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Functionality of a next generation biosynthetic bacterial 6-phytase in enhancing phosphorus availability to weaned piglets fed a corn-soybean meal-based diet without added inorganic phosphate

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Animal nutrition 2020年第1期6卷 24-30页

作者： Yueming Dersjant-Li Boris Villca Vincent Sewalt Arno de Kreij Leon Marchal Deepak E.Velayudhan Robin *** Trine Christensen Rie Mejldal Igor Nikolaev Sina Pricelius Hye-Sook Kim Svend Haaning Jens F.Sorensen Rosil Lizardo dupont nutrition and Biosciences Archimedesweg302333CN Leidenthe Netherlands Institut de Recerca I Tecnologia Agroalimentaries Centre Mas de BoverCtra.Reus-El Morell km.3.8E-43120Constantly Spain dupont nutrition&Biosciences 925 Page Mill RoadPalo AltoCA 94304USA dupont nutrition&Biosciences 21 Biopolis RoadNucleosSouth Tower138567Singapore dupont nutrition and Biosciences Edwin Rahrs Vej 38DK-8220BrabrandDenmark

The utility of a next generation biosynthetic bacterial 6-phytase(PhyG)in restoring bone ash,bone phosphorus(P)content and performance in piglets depleted in P was evaluated.A total of 9 treatments were tested as follows.Treatment 1,a negative control(NC)diet;treatments 2,3,4,NC supplemented with 250,500 or 1,000 FTU/kg of PhyG;treatments 5,6,NC supplemented with 500 or 1,000 FTU/kg of a commercial Buttiauxella sp phytase(PhyB);treatments 7,8,9,NC supplemented with monocalcium phosphate(MCP)to provide 0.7,1.4 and 1.8 g/kg digestible P,equating to a digestible P content of 1.8,2.5 and 2.9 g/kg.The latter constituting the positive control(PC)diet with adequate P and calcium(Ca).The NC was formulated without inorganic P(1.1 g digestible P/kg)and reduced in Ca(5.0 g/kg).Additional limestone was added to treatments 7 to 9 to maintain Ca-to-P ratio between 1.2 and 1.3.A total of 162 crossed Pietrain x(Large White×Landrace)21-d-old piglets(50%males and 50%females)were fed adaptation diets until 42 d old and then assigned to pens with 2 pigs/pen and 9 pens/treatment in a completely randomized block design.Piglets were fed mash diets based on corn and soybean meal ad libitum for 28 d.At the end of the study,one piglet perpen was euthanized and the right feet collected for determination of bone strength,bone ash and mineral content.Compared with the PC,the NC group had reduced average daily gain(ADG)and increased feed conversion ratio(FCR)during all growth phases and overall,and at d 28(70 d old)NC pigs had bones with reduced ash,Ca and P content(P500 FTU/kg,both PhyG and PhyB maintained ADG and FCR equivalent to PC.Linear regression analysis was done to compare the measured response parameters to increasing digestible P from MCP.Based on this analysis it was shown that PhyG and PhyB at 1,000 FTU/kg could replace 1,83 and 1.66 g/kg digestible P from MCP in the diet,respectively,on av

关键词： Biosynthetic bacterial 6-phytase Bone ash Efficacy Growth performance Pigs

Comparison of bacterial quantities in left and right colon biopsies and faeces

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第32期18卷 4404-4411页

作者： Anna Lyra Sofia Forssten Peter Rolny Yvonne Wettergren Sampo J Lahtinen Krista Salli Lennart Cedgrd Elisabeth Odin Bengt Gustavsson Arthur C Ouwehand dupont nutrition and health KantvikActive Nutrition02460 KantvikFinland Department of Medicine Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgS-41685 GothenburgSweden Wasa MedicalsAB Probiotic DivisionS-302 91 HalmstadSweden Department of Surgery Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgS-41685 GothenburgSweden

AIM:To compare quantities of predominant and pathogenic bacteria in mucosal and faecal samples.METHODS:Twenty patients undergoing diagnostic colonoscopy with endoscopically and histologically normal mucosa were recruited to the study,14 subjects of which also supplied faecal(F) samples between 15 d to 105 d post colonoscopy.Mucosal biopsies were taken from each subject from the midportion of the ascending colon(right side samples,RM) and the sigmoid(left side samples,LM).Predominant intestinal and mucosal bacteria including clostridial 16S rRNA gene clusters Ⅳ and ⅩⅣab,Bacteroidetes,Enterobacteriaceae,Bifidobacterium spp.,Akkermansia muciniphila(A.muciniphila),Veillonella spp.,Collinsella spp.,Faecalibacterium prausnitzii(F.prausnitzii) and putative pathogens such asEscherichia coli(E.coli),Clostridium difficile(C.difficile),Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori) and Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus) were analysed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR).Host DNA was quantified from the mucosal samples with human glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene targeting qPCR.Paired t tests and the Pearson correlation were applied for statistical analysis.RESULTS:The most prominent bacterial groups were clostridial groups Ⅳ and ⅩⅣa+b andBacteroidetes and bacterial species F.prausnitzii in both sample types.H.pylori and S.aureus were not detected and C.difficile was detected in only one mucosal sample and three faecal samples.E.coli was detected in less than half of the mucosal samples at both sites,but was present in all faecal samples.All detected bacteria,except Enterobacteriaceae,were present at higher levels in the faeces than in the mucosa,but the different locations in the colon presented comparable quantities(RM,LM and F followed byP 1 for RMvs F,P 2 for LMvs F andP 3 for RM vs LM:4.17 ± 0.60 log 10 /g,4.16 ± 0.56 log 10 /g,5.88 ± 1.92 log 10 /g,P 1 = 0.011,P 2 = 0.0069,P 3 = 0.9778 forA.muciniphila;6.25 ± 1.3 log 10 /g,6.09 ± 0.81 log 10 /g,8.84 ± 1.38 log 10 /g,P 1 < 0.0001,P 2 = 0.0002,P 3 = 0.6893 forBacteroi

关键词：细菌数量结肠镜粪便 Pearson相关系数金黄色葡萄球菌幽门螺旋杆菌梭状芽胞杆菌样本检测

Irritable bowel syndrome symptom severity improves equally with probiotic and placebo

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第48期22卷 10631-10642页

作者： Anna Lyra Markku Hillila Teppo Huttunen Sofia Mannikko Mikko Taalikka Julia Tennila Anneli Tarpila Sampo Lahtinen Arthur C Ouwehand Lea Veijola dupont nutrition and health Global Health and Nutrition ScienceDanisco Sweeteners Oy02460 KantvikFinland Clinic of Gastroenterology University of Helsinki and University Hospital00290 HelsinkiFinland 4Pharma Ltd Lemminkaisenkatu 120520 TurkuFinland Mehilainen Oy Pohjoinen Hesperiankatu 1700260 HelsinkiFinland

AIM To determine the effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM on irritable bowel syndrome(IBS) symptoms and quality of life(Qo L).METHODS In this randomized triple-blind trial, adult IBS volunteerswho were recruited according to Rome Ⅲ criteria received 109 or 1010 colony-forming units of NCFM or placebo daily for 12 wk. IBS Symptom Severity Score(IBS-SSS), which constituted the primary outcome, and secondary outcomes, including individual IBS symptoms, IBS-related QoL questionnaire, anxiety and depression, defecation frequency, and stool consistency, were assessed at baseline at the end of the 8-wk runin period, after 4 and 12 wk of intervention, and after a 4-wk washout.RESULTS A total of 340 of 391 randomized volunteers completed the trial. IBS-SSS improved over 12 wk of treatment in all treatment groups, decreasing by a mean ± SD of 44.0 ± 80.2, 50.8 ± 82.4, and 48.3 ± 72.2 in the placebo, active low-dose, and active high-dose groups, respectively. Similarly, secondary outcomes did not differ between treatment groups. However, in a post hoc analysis of volunteers with moderate to severe abdominal pain at baseline(VAS > 35/100), the treatment significantly reduced the sensation of abdominal pain. Pain scores fell by 20.8 ± 22.8, 29.4 ± 17.9, and 31.2 ± 21.9 in the placebo, active low-dose, and active high-dose groups, respectively(P value for placebo vs combined active doses = 0.0460).CONCLUSION NCFM alleviates moderate to severe abdominal pain, consistent with earlier observations of this strain mitigating visceral pain through increased analgesic receptor expression.

关键词： Irritable bowel syndrome Functional bowel disorder Symptom questionnaire Quality of life Visceral pain Abdominal pain Lactobacillus acidophilus Probiotic Intervention

Productive performance of commercial growing and finishing pigs supplemented with a Buttiauxella phytase as a total replacement of inorganic phosphate

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Animal nutrition 2018年第4期4卷 351-357页

作者： Yueming Dersjant-Li Peter Plumstead Ajay Awati Janet Remus Danisco Animal nutrition DuPont Industrial Biosciences Marlborough SN8 1XN United Kingdom Department of Animal and Wildlife Sciences Faculty of Agricultural and Natural Sciences University of Pretoria Hatfield Pretoria 0028 South Africa Danisco Animal nutrition DuPont Industrial Biosciences St. Louis MO 63167 USA

The objective of this study was to test if a novel phytase from Buttiauxella sp. can replace all added inorganic phosphate in a diet with reduced Ca and metabolizable energy(ME) fed to commercial pigs from12 kg body weight(BW) until slaughter, whilst maintaining performance and carcass quality parameters.Four dietary treatments were tested in a completely randomized design with 9 replicate pens, each containing 31 mixed sex Newsham Choice pigs. Diets included a positive control(PC) based on corn,soybean meal, wheat middling and bakery meal, meeting all nutrient requirement of pigs; a negative control(NC) excluded inorganic phosphate and with reduced Ca(-0.13%) and ME(-0.15 MJ/kg); and NC supplemented with Buttiauxella phytase at 500 or 1,000 FTU/kg feed. Diets were fed ad libitum in mash form in 5 phases: starter(12 to 25 kg BW), grower 1(25 to 50 kg BW) and 2(50 to 75 kg BW), and finisher1(75 to 100 kg BW) and 2(100 kg BW to slaughter). The NC group showed lower(P < 0.05) average daily feed intake(ADFI) and average daily gain(ADG) in starter and grower phases, lower gain to feed ratio(G:F)in starter and grower 1 compared with PC. Pigs receiving the high dose of phytase of 1,000 FTU/kg had improved performance vs. the 500 FTU/kg phytase treatment in starter and grower 1 phase compared with the PC in grower 1 phase. Increasing phytase dose resulted in a linear increase in ADG(12 to120 kg BW) and G:F(50 to 75 kg BW). A comparison of treatment groups over the full production period from 12 kg BW until slaughter showed that both 500 and 1,000 FTU/kg phytase treatments were able to maintain growth performance and carcass characteristics compared with PC. The application of Buttiauxella phytase could therefore be used as an effective strategy to replace all inorganic phosphate in diets of pigs fed corn, soybean meal, wheat middling and bakery meal based diets from 12 kg BW. An economic analysis showed greater return from both phytase treatments vs. the PC and favored the higher phytase dose at 1,000 FTU/kg vs. the trad

关键词： Buttiauxella phytase Carcass Pigs Phosphorus Productive performance

Influence of a probiotic mixture on antibiotic induced microbiota disturbances

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第33期20卷 11878-11885页

作者： Sofia Forssten Malkanthi Evans Dale Wilson Arthur C Ouwehand Active nutrition DuPont Nutrition & Health 02460 Kantvik Finland KGK Synergize London ONN6A 5R8 Canada

AIM: To study the effect of probiotic consumption on the faecal microbiota during and after antibiotic exposure.METHODS: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group study with a two species probiotic combination [Lactobacillus acidophilus(L. acidophilus) ATCC 700396 and Bifidobacterium lactis(B. lactis) ATCC SD5220] on healthy adults during and after antibiotic treatment(amoxicillin 875 and 125 mg clavulanate). The dominant faecal microbiota was studied by real time-polymerase chain reaction to determine if this probiotic preparation could facilitate restoring the microbiota to its pre-antibiotic state and influence the prevalence of beta-lactam resistance. Gastrointestinal symptoms were recorded by questionnaire and Bristol stool scale.RESULTS: Subjects on the probiotic combination had significantly higher faecal counts of L. acidophilus ATCC 700396 and B. lactis at day 8(end of antibiotictreatment period) vs those on placebo. Furthermore, subjects on the probiotic combination had significantly higher faecal counts of L. acidophilus ATCC 700396 and B. lactis at Day 15(end of probiotic treatment) vs those on placebo. Lactobacillus counts remained stable in the probiotic group over the course of the study, while Clostridium XIV group was higher at the end of the study and closer to baseline levels; this in contrast to the placebo group. Beta-lactam resistance in creased after antibiotic exposure and was not different between both treatment groups. Gastrointestinal symptoms were generally mild and did not differ between the treatment groups, which correlates with the generally small changes in the microbiota.CONCLUSION: Consumption of the probiotic combination mainly leads to an increase in the faecal levels of the species included in the preparation.

关键词： Probiotic Antibiotic treatment Amoxicillin/ clavul

Effects of Vitamin K-1 and Menaquinone-7 on Vascular Function and Blood Pressure in Warfarin-Induced Calcification-Model in Rats

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2014年第12期5卷 1095-1105页

作者： Aino Siltari Niko Wickholm Anne SKivimaki Kaisa Olli Krista Salli Kirsti Tiihonen Riitta Korpela Heikki Vapaatalo Institute of Biomedicine PharmacologyUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland dupont nutrition and health Kantvik Active NutritionKantvikFinland

Given that vascular calcification is inversely correlated with the clinical intake of menaquinone, a rat model of warfarin-induced calcification may be useful for testing menaquinone and vitamin K-1 potential effects on vascular function. The aim of the present study was to investigate effects of vitamin K-1 and menaquinone-7 treatments on blood pressure and vascular function in warfarin-induced vascular calcification model during five-week intervention in normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats. Blood pressure was measured weekly, and at the end of the intervention in vitro vascular reactivity measurements were done. Alizarin Red S and von Kossa stainings were used to record possible calcification of aortic sections. Routine clinical chemistry was done from serum and urine samples. Vascular calcification was seen only in a few warfarin-treated animals in histological staining. Warfarin-treatment did not change significantly blood pressure of the rats. Warfarin-treatment increased slightly the endothelium-dependent relaxation of aorta after the L-type calcium channels were blocked. Also the vascular relaxation improved after NOS inhibition in the aorta of the healthy controls and menaquinone-7 treated animals, indicating that the relaxation in those groups was not totally dependent on NO. Clinical chemistry from serum showed some differences in urea, creatinine as well as lipid and glucose metabolism between the healthy controls and warfarin-treated rats.

关键词： Vascular Calcification Vitamin K-1 Menaquinone-7 Blood Pressure Vascular Function

Contemporary meta-analysis of short-term probiotic consumption on gastrointestinal transit

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第21期22卷 5122-5131页

作者： Larry E Miller Angela K Zimmermann Arthur C Ouwehand Miller Scientific Consulting Inc. Asheville NC 28803 United States dupont nutrition and health FIN-02460 Kantvik Finland

AIM: To determine the efficacy of probiotic supplementation on intestinal transit time(ITT) in adults and to identify factors that influence these outcomes. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review of randomized controlled trials of probiotic supplementation that measured ITT in adults. Study quality was assessed using the Jadad scale. A random effects meta-analysis was performed with standardized mean difference(SMD) of ITT between probiotic and control groups as the primary outcome. Meta-regression and subgroup analyses examined the impact of moderator variables on SMD of ITT.RESULTS: A total of 15 clinical trials with 17 treatment effects representing 675 subjects were included in this analysis. Probiotic supplementation was moderately efficacious in decreasing ITT compared to control, with an SMD of 0.38(95%CI: 0.23-0.53, P < 0.001). Subgroup analyses demonstrated statistically greater reductions in ITT with probiotics in subjects with vs without constipation(SMD: 0.57 vs 0.22, P < 0.01) and in studies with high vs low study quality(SMD: 0.45 vs 0.00, P = 0.01). Constipation(R^2 = 38%, P < 0.01), higher study quality(R^2 = 31%, P = 0.01), older age(R^2 = 27%, P = 0.02), higher percentage of female subjects(R^2 = 26%, P = 0.02), and fewer probiotic strains(R^2 = 20%, P < 0.05) were predictive of decreased ITT with probiotics in meta-regression. Medium to large treatment effects were identified with B. lactis HN019(SMD: 0.67, P < 0.001) and B. lactis DN-173 010(SMD: 0.54, P < 0.01) while other probiotic strains yielded negligible reductions in ITT relative to control.CONCLUSION: Probiotic supplementation is moderately efficacious for reducing ITT in adults. Probiotics were most efficacious in constipated subjects, when evaluated in high-quality studies, and with certain probiotic strains.

关键词： Constipation Gastrointestinal Intestinal transit time Meta-analysis Probiotics

Probiotic supplementation decreases intestinal transit time: Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第29期19卷 4718-4725页

作者： Larry E Miller Arthur C Ouwehand Miller Scientific Consulting Inc. Arden NC 28704 United States dupont nutrition and health FIN-02460 Kantvik Finland

AIM: To determine the efficacy of probiotic supplementation on intestinal transit time (ITT) and to identify factors that influence these outcomes. METHODS: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of probiotic supplementation that measured ITT in adults was conducted by searching MEDLINE and EMBASE using relevant combinations. Main search limits included RCTs of probiotic supplementation in healthy or constipated adults that measured ITT. Study quality was assessed using the Jadad scale. A random effects meta-analysis was performed with standardized mean difference (SMD) of ITT between probiotic and control groups as the primary outcome. Meta-regression and subgroup analyses were conducted to examine the impact of moderator variables on ITT SMD. RESULTS: A total of 11 clinical trials with 13 treatment effects representing 464 subjects were included in this analysis. Probiotic supplementation was associated with decreased ITT in relation to controls, with an SMD of 0.40 (95%CI: 0.20-0.59, P < 0.001). Constipation (r 2 = 39%, P = 0.01), higher mean age (r 2 = 27%, P = 0.03), and higher percentage of female subjects (r 2 = 23%, P < 0.05) were predictive of decreased ITT with probiotics in meta-regression. Subgroup analyses demonstrated statistically greater reductions in ITT with probiotics in subjects with vs without constipation and in older vs younger subjects [both SMD: 0.59 (95%CI: 0.39-0.79) vs 0.17 (95%CI: -0.08-0.42), P = 0.01]. Medium to large treatment effects were identified with Bifidobacterium Lactis (B. lactis ) HN019 (SMD: 0.72, 95%CI: 0.27-1.18, P < 0.01) and B. lactis DN-173 010 (SMD: 0.54, 95%CI: 0.15-0.94, P < 0.01) while other single strains and combination products yielded small treatment effects. CONCLUSION: Overall, short-term probiotic supplementation decreases ITT with consistently greater treatment effects identified in constipated or older adults and with certain probiotic strains.

关键词： Constipation Gastrointestinal Intestinal transit time Meta-analysis Probiotics

Sow performance in response to natural betaine fed during lactation and post-weaning during summer and non-summer months

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2020年第4期11卷 1061-1072页

作者： S.M.Mendoza R.D.Boyd J.Remus P.Wilcock G.E.Martinez E.van Heugten Department of Animal Science North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA The Hanor Company Inc. FranklinKY 42134USA dupont Animal nutrition WilmingtonDE 19803USA. AB Vista MarlboroughUK.

Background: Two studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary natural betaine on sow reproductive performance during summer(Exp. 1) and non-summer months(Exp. 2). Treatments were designed as a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with factors including dietary betaine(0 or 0.2%) and period of supplementation(lactation or post-weaning until 35 days post-insemination). In Exp. 1, 322 and 327 sows and in Exp. 2, 300 and 327 sows representing young(parity 1 and 2) and mature(parity 3 to 6) sows, respectively, were used.Results: In Exp. 1, supplementation of betaine during lactation increased sow body weight losses(-11.95 vs.-14.63 kg;P = 0.024), reduced feed intake(4.12 vs. 4.28 kg/d;P = 0.052), and tended to reduce percentage of no-value pigs(P = 0.071). Betaine fed post-weaning reduced weaning-to-estrus interval(5.75 vs. 6.68 days;P = 0.054) and farrowing rate(86.74% vs. 91.36%;P = 0.060), regardless of parity group. Post-hoc analysis with sows clustered into 3 parity groups(1, 2 and 3, and 4+) indicated that betaine fed in lactation to parity 4+ sows(P = 0.026) and betaine fed post-weaning to parity 1 sows increased the number of pigs born in the subsequent cycle(P ≤ 0.05). In Exp. 2, betaine fed during lactation tended to reduce the weaning-to-estrus interval(6.64 vs. 7.50 days;P = 0.077) and farrowing rate(88.23% vs.83.54%;P = 0.089), regardless of parity group. Feeding betaine post-weaning reduced number of pigs born(13.00 vs.13.64;P = 0.04) and pigs born alive(12.30 vs. 12.82;P = 0.075), regardless of parity group.Conclusions: Using 0.2% betaine during the non-summer months did not benefit sow performance. During the summer, betaine supplementation in lactation increased subsequent litter size in parity 4+ sows. Betaine fed during the post-weaning period reduced the wean-to-estrus interval and farrowing rate, increased total number of pigs born for parity 1 sows and reduced total number of pigs born to parity 4+ sows. Further research is needed to determine if the detrimental effects on feed intake and farr

关键词： Betaine Lactation Post-weaning Reproduction Sows