoLOItaly cNR-Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari“Giulio Natta”(ScITec) via C.Golgi 1920133MilanoItaly

Several novel cobalt dichloride complexes with amino-phosphine bidentate ligands were synthesized and *** some of them single crystals were obtained and their molecular structure was determined by X-ray diffraction *** the complexes were then used in combination with MAO for the polymerization of 1,3-butadiene,obtaining polymers with different structures(i.e.,predominantly 1,2 or cis-1,4)mainly depending on the type of ligand and on the MAO/co molar *** behavior of these novel catalysts was compared with that exhibited,in the polymerization of the same monomer,by the systems cocl_(2)(PR3)2-MAO and cocl_(2)(PRPh2)2-MAO(R=alkyl or cycloalkyl group),and by the systems based on cobalt dichloride complexes with various bi-and tridentate ligands(e.g.,diphosphines,bis-imines,pyridyl-imines,bis-iminopyridines).The comparison between the different systems allowed us to make some clarity about the actual and effective role played by the various types of ligands in the polymerization of conjugated dienes with catalytic systems cocl_(2)(L)-MAO,in which L=mono-,bi-,or tri-dentate ligand.

关键词： 1,3-Butadiene Stereospecific polymerization cobalt catalysts Regioselectivity Aminophosphine ligands crystal structures chelate rings

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Targeting epidermal growth factor receptor signaling to facilitate cortical injury repair?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第5期19卷 935-936页

作者： Ricardo Gómez-Oliva Pedro Nunez-Abades carmen castro Área de Fisiología Facultad de Medicina Universidad de CádizCadizSpain Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Biomedicina de cádiz CadizSpain Departamento de Fisiología Facultad de FarmaciaUniversidad de SevillaSevilleSpain

The existence of neural stem cells(NSc)in specific areas of the adult mammalian brain leads to the generation of new neurons involved in homeostatic *** is the case of the NSc of the subventricular zone(SVZ)that produces olfactory bulb(OB)*** neurons integrate into circuits to modulate sensory information and participate in olfactory processing(Bragado Alonso et al.,2019).A series of hierarchical events need to take place to produce OB neurons from NSc of the ***,the activation of quiescent NSc is necessary to produce intermediate transit amplifying progenitors(TAP),which will generate *** latter are cells that maintain a proliferative phenotype while in an immature ***,once they initiate migration toward the OB,they progressively undergo their differentiation into neurons(Kjell et al.,2020).

关键词： ventricular maintain

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eeG signal artefact removal using flower pollination fractional calculus optimisation

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International Journal of Intelligent computing and cybernetics 2022年第2期15卷 262-276页

作者： Jayalaxmi Anem G.Sateeshkumar R.Madhu e.c.e Aditya Institute of Technology and ManagementSrikakulamIndia e.c.e JNTUKKakinadaIndia

Purpose-The main aim of this paper is to design a technique for improving the quality of eeG signal by removing artefacts which is obtained during ***,pre-processing is done on eeG signal for quality ***,by using wavelet transform(WT)feature extraction is *** artefacts present in the eeG are removed using deep *** deep convLSTM is trained by proposed fractional calculus based flower pollination optimisation ***/methodology/approach-Nowadays’eeG signals play vital role in the field of neurophysiologic *** activities of human can be analysed by using eeG *** signals are frequently affected by noise during acquisition and other external disturbances,which lead to degrade the signal *** of eeG signals is necessary for the effective usage of signals in any *** paper proposes a new technique named as flower pollination fractional calculus optimisation(FPFcO)algorithm for the removal of artefacts fromeeGsignal through deep learning *** the integration of flower pollination optimisation and fractional calculus which takes the advantages of both the flower pollination optimisation and fractional calculus which is used to train the deep *** existed FPO algorithm is used for solution update through global and local *** this case,the fractional calculus(Fc)method attempts to include the past solution by including the second order *** a result,the suggested FPFcO algorithm approaches the best solution faster than the existing flower pollination optimization(FPO)***,5 eeGsignals are contaminated by artefacts such aseMG,eOG,eeGand *** contaminatedeeG signals are pre-processed to remove baseline and power line ***,feature extraction is done by using WTand extracted features are applied to deep convLSTM,which is trained by proposed fractional calculus based flower pollination optimisation a

关键词： Wavelet transform Deep convLSTM Flower pollination optimisation algorithm Fractional calculus eeG MSe RMSe SNR

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commentary on “Why people should run after positive affective experiences instead of health benefits”

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第4期13卷 451-452页

作者： Ting Wang Jinghua chen Robert Schinke Liye Zou Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory School of PsychologyShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China School of Kinesiology and Health Sciences Laurentian UniversitySudburyON P3E 2C6Canada

Maltagliati et al.1 recently highlighted the vital role of affective experiences in promoting physical activity(PA).The authors suggested that positive affective experiences,rather than health benefits,can tip the balance in favor of PA over sedentary *** authors proposed a new formal decision model between PA and sedentary alternatives and reported that when health benefits are the unique reason to action,the costs of PA(e.g.,effort)and the subjective value(SV)of sedentary alternatives(V_(sed))are the main drivers of decision-making processes.

关键词： benefits formal decision

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Origin of nucleation and growth of extension twins in grains unsuitably oriented for twinning during deformation of Mg-1%Al

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第3期12卷 1186-1203页

作者： Biaobiao Yang Javier LLorca IMDeA Materials Institute C/Eric Kandel 2GetafeMadrid 28906Spain Department of Materials Science Polytechnic University of Madrid/Universidad Politécnica de MadridE.T.S.de Ingenieros de CaminosMadrid 28040Spain

A large number of anomalous extension twins,with low or even negative twinning Schmid factors,were found to nucleate and grow in a strongly textured Mg-1Al alloy during tensile deformation along the extruded *** deformation mechanisms responsible for this behaviour were investigated through in-situ electron back-scattered diffraction,grain reference orientation deviation,and slip trace-modified lattice *** was found that anomalous extension twins nucleated mainly at the onset of plastic deformation at or near grain boundary triple *** were associated with the severe strain incompatibility between neighbour grains as a result from the differentbasal slip-induced lattice ***,the anomalous twins were able to grow with the applied strain due to the continuous activation ofbasal slip in different neighbour grains,which enhanced the strain *** results reveal the complexity of the deformation mechanisms in Mg alloys at the local level when deformed along hard orientations.

关键词： Magnesium extension twinning In-situ electron back-scattered diffraction basal slip Deformation mechanisms.

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Leveraging the potential of big genomic and phenotypic data for genome-wide association mapping in wheat

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The crop Journal 2024年第3期12卷 803-813页

作者： Moritz Lell Yusheng Zhao Jochen c.Reif Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and crop Plant Research(IPK) Corrensstraße 3D-06466 SeelandGermany

Genome-wide association mapping studies(GWAS)based on Big Data are a potential approach to improve marker-assisted selection in plant *** number of available phenotypic and genomic data sets in which medium-sized populations of several hundred individuals have been studied is rapidly *** these data and using them in GWAS could increase both the power of QTL discovery and the accuracy of estimation of underlying genetic effects,but is hindered by data heterogeneity and lack of *** this study,we used genomic and phenotypic data sets,focusing on central european winter wheat populations evaluated for heading *** explored strategies for integrating these data and subsequently the resulting potential for *** interoperability between data sets was greatly aided by some overlapping genotypes and a linear relationship between the different phenotyping protocols,resulting in high quality integrated phenotypic *** this context,genomic prediction proved to be a suitable tool to study relevance of interactions between genotypes and experimental series,which was low in our *** to expectations,fewer associations between markers and traits were found in the larger combined data than in the individual experimental ***,the predictive power based on the marker-trait associations of the integrated data set was higher across data ***,the results show that the integration of medium-sized to Big Data is an approach to increase the power to detect QTL in *** results encourage further efforts to standardize and share data in the plant breeding community.

关键词： Big Data Genome-wide association study Data integration Genomic prediction Wheat

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efficient removal of the recalcitrant metamizole contaminant from drinking water by using a caLacoO_(9) perovskite supported on recycled polyethylene

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 56-67页

作者： ernesto Valadez-Renteria christian Perez-carrasco Dulce Yolotzin Medina-Velazquez Vicente Rodriguez-Gonzalez Jorge Oliva cONAcYT-División de Materiales Avanzados Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica A.C.San Luis PotosíSLP 78216México División de.c.encias Básicas e Ingeniería Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana AzcapotzalcoCol.Reynosa-TamaulipasC.P.MéxicoDF 02200México

Metamizole(MZ)is a widely used anti-inflammatory *** to its common use,this contaminant is found in sewage and *** order to reduce the contamination produced by the MZ,we fabricated in this work a photocatalytic composite using recycled polyethylene(RPe)and the caLacoO_(9)(LccO)*** nanoparticles had a microplate-like morphology and sizes of 1.4–5.5μm according to the analysis of *** photocatalytic properties of the LccO powders were evaluated under ultraviolet-visible(UV-Vis)irradiation and found a removal efficiency of 96%.When the RPe+LccO composite was employed for the photocatalytic degradation of MZ,a maximum degradation of 92.5%was *** influence of the pH on the photocatalytic activity was also studied and found that an initial pH=3 produced a total degradation of MZ after 240 min of UV-Vis ***,three reuse cycles were carried out for the pure LccO powders and for the RPe+LccO composites and found that the maximum loss of degradation was 5%.Furthermore,scavenger experiments demonstrated that the super oxide and hydroxyl radicals are formed during the photocatalytic reaction and were responsible for the degradation of ***,the X-ray photoelectron-spectroscopy and Raman analysis demonstrated the formation of defects(oxygen vacancies),those ones delayed the electron-hole recombination,which in turn,enhanced the degradation of the ***,the studies performed in this work proved that composites made with recycled plastics and LccO perovskites are a low-cost and feasible alternative for the.c.eaning of water sources polluted with pharmaceutical compounds.

关键词： Photocatalysis Metamizole Pharmaceutical contaminant UV-Vis irradiation Perovskite

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