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Experimental and numerical simulations of bottom hole temperature and pressure distributions of supercritical co.2 jet for well-drilling

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2014年第2期26卷 226-233页

作者：王瑞和霍洪俊黄志远宋慧芳倪红坚 School of petroleum engineering China University of Petroleum (East China) drilling technology research institute Shengli Oil Field

The supercritical carbon dioxide （SC-co.） drilling is a novel drilling technique developed in recent years. A detailed study of temperature and pressure distributions of the SC-co. jet on the bottom of a well is essensial to the SC-co. drilling. In this paper, the distributions of pressure and temperature on the bottom of the hole during the SC-co. jet drilling are simulated experimentally and numerically, and the impacts of the nozzle diameter, the jet length, and the inlet pressure of the SC-co. jet are analyzed. It is shown that, the bottom hole temperature and pressure increase with the increase of the nozzle diameter, and the bottom hole temperature reduces and the pressure increases first and then decreases with the increase of the jet length, indicating that the jet length has an optimum value. The increase of the inlet pressure can increase the temperature and pressure on the bottom, which has a positive effect on the drilling rate.

关键词： supercritical carbon dioxide co. jet numerical simulation SC-co. drilling

co.rosion Behavior about Tubing Steel in Environment with High H_2S and co.2 co.tent

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Journal of Wuhan University of technology(Materials Science) 2013年第5期28卷 1038-1043页

作者：李文飞 ZHOU Yanjun XUE Yan drilling technology research institute Shengli Petroleum Administrative Bureau Xi'an Maurer petroleum engineering Laboratory

The co.rosion behavior of C100 steel in simulated environments with high H2S and co. co.tent was studied through high-temperature and high-pressure autoclave, and the HaS stress co.rosion cracking （SSC） resistance of C100 steel was evaluated by SSC tests. Scanning electron microsco.y （SEM）, transmission electron microsco.e （TEM） and X-ray diffraction （XRD） technique were employed to characterize the co.rosion products and the metal matrix. The results indicate that all of the co.rosion products in this investigation are mainly co.posed of different types of iron sulfide such as Fe0.95S, FeS0.9, F0.985S, Fe7S8 and FeS, and the absence of iron carbonate in the co.rosion scales suggests that the co.rosion process is governed by H2S co.rosion. The co.rosion rate decreases in the initial stage and then increases with the enhancement of the temperature. There exists a minimum co.rosion rate at about 110 ℃. Under the partial pressure of H2S lower than 9 MPa, the co.rosion rate decreases with the increase of P112S While over 9 MPa, a higher P112S will result in a faster co.rosion process. When the applied stress is 72%, 80% and 85% of actual yield strength （AYS）, all tested specimens show no crack, which reveals a superior SSC resistance.

关键词： C100 steel H2S co. co.rosion rate stress co.rosion cracking

Analysis of Buoyancy Module Auxiliary Installation technology Based on Numerical Simulation

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2018年第2期17卷 267-280页

作者： XU Songsen JIAO Chunshuo NING Meng DONG Sheng drilling technology research institute of shengli petroleum engineering co.poration Limited SINOPEC co.lege of engineering Ocean University of China

To reduce the requirement for lifting capacity and decrease the hoist cable force during the descending and laying process of a subsea production system(SPS), a buoyancy module auxiliary installation technology was proposed by loading buoyancy modules on the SPS to reduce the lifting weight. Two models are established, namely, the SPS lowering-down model and the buoyancy module floating-up model. The main study results are the following: 1) When the buoyancy module enters the water under wave co.dition, the amplitude of tension fluctuation is twice that when SPS enters water; 2) Under current co.dition, the displacement of SPS beco.es three times larger because of the existence of the buoyancy module; 3) After being released, the velocity of the buoyancy module increases to a large speed rapidly and then reaches a balancing speed gradually. The buoyancy module floats up at a balancing speed and rushes out from the water at a pop-up distance; 4) In deep water, the floating-up velocity of the buoyancy module is related to its mass density and shape, and it is not related to water depth; 5) A drag parachute can reduce floating-up velocity and pop-up distance effectively. Good agreement was found between the simulation and experiment results.

关键词： buoyancy module subsea production system rope tension disturbance floating-up velocity drag parachute pop-up distance

co.rosion Behavior of 110S Tube Steel in Environments of High H_2S and co.2 co.tent

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Journal of Iron and Steel research International 2012年第12期19卷 59-65页

作者： LI W en-fei ZHOU Yan-jun XUE Yan drilling technology research institute Shengli Petroleum Administrative Bureau Dongying 257017 Shandong China Xi'an Maurer petroleum engineering Laboratory Xi'an 710065 Shaanxi China

The co.rosion behavior of the 110S tube steel in the environments of high H2 S and co. co.tent was inves- tigated by using a high-temperature and high-pressure autoclave, and the co.rosion products were characterized by scanning electron microsco.y and X ray diffraction technique. The results showed that all of the co.rosion products under the test co.ditions mainly co.sisted of different types of iron sulfides such as pyrrhotite of Fe0.95 S, mackinaw- ite of FeS0.9, Fe0. 985 S and FeS, and the absence of iron carbonate in the co.rosion scales indicated that the co.rosion process was co.trolled by H2S co.rosion. The co.rosion rate of the 110S steel decreased firstly and then increased with the rising of temperature. The minimum co.rosion rate occurred at 110 ℃. When the H2 S partial pressure PH2s below 9 MPa, the co.rosion rate declined with the increase of PH2s. While over 9 MPa, a higher PH2s resulted in a faster co.rosion process. With the increasing of the co. partial pressure, the co.rosion rate had an increasing trend. The morphologies of the co.rosion scales had a good acco.dance with the co.rosion rates.

关键词： 110S tube steel high H2S and co. co.tent environment co.rosion rate co.rosion scale

Mechanism and performance of a lithium chloride accelerator

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petroleum Science 2011年第3期8卷 328-334页

作者： Wang Chengwen Wang Ruihe Cheng Rongchao Chen Erding School of petroleum engineering China University of Petroleum Qingdao Shandong 266555 China Department of drilling Strategy and Planning CNPC Drilling Research Institute Beijing 100195 China drilling engineering and technology co.p. Shengli Petroleum Administration Bureau Dongying Shandong 257064 China

To address present co.cerns about thickening time and high early-strength in deepwater cementing at low temperatures when using co.ventional accelerators, a new type of set-accelerating admixture co.prising of lithium chloride, aluminium hydroxide and alkaline metal chlorides, named as LS-A, was studied in this paper. Mechanism analysis and performance tests show that the accelerator LS-A accelerated the hydration of tri- and dicalcium silicates （C3S and C2S） at low-temperatures by speeding up the breakdown of the protective hydration film and shortening the hydration induction period. Therefore, LS-A co.ld shorten the low-temperature thickening time and the transition time of critical gel strength from 48 to 240 Pa of the Class-G cement slurry, and improve the early co.pressive strength of set cement at low-temperatures. It exhibited better performance than calcium chloride and had no effect on the type of hydration products, which remain the same as those of neat Class-G cement, i.e. the calcium silicate gel, Ca（OH）2 crystals and a small amount of ettringite AFt crystals. LS-A provides an effective way to guarantee the safety of cementing operations, and to solve the problems of low temperature and shallow water/gas flowing faced in deepwater cementing.

关键词： Deepwater cementing accelerator lithium chloride Class-G cement mechanism

Probabilistic Methods for Reliability Assessment of Floating Structures Based on Extreme Wave Simulation

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2022年第2期21卷 291-305页

作者： ZHAO Yuliang CHU Xinjie DONG Sheng co.lege of engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China drilling technology research institute of shengli petroleum engineering co.poration Limited SINOPECDongying 257017China

With the increasing application of floating platforms in deep waters and harsh environments,a proper assessment of the reliability of floating structures is important to ensure that these structures can operate safely during their design *** study outlines a practical methodology for reliability analysis of a semi-submersible platform based estimating the probability distribution of the extreme response in rough sea co.ditions(survival co.ditions).The co.strained NewWave(CNW)theory co.bined with Monte Carlo simulations was first applied to simulate the random wave surface elevation process in the time domain.A Gumbel distribution was the best fitting to describe the dynamically sensitive extreme response statistics under extreme waves(drift and mooring tension).The derived probability distribution of the extreme response was subsequently used in estimation of the associated limit state func-tion,and a reliability analysis of the floating structure was co.ducted using the Monte Carlo method.A semi-submersible platform in a water depth of 1500 m subjected to extreme wave loads was used to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed *** probability of failure of the semi-submersible when co.sidering mooring lines tension is greater than co.sidering drift.

关键词： reliability assessment floating structure co.strained NewWave theory Monte Carlo simulation extreme response

Prediction of the Mooring Force of a 2-D Floating Oil Storage Tank

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2014年第6期13卷 901-910页

作者： CHU Xinjie DONG Sheng ZHAO Xizeng co.lege of engineering Ocean University of China drilling technology research institute of shengli petroleum engineering co.poration Limited SINOPEC Ocean co.lege Zhejiang University

A co.strained Interpolation Profile （CIP）-based model is developed to predict the mooring force of a two-dimensional floating oil storage tank under wave co.ditions, which is validated against to a newly performed experiment. In the experiment, a box-shaped floating oil storage apparatus is used. co.putations are performed by an improved CIP-based Cartesian grid model, in which the THINC/SW scheme （THINC： tangent of hyperbola for interface capturing; SW： Slope Weighting）, is used for interface capturing. A multiphase flow solver is adopted to treat the water-air-body interactions. The Immersed Boundary Method （IBM） is implemented to treat the body surface. Main attention is paid to the sum force of mooring line and velocity field around the body. It is found that the sum force of the mooring line increases with increasing wave amplitude. The body suffers from water wave impact and large body motions occur near the free surface. The vortex occurs near the sharp edge, i.e., the sharp bottom co.ers of the float- ing oil storage tank and the vortex shedding can be captured by the present numerical model. The present model co.ld be further improved by including turbulence model which is currently under development. co.parison between the co.putational mooring forces and the measured mooring forces is presented with a reasonable agreement. The developed numerical model can predict the mooring line forces very well.

关键词： floating oil storage mooring line force CIP method numerical method Immersed Boundary Method

Critical co.dition study of borehole stability during air drilling

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petroleum Science 2009年第2期6卷 158-165页

作者： Deng Jingen Zou Linzhan Tan Qiang Yan Wei Gao Deli Zhang Hanlin Yan Xiuliang MOE Key Laboratory of petroleum engineering China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China drilling research institute of Changqing Oilfield Xi＇an Shaanxi 710048 China drilling research institute of shengli Oilfield Dongying Shandong 257100 China

The purpose of this paper is to establish the existence of the critical co.dition of borehole stability during air drilling. Rock Failure Process Analysis co.e 20 was used to set up a damage model of the borehole excavated in strain-softening rock. Damage evolution around the borehole was studied by tracking aco.stic emission. The study indicates that excavation damaged zone （EDZ） is formed around borehole because of stress co.centration after the borehole is excavated. There is a critical co.dition for borehole stability; the borehole will co.lapse when the critical damage co.dition is reached. The critical co.dition of underground excavation exists not only in elastic and ideal plastic material but in strainsoftening material as well. The research is helpful to developing an evaluation method of borehole stability during air drilling.

关键词： Borehole stability air drilling critical co.dition

ENERGY-SAVING TYPE OF HYDRAULIC WORKOVER RIG AND SIMULATION FOR LOWERING PIPESTRING

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical engineering 2005年第3期18卷 424-428页

作者： Zhang Lujun Gu Xinyi Chen Su School of Mechanical and Automobile engineering Yantai University Yantai 264005 China drilling technology research institute Shengli Petroleum Administrative Bureau Dongying 257000 China

research has been done on an energy-saving type of hydraulic workover rig. This rig can reco.er and reuse the potential energy which is released by the pipestring when lowered, and the equipped power of this rig is only one third of an ordinary rig. The structure and theory of this rig are introduced. The mathematical model of lowering the pipestring is established and a simulation analysis is co.ducted. Through simulation some co.clusions are obtained： The lighter the pipestring is, the less velocity of lowering the pipestring is; The smaller the throttle valve path area is, the less velocity of lowering the pipestring is; Different air vessel volumes have no evident effect on the pipestring lowering velocity. The actual measure results prove that the simulation results are right. Finally, the energy-saving effect of this rig is proved by the field test results.

关键词： Energy-saving Workover rig Energy-reco.ering Simulation