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Improvements of a Dynamic Global Vegetation Model and Simulations of Carbon and Water at an Upland-Oak Forest

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2007年第2期24卷 311-322页

作者：毛嘉富王斌戴永久 F.I.WOODWARD p.J.HANSON M.R.LOMAS State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics (LASG) Institute of Atmospheric physics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Geography Beijing Normal University Centre for Terrestrial Carbon Dynamics and Department of Animal and plant Sciences University of Sheffield UK environmental Sciences Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory P.O.Box 2008Oak RidgeTennessee 37831-6422US

The interest in the development and improvement of dynamic global vegetation models （DGVMs）, which have the potential to simulate fluxes of carbon, water and nitrogen, along with changes in the vegetation dynamics, within an integrated system, has been increasing. In this paper, some numerical schemes and a higher resolution soil texture dataset were employed to improve the Sheffield Dynamic Global Vegetation Model （SDGVM）. Using eddy covariance-based measurements, we then tested the standard version of the SDGVM and the modified version of the SDGVM. Detailed observations of daily carbon and water fluxes made at the upland oak forest on the Walker Branch Watershed in Tennessee, USA offered a unique opportunity for these comparisons. The results revealed that the modified version of the SDGVM did a reasonable job of simulating the carbon and water flux and the variation of soil water content （SWC）. However, at the end of the growing season, it failed to simulate the effect of the limitations on the soil respiration dynamics and as a result underestimated this respiration. It was also noted that the modified version overestimated the increase in the SWC following summer rainfall, which was attributed to an inadequate representation of the ground water and thermal cycle.

关键词： dynamic global vegetation models terrestrial carbon and water fluxes eddy covariance calibration

Subcutaneous or Transvenous Defibrillator Therapy

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四川生理科学杂志 2021年第1期43卷 125-125页

作者： Reinoud e Knops From the Heart Center Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences Amsterdam University Medical Centers University of Amsterdam (R.E.K. L.R.A.O.N. L.V.A.B. T.F.B. A.-F.B.E.Q. L.S. W.S. A.W. K.C.W. J.R.G. K.M.K. M.C.B. J.G.P.T. A.A.M.W.) ERN GUARD-Heart (E.R.B. P.D.L. A.A.M.W.) and the Department of Cardiology OLVG (J.S.S.G.J.) Amsterdam the Department of Cardiology Isala Heart Centre Zwolle (P.-P.H.M.D.) the Department of Cardiology St. Antonius Hospital Nieuwegein (L.V.A.B.) the Department of Cardiology Flevoziekenhuis Almere (N.R.B.) the Department of Cardiology Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen (M.A.B.) the Department of Cardiology Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht Maastricht University Medical Center Maastricht (K.V.) the Department of Cardiology Amphia Hospital Breda (M.A.) Werkgroep Cardiologische Centra Nederland Utrecht (M.A.) and the Department of Electrophysiology Catharina Hospital Eindhoven (F.A.L.E.B.) - all in the Netherlands the First Department of Medicine-Cardiology University Medical Center Mannheim and the German Center for Cardiovascular Research Partner Site Heidelberg-Mannheim Mannheim (J.K.) Klinik für Innere Medizin III Schwerpunkt Kardiologie und Angiologie Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel Kiel (H.B.) the Department of Medicine I Ludwig-Maximilians University Hospital and the German Center for Cardiovascular Research Munich Heart Alliance Munich (S.K.) and the Department of Electrophysiology Heart Center at University of Leipzig Leipzig (S.R.) - all in Germany the Division of Cardiology Section of electrophysiology Emory University Atlanta (M.F.E.-C.) the Cardiology Clinical Academic Group St. George's University of London and St. George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust London (E.R.B.) and Office of the Director of Clinical Electrophysiology Research and Lead for Inherited Arrhythmia Specialist Services University College London and

Background:The subcutaneous implantable cardioverter-defibrillator(ICD)was designed to avoid complications related to the transvenous ICD lead by using an entirely extrathoracic *** comparing these systems has been based primarily on observational ***:We conducted a noninferiority trial in which patients with an indication for an ICD but no indication for pacing were assigned to receive a subcutaneous ICD or transvenous *** primary end point was the composite of device-related complications and inappropriate shocks;the noninferiority margin for the upper boundary of the 95%confidence interval for the hazard ratio(subcutaneous ICD *** ICD)was 1.45.A superiority analysis was prespecified if noninferiority was established.

关键词： venous Therapy entirely

Screening of Type 2 Diabetes in the City of Belo Horizonte: Differences between Genders

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Open Journal of endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2016年第4期6卷 141-149页

作者： Braulio Roberto Gonçalves Marinho Couto Katiussia Brito porto Fabiane de Freitas Sales Deborah Campos Oliveira Larissa da Silva pacheco Lídia Christina Guimarães pereira Talita Santos de Almeida Geiza Francielle Rodrigues de Souza Mariana Santos Romualdo Jaqueline paulino de Souza Clara Araújo Veloso Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde (ICBS) Centro Universitário de Belo Horizonte Brasil

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a major public health problem that carries a high social and economic burden. Its diagnosis is unknown in half of individuals who have the disease. The diagnosis of the risk factors should be done in the beginning, since changes in lifestyle and hyperglycemic correction may delay the appearance of the disease and its complications. In this context, screening has been considered an important tool for an early detection of diabetes in asymptomatic adults. Objective: The objective is to track diabetes in people from BH, comparing genders. patients and methods: people were interviewed with questions concerning the risk factors associated with the development of diabetes. According to the risk factors present, they were classified as non-diabetic [ND], pre-diabetic [pD] or diabetic [DM]. Statistical analyses were performed considering p ≤ 0.05 as significant. Results: 1264 individuals participated (5.5% DM, 6.5% pD, 88.0% ND). When grouped, pD and DM males were more prevalent than pD and DM females. Those in the DM group had higher blood pressure, age, glycaemia, number of past smokers, first-degree relatives with diabetes than either pD or ND. Both males and females in DM and pD groups had a higher waist circumference than did either ND males or females. ND men had a higher intake of fried food and smoked more in the past than ND women. Both ND and pD males had higher blood pressure than women from the same groups. Conclusion: Screening for diabetes is very important for an early diagnosis and to avoid future complications in patients. It’s possible to infer that women are more conscientious when it comes to taking care of themselves than men.

关键词： Diabetes Mellitus Screening Gender Risk Factors

Nutrients in litterfall,forest floor and mineral soils in two adjacent forest ecosystems in Greece

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第1期31卷 291-301页

作者： panagiotis Michopoulos Kostas Kaoukis George Karetsos Theodoros Grigoratos Constantini Samara H.A.O.DeMeTeR-Institute of Mediterranean Forest ecosystems Terma Alkmanos11528 AthensGreece Department of Chemistry Environmental Pollution Control LaboratoryAristotle University Thessaloniki54124 ThessalonikiGreece Sustainable Transport Unit(STU) Institute for EnergyTransport and Climate Change(IETC)Joint Research Centre(JRC)Via E Fermi 274921027 IspraItaly

The fluxes of masses and the nutrients Ca,Mg,K,N,p and S were determined in the litterfall of two adjacent forest ecosystems of Hungarian oak(Quercus frainetto L.)and european beech(Fagus sylvatica L.)in a mountainous area of northeastern Greece in 2010–*** foliar litterfall for both species reached about 70%of the total litterfall,and was significantly higher from the other two fractions(woody and rest litterfall).The fluxes of masses and nutrients were compared between ecosystems for each fraction *** one significant statistical difference was found,that of K in the woody *** addition,the stocks of masses and nutrients were calculated in the forest floors and mineral soils of the two ***,the stocks of nutrients in the forest floors and mineral soils were compared between *** the L horizon of the forest floors,statistical differences,as a result of species effect,were found for the stocks of Ca and *** the FH horizons,the masses and all the nutrient stocks differed significantly,as the beech plot had much higher quantities of organic matter and *** higher quantities were probably due to low soil temperatures(microclimate)and high acidity in the beech plot(species effect)that slowed down *** the mineral soils,the propagation of random error derived from random errors of the individual soil layers was an important factor in the statistical *** of the soil acidity in the beech plot,the stocks of exchangeable base cations were significantly higher in the oak plot,whereas the other nutrient stocks did not differ.

关键词： Beech Oak Litterfall Forest floor Mineral soil Nutrients

post-fire regeneration dynamics in whitebark pine(pinus albicaulis) forests in Wind River and Absaroka Mountains,Wyoming, USA

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Journal of Forestry Research 2015年第3期26卷 719-733页

作者： Jennifer G.Klutsch Betsy A.Goodrich William R.Jacobi Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and pest Management Colorado State University Ft. CollinsCO 80523-1177 USA Department of Renewable Resources University of Alberta 442 Earth Science BuildingEdmonton AB T6G 2E3 Canada School of Forestry Northern Arizona University PO Box 15018 Flagstaff AZ 86011 USA

Whitebark pine （pinus albicaulis） populations are in decline across the species＇ range due to historic wildfire exclusion, mountain pine beetle （Dendroctonus ponderosae, MpB） outbreaks, and an invasive fungal pathogen causing the disease white pine blister rust （Cronartium ribicola, WpBR）. Despite reliance on stand- replacing fires, information on whitebark pine regeneration occurrence is limited and the trajectory of future forests is largely unknown in some areas of the range. Regeneration densities were assessed in burned and adjacent non-burned areas at six high elevation locations in northwest Wyoming where stand-replacing fires occurred 8-32 years before thesurveys. In these locations at the eastern extent of the species range, we assessed what site factors were associ- ated with regeneration success. Whitebark pine regen- eration density was greater and seedlings were older in non-burned compared to burned areas. Within burns, north aspects had more regeneration than south aspects. potential seed source densities and other species＇ regeneration were positively related to whitebark p^ne regeneration densities in burned areas. South facing slopes or grass covered areas may have either delayed or no regeneration of whitebark pine without the help of artificial planting.

关键词： Recruitment Age structure White pineblister rust - Mountain pine beetle Restoration

U-pb provenance fingerprints of metavolcanic-sedimentary successions of the Mineiro belt:proxies for the continuity of plate tectonics through the paleoproterozoic

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第5期13卷 309-335页

作者： W.Teixeira C.A.Ávila I.A.Dussin e.Bongiolo Instituto de Geociências Universidade de São PauloBrazil Museu Nacional Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroBrazil Faculdade de Geologia Universidade do Estado do Rio de JaneiroBrazil programa de pós-graduação em Geociências Instituto de GeociênciasUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulBrazil

We document new U-pb detrital zircon LA-MC-ICp-MS data for seven metavolcanic-sedimentary successions and metasedimentary sequences and reassess additional dates of five siliciclastic samples toward their tectonic significance in the context of the Mineiro belt,Southern São Francisco *** belt represents a crustal segment of the 2.47–2.00 Ga Minas Orogen,classically known by its Siderian and Rhyacian juvenile rocks with important implications in the earth’s *** new and compiled detrital provenance constraints unravel the long-lived magmatic and sedimentary history of the studied basins,lasting ca.230–220 *** maximum depositional dates around 2.1 Ga reflect the renewed sediment budget with the subsequent metamorphic episode ca.2.0 *** of the unmixed relative probability diagrams are consistent with sourcing from the Siderian and Rhyacian arcs of the Mineiro belt,determining a detrital provenance change in time and space for the precursor *** potential sources could be the youngest rocks of the Mantiqueira and Juiz de Fora terranes that constitute the other segments of the Minas Orogen,given the age *** overall detrital fingerprints determine the study basins resumed mainly in Rhyacian fore-arc and/or back-arc settings,i.e.,akin to a subductionrelated system that evolved to a collisional(foreland)*** samples show fingerprints of primary extensional settings,determined by major Archean detrital populations sourced from areas outside the Mineiro belt beside the paleoproterozoic *** working model considers the collage between the Mineiro belt and the ancient foreland around 2.10 Ga and eventual interaction with other crustal segments of the Minas Orogen,generating the ca.2.0 Ga metamorphism over the metasedimentary *** more complete isotopic repository in detrital and igneous zircon grains for the studied supracrustal successions and the associated rocks allows new insights into the Rhyacian–Oro

关键词： paleoproterozoic São Francisco Craton Detrital zircon geochronology Metavolcanic-sedimentary basin

passively Q-switched femtosecond-laser-written thulium waveguide laser based on evanescent field interaction with carbon nanotubes

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photonics Research 2018年第10期6卷 971-980页

作者： eSROM KIFLe pAVeL LOIKO JAVIeR RODRíGUeZ VáZQUeZ De ALDANA CAROLINA ROMeRO AIRáN RóDeNAS SUN YUNG CHOI JI eUN BAe FABIAN ROTeRMUND VIKTOR ZAKHAROV ANDReY VeNIAMINOV MAGDALeNA AGUILó FRANCeSC DíAZ UWe GRIeBNeR VALeNTIN peTROV XAVIeR MATeOS Universitat Rovira i Virgili Departament Quimica Fisica i Inorgànica Fisica i Cristal·lografia de Materials i Nanomaterials (FiCMA-FiCNA)-EMaS Campus Sescelades E-43007 Tarragona Spain ITMO University 49 Kronverkskiy pr. 197101 St. Petersburg Russia Aplicaciones del Láser y Fotónica University of Salamanca 37008 Salamanca Spain Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IFN-CNR) Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32 20133 Milano Italy Department of physics KAIST 291 Daehak-ro Yuseong-gu 34141 Daejeon South Korea Max Born Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short pulse Spectroscopy Max-Bom-Str. 2a D-12489 Berlin Germany

Surface channel waveguides(WGs) were fabricated in a monoclinic Tm^(3+):KLu(WO_4)_2 crystal by femtosecond direct laser writing(fs-DLW). The WGs consisted of a half-ring cladding with diameters of 50 and 60 μm located just beneath the crystal surface. They were characterized by confocal laser microscopy and μ-Raman spectroscopy,indicating a reduced crystallinity and stress-induced birefringence of the WG cladding. In continuous-wave(CW)mode, under Ti:sapphire laser pumping at 802 nm, the maximum output power reached 171.1 mW at 1847.4 nm,corresponding to a slope efficiency η of 37.8% for the 60 μm diameter WG. The WG propagation loss was0.7 0.3 d B∕cm. The top surface of the WGs was spin-coated by a polymethyl methacrylate film containing randomly oriented(spaghetti-like) arc-discharge single-walled carbon nanotubes serving as a saturable absorber based on evanescent field coupling. Stable passively Q-switched(pQS) operation was achieved. The pQS60 μm diameter WG laser generated a record output power of 150 m W at 1846.8 nm with η = 34.6%. The conversion efficiency with respect to the CW mode was 87.6%. The best pulse characteristics(energy/duration)were 105.6 nJ/98 ns at a repetition rate of 1.42 MHz.

关键词：激光技术波导技术发展现状通讯技术

Dynamics of Zn between soil and plant in Northeast Leymus chinensis grassland

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Journal of Forestry Research 2006年第3期17卷 206-210页

作者： ZHOU Xiao-mei GUO Ji-xun WANG Yong ZHOU Tian School of Life Science Jilin Normal University Siping 136000 P. R. China Institute of Grassland Science Key Laboratory for Vegetation Ecology of Ministry of Education Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 P. R. China

A study was conducted to determine the dynamic of Zn content between soil and plant in the natural protection zone of Leymus chinensis grassland in Changling County （44°30′-44°45′N; 123°31 ′-124°10′e）, Jilin province, China. Results showed that the total Zn content was lower, available Zn content had a moderate level in the soil, and the plants was not lack of Zn. During the growing season, content of total Zn and available Zn in soil showed a down-trend distribution along the soil profile. Content of total Zn had a significantly positive correlation with that of the organic matter, but it was negatively correlated to soil pH. Monthly dynamic of the average content of total Zn showed a ＂V＂ type curve in the growing season from May to August, and July was the nadir. The trend of the average content of available Zn was similar to the content of total Zn, but was down after August; Zn content variation in the organs and litter of L. chinensis was great, with the order of root〉rhizome 〉leaf〉stem〉litter. The ratio of available Zn content in A layer versus B layer was more than 2 times that of the total Zn, which indicated that the soil of A layer had higher enrichment capacity of available Zn. The enrichment of Zn in the root of L chinensis was 44.17 times as that in the soil. The absorbing intensity of root had a significantly negative correlation with the activity of Zn in the soil （r=-0.8800, p〈0.01）.

关键词： Leymus chinensis grassland Soil Zn

Deep Consensus Network for Recycling Waste Detection in Smart Cities

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第5期75卷 4191-4205页

作者： Manar Ahmed Hamza Hanan Abdullah Mengash Noha Negm Radwa Marzouk Abdelwahed Motwakel Abu Sarwar Zamani Department of Computer and Self Development Preparatory Year DeanshipPrince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University16278AlKharjSaudi Arabia Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Science and ArtsKing Khalid UniversityMahayil Asir62529Saudi Arabia

Recently,urbanization becomes a major concern for developing as well as developed *** to the increased urbanization,one of the important challenging issues in smart cities is waste ***,automated waste detection and classification model becomes necessary for the smart city and to accomplish better recyclable waste *** recycling of waste offers the chance of reducing the quantity of waste disposed to the land fill by minimizing the requirement of collecting raw *** study develops a novel Deep Consensus Network with Whale Optimization Algorithm for Recycling Waste Object Detection(DCNWORWOD)in Smart *** goal of the DCNWO-RWOD technique intends to properly identify and classify the objects into recyclable and non-recyclable *** proposed DCNWO-RWOD technique involves the design of deep consensus network(DCN)to detect waste objects in the input *** improving the overall object detection performance of the DCN model,the whale optimization algorithm(WOA)is ***,Na飗e Bayes(NB)classifier is used for the classification of detected waste objects into recyclable and non-recyclable *** performance validation of theDCNWO-RWOD technique takes place using the open access *** extensive comparative study reported the enhanced performance of the DCNWO-RWOD technique interms of several measures.

关键词： Smart city waste management object detection recycling deep consensus network